Juvenile fish near the Isles of Shoals, 2021-2025

Author

Mike Sigler, Shoals Marine Laboratory Scientist in Residence

Published

August 20, 2025

Summary

Juvenile fish are important prey for marine birds and mammals. The objective of this study is to characterize the juvenile fish near the Isles of Shoals. Neuston nets and beach seines were deployed from 2021-2025. The neuston net was deployed 118 times and the beach seine was deployed 7 times. Neuston net fish catches were ichthyoplankton ranging from about 5-35 mm total length (TL) and beach seine fish catches were juvenile fish ranging from about 15-210 mm TL. Neuston net catches were high in 2022 (up to about 20 ichthyoplankton per deployment) and low thereafter (typically 0-2 per deployment). Beach seine catches typically were a few hundred fish and were more consistent from year to year. In the neuston net catch, common fish species were red hake (Urophycis chuss), white hake (Urophycis tenuis) and fourbeard rockling (Enchelyopus cimbrius). In the beach seine catch, common fish species were American sand lance (Ammodytes americanus), Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) and Atlantic tomcod (Microgadus tomcod). The largest beach seine catch of herring was in 2025 (159).

Introduction

Juvenile fish are important prey for marine birds and mammals. During June 2021, three juvenile fish were caught during surface water sampling near the Isles of Shoals and were identified as red hake, white hake or fourbeard rockling, which are morphologically similar species (Marancik, Richardson, and Konieczna 2020). These three species are prey of the terns (Gemma Clucas, Elizabeth Craig, pers. comm.) and seals (Gemma Clucas, pers. comm.; Jess Veo, Juliana Berube, Andrea Bogomolni, Nadine Lysiak, Lisa Sette, pers. comm.1) found at the Isles of Shoals. Juvenile red and white hake spend their first months drifting at or near surface water, sometimes under floating eelgrass or rockweed, reaching ~10 cm by fall (Steiner, Luczkovich, and Olla 1982). Juvenile fourbeard rockling also spend their first months at or near surface water (Bigelow and Schroeder 1953). Red and white hake may be less nutritious than other seal and tern prey such as Atlantic herring and American sand lance, yet if they are common at the water surface, may make an important contribution to these predators’ diets, similar to prey patterns for Steller sea lions in southeast Alaska (Sigler et al. 2009). During the 2021 sampling, eight neuston net tows were completed during surface water sampling. The intent of this project is to continue this sampling and to characterize the juvenile fish near the Isles of Shoals.

Objective

Characterize the juvenile fish near the Isles of Shoals.

Methods

A neuston net was deployed to sample juvenile fish at the water surface. The net is a standard configuration of 1-m wide, 0.5-m deep and 3-m long with 330-micron mesh and cod end. This neuston net configuration is the standard net used by the NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center (pers. comm. Jerry Prezioso, NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 18 March 2020). Although neuston nets are not routinely used during standard surveys of the northeast U.S. shelf, using this net provides comparable data to data collected by the NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center. The neuston net was deployed from a davit on the R/V John B. Heiser and occasionally, from the vessel crane on the R/V John M. Kingsbury. The net was deployed off the side of the vessel, 5-minute tow duration, with the vessel turning slowly during the tow to keep the net outside of the vessel wake. Following retrieval, the net contents were washed into 1-liter wide mouth plastic jars and returned to the lab for processing. Initially a washdown pump and hose were used to the wash net contents into the cod end, but the catch was in better condition for species identification if we instead rinsed the cod end with a squirt bottle and did not use the hose. We also initially frequently refrigerated the catch overnight before processing the samples the next day but again, the catch was in better condition if we processed the catch the night of capture.

Sampling occurred during low light periods (dusk) when juvenile fish are more likely to be near the surface. In 2022 and 2025, sampling primarily occurred in a restricted passage where fish may be concentrated (the channel between Smuttynose and Appledore islands, where juvenile fish were found in 2021). In 2023, sampling primary occurred near the tern colony at White and Seavey islands and near the seal colony at Duck Island and adjacent ledges. In 2024, sampling primary occurred near the red buoy northwest of Appledore Island; sample timing each week varied from dusk (the standard timing) to full dark. A sampling period consisted of three tows, lasted one hour, and occurred weekly for 8-10 weeks.

In the lab, samples were filtered through a 4-mm sieve to remove debris (e.g., algae) and into a 330-micron sieve (the same mesh size as the neuston net). Fish were individually picked from the 330-micron sieve and transferred to a watch glass for identification. A dissecting scope was used to identify species and to count and length the fish. Images of the catch were recorded often in 2022 and routinely thereafter for species verification and electronic length measurements using the open-source software Image J. Zooplankton usually were identified to general taxa (e.g., copepods) and their abundance approximated (e.g., many).

In addition, a beach seine was deployed to sample another habitat where juvenile fish commonly are found, coastal eelgrass habitats. The beach seine is a standard configuration with a 37-m long variable-mesh beach seine that tapered from 5-m wide at the center to 1-m wide at the ends.2 Outer panels were each 10-m of 32-mm stretched mesh, intermediate panels were each 4-m of 6-mm square mesh, and the bunt was 9-m of 3.2-mm square mesh. The seine had a lead line and a float line so that the bottom contacted the substrate and the top floated. This beach seine is a standard configuration used on the U.S. and Canada Pacific coast and is an effective tool for sampling eelgrass habitat (e.g., Johnson et al. 2003). This beach seine is somewhat larger than beach seines used by NH Fish and Game Department to survey estuarine juvenile finfish (30.5 m long and 1.8 m high with 6.4 mm mesh, with a bag where the height, width, and depth each measure 1.8 m)3.

We set the beach seine as a “round haul”. The net was deployed off the bow of an inflatable. Seine deployment began at the beach, setting a line attached to one end of the seine, motoring away from the beach for 30-40 m, turning parallel to the beach and starting the seine deployment. Once the seine was deployed (parallel to the beach), a line attached to the other end of the seine was brought back to the beach. At this point, the seine lies parallel to the beach and 30-40 m away. Three to four people began hauling each line onto the beach (six to eight people total), steadily pulling the seine through the water until the entire seine is on the lower beach. Following retrieval, the catch was removed from the seine and placed in buckets. The catch was identified to species, counted and for a subsample of each fish species, lengths were measured. Beach seine sampling occurred during daylight hours following a low tide (within two hours of low tide), so that the seine could reach and sample the eel grass habitat. Two locations were sampled, Fort Foster Beach, Maine and New Castle Beach, New Hampshire in 2022 and New Castle beach thereafter. A sampling period typically consisted of one beach seine deployment.

Results and Discussion

Species identification

Juvenile fish identification can be difficult, especially for the earliest larval stages. Physical characteristics change quickly during early life and species often are morphologically similar (e.g., Marancik, Richardson, and Konieczna (2020)). For example, larvae of red and white hake Urophycis sp. have 2-3 pelvic fin rays whereas fourbeard rockling have 4-7 (Fahay 1983), seemingly diagnostic, but sometimes the number of rays can be difficult to count if fin membranes are torn (personal observation). Some species were initially misidentified in 2022 and species identification improved in 2023. Taxonomic experts at NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center (Katey Marancik and Elizabeth Broughton) have been expert and willing teachers. Once fish advance from the larval to the juvenile fish stage, identification is much easier.

