Vinos
Miguel Angel Lopez
2025-08-18
Contexto
Estos datos son el resultado de un análisis quÃmico de vinos cultivados en la misma región de Italia, pero derivados de tres cultivares diferentes. El análisis determinó las cantidades de 13 componentes que se encuentran en cada uno de los tres cultivares.
Paso 1. Instalar paquetes y llamar librerÃas
#install.packages("cluster") #Agrupamiento
library(cluster)
#install.packages("ggplot2") #Graficar
library(ggplot2)
#install.packages("data.table") #Manejo de muchos datos
library(data.table)
#install.packages("factoextra") #Grafica de optimización de numero de clusters
library(factoextra)## Welcome! Want to learn more? See two factoextra-related books at https://goo.gl/ve3WBaPaso 2. Obtener los datos
df1 <- read.csv("/Users/miguel/Desktop/wine.csv")
df1## Alcohol Malic_Acid Ash Ash_Alcanity Magnesium Total_Phenols Flavanoids
## 1 14.23 1.71 2.43 15.6 127 2.80 3.06
## 2 13.20 1.78 2.14 11.2 100 2.65 2.76
## 3 13.16 2.36 2.67 18.6 101 2.80 3.24
## 4 14.37 1.95 2.50 16.8 113 3.85 3.49
## 5 13.24 2.59 2.87 21.0 118 2.80 2.69
## 6 14.20 1.76 2.45 15.2 112 3.27 3.39
## 7 14.39 1.87 2.45 14.6 96 2.50 2.52
## 8 14.06 2.15 2.61 17.6 121 2.60 2.51
## 9 14.83 1.64 2.17 14.0 97 2.80 2.98
## 10 13.86 1.35 2.27 16.0 98 2.98 3.15
## 11 14.10 2.16 2.30 18.0 105 2.95 3.32
## 12 14.12 1.48 2.32 16.8 95 2.20 2.43
## 13 13.75 1.73 2.41 16.0 89 2.60 2.76
## 14 14.75 1.73 2.39 11.4 91 3.10 3.69
## 15 14.38 1.87 2.38 12.0 102 3.30 3.64
## 16 13.63 1.81 2.70 17.2 112 2.85 2.91
## 17 14.30 1.92 2.72 20.0 120 2.80 3.14
## 18 13.83 1.57 2.62 20.0 115 2.95 3.40
## 19 14.19 1.59 2.48 16.5 108 3.30 3.93
## 20 13.64 3.10 2.56 15.2 116 2.70 3.03
## 21 14.06 1.63 2.28 16.0 126 3.00 3.17
## 22 12.93 3.80 2.65 18.6 102 2.41 2.41
## 23 13.71 1.86 2.36 16.6 101 2.61 2.88
## 24 12.85 1.60 2.52 17.8 95 2.48 2.37
## 25 13.50 1.81 2.61 20.0 96 2.53 2.61
## 26 13.05 2.05 3.22 25.0 124 2.63 2.68
## 27 13.39 1.77 2.62 16.1 93 2.85 2.94
## 28 13.30 1.72 2.14 17.0 94 2.40 2.19
## 29 13.87 1.90 2.80 19.4 107 2.95 2.97
## 30 14.02 1.68 2.21 16.0 96 2.65 2.33
## 31 13.73 1.50 2.70 22.5 101 3.00 3.25
## 32 13.58 1.66 2.36 19.1 106 2.86 3.19
## 33 13.68 1.83 2.36 17.2 104 2.42 2.69
## 34 13.76 1.53 2.70 19.5 132 2.95 2.74
## 35 13.51 1.80 2.65 19.0 110 2.35 2.53
## 36 13.48 1.81 2.41 20.5 100 2.70 2.98
## 37 13.28 1.64 2.84 15.5 110 2.60 2.68
## 38 13.05 1.65 2.55 18.0 98 2.45 2.43
## 39 13.07 1.50 2.10 15.5 98 2.40 