nombre=c("Juan", "Alberto", "Maria", "José")
apellido=c("Fabrega","Aparicio","Vasques","Martinez")
Edad=c(40,20,50,10)
df=data.frame(nombre=nombre,apellido=apellido,Edad=Edad)
df## nombre apellido Edad
## 1 Juan Fabrega 40
## 2 Alberto Aparicio 20
## 3 Maria Vasques 50
## 4 José Martinez 10summary(df)## nombre apellido Edad
## Length:4 Length:4 Min. :10.0
## Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:17.5
## Mode :character Mode :character Median :30.0
## Mean :30.0
## 3rd Qu.:42.5
## Max. :50.0str(df)## 'data.frame': 4 obs. of 3 variables:
## $ nombre : chr "Juan" "Alberto" "Maria" "José"
## $ apellido: chr "Fabrega" "Aparicio" "Vasques" "Martinez"
## $ Edad : num 40 20 50 10df$nombre #Para sacar una columna en especifico usar el signo de dolar## [1] "Juan" "Alberto" "Maria" "José"dim(df)## [1] 4 3df=read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PedroGonzalezBeermann2020/QM215-2025/refs/heads/main/DimensionsUnachi.csv")
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## Title
## 1 Three new species of Xiphocentron Brauer, 1870 (Trichoptera, Xiphocentronidae) from Mexico
## 2 The Trichoptera of Panama. XIX. Additions to and a review of the genus Leucotrichia (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Panama
## 3 A new rainfrog of the genus Pristimantis (Anura, Brachycephaloidea) from central and eastern Panama
## 4 Fulfilling the taxonomic consequence after DNA Barcoding: Carychium panamaense sp. n. (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae) from Panama is described using computed tomographic (CT) imaging
## 5 A consolidated phylogeny of snail-eating snakes (Serpentes, Dipsadini), with the description of five new species from Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama
## 6 The Trichoptera of Panama XXII. Sixteen new microcaddisfly species (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae)
## 7 Revised generic placement of Brachypelma embrithes (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936) and Brachypelma angustum Valerio, 1980, with definition of the taxonomic features for identification of female Sericopelma Ausserer, 1875 (Araneae, Theraphosidae)
## 8 A new species of Dipsas (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) from central Panama
## 9 The Brachiacantha Dejean, 1837 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Central America
## 10 A revision of the genus Muricea Lamouroux, 1821 (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the eastern Pacific. Part II
## 11 Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini)
## 12 Description of a new species of the Petrolisthes galathinus complex from the Caribbean Sea, and resurrection of Petrolisthes occidentalis from the East Pacific (Crustacea, Anomura, Porcellanidae)
## 13 A revision of the genus Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean
## 14 Morphological and molecular evidence support the taxonomic separation of the medically important Neotropical spiders Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) and P. boliviensis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) (Araneae, Ctenidae)
## 15 A new species of Oxynetra from Mexico (Hesperiidae, Pyrginae, Pyrrhopygini)
## 16 Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies
## 17 A new golden frog species of the genus Diasporus (Amphibia, Eleutherodactylidae) from the Cordillera Central, western Panama
## 18 Catalog of the Hydroptilidae (Insecta, Trichoptera)
## 19 Contribution to the taxonomy of Mexican Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), with descriptions of five new species
## 20 Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies)
## 21 A revision of the Neotropical species of Bolitogyrus Chevrolat, a geographically disjunct lineage of Staphylinini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
## 22 The soapberry bug, Jadera haematoloma (Insecta, Hemiptera, Rhopalidae): First Asian record, with a review of bionomics
## 23 The taxonomic status of Myotis nesopolus larensis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) and new insights on the diversity of Caribbean Myotis
## 24 A revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Leucotrichia Mosely, 1934 (Hydroptilidae, Leucotrichiinae)
## 25 An updated world checklist of velvet worms (Onychophora) with notes on nomenclature and status of names
## 26 Revision of the Middle American clade of the ant genus Stenamma Westwood (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae)
## 27 Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae)
## Abstract
## 1 Three new species of the genus Xiphocentron (Trichoptera, Xiphocentronidae) are described from Nearctic and Neotropical regions of Mexico. Xiphocentron (Glyphocentron) flinti sp. nov. has a very unique morphology distinguished by the presence of long spines on the preapical and apical margin of tergum X. Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) holzenthali sp. nov. is diagnosed by tergum IX, with the apical margin bearing a narrow, rounded, mesal emargination and by a spiny projection near the basal plate. These species are the first records of the family in northwestern Mexico. Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) pineroi sp. nov. is recognized, when observed in lateral view, by its less elongate genitalia and the sinuous mesal sclerite of the inferior appendage. Additionally, we provide detailed illustrations of Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) rhamnes Schmid, and an updated list of the distribution of the genus Xiphocentron in Mexico.