Neuston net sampling

A total of 31 neuston tows were completed during June and July 2022 at approximately weekly intervals (Figure 1). Neuston tows were completed south (in the channel between Appledore and Smuttynose islands) and east of Appledore Island (Figure 2). The most common fish species caught were red hake or white hake (hereafter “hake”) or fourbeard rockling (Figure 3). Larvae and juveniles of red and white hake are similar Marancik, Richardson, and Konieczna (2020) and were not differentiated in this study. Larvae and juveniles of fourbeard rockling also are similar to hake and were not distinguished in 2022 but were distinguished thereafter. Several individuals of two other species occasionally were caught, cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus) in early July and Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in late July. The maximum number of fish caught in one sampling day (typically three neuston tows) was 94 (Figure 3). Fish catches were minimal until the fourth week of June and remained elevated thereafter. The length range of all species was 5 - 28 mm TL; most fish were 5-20 mm TL (Figure 4).

A total of 28 neuston tows were completed during June, July and August 2023 at approximately weekly intervals (Figure 1). Neuston tows were completed near the tern colony at White and Seavey islands and near the seal colony at Duck Island and adjacent ledges (Figure 2). The most common fish species caught were hake or fourbeard rockling (Figure 3). The maximum number of fish caught in one sampling day (three neuston tows) was 11. Fish catches were initially nil, increased in mid-July and remained elevated thereafter. Fish catches were smaller in 2023 than in 2022. The length range of all species was 2 - 36 mm TL; most fish were 8-21 mm TL (Figure 4).

A total of 27 neuston tows were completed during June, July and August 2024 at approximately weekly intervals (Figure 1). Neuston tows were completed near the red buoy northwest of Appledore Island; timing varied from dusk to full dark. The most common fish species caught were hake or fourbeard rockling (Figure 3). The maximum number of fish caught in one sampling day (three neuston tows) was 5. Time of day had no obvious effect on fish catches. Fish catches were low throughout the summer. Fish catches were smaller in 2023 and 2024 than in 2022. The length range of all species was 2 - 25 mm TL; most fish were 2-14 mm TL (Figure 4).

A total of 24 neuston tows were completed during June, July and August 2025 at approximately weekly intervals for five weeks and intermittently thereafter (Figure 1). Neuston tows were completed south (in the channel between Appledore and Smuttynose islands) and east of Appledore Island (Figure 2). The most common fish species caught were hake or fourbeard rockling (Figure 3). The maximum number of fish caught in one sampling day (typically three neuston tows) was 7 (Figure 3). Fish catches were low throughout the summer. Fish catches were smaller in 2023, 2024 and 2025 than in 2022. After week 5 in 2025, the time between samples was lengthened because catches remained low. The length range of all species was 5 - 35 mm TL; most fish were 5-20 mm TL (Figure 4).

Sampling effort

Figure 1: Sampling effort (number of gear deployments) by gear type (neuston net near the Isles of Shoals; beach seine in the mouth of the Piscataqua River), day of year and year during the summers of 2021-2025.

Sampling locations

Figure 2: Sample locations by gear type (neuston net primarily near the Isles of Shoals, upper panel; beach seine in the mouth of the Piscataqua River, lower panel) during the summers of 2021-2025.

Neuston net catches

Figure 3: Fish catch by species, day of year and year caught for neuston net sampling near the Isles of Shoals during the summers of 2021-2025.

Neuston net fish lengths

Figure 4: Fish length by species, day of year and year caught for neuston net sampling near the Isles of Shoals during the summers of 2021-2025.

Beach seine sampling

A total of seven beach seine sets were completed during 2021-2025, two each in 2021 and 2023 and one each in 2022, 2024 and 2025 (Figure 1). The beach seine sets were located at the mouth of the Piscataqua River. Most of the beach seines were completed at New Castle Beach, New Hampshire and one, in 2021, was completed at Fort Foster Beach, Maine (Figure 2). The most common fish species caught was sand lance, due to one large sample of about 2,000 juveniles (Figure 5). Other common fish species were Atlantic herring, Atlantic tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax). The maximum number of fish caught in one beach seine set was about 2,000. The largest catch of herring was in 2025 (159). Only one juvenile flatfish was caught at Fort Foster Beach in 2021 whereas on the same day, about 20 juvenile fish were caught at New Castle Beach. Too few beach seine sets were completed to measure seasonal catch patterns (Figure 1). The length range of all species was 15 - 210 mm TL; most fish were 30-120 mm TL (Figure 6).

Beach seine catches

Figure 5: Fish catch by species, day of year and year caught for beach seine sampling in the mouth of the Piscataqua River during the summers of 2021-2025.

Beach seine fish lengths

Figure 6: Fish length by species, day of year and year caught for beach seine sampling in the mouth of the Piscataqua River during the summers of 2021-2025.

Habitat comparison

Two gear types were used to sample two different habitats. The neuston net was used to sample surface water near the Isles of Shoals. The beach seine was used to sample coastal eelgrass habitat in the mouth of the Piscataqua River. The species and sizes caught by the two sampling gears overlapped little. Only two species, cunner and stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), were caught on at least two occasions by both neuston net and beach seine (Figure 7). In addition, fish caught by neuston net were smaller than fish caught by beach seine (Figure 8). These differences reflect the different species and life stages inhabiting the habitats sampled by the two gears:
- larvae and early young of the year juveniles in the surface water sampled by the neuston net; - young of the year and likely age one and possibly older juveniles in the eelgrass habitat sampled by the beach seine.

Neuston net and beach seine catches

Figure 7: Fish catch by species and gear type (beach seine samples of coastal eelgrass habitat in the mouth of the Piscataqua River, left panel; neuston net samples of surface water near the Isles of Shoals, right panel) during the summers of 2021-2025.

Neuston net and beach seine fish lengths

Figure 8: Fish length by species and gear type (beach seine samples of coastal eelgrass habitat in the mouth of the Piscataqua River, left panel; neuston net samples of surface water near the Isles of Shoals, right panel) during the summers of 2021-2025.

Collaboration

The juvenile fish project complements existing research projects at the Isles of Shoals and nearby and provided opportunities for collaboration. These include tern research at White and Seavey islands led by Elizabeth Craig and Gemma Clucas, seal research at Duck Island led by Nadine Lysiak ,Andrea Bogomolni, and Lisa Sette and oceanography and ecology research led by Jennifer Dijkstra, Tom Lippmann and Melanie Carolan.