2.64
## 40 14.22 3.99 2.51 13.2 128 3.00 3.04
## 41 13.56 1.71 2.31 16.2 117 3.15 3.29
## 42 13.41 3.84 2.12 18.8 90 2.45 2.68
## 43 13.88 1.89 2.59 15.0 101 3.25 3.56
## 44 13.24 3.98 2.29 17.5 103 2.64 2.63
## 45 13.05 1.77 2.10 17.0 107 3.00 3.00
## 46 14.21 4.04 2.44 18.9 111 2.85 2.65
## 47 14.38 3.59 2.28 16.0 102 3.25 3.17
## 48 13.90 1.68 2.12 16.0 101 3.10 3.39
## 49 14.10 2.02 2.40 18.8 103 2.75 2.92
## 50 13.94 1.73 2.27 17.4 108 2.88 3.54
## 51 13.05 1.73 2.04 12.4 92 2.72 3.27
## 52 13.83 1.65 2.60 17.2 94 2.45 2.99
## 53 13.82 1.75 2.42 14.0 111 3.88 3.74
## 54 13.77 1.90 2.68 17.1 115 3.00 2.79
## 55 13.74 1.67 2.25 16.4 118 2.60 2.90
## 56 13.56 1.73 2.46 20.5 116 2.96 2.78
## 57 14.22 1.70 2.30 16.3 118 3.20 3.00
## 58 13.29 1.97 2.68 16.8 102 3.00 3.23
## 59 13.72 1.43 2.50 16.7 108 3.40 3.67
## 60 12.37 0.94 1.36 10.6 88 1.98 0.57
## 61 12.33 1.10 2.28 16.0 101 2.05 1.09
## 62 12.64 1.36 2.02 16.8 100 2.02 1.41
## 63 13.67 1.25 1.92 18.0 94 2.10 1.79
## 64 12.37 1.13 2.16 19.0 87 3.50 3.10
## 65 12.17 1.45 2.53 19.0 104 1.89 1.75
## 66 12.37 1.21 2.56 18.1 98 2.42 2.65
## 67 13.11 1.01 1.70 15.0 78 2.98 3.18
## 68 12.37 1.17 1.92 19.6 78 2.11 2.00
## 69 13.34 0.94 2.36 17.0 110 2.53 1.30
## 70 12.21 1.19 1.75 16.8 151 1.85 1.28
## 71 12.29 1.61 2.21 20.4 103 1.10 1.02
## 72 13.86 1.51 2.67 25.0 86 2.95 2.86
## 73 13.49 1.66 2.24 24.0 87 1.88 1.84
## 74 12.99 1.67 2.60 30.0 139 3.30 2.89
## 75 11.96 1.09 2.30 21.0 101 3.38 2.14
## 76 11.66 1.88 1.92 16.0 97 1.61 1.57
## 77 13.03 0.90 1.71 16.0 86 1.95 2.03
## 78 11.84 2.89 2.23 18.0 112 1.72 1.32
## 79 12.33 0.99 1.95 14.8 136 1.90 1.85
## 80 12.70 3.87 2.40 23.0 101 2.83 2.55
## 81 12.00 0.92 2.00 19.0 86 2.42 2.26
## 82 12.72 1.81 2.20 18.8 86 2.20 2.53
## 83 12.08 1.13 2.51 24.0 78 2.00 1.58
## 84 13.05 3.86 2.32 22.5 85 1.65 1.59
## 85 11.84 0.89 2.58 18.0 94 2.20 2.21
## 86 12.67 0.98 2.24 18.0 99 2.20 1.94
## 87 12.16 1.61 2.31 22.8 90 1.78 1.69
## 88 11.65 1.67 2.62 26.0 88 1.92 1.61
## 89 11.64 2.06 2.46 21.6 84 1.95 1.69
## 90 12.08 1.33 2.30 23.6 70 2.20 1.59
## 91 12.08 1.83 2.32 18.5 81 1.60 1.50
## 92 12.00 1.51 2.42 22.0 86 1.45 1.25
## 93 12.69 1.53 2.26 20.7 80 1.38 1.46
## 94 12.29 2.83 2.22 18.0 88 2.45 2.25
## 95 11.62 1.99 2.28 18.0 98 3.02 2.26
## 96 12.47 1.52 2.20 19.0 162 2.50 2.27
## 97 11.81 2.12 2.74 21.5 134 1.60 0.99
## 98 12.29 1.41 1.98 16.0 85 2.55 2.50
## 99 12.37 1.07 2.10 18.5 88 3.52 3.75
## 100 12.29 