R tmap

library(tmap)
tm_shape(World)+ 
  tm_polygons(
    fill = "#ffce00", # fill color
    col = "black",    # line color
    lwd = 0.5,        # line width
    lty = "dashed")   # line type

## [tip] Consider a suitable map projection, e.g. by adding `+ tm_crs("auto")`.
## This message is displayed once per session.

tm_shape(World)+ 
  tm_polygons(fill = "grey90") +  
  tm_symbols(size = "pop_est",     
             fill = "well_being",  
             shape = "income_grp") 

tm_shape(World)+
tm_polygons(fill = "HPI")

tm_shape(World)+ tm_polygons(
  fill = "HPI",
  fill.scale = tm_scale_intervals(
    style = "fisher",     
    n = 7,               
    midpoint = 38,         
    values = "pu_gn_div"   
                           
  ))

tm_shape(World)+ tm_polygons(
  fill = "HPI",
  fill.scale = tm_scale_intervals(
   n = 6, # for n classes 
    style = "fixed",    
    breaks = c(0,10,20,30,40,50,60), # you need n+1 number of breaks
    values = "pu_gn_div"
  ))

tm_shape(World) +
  tm_polygons(
    fill = "HPI",
    fill.scale = tm_scale_intervals(
      breaks = c(0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60),
      values = "pu_gn_div",
      labels = c("0–10", "10–20", "20–30", "30–40", "40–50", "50–60")
    )
  )

tm_shape(World)+ 
  tm_polygons(
    fill = "HPI",
    fill.scale = tm_scale_continuous(
      limits = c(10, 60),
      values = "scico.hawaii"))

## [plot mode] fit legend/component: Some legend items or map compoments do not
## fit well, and are therefore rescaled.
## ℹ Set the tmap option `component.autoscale = FALSE` to disable rescaling.

tm_shape(World) + 
  tm_polygons(
    fill = "economy",
    fill.scale = tm_scale_categorical())

tm_shape(metro) +
  tm_bubbles(size = "pop2020") +
  tm_basemap("OpenTopoMap")

## [basemaps] Tiles from "OpenTopoMap" at zoom level 2 couldn't be loaded
## This message is displayed once per session.

tm_shape(World) + 
  tm_polygons(
    fill = "economy",
    fill.chart = tm_chart_bar())

tm_shape(World, crs = "+proj=eqearth") + 
  tm_polygons(
    fill = "HPI") +
  tm_layout(bg.color = "skyblue",
            earth_boundary = TRUE,
            frame = FALSE,
            space.color = "white")

tm_shape(World, 
         bbox = "FULL",
         crs = "+proj=ortho +lat_0=30 +lon_0=0") +
  tm_polygons() +
  tm_xlab("Longitudes") +
  tm_ylab("Latitudes")

tm_shape(World, 
         bbox = "FULL",
         crs = "+proj=ortho +lat_0=30 +lon_0=0") +
  tm_polygons() +
  tm_xlab("Longitudes") +
  tm_ylab("Latitudes")+ 
  tm_graticules(n.x = 20, n.y = 10, col = "black", lwd = 2, labels.show = FALSE) 

tm_shape(World, 
         bbox = "FULL",
         crs = "+proj=ortho +lat_0=30 +lon_0=0") +
  tm_polygons() +
  tm_xlab("Longitudes") +
  tm_ylab("Latitudes")+ 
  tm_graticules(n.x = 20, n.y = 10, col = "black", lwd = 2, labels.show = FALSE)+
  tm_style("natural")