Product

Observations of the abundance and size of juvenile fish by week and location. See the appendix for the database of sample position, catch, and length.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to the Shoals Marine Laboratory for funding this research and providing me with the opportunity to be a Scientist in Residence during 2022-2025. The undergraduate researchers were great and I had fun watching them grow as scientists and guiding their research. Thanks also to the taxonomic experts at NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Katey Marancik and Elizabeth Broughton, who have been expert and willing teachers and an oceanographer at NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Jerry Prezioso, who ably answered questions about NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center sampling methods, data and data availability. Thanks also to Rebecca Atkins, my fellow Scientist in Residence in 2023-2025, for her consistent participation in the neuston sampling and species identification (what is that?!). Click here for an updated, online version of Fahay 1983, which is an amazing reference.

Appendix

Sample locations by gear type (neuston net near the Isles of Shoals; beach seine in the mouth of the Piscataqua River) during the summers of 2021-2024.
Event Gear Date Start time (HHMM) Latitude (DD.DDDDD) Longitude (DD.DDDDD) Bottom depth (m)
20 neuston net 2021-06-17 1345.0 42.98733 -70.60583 36
21 neuston net 2021-06-17 1404.0 42.98667 -70.60183 30
22 neuston net 2021-06-17 1423.0 42.98690 -70.60017 30
25 neuston net 2021-06-19 1940.0 42.98715 -70.60242 40
26 neuston net 2021-06-19 2005.0 42.98430 -70.60653 12
27 neuston net 2021-06-19 2018.0 42.98267 -70.61588 14
30 neuston net 2021-06-24 1143.0 43.06800 -70.70985 10
31 neuston net 2021-06-24 1156.0 43.06883 -70.71063 8
33 beach seine 2021-06-24 1315.0 43.06738 -70.69775 3
34 beach seine 2021-06-24 1425.0 43.06738 -70.69775 2
35 neuston net 2022-06-04 1356.0 42.98597 -70.60865 12
36 neuston net 2022-06-04 1419.0 42.98558 -70.61025 6
37 neuston net 2022-06-04 1431.0 42.98348 -70.61420 14
38 neuston net 2022-06-04 1445.0 42.98257 -70.61368 7
39 neuston net 2022-06-04 1519.0 42.99150 -70.61018 14
40 neuston net 2022-06-04 1529.0 42.99397 -70.60957 28
41 neuston net 2022-06-04 1542.0 42.99242 -70.60562 27
42 neuston net 2022-06-07 845.0 42.98527 -70.60958 10
43 neuston net 2022-06-07 901.0 42.98380 -70.61270 12
44 neuston net 2022-06-11 1857.0 42.98432 -70.61303 8
45 neuston net 2022-06-11 1908.0 42.98385 -70.61460 13
46 neuston net 2022-06-11 1920.0 42.98720 -70.60847 13
47 neuston net 2022-06-11 1930.0 42.98407 -70.60977 15
48 neuston net 2022-06-16 1926.0 42.98360 -70.61130 10
49 neuston net 2022-06-16 1941.0 42.98392 -70.61137 14
50 neuston net 2022-06-16 1954.0 42.98362 -70.61190 12
51 neuston net 2022-06-21 1858.0 42.98278 -70.61408 12
52 neuston net 2022-06-21 1908.0 42.98277 -70.61410 21
53 neuston net 2022-06-21 1921.0 42.98565 -70.60933 12
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 1300.0 43.06795 -70.71301 3
55 neuston net 2022-07-02 1859.0 42.98265 -70.61888 18
56 neuston net 2022-07-02 1913.0 42.98360 -70.61020 8
57 neuston net 2022-07-02 1923.0 42.98733 -70.60747 13
58 neuston net 2022-07-11 1912.0 42.98345 -70.61237 8
59 neuston net 2022-07-11 1930.0 42.98530 -70.60178 24
60 neuston net 2022-07-11 1938.0 42.98417 -70.60613 7
63 neuston net 2022-07-16 1917.0 42.98383 -70.61117 13
64 neuston net 2022-07-16 1928.0 42.98467 -70.60767 21
65 neuston net 2022-07-16 1943.0 42.98333 -70.61500 12
66 neuston net 2022-07-23 1903.0 42.98217 -70.62033 NA
67 neuston net 2022-07-23 1915.0 42.98360 -70.61200 NA
68 neuston net 2022-07-23 1926.0 42.98603 -70.60777 NA
69 neuston net 2023-06-11 1905.0 42.99198 -70.61875 17
70 neuston net 2023-06-11 1917.0 42.99617 -70.63092 17
71 neuston net 2023-06-11 1927.0 42.99622 -70.62693 31
72 neuston net 2023-06-17 1905.0 42.98415 -70.61935 15
73 neuston net 2023-06-17 1912.0 42.98162 -70.61913 26
74 neuston net 2023-06-17 1925.0 42.98018 -70.61648 16
75 neuston net 2023-06-23 1927.0 42.96913 -70.62217 11
76 neuston net 2023-06-23 1936.0 42.96945 -70.62210 12
77 neuston net 2023-06-23 1947.0 42.96945 -70.62210 11
79 neuston net 2023-07-01 1921.0 42.99975 -70.59697 26
80 neuston net 2023-07-01 1934.0 43.00265 -70.59855 18
81 neuston net 2023-07-01 1947.0 43.00705 -70.59780 24
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 1030.0 43.06795 -70.71301 3
83 neuston net 2023-07-08 1930.0 42.96892 -70.62050 21
84 neuston net 2023-07-08 1942.0 42.97050 -70.62508 14
85 neuston net 2023-07-08 1953.0 42.96912 -70.62880 12
88 neuston net 2023-07-15 1930.0 43.00700 -70.60575 12
89 neuston net 2023-07-15 1940.0 43.00705 -70.59940 20
90 neuston net 2023-07-15 1952.0 43.00443 -70.59665 15
93 neuston net 2023-07-26 1930.0 42.96498 -70.62620 14
94 neuston net 2023-07-26 1946.0 42.96793 -70.63043 23
95 neuston net 2023-07-26 1956.0 42.96928 -70.62740 7
100 neuston net 2023-07-29 1900.0 43.00213 -70.60038 7
101 neuston net 2023-07-29 1911.0 43.00822 -70.60098 9
102 neuston net 2023-07-29 1927.0 43.00520 -70.60998 14
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 930.0 43.06795 -70.71301 3
106 neuston net 2023-08-05 1938.0 42.96962 -70.62200 13
107 neuston net 2023-08-05 1948.0 42.97073 -70.62442 18
108 neuston net 2023-08-05 1959.0 42.96740 -70.63102 9
110 neuston net 2023-08-12 2130.0 42.99249 -70.61990 21
112 neuston net 2024-06-08 1918.0 42.99287 -70.62122 20
113 neuston net 2024-06-08 1927.0 42.99277 -70.62130 19
114 neuston net 2024-06-08 1935.0 42.99378 -70.62018 17
115 neuston net 2024-06-12 1925.0 42.99127 -70.62093 20
116 neuston net 2024-06-12 1937.0 42.99437 -70.62153 17
117 neuston net 2024-06-12 1946.0 42.99622 -70.62093 18
118 neuston net 2024-06-19 2017.0 42.99278 -70.62115 21
119 neuston net 2024-06-19 2027.0 42.99373 -70.61863 13
120 neuston net 2024-06-19 2036.0 42.99347 -70.62193 16
121 neuston net 2024-06-26 1927.0 42.99272 -70.62177 19
122 neuston net 2024-06-26 1936.0 42.99262 -70.62098 17
123 neuston net 2024-06-26 1945.0 42.99272 -70.62057 14
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 1500.0 43.06795 -70.71301 3
125 neuston net 2024-07-03 2136.0 42.99327 -70.62178 NA
126 neuston net 2024-07-03 2146.0 42.99247 -70.62177 NA
127 neuston net 2024-07-03 2155.0 42.99448 -70.62017 NA
131 neuston net 2024-07-10 1938.0 42.99283 -70.62177 19
132 neuston net 2024-07-10 1950.0 42.99445 -70.62242 15
133 neuston net 2024-07-10 1959.0 42.99570 -70.61868 17
134 neuston net 2024-07-17 1924.0 42.99498 -70.62120 15
135 neuston net 2024-07-17 1933.0 42.99510 -70.61792 18
136 neuston net 2024-07-17 1942.0 42.99375 -70.61915 16
137 neuston net 2024-07-31 1931.0 42.99318 -70.61887 11
138 neuston net 2024-07-31 1940.0 42.99340 -70.61998 14
139 neuston net 2024-07-31 1949.0 42.99355 -70.62107 13
140 neuston net 2024-08-07 1926.0 42.99322 -70.62175 20
141 neuston net 2024-08-07 1935.0 42.99280 -70.62168 19
142 neuston net 2024-08-07 1943.0 42.99367 -70.62002 18
143 neuston net 2025-05-31 1912.0 42.98970 -70.60717 30
144 neuston net 2025-05-31 1923.0 42.98948 -70.60600 30
145 neuston net 2025-05-31 1932.0 42.99035 -70.60747 21
146 neuston net 2025-06-04 1929.0 42.98323 -70.61787 16
147 neuston net 2025-06-04 1945.0 42.98783 -70.60662 22
148 neuston net 2025-06-04 1958.0 42.98547 -70.60540 30
150 neuston net 2025-06-11 1933.0 42.98330 -70.61803 14
151 neuston net 2025-06-11 1948.0 42.98563 -70.60595 27
152 neuston net 2025-06-11 2000.0 42.98308 -70.61725 14
153 neuston net 2025-06-18 1929.0 42.98362 -70.61748 14
154 neuston net 2025-06-18 1943.0 42.98568 -70.60622 31
155 neuston net 2025-06-18 1954.0 42.98567 -70.60342 27
168 neuston net 2025-06-25 1931.0 42.98343 -70.61727 13
169 neuston net 2025-06-25 1945.0 42.98518 -70.60775 24
170 neuston net 2025-06-25 1959.0 42.98292 -70.61593 13
187 neuston net 2025-07-02 1924.0 42.98365 -70.61827 16
188 neuston net 2025-07-02 1937.0 42.98557 -70.60778 24
189 neuston net 2025-07-02 1946.0 42.98532 -70.60800 21
192 beach seine 2025-07-11 1600.0 43.06795 -70.71301 3
197 neuston net 2025-07-23 1925.0 42.98404 -70.61908 12
198 neuston net 2025-07-23 1936.0 42.98595 -70.60818 19
199 neuston net 2025-07-23 1948.0 42.98600 -70.60823 13
201 neuston net 2025-08-06 1926.0 42.98364 -70.61782 14
202 neuston net 2025-08-06 1937.0 42.98487 -70.60860 10
203 neuston net 2025-08-06 1949.0 42.98661 -70.60718 23
Fish catches by gear type (neuston net near the Isles of Shoals; beach seine in the mouth of the Piscataqua River) during the summers of 2021-2024.
Event Gear Date Species Count
25 neuston net 2021-06-19 hake/rockling 2
26 neuston net 2021-06-19 hake/rockling 1
33 beach seine 2021-06-24 herring 4
33 beach seine 2021-06-24 rainbow smelt 2
33 beach seine 2021-06-24 sandlance 16