3.17 2.21 18.0 88 2.85 2.99
## 101 12.08 2.08 1.70 17.5 97 2.23 2.17
## 102 12.60 1.34 1.90 18.5 88 1.45 1.36
## 103 12.34 2.45 2.46 21.0 98 2.56 2.11
## 104 11.82 1.72 1.88 19.5 86 2.50 1.64
## 105 12.51 1.73 1.98 20.5 85 2.20 1.92
## 106 12.42 2.55 2.27 22.0 90 1.68 1.84
## 107 12.25 1.73 2.12 19.0 80 1.65 2.03
## 108 12.72 1.75 2.28 22.5 84 1.38 1.76
## 109 12.22 1.29 1.94 19.0 92 2.36 2.04
## 110 11.61 1.35 2.70 20.0 94 2.74 2.92
## 111 11.46 3.74 1.82 19.5 107 3.18 2.58
## 112 12.52 2.43 2.17 21.0 88 2.55 2.27
## 113 11.76 2.68 2.92 20.0 103 1.75 2.03
## 114 11.41 0.74 2.50 21.0 88 2.48 2.01
## 115 12.08 1.39 2.50 22.5 84 2.56 2.29
## 116 11.03 1.51 2.20 21.5 85 2.46 2.17
## 117 11.82 1.47 1.99 20.8 86 1.98 1.60
## 118 12.42 1.61 2.19 22.5 108 2.00 2.09
## 119 12.77 3.43 1.98 16.0 80 1.63 1.25
## 120 12.00 3.43 2.00 19.0 87 2.00 1.64
## 121 11.45 2.40 2.42 20.0 96 2.90 2.79
## 122 11.56 2.05 3.23 28.5 119 3.18 5.08
## 123 12.42 4.43 2.73 26.5 102 2.20 2.13
## 124 13.05 5.80 2.13 21.5 86 2.62 2.65
## 125 11.87 4.31 2.39 21.0 82 2.86 3.03
## 126 12.07 2.16 2.17 21.0 85 2.60 2.65
## 127 12.43 1.53 2.29 21.5 86 2.74 3.15
## 128 11.79 2.13 2.78 28.5 92 2.13 2.24
## 129 12.37 1.63 2.30 24.5 88 2.22 2.45
## 130 12.04 4.30 2.38 22.0 80 2.10 1.75
## 131 12.86 1.35 2.32 18.0 122 1.51 1.25
## 132 12.88 2.99 2.40 20.0 104 1.30 1.22
## 133 12.81 2.31 2.40 24.0 98 1.15 1.09
## 134 12.70 3.55 2.36 21.5 106 1.70 1.20
## 135 12.51 1.24 2.25 17.5 85 2.00 0.58
## 136 12.60 2.46 2.20 18.5 94 1.62 0.66
## 137 12.25 4.72 2.54 21.0 89 1.38 0.47
## 138 12.53 5.51 2.64 25.0 96 1.79 0.60
## 139 13.49 3.59 2.19 19.5 88 1.62 0.48
## 140 12.84 2.96 2.61 24.0 101 2.32 0.60
## 141 12.93 2.81 2.70 21.0 96 1.54 0.50
## 142 13.36 2.56 2.35 20.0 89 1.40 0.50
## 143 13.52 3.17 2.72 23.5 97 1.55 0.52
## 144 13.62 4.95 2.35 20.0 92 2.00 0.80
## 145 12.25 3.88 2.20 18.5 112 1.38 0.78
## 146 13.16 3.57 2.15 21.0 102 1.50 0.55
## 147 13.88 5.04 2.23 20.0 80 0.98 0.34
## 148 12.87 4.61 2.48 21.5 86 1.70 0.65
## 149 13.32 3.24 2.38 21.5 92 1.93 0.76
## 150 13.08 3.90 2.36 21.5 113 1.41 1.39
## 151 13.50 3.12 2.62 24.0 123 1.40 1.57
## 152 12.79 2.67 2.48 22.0 112 1.48 1.36
## 153 13.11 1.90 2.75 25.5 116 2.20 1.28
## 154 13.23 3.30 2.28 18.5 98 1.80 0.83
## 155 12.58 1.29 2.10 20.0 103 1.48 0.58
## 156 13.17 5.19 2.32 22.0 93 1.74 0.63
## 157 13.84 4.12 2.38 19.5 89 1.80 0.83
## 158 12.45 3.03 2.64 27.0 97 1.90 0.58
## 159 14.34 1.68 2.70 25.0 