## 2 Prior to 2016, three species of caddisflies in the genus Leucotrichia (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) were known from Panama. Subsequently, one new species and four new country records were added to Panama's fauna. Herein, four new species are described (Leucotrichiacortadera sp. nov., L.holzenthali sp. nov., L.luma sp. nov., L.ruiteri sp. nov.) and two new country records added for Panama (L.botosaneanui Flint, 1996, L.hispida Thomson & Holzenthal, 2015). The resulting total of 14 species makes Panama the most species-rich country for this genus. Panama's species assemblage is most similar to Costa Rica and Mexico. However, the similarities among faunas in all these countries is very low (< 35%). Thus, more new country records are possible with additional collecting. Recent collections (2015-2021) of new caddisfly species and country records in this genus were effected primarily by use of Malaise traps. Our collections also evidenced multiple species from the same collecting site, with seven species each found in both lowland and mid-altitude sites. Investigation of the distribution of Leucotrichia species with altitude reveals a preference by several species for higher altitude locations. Additional Malaise trap collections over extended time periods are needed to verify the validity of all observations and preliminary conclusions made to date.
## 3 Substantial molecular and morphological character differences lead us to the description of a new species of the genus Pristimantis from the cloud forest of Cerro Chucantí, Maje Mountains, Darien Province, as well as from several other mountain ranges in eastern and central Panama. Pristimantisgretathunbergae sp. nov. is a sister species to the allopatric P.erythropleura-penelopus group from northern Colombia with a mtDNA sequence divergence of > 4.4% at 16S and > 14.6% at COI. Its closest congener in sympatry is P.cruentus that differs by a large sequence divergence of > 9.6% in 16S mtDNA and 19.0% at COI, and from which it differs also by ventral and groin coloration, unusually prominent black eyes, a contrasting light upper lip, commonly a single conical to spine-like tubercle on the upper eyelid, and a larger head. While the habitat continuity at most sites in eastern Panama is moderate, habitats in central Panama are severely fragmented. Cerro Chucantí and the surrounding Maje Mountains are highly threatened by rapid deforestation and replaced by plantations and cattle pastures. Thus, investigations on the ecology of the new species and its population status, especially at the type locality, are highly recommended. As a flagship species, this new frog can help to preserve the Chucantí cloud forest including several recently described species known only from this isolated area in eastern Panama.
## 4 Five years ago, the Panamanian evolutionary lineage (EL) C12 was uncovered along with four other ELs in an integrative phylogenetic investigation of worldwide Carychiidae. Since EL C12 lacked shell material post-molecular analysis to serve as a museum voucher, it remained undescribed. Now, after recent collection efforts of C12 and the congener, Carychiumzarzaae Jochum & Weigand, 2017 at their original Panamanian sites, C12 is morphologically described and formally assigned the name, Carychiumpanamaense Jochum, sp. n. In sync with recent taxonomic treatment of the genus, computed tomography (CT) is used in this work to differentiate shells of C.panamaense sp. n. from geographically-proximal, Caribbean, North and Central American congeners. Recent material of topotypic Carychiumjardineanum (Chitty, 1853) and undamaged C.zarzaae were additionally CT-scanned and assessed in the comparative analyses.
## 5 A molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical snail-eating snakes (tribe Dipsadini Bonaparte, 1838) is presented that includes 60 of the 133 species currently recognized. There is morphological and phylogenetic support for four new species of Sibon Fitzinger, 1826 and one of Dipsas Laurenti, 1768, which are described here based on their unique combination of molecular, meristic, and color pattern characteristics. PlesiodipsasHarvey et al., 2008 is designated as a junior synonym of Dipsas and additional evidence is presented to support the transfer of the genus Geophis Wagler, 1830 to the tribe Dipsadini. Two of the subspecies of S.nebulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) are elevated to full species status. Insight into additional undescribed cryptic diversity within the S.nebulatus species complex is provided. Evidence that supports the existence of an undescribed species previously confused with D.temporalis is provided, as well as the first country record of S.ayerbeorum Vera-Pérez, 2019 in Ecuador with a comment on the ontogenetic variation of the latter. Finally, photographs of Colombian, Ecuadorian, and Panamanian snail-eating snakes are provided.
## 6 Sixteen new species of microcaddisflies (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) from Panama are herein described and illustrated. The majority of these were collected during surveys of Panama's national parks and protected areas during 2017 and 2018, employing both UV and Malaise traps. The new species include