43 neuston net 2022-06-07 red/white hake 1
44 neuston net 2022-06-11 hake/rockling 1
49 neuston net 2022-06-16 hake/rockling 1
50 neuston net 2022-06-16 hake/rockling 1
51 neuston net 2022-06-21 hake/rockling 18
51 neuston net 2022-06-21 three-spined stickleback 1
52 neuston net 2022-06-21 hake/rockling 15
53 neuston net 2022-06-21 hake/rockling 3
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 herring 7
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 rainbow smelt 2
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 sandlance 2000
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 red/white hake 1
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 emerald shiner 1
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 lumpfish 1
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 northern pipefish 1
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 pollock 1
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 stickleback 1
54 beach seine 2022-06-23 tomcod 4
55 neuston net 2022-07-02 hake/rockling 23
55 neuston net 2022-07-02 cunner 2
55 neuston net 2022-07-02 daubed shanny 1
56 neuston net 2022-07-02 hake/rockling 12
57 neuston net 2022-07-02 hake/rockling 22
59 neuston net 2022-07-11 hake/rockling 32
59 neuston net 2022-07-11 cunner 36
59 neuston net 2022-07-11 mackerel 6
66 neuston net 2022-07-23 hake/rockling 6
66 neuston net 2022-07-23 mackerel 14
67 neuston net 2022-07-23 hake/rockling 15
67 neuston net 2022-07-23 cunner 1
68 neuston net 2022-07-23 hake/rockling 8
68 neuston net 2022-07-23 mackerel 2
80 neuston net 2023-07-01 red/white hake 3
81 neuston net 2023-07-01 red/white hake 1
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 herring 60
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 rainbow smelt 3
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 sandlance 23
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 three-spined stickleback 13
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 northern pipefish 2
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 pollock 7
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 tomcod 65
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 cunner 1
82 beach seine 2023-07-07 winter flounder 1
89 neuston net 2023-07-15 fourbeard rockling 1
90 neuston net 2023-07-15 fourbeard rockling 5
95 neuston net 2023-07-26 fourbeard rockling 1
100 neuston net 2023-07-29 hake/rockling 3
100 neuston net 2023-07-29 fourbeard rockling 2
101 neuston net 2023-07-29 hake/rockling 3
101 neuston net 2023-07-29 northern pipefish 1
101 neuston net 2023-07-29 fourbeard rockling 2
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 rainbow smelt 17
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 northern pipefish 11
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 pollock 4
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 stickleback 16
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 tomcod 22
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 cunner 10
105 beach seine 2023-08-05 sculpin 4
106 neuston net 2023-08-05 fourbeard rockling 2
107 neuston net 2023-08-05 fourbeard rockling 2
108 neuston net 2023-08-05 fourbeard rockling 1
110 neuston net 2023-08-12 red/white hake 6
110 neuston net 2023-08-12 fourbeard rockling 2
112 neuston net 2024-06-08 red/white hake 2
112 neuston net 2024-06-08 lumpfish 1
113 neuston net 2024-06-08 red/white hake 2
115 neuston net 2024-06-12 red/white hake 1
119 neuston net 2024-06-19 red/white hake 1
120 neuston net 2024-06-19 fourbeard rockling 1
121 neuston net 2024-06-26 red/white hake 4
122 neuston net 2024-06-26 stickleback 1
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 herring 45
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 rainbow smelt 126
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 sandlance 552
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 northern pipefish 1
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 pollock 1
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 tomcod 27
124 beach seine 2024-07-03 sculpin 2
126 neuston net 2024-07-03 fourbeard rockling 2
131 neuston net 2024-07-10 red/white hake 1
135 neuston net 2024-07-17 red/white hake 1
136 neuston net 2024-07-17 fourbeard rockling 1
144 neuston net 2025-05-31 lumpfish 1
145 neuston net 2025-05-31 daubed shanny 1
150 neuston net 2025-06-11 stickleback 1
150 neuston net 2025-06-11 fourbeard rockling 3
152 neuston net 2025-06-11 daubed shanny 1
153 neuston net 2025-06-18 fourbeard rockling 2
154 neuston net 2025-06-18 fourbeard rockling 1
155 neuston net 2025-06-18 fourbeard rockling 3
168 neuston net 2025-06-25 fourbeard rockling 1
187 neuston net 2025-07-02 fourbeard rockling 1
188 neuston net 2025-07-02 fourbeard rockling 5
189 neuston net 2025-07-02 stickleback 1
189 neuston net 2025-07-02 fourbeard rockling 1
192 beach seine 2025-07-11 herring 159
192 beach seine 2025-07-11 rainbow smelt 13
192 beach seine 2025-07-11 sandlance 383
198 neuston net 2025-07-23 fourbeard rockling 1
201 neuston net 2025-08-06 red/white hake 2
202 neuston net 2025-08-06 red/white hake 1
203 neuston net 2025-08-06 stickleback 1
Fish total lengths (mm) by gear type (neuston net near the Isles of Shoals; beach seine in the mouth of the Piscataqua River) during the summers of 2021-2024.
Event Gear Species Total length (mm) Count
55 neuston net cunner 8 1
55 neuston net cunner 8 1
59 neuston net cunner 12 1
59 neuston net cunner 12 1
59 neuston net cunner 10 1
59 neuston net cunner 11 1
59 neuston net cunner 8 1
59 neuston net cunner 7 1
59 neuston net cunner 10 1
59 neuston net cunner 12 1
59 neuston net cunner 9 1
59 neuston net cunner 11 1
59 neuston net cunner 14 1
59 neuston net cunner 10 1
59 neuston net cunner 15 1
59 neuston net cunner 8 1
59 neuston net cunner 14 1
59 neuston net cunner 10 1
59 neuston net cunner 14 1
59 neuston net cunner 13 1
66 neuston net cunner 10 1
66 neuston net cunner 8 1
66 neuston net cunner 11 1
66 neuston net cunner 9 1
66 neuston net cunner 12 1
66 neuston net cunner 9 1
66 neuston net cunner 10 1
66 neuston net cunner 9 1
66 neuston net cunner 11 1
66 neuston net cunner 10 1
66 neuston net cunner 8 1
66 neuston net cunner 10 1
66 neuston net cunner 11 1
67 neuston net cunner 12 1
105 beach seine cunner 30 1
105 beach seine cunner 28 1
105 beach seine cunner 30 1
105 beach seine cunner 25 1
105 beach seine cunner 27 1
105 beach seine cunner 27 1
105 beach seine cunner 27 1
105 beach seine cunner 15 1
105 beach seine cunner 22 1
105 beach seine cunner 21 1
55 neuston net daubed shanny 11 1
145 neuston net daubed shanny 5 1
152 neuston net daubed shanny 11 1
54 beach seine emerald shiner 110 1
83 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
83 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
83 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
83 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
84 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
125 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 4 1
131 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 5 1
132 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 3 1
132 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 4 1
132 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 3 1
132 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 4 1
132 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
133 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 5 1
133 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 5 1
133 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 5 1
135 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 4 1
135 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 3 1
135 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
135 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 1 1
135 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
137 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 3 1
137 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 2 1
142 neuston net fish larvae unidentified 1 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 9 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 9 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 7 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 9 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 12 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 9 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 12 1
58 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
60 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
60 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
60 neuston net fish unidentified 15 1