98 2.80 1.31
## 160 13.48 1.67 2.64 22.5 89 2.60 1.10
## 161 12.36 3.83 2.38 21.0 88 2.30 0.92
## 162 13.69 3.26 2.54 20.0 107 1.83 0.56
## 163 12.85 3.27 2.58 22.0 106 1.65 0.60
## 164 12.96 3.45 2.35 18.5 106 1.39 0.70
## 165 13.78 2.76 2.30 22.0 90 1.35 0.68
## 166 13.73 4.36 2.26 22.5 88 1.28 0.47
## 167 13.45 3.70 2.60 23.0 111 1.70 0.92
## 168 12.82 3.37 2.30 19.5 88 1.48 0.66
## 169 13.58 2.58 2.69 24.5 105 1.55 0.84
## 170 13.40 4.60 2.86 25.0 112 1.98 0.96
## 171 12.20 3.03 2.32 19.0 96 1.25 0.49
## 172 12.77 2.39 2.28 19.5 86 1.39 0.51
## 173 14.16 2.51 2.48 20.0 91 1.68 0.70
## 174 13.71 5.65 2.45 20.5 95 1.68 0.61
## 175 13.40 3.91 2.48 23.0 102 1.80 0.75
## 176 13.27 4.28 2.26 20.0 120 1.59 0.69
## 177 13.17 2.59 2.37 20.0 120 1.65 0.68
## 178 14.13 4.10 2.74 24.5 96 2.05 0.76
## Nonflavanoid_Phenols Proanthocyanins Color_Intensity Hue OD280 Proline
## 1 0.28 2.29 5.640000 1.040 3.92 1065
## 2 0.26 1.28 4.380000 1.050 3.40 1050
## 3 0.30 2.81 5.680000 1.030 3.17 1185
## 4 0.24 2.18 7.800000 0.860 3.45 1480
## 5 0.39 1.82 4.320000 1.040 2.93 735
## 6 0.34 1.97 6.750000 1.050 2.85 1450
## 7 0.30 1.98 5.250000 1.020 3.58 1290
## 8 0.31 1.25 5.050000 1.060 3.58 1295
## 9 0.29 1.98 5.200000 1.080 2.85 1045
## 10 0.22 1.85 7.220000 1.010 3.55 1045
## 11 0.22 2.38 5.750000 1.250 3.17 1510
## 12 0.26 1.57 5.000000 1.170 2.82 1280
## 13 0.29 1.81 5.600000 1.150 2.90 1320
## 14 0.43 2.81 5.400000 1.250 2.73 1150
## 15 0.29 2.96 7.500000 1.200 3.00 1547
## 16 0.30 1.46 7.300000 1.280 2.88 1310
## 17 0.33 1.97 6.200000 1.070 2.65 1280
## 18 0.40 1.72 6.600000 1.130 2.57 1130
## 19 0.32 1.86 8.700000 1.230 2.82 1680
## 20 0.17 1.66 5.100000 0.960 3.36 845
## 21 0.24 2.10 5.650000 1.090 3.71 780
## 22 0.25 1.98 4.500000 1.030 3.52 770
## 23 0.27 1.69 3.800000 1.110 4.00 1035
## 24 0.26 1.46 3.930000 1.090 3.63 1015
## 25 0.28 1.66 3.520000 1.120 3.82 845
## 26 0.47 1.92 3.580000 1.130 3.20 830
## 27 0.34 1.45 4.800000 0.920 3.22 1195
## 28 0.27 1.35 3.950000 1.020 2.77 1285
## 29 0.37 1.76 4.500000 1.250 3.40 915
## 30 0.26 1.98 4.700000 1.040 3.59 1035
## 31 0.29 2.38 5.700000 1.190 2.71 1285
## 32 0.22 1.95 6.900000 1.090 2.88 1515
## 33 0.42 1.97 3.840000 1.230 2.87 990
## 34 0.50 1.35 5.400000 1.250 3.00 1235
## 35 0.29 1.54 4.200000 1.100 2.87 1095
## 36 0.26 1.86 5.100000 1.040 3.47 920
## 37 0.34 1.36 4.600000 1.090 2.78 880
## 38 0.29 1.44 4.250000 1.120 2.51 1105
## 39 0.28 1.37 3.700000 1.180 