60 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 15 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 12 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 12 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 12 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 12 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 13 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 9 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 9 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 7 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 14 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 11 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 10 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 16 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 12 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 15 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 9 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 8 1
65 neuston net fish unidentified 16 1
105 beach seine flatfish unidentified 55 1
105 beach seine flatfish unidentified 120 1
105 beach seine flatfish unidentified 41 1
105 beach seine flatfish unidentified 106 1
124 beach seine flatfish unidentified 37 1
124 beach seine flatfish unidentified 100 1
89 neuston net fourbeard rockling 14 1
90 neuston net fourbeard rockling 21 1
90 neuston net fourbeard rockling 20 1
90 neuston net fourbeard rockling 16 1
90 neuston net fourbeard rockling 17 1
90 neuston net fourbeard rockling 17 1
95 neuston net fourbeard rockling 15 1
100 neuston net fourbeard rockling 31 1
100 neuston net fourbeard rockling 13 1
101 neuston net fourbeard rockling 23 1
101 neuston net fourbeard rockling 21 1
106 neuston net fourbeard rockling 19 1
106 neuston net fourbeard rockling 16 1
107 neuston net fourbeard rockling 15 1
107 neuston net fourbeard rockling 19 1
108 neuston net fourbeard rockling 11 1
110 neuston net fourbeard rockling 36 1
110 neuston net fourbeard rockling 31 1
120 neuston net fourbeard rockling 13 1
126 neuston net fourbeard rockling 17 1
126 neuston net fourbeard rockling 19 1
135 neuston net fourbeard rockling 14 1
150 neuston net fourbeard rockling 10 1
150 neuston net fourbeard rockling 7 1
150 neuston net fourbeard rockling 9 1
153 neuston net fourbeard rockling 9 1
153 neuston net fourbeard rockling 10 1
154 neuston net fourbeard rockling 13 1
155 neuston net fourbeard rockling 11 1
155 neuston net fourbeard rockling 11 1
155 neuston net fourbeard rockling 11 1
168 neuston net fourbeard rockling 12 1
187 neuston net fourbeard rockling 17 1
188 neuston net fourbeard rockling 18 1
188 neuston net fourbeard rockling 11 1
188 neuston net fourbeard rockling 12 1
188 neuston net fourbeard rockling 5 1
188 neuston net fourbeard rockling 12 1
189 neuston net fourbeard rockling 15 1
198 neuston net fourbeard rockling 9 1
25 neuston net hake/rockling 32 1
25 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
26 neuston net hake/rockling 35 1
44 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
49 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
50 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 13 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 13 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 13 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 14 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 14 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 14 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 15 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 15 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 15 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 16 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 17 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 17 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 18 1
51 neuston net hake/rockling 20 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 13 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 13 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 14 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 14 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 15 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 15 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 16 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 16 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 18 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 23 1
53 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
53 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
53 neuston net hake/rockling 16 1
52 neuston net hake/rockling 28 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 5 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
55 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
56 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 5 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
57 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 13 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 19 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 11 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 13 1
59 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
66 neuston net hake/rockling 14 1
66 neuston net hake/rockling 17 1
66 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
66 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
66 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
66 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 7 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
67 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 6 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 14 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
68 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
100 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
100 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
100 neuston net hake/rockling 10 1
101 neuston net hake/rockling 9 1
101 neuston net hake/rockling 8 1
101 neuston net hake/rockling 12 1
33 beach seine herring 40 1
33 beach seine herring 40 1
33 beach seine herring 40 1
33 beach seine herring 40 1
33 beach seine herring 42 1
54 beach seine herring 80 1
54 beach seine herring 92 1
54 beach seine herring 90 1
54 beach seine herring 110 1
54 beach seine herring 80 1
54 beach seine herring 100 1
54 beach seine herring 97 1
82 beach seine herring 48 1
82 beach seine herring 55 1
82 beach seine herring 51 1
82 beach seine herring 55 1
82 beach seine herring 110 1
82 beach seine herring 86 1
82 beach seine herring 79 1
82 beach seine herring 70 1
82 beach seine herring 78 1
82 beach seine herring 85 1
82 beach seine herring 75 1
82 beach seine herring 82 1
82 beach seine herring 77 1
82 beach seine herring 75 1
82 beach seine herring 82 1
82 beach seine herring 72 1
82 beach seine herring 77 1
82 beach seine herring 76 1
82 beach seine herring 77 1
82 beach seine herring 73 1
82 beach seine herring 74 1
82 beach seine herring 82 1
82 beach seine herring 85 1
82 beach seine herring 75 1
82 beach seine herring 73 1
82 beach seine herring 75 1
82 beach seine herring 40 1
82 beach seine herring 37 1
82 beach seine herring 40 1
82 beach seine herring 55 1
82 beach seine herring 48 1
82 beach seine herring 39 1
82 beach seine herring 55 1
82 beach seine herring 48 1
82 beach seine herring 39 1
82 beach seine herring 55 1
82 beach seine herring 45 1
82 beach seine herring 47 1
82 beach seine herring 52 1
82 beach seine herring 38 1
82 beach seine herring 50 1
82 beach seine herring 40 1
82 beach seine herring 45 1
82 beach seine herring 47 1
82 beach seine herring 47 1
82 beach seine herring 50 1
82 beach seine herring 45 1
82 beach seine herring 50 1
82 beach seine herring 35 1
82 beach seine herring 60 1
82 beach seine herring 40 1
82 beach seine herring 40 1
82 beach seine herring 40 1
82 beach seine herring 40 1
82 beach seine herring 45 1
82 beach seine herring 80 1
82 beach seine herring 80 1
82 beach seine herring 80 1
82 beach seine herring 70 1
82 beach seine herring 80 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 74 1
124 beach seine herring 67 1
124 beach seine herring 77 1
124 beach seine herring 78 1
124 beach seine herring 71 1
124 beach seine herring 71 1
124 beach seine herring 67 1
124 beach seine herring 75 1
124 beach seine herring 67 1
124 beach seine herring 53 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 77 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 72 1
124 beach seine herring 67 1
124 beach seine herring 63 1
124 beach seine herring 67 1
124 beach seine herring 75 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 73 1
124 beach seine herring 53 1
124 beach seine herring 62 1
124 beach seine herring 62 1
124 beach seine herring 61 1
124 beach seine herring 73 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
124 beach seine herring 53 1
124 beach seine herring 50 1
124 beach seine herring 48 1
124 beach seine herring 65 1
124 beach seine herring 42 1
124 beach seine herring 75 1
124 beach seine herring 77 1
124 beach seine herring 70 1
192 beach seine herring 90 1
192 beach seine herring 95 1
192 beach seine herring 95 1
192 beach seine herring 95 1
192 beach seine herring 100 1
192 beach seine herring 90 1
192 beach seine herring 92 1
192 beach seine herring 83 1
192 beach seine herring 85 1
192 beach seine herring 97 1
192 beach seine herring 100 1
192 beach seine herring 97 1
192 beach seine herring 96 1
192 beach seine herring 95 1
192 beach seine herring 95 1
192 beach seine herring 97 1
192 beach seine herring 92 1
192 beach seine herring 94 1
192 beach seine herring 84 1
192 beach seine herring 85 1
192 beach seine herring 97 1
192 beach seine herring 86 1
192 beach seine herring 87 1
192 beach seine herring 93 1
192 beach seine herring 75 1
192 beach seine herring 91 1
192 beach seine herring 100 1
192 beach seine herring 95 1
192 beach seine herring 91 1
192 beach seine herring 98 1
192 beach seine herring 84 1
192 beach seine herring 95 1
192 beach seine herring 94 1
192 beach seine herring 92 1
54 beach seine lumpfish 80 1
112 neuston net lumpfish 5 1
144 neuston net lumpfish 7 1
59 neuston net mackerel 8 1
59 neuston net mackerel 8 1
68 neuston net mackerel 10 1
68 neuston net mackerel 10 1
54 beach seine northern pipefish 130 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 100 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 170 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 111 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 68 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 73 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 145 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 170 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 155 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 76 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 181 1
105 beach seine northern pipefish 114 1
124 beach seine northern pipefish 167 1
54 beach seine pollock 85 1
82 beach seine pollock 90 1
82 beach seine pollock 60 1
82 beach seine pollock 90 1
82 beach seine pollock 100 1
82 beach seine pollock 90 1
82 beach seine pollock 105 1
82 beach seine pollock 105 1
105 beach seine pollock 100 1
105 beach seine pollock 102 1
105 beach seine pollock 98 1
105 beach seine pollock 101 1
124 beach seine pollock 75 1
125 neuston net radiated shanny 12 1
33 beach seine rainbow smelt 30 1
33 beach seine rainbow smelt 30 1
54 beach seine rainbow smelt 108 1
54 beach seine rainbow smelt 135 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 62 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 44 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 34 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 35 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 23 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 51 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 55 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 55 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 60 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 36 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 64 1
105 beach seine rainbow smelt 55 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 44 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 51 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 48 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 39 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 52 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 44 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 41 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 42 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 46 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 46 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 46 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 44 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 55 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 43 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 48 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 44 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 49 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 53 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 46 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 46 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 41 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 30 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 41 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 46 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 35 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 38 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 42 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 37 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 47 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 49 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 48 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 53 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 47 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 43 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 55 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 49 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 37 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 48 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 43 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 35 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 35 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 33 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 43 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 32 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 42 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 35 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 48 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 40 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 42 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 41 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 47 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 50 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 59 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 42 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 32 1
124 beach seine rainbow smelt 57 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 151 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 41 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 56 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 43 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 45 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 42 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 41 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 54 1
192 beach seine rainbow smelt 49 1
43 neuston net red/white hake 8 1
54 beach seine red/white hake 60 1
54 beach seine red/white hake 63 1
80 neuston net red/white hake 19 1
80 neuston net red/white hake 11 1
80 neuston net red/white hake 11 1
81 neuston net red/white hake 15 1
110 neuston net red/white hake 19 1
110 neuston net red/white hake 21 1
110 neuston net red/white hake 10 1
110 neuston net red/white hake 11 1
110 neuston net red/white hake 15 1
110 neuston net red/white hake 18 1
112 neuston net red/white hake 7 1
112 neuston net red/white hake 6 1
113 neuston net red/white hake 6 1
113 neuston net red/white hake 6 1
115 neuston net red/white hake 3 1
119 neuston net red/white hake 8 1
121 neuston net red/white hake 8 1
121 neuston net red/white hake 8 1
121 neuston net red/white hake 9 1
121 neuston net red/white hake 9 1
131 neuston net red/white hake 9 1
135 neuston net red/white hake 11 1
135 neuston net red/white hake 11 1
135 neuston net red/white hake 12 1
201 neuston net red/white hake 33 1
201 neuston net red/white hake 24 1
202 neuston net red/white hake 35 1
192 beach seine rock gunnel 35 1
33 beach seine sandlance 45 1
33 beach seine sandlance 50 1
33 beach seine sandlance 50 1
33 beach seine sandlance 52 1
33 beach seine sandlance 60 1
33 beach seine sandlance 60 1
33 beach seine sandlance 60 1
33 beach seine sandlance 60 1
33 beach seine sandlance 60 1
33 beach seine sandlance 68 1
33 beach seine sandlance 68 1
33 beach seine sandlance 70 1
33 beach seine sandlance 70 1
33 beach seine sandlance 70 1
33 beach seine sandlance 70 1
33 beach seine sandlance 70 1
54 beach seine sandlance 47 1
54 beach seine sandlance 58 1
54 beach seine sandlance 51 1
54 beach seine sandlance 55 1
54 beach seine sandlance 64 1
54 beach seine sandlance 48 1
54 beach seine sandlance 60 1
54 beach seine sandlance 72 1
54 beach seine sandlance 57 1
54 beach seine sandlance 56 1