2.69 1020
## 40 0.20 2.08 5.100000 0.890 3.53 760
## 41 0.34 2.34 6.130000 0.950 3.38 795
## 42 0.27 1.48 4.280000 0.910 3.00 1035
## 43 0.17 1.70 5.430000 0.880 3.56 1095
## 44 0.32 1.66 4.360000 0.820 3.00 680
## 45 0.28 2.03 5.040000 0.880 3.35 885
## 46 0.30 1.25 5.240000 0.870 3.33 1080
## 47 0.27 2.19 4.900000 1.040 3.44 1065
## 48 0.21 2.14 6.100000 0.910 3.33 985
## 49 0.32 2.38 6.200000 1.070 2.75 1060
## 50 0.32 2.08 8.900000 1.120 3.10 1260
## 51 0.17 2.91 7.200000 1.120 2.91 1150
## 52 0.22 2.29 5.600000 1.240 3.37 1265
## 53 0.32 1.87 7.050000 1.010 3.26 1190
## 54 0.39 1.68 6.300000 1.130 2.93 1375
## 55 0.21 1.62 5.850000 0.920 3.20 1060
## 56 0.20 2.45 6.250000 0.980 3.03 1120
## 57 0.26 2.03 6.380000 0.940 3.31 970
## 58 0.31 1.66 6.000000 1.070 2.84 1270
## 59 0.19 2.04 6.800000 0.890 2.87 1285
## 60 0.28 0.42 1.950000 1.050 1.82 520
## 61 0.63 0.41 3.270000 1.250 1.67 680
## 62 0.53 0.62 5.750000 0.980 1.59 450
## 63 0.32 0.73 3.800000 1.230 2.46 630
## 64 0.19 1.87 4.450000 1.220 2.87 420
## 65 0.45 1.03 2.950000 1.450 2.23 355
## 66 0.37 2.08 4.600000 1.190 2.30 678
## 67 0.26 2.28 5.300000 1.120 3.18 502
## 68 0.27 1.04 4.680000 1.120 3.48 510
## 69 0.55 0.42 3.170000 1.020 1.93 750
## 70 0.14 2.50 2.850000 1.280 3.07 718
## 71 0.37 1.46 3.050000 0.906 1.82 870
## 72 0.21 1.87 3.380000 1.360 3.16 410
## 73 0.27 1.03 3.740000 0.980 2.78 472
## 74 0.21 1.96 3.350000 1.310 3.50 985
## 75 0.13 1.65 3.210000 0.990 3.13 886
## 76 0.34 1.15 3.800000 1.230 2.14 428
## 77 0.24 1.46 4.600000 1.190 2.48 392
## 78 0.43 0.95 2.650000 0.960 2.52 500
## 79 0.35 2.76 3.400000 1.060 2.31 750
## 80 0.43 1.95 2.570000 1.190 3.13 463
## 81 0.30 1.43 2.500000 1.380 3.12 278
## 82 0.26 1.77 3.900000 1.160 3.14 714
## 83 0.40 1.40 2.200000 1.310 2.72 630
## 84 0.61 1.62 4.800000 0.840 2.01 515
## 85 0.22 2.35 3.050000 0.790 3.08 520
## 86 0.30 1.46 2.620000 1.230 3.16 450
## 87 0.43 1.56 2.450000 1.330 2.26 495
## 88 0.40 1.34 2.600000 1.360 3.21 562
## 89 0.48 1.35 2.800000 1.000 2.75 680
## 90 0.42 1.38 1.740000 1.070 3.21 625
## 91 0.52 1.64 2.400000 1.080 2.27 480
## 92 0.50 1.63 3.600000 1.050 2.65 450
## 93 0.58 1.62 3.050000 0.960 2.06 495
## 94 0.25 1.99 2.150000 1.150 3.30 290
## 95 0.17 1.35 3.250000 1.160 2.96 345
## 96 0.32 3.28 2.600000 1.160 2.63 937
## 97 0.14 1.56 2.500000 0.950 2.26 625
## 98 0.29 1.77 2.900000 1.230 2.74 428
## 99 0.24 1.95 4.500000 1.040 2.77 660
## 100 0.45 2.81 2.300000 