54 beach seine sandlance 60 1
54 beach seine sandlance 67 1
54 beach seine sandlance 54 1
54 beach seine sandlance 58 1
54 beach seine sandlance 63 1
54 beach seine sandlance 60 1
54 beach seine sandlance 57 1
54 beach seine sandlance 55 1
54 beach seine sandlance 60 1
54 beach seine sandlance 60 1
54 beach seine sandlance 61 1
54 beach seine sandlance 48 1
54 beach seine sandlance 64 1
54 beach seine sandlance 58 1
54 beach seine sandlance 52 1
54 beach seine sandlance 70 1
54 beach seine sandlance 58 1
54 beach seine sandlance 58 1
54 beach seine sandlance 65 1
54 beach seine sandlance 58 1
54 beach seine sandlance 49 1
54 beach seine sandlance 43 1
82 beach seine sandlance 75 1
82 beach seine sandlance 90 1
82 beach seine sandlance 52 1
82 beach seine sandlance 73 1
82 beach seine sandlance 75 1
82 beach seine sandlance 76 1
82 beach seine sandlance 77 1
82 beach seine sandlance 80 1
82 beach seine sandlance 75 1
82 beach seine sandlance 80 1
82 beach seine sandlance 76 1
82 beach seine sandlance 80 1
82 beach seine sandlance 72 1
82 beach seine sandlance 85 1
82 beach seine sandlance 87 1
82 beach seine sandlance 80 1
82 beach seine sandlance 84 1
82 beach seine sandlance 90 1
82 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 86 1
124 beach seine sandlance 85 1
124 beach seine sandlance 76 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 70 1
124 beach seine sandlance 71 1
124 beach seine sandlance 69 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 72 1
124 beach seine sandlance 66 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 85 1
124 beach seine sandlance 64 1
124 beach seine sandlance 60 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 65 1
124 beach seine sandlance 70 1
124 beach seine sandlance 72 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 74 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 70 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 60 1
124 beach seine sandlance 83 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 65 1
124 beach seine sandlance 69 1
124 beach seine sandlance 60 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 73 1
124 beach seine sandlance 67 1
124 beach seine sandlance 79 1
124 beach seine sandlance 72 1
124 beach seine sandlance 67 1
124 beach seine sandlance 69 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 73 1
124 beach seine sandlance 92 1
124 beach seine sandlance 78 1
124 beach seine sandlance 85 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 78 1
124 beach seine sandlance 72 1
124 beach seine sandlance 85 1
124 beach seine sandlance 86 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 81 1
124 beach seine sandlance 79 1
124 beach seine sandlance 73 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 81 1
124 beach seine sandlance 70 1
124 beach seine sandlance 68 1
124 beach seine sandlance 72 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 60 1
124 beach seine sandlance 76 1
124 beach seine sandlance 83 1
124 beach seine sandlance 71 1
124 beach seine sandlance 89 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 70 1
124 beach seine sandlance 68 1
124 beach seine sandlance 65 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 81 1
124 beach seine sandlance 74 1
124 beach seine sandlance 71 1
124 beach seine sandlance 60 1
124 beach seine sandlance 70 1
124 beach seine sandlance 62 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 69 1
124 beach seine sandlance 71 1
124 beach seine sandlance 77 1
124 beach seine sandlance 81 1
124 beach seine sandlance 80 1
124 beach seine sandlance 82 1
124 beach seine sandlance 61 1
124 beach seine sandlance 75 1
124 beach seine sandlance 90 1
124 beach seine sandlance 82 1
124 beach seine sandlance 79 1
124 beach seine sandlance 79 1
124 beach seine sandlance 68 1
124 beach seine sandlance 72 1
192 beach seine sandlance 60 1
192 beach seine sandlance 64 1
192 beach seine sandlance 70 1
192 beach seine sandlance 65 1
192 beach seine sandlance 77 1
192 beach seine sandlance 62 1
192 beach seine sandlance 63 1
192 beach seine sandlance 64 1
192 beach seine sandlance 74 1
192 beach seine sandlance 78 1
192 beach seine sandlance 62 1
192 beach seine sandlance 79 1
192 beach seine sandlance 80 1
192 beach seine sandlance 63 1
192 beach seine sandlance 81 1
192 beach seine sandlance 78 1
192 beach seine sandlance 86 1
192 beach seine sandlance 83 1
192 beach seine sandlance 75 1
192 beach seine sandlance 60 1
192 beach seine sandlance 68 1
192 beach seine sandlance 65 1
192 beach seine sandlance 53 1
192 beach seine sandlance 64 1
192 beach seine sandlance 85 1
192 beach seine sandlance 57 1
192 beach seine sandlance 73 1
192 beach seine sandlance 62 1
192 beach seine sandlance 55 1
192 beach seine sandlance 83 1
192 beach seine sandlance 71 1
192 beach seine sandlance 82 1
192 beach seine sandlance 80 1
192 beach seine sandlance 75 1
192 beach seine sandlance 73 1
192 beach seine sandlance 82 1
192 beach seine sandlance 75 1
192 beach seine sandlance 76 1
192 beach seine sandlance 45 1
192 beach seine sandlance 84 1
192 beach seine sandlance 74 1
192 beach seine sandlance 71 1
192 beach seine sandlance 59 1
192 beach seine sandlance 84 1
192 beach seine sandlance 69 1
105 beach seine sculpin 45 1
105 beach seine sculpin 54 1
105 beach seine sculpin 47 1
105 beach seine sculpin 44 1
124 beach seine sculpin 55 1
54 beach seine stickleback 40 1
105 beach seine stickleback 45 1
105 beach seine stickleback 34 1
105 beach seine stickleback 35 1
105 beach seine stickleback 44 1
105 beach seine stickleback 36 1
105 beach seine stickleback 35 1
105 beach seine stickleback 46 1
105 beach seine stickleback 55 1
105 beach seine stickleback 39 1
105 beach seine stickleback 36 1
105 beach seine stickleback 48 1
105 beach seine stickleback 37 1
105 beach seine stickleback 49 1
105 beach seine stickleback 45 1
105 beach seine stickleback 35 1
105 beach seine stickleback 46 1
122 neuston net stickleback 25 1
150 neuston net stickleback 22 1
189 neuston net stickleback 12 1
203 neuston net stickleback 20 1
51 neuston net three-spined stickleback 28 1
54 beach seine tomcod 210 1
54 beach seine tomcod 95 1
54 beach seine tomcod 90 1
54 beach seine tomcod 80 1
82 beach seine tomcod 55 1
82 beach seine tomcod 75 1
82 beach seine tomcod 85 1
82 beach seine tomcod 101 1
82 beach seine tomcod 80 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 100 1
82 beach seine tomcod 100 1
82 beach seine tomcod 130 1
82 beach seine tomcod 85 1
82 beach seine tomcod 100 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 100 1
82 beach seine tomcod 85 1
82 beach seine tomcod 100 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 98 1
82 beach seine tomcod 85 1
82 beach seine tomcod 70 1
82 beach seine tomcod 90 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 90 1
82 beach seine tomcod 82 1
82 beach seine tomcod 80 1
82 beach seine tomcod 97 1
82 beach seine tomcod 80 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 90 1
82 beach seine tomcod 90 1
82 beach seine tomcod 100 1
82 beach seine tomcod 85 1
82 beach seine tomcod 100 1
82 beach seine tomcod 98 1
82 beach seine tomcod 75 1
82 beach seine tomcod 87 1
82 beach seine tomcod 95 1
82 beach seine tomcod 72 1
82 beach seine tomcod 92 1
82 beach seine tomcod 120 1
82 beach seine tomcod 90 1
82 beach seine tomcod 90 1
82 beach seine tomcod 87 1
105 beach seine tomcod 43 1
105 beach seine tomcod 105 1
105 beach seine tomcod 90 1
105 beach seine tomcod 110 1
105 beach seine tomcod 105 1
105 beach seine tomcod 110 1
105 beach seine tomcod 110 1
105 beach seine tomcod 75 1
105 beach seine tomcod 115 1
105 beach seine tomcod 135 1
105 beach seine tomcod 100 1
105 beach seine tomcod 105 1
105 beach seine tomcod 102 1
105 beach seine tomcod 145 1
105 beach seine tomcod 156 1
105 beach seine tomcod 97 1
105 beach seine tomcod 104 1
105 beach seine tomcod 134 1
105 beach seine tomcod 119 1
105 beach seine tomcod 109 1
105 beach seine tomcod 104 1
105 beach seine tomcod 103 1
124 beach seine tomcod 80 1
124 beach seine tomcod 80 1
124 beach seine tomcod 85 1
124 beach seine tomcod 80 1
124 beach seine tomcod 70 1
124 beach seine tomcod 85 1
124 beach seine tomcod 79 1
124 beach seine tomcod 80 1
124 beach seine tomcod 87 1
124 beach seine tomcod 72 1
124 beach seine tomcod 90 1
124 beach seine tomcod 95 1
124 beach seine tomcod 100 1
124 beach seine tomcod 93 1
124 beach seine tomcod 88 1
124 beach seine tomcod 71 1
124 beach seine tomcod 91 1
124 beach seine tomcod 90 1
124 beach seine tomcod 45 1
124 beach seine tomcod 35 1
124 beach seine tomcod 105 1
124 beach seine tomcod 90 1
124 beach seine tomcod 72 1
124 beach seine tomcod 82 1
124 beach seine tomcod 85 1
124 beach seine tomcod 85 1
124 beach seine tomcod 9 1

References

Bigelow, Henry Bryant, and William C. Schroeder. 1953. “Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, by Henry b. Bigelow and William c. Schroeder.” https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6865.
Fahay, M P. 1983. “Guide to the Early Stages of Marine Fishes Occurring in the Western North Atlantic Ocean, Cape Hatteras to the Southern Scotian Shelf.” Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science 4 (July): 3–423. https://doi.org/10.2960/j.v4.a1.
Marancik, Katrin E., David E. Richardson, and Małgorzata Konieczna. 2020. “Updated Morphological Descriptions of the Larval Stage of Urophycis (Family: Phycidae) from the Northeast United States Continental Shelf.” Copeia 108 (1): 83. https://doi.org/10.1643/cg-19-219.
Sigler, MF, DJ Tollit, JJ Vollenweider, JF Thedinga, DJ Csepp, JN Womble, MA Wong, MJ Rehberg, and AW Trites. 2009. “Steller Sea Lion Foraging Response to Seasonal Changes in Prey Availability.” Marine Ecology Progress Series 388 (August): 243–61. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08144.
Steiner, WW, JJ Luczkovich, and BL Olla. 1982. “Activity, Shelter Usage, Growth and Recruitment of Juvenile Red Hake Urophycis Chuss.” Marine Ecology Progress Series 7: 125–35. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps007125.

Footnotes

  1. Veo, J., Berube, J., Bogomolni, A., Lysiak, N. and Sette, L. 2022. Characterizing the diet of stranded harbor seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) in the Gulf of Maine. Presentation to the Shoals Marine Laboratory class “Marine Ecosystem Research and Management”.↩︎

  2. Johnson, S.W., Murphy, M.L., Csepp, D.J., Harris, P.M. and Thedinga, J.F. 2003. A survey of fish assemblages in eelgrass and kelp habitats of southeastern Alaska. US Dept Commerce, NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-139, 39 p. link↩︎

  3. New Hampshire Fish and Game Department. 2022. Estuarine survey of juvenile finfish. link↩︎