1.420 2.83 406
## 101 0.26 1.40 3.300000 1.270 2.96 710
## 102 0.29 1.35 2.450000 1.040 2.77 562
## 103 0.34 1.31 2.800000 0.800 3.38 438
## 104 0.37 1.42 2.060000 0.940 2.44 415
## 105 0.32 1.48 2.940000 1.040 3.57 672
## 106 0.66 1.42 2.700000 0.860 3.30 315
## 107 0.37 1.63 3.400000 1.000 3.17 510
## 108 0.48 1.63 3.300000 0.880 2.42 488
## 109 0.39 2.08 2.700000 0.860 3.02 312
## 110 0.29 2.49 2.650000 0.960 3.26 680
## 111 0.24 3.58 2.900000 0.750 2.81 562
## 112 0.26 1.22 2.000000 0.900 2.78 325
## 113 0.60 1.05 3.800000 1.230 2.50 607
## 114 0.42 1.44 3.080000 1.100 2.31 434
## 115 0.43 1.04 2.900000 0.930 3.19 385
## 116 0.52 2.01 1.900000 1.710 2.87 407
## 117 0.30 1.53 1.950000 0.950 3.33 495
## 118 0.34 1.61 2.060000 1.060 2.96 345
## 119 0.43 0.83 3.400000 0.700 2.12 372
## 120 0.37 1.87 1.280000 0.930 3.05 564
## 121 0.32 1.83 3.250000 0.800 3.39 625
## 122 0.47 1.87 6.000000 0.930 3.69 465
## 123 0.43 1.71 2.080000 0.920 3.12 365
## 124 0.30 2.01 2.600000 0.730 3.10 380
## 125 0.21 2.91 2.800000 0.750 3.64 380
## 126 0.37 1.35 2.760000 0.860 3.28 378
## 127 0.39 1.77 3.940000 0.690 2.84 352
## 128 0.58 1.76 3.000000 0.970 2.44 466
## 129 0.40 1.90 2.120000 0.890 2.78 342
## 130 0.42 1.35 2.600000 0.790 2.57 580
## 131 0.21 0.94 4.100000 0.760 1.29 630
## 132 0.24 0.83 5.400000 0.740 1.42 530
## 133 0.27 0.83 5.700000 0.660 1.36 560
## 134 0.17 0.84 5.000000 0.780 1.29 600
## 135 0.60 1.25 5.450000 0.750 1.51 650
## 136 0.63 0.94 7.100000 0.730 1.58 695
## 137 0.53 0.80 3.850000 0.750 1.27 720
## 138 0.63 1.10 5.000000 0.820 1.69 515
## 139 0.58 0.88 5.700000 0.810 1.82 580
## 140 0.53 0.81 4.920000 0.890 2.15 590
## 141 0.53 0.75 4.600000 0.770 2.31 600
## 142 0.37 0.64 5.600000 0.700 2.47 780
## 143 0.50 0.55 4.350000 0.890 2.06 520
## 144 0.47 1.02 4.400000 0.910 2.05 550
## 145 0.29 1.14 8.210000 0.650 2.00 855
## 146 0.43 1.30 4.000000 0.600 1.68 830
## 147 0.40 0.68 4.900000 0.580 1.33 415
## 148 0.47 0.86 7.650000 0.540 1.86 625
## 149 0.45 1.25 8.420000 0.550 1.62 650
## 150 0.34 1.14 9.400000 0.570 1.33 550
## 151 0.22 1.25 8.600000 0.590 1.30 500
## 152 0.24 1.26 10.800000 0.480 1.47 480
## 153 0.26 1.56 7.100000 0.610 1.33 425
## 154 0.61 1.87 10.520000 0.560 1.51 675
## 155 0.53 1.40 7.600000 0.580 1.55 640
## 156 0.61 1.55 7.900000 0.600 1.48 725
## 157 0.48 1.56 9.010000 0.570 1.64 480
## 158 0.63 1.14 7.500000 0.670 1.73 880
## 159 0.53 2.70 13.000000 0.570 1.96 660
## 160 0.52 2.29 11.750000 0.570 1.78 620
## 161 0.50 1.04 7.650000 0.560 1.58 520
## 162 0.50 0.80 5.880000 0.960 1.82 680
## 163 0.60 0.96 5.580000 0.870 2.11 570
## 164 0.40 0.94 5.280000 0.680 1.75 675
## 165 0.41 1.03 9.580000 0.700 1.68 615
## 166 0.52 1.15 6.620000 0.780 1.75 520
## 167 0.43 1.46 10.680000 0.850 1.56 695
## 168 0.40 0.97 10.260000 0.720 1.75 685
## 169 0.39 1.54 8.660000 0.740 1.80 750
## 170 0.27 1.11 8.500000 0.670 1.92 630
## 171 0.40 0.73 5.500000 0.660 1.83 510
## 172 0.48 0.64 9.899999 0.570 1.63 470
## 173 0.44 1.24 9.700000 0.620 1.71 660
## 174 0.52 1.06 7.700000 0.640 1.74 740
## 175 0.43 1.41 7.300000 0.700 1.56 750
## 176 0.43 1.35 10.200000 0.590 1.56 835
## 177 0.53 1.46 9.300000 0.600 1.62 840
## 178 0.56 1.35 9.200000 0.610 1.60 560Paso 3. Entender los datos
summary(df1)## Alcohol Malic_Acid Ash Ash_Alcanity
## Min. :11.03 Min. :0.740 Min. :1.360 Min. :10.60
## 1st Qu.:12.36 1st Qu.:1.603 1st Qu.:2.210 1st Qu.:17.20
## Median :13.05 Median :1.865 Median :2.360 Median :19.50
## Mean :13.00 Mean :2.336 Mean :2.367 Mean :19.49
## 3rd Qu.:13.68 3rd Qu.:3.083 3rd Qu.:2.558 3rd Qu.:21.50
## Max. :14.83 Max. :5.800 Max. :3.230 Max. :30.00
## Magnesium Total_Phenols Flavanoids Nonflavanoid_Phenols
## Min. : 70.00 Min. :0.980 Min. :0.340 Min. :0.1300
## 1st Qu.: 88.00 1st Qu.:1.742 1st Qu.:1.205 1st Qu.:0.2700
## Median : 98.00 Median :2.355 Median :2.135 Median :0.3400
## Mean : 99.74 Mean :2.295 Mean :2.029 Mean :0.3619
## 3rd Qu.:107.00 3rd Qu.:2.800 3rd Qu.:2.875 3rd Qu.:0.4375
## Max. :162.00 Max. :3.880 Max. :5.080 Max. :0.6600
## Proanthocyanins Color_Intensity Hue OD280
## Min. :0.410 Min. : 1.280 Min. :0.4800 Min. :1.270
## 1st Qu.:1.250 1st Qu.: 3.220 1st Qu.:0.7825 1st Qu.:1.938
## Median :1.555 Median : 4.690 Median :0.9650 Median :2.780
## Mean :1.591 Mean : 5.058 Mean :0.9574 Mean :2.612
## 3rd Qu.:1.950 3rd Qu.: 6.200 3rd Qu.:1.1200 3rd Qu.:3.170
## Max. :3.580 Max. :13.000 Max. :1.7100 Max. :4.000
## Proline
## Min. : 278.0
## 1st Qu.: 500.5
## Median : 673.5
## Mean : 746.9
## 3rd Qu.: 985.0
## Max. :1680.0str(df1)## 'data.frame': 178 obs. of 13 variables:
## $ Alcohol : num 14.2 13.2 13.2 14.4 13.2 ...
## $ Malic_Acid : num 1.71 1.78 2.36 1.95 2.59 1.76 1.87 2.15 1.64 1.35 ...
## $ Ash : num 2.43 2.14 2.67 2.5 2.87 2.45 2.45 2.61 2.17 2.27 ...
## $ Ash_Alcanity : num 15.6 11.2 18.6 16.8 21 15.2 14.6 17.6 14 16 ...
## $ Magnesium : int 127 100 101 113 118 112 96 121 97 98 ...
## $ Total_Phenols : num 2.8 2.65 2.8 3.85 2.8 3.27 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.98 ...
## $ Flavanoids : num 3.06 2.76 3.24 3.49 2.69 3.39 2.52 2.51 2.98 3.15 ...
## $ Nonflavanoid_Phenols: num 0.28 0.26 0.3 0.24 0.39 0.34 0.3 0.31 0.29 0.22 ...
## $ Proanthocyanins : num 2.29 1.28 2.81 2.18 1.82 1.97 1.98 1.25 1.98 1.85 ...
## $ Color_Intensity : num 5.64 4.38 5.68 7.8 4.32 6.75 5.25 5.05 5.2 7.22 ...
## $ Hue : num 1.04 1.05 1.03 0.86 1.04 1.05 1.02 1.06 1.08 1.01 ...
## $ OD280 : num 3.92 3.4 3.17 3.45 2.93 2.85 3.58 3.58 2.85 3.55 ...
## $ Proline : int 1065 1050 1185 1480 735 1450 1290 1295 1045 1045 ...Paso 4. Escalar los datos
# Sólo si los datos no están en la misma escala
datos_escalados <- scale(df1)Paso 5. Determinar números de grupos
# Siempre es un valor inicial cualquiera, luego se optimiza.
grupos2 <- 3Paso 6. Generar los grupos
clusters2 <- kmeans(datos_escalados,grupos2)
clusters2## K-means clustering with 3 clusters of sizes 65, 62, 51
##
## Cluster means:
## Alcohol Malic_Acid Ash Ash_Alcanity Magnesium Total_Phenols
## 1 -0.9234669 -0.3929331 -0.4931257 0.1701220 -0.49032869 -0.07576891
## 2 0.8328826 -0.3029551 0.3636801 -0.6084749 0.57596208 0.88274724
## 3 0.1644436 0.8690954 0.1863726 0.5228924 -0.07526047 -0.97657548
## Flavanoids Nonflavanoid_Phenols Proanthocyanins Color_Intensity Hue
## 1 0.02075402 -0.03343924 0.05810161 -0.8993770 0.4605046
## 2 0.97506900 -0.56050853 0.57865427 0.1705823 0.4726504
## 3 -1.21182921 0.72402116 -0.77751312 0.9388902 -1.1615122
## OD280 Proline
## 1 0.2700025 -0.7517257
## 2 0.7770551 1.1220202
## 3 -1.2887761 -0.4059428
##
## Clustering vector:
## [1] 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
## [38] 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
## [75] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
## [112] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
## [149] 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
##
## Within cluster sum of squares by cluster:
## [1] 558.6971 385.6983 326.3537
## (between_SS / total_SS = 44.8 %)
##
## Available components:
##
## [1] "cluster" "centers" "totss" "withinss" "tot.withinss"
## [6] "betweenss" "size" "iter" "ifault"set.seed(123)
optimizacion2 <- clusGap(df1, FUN=kmeans, nstart=1, K.max=10)
plot(optimizacion2, xlab="Número de clusters k")
fviz_cluster(clusters2, data=datos_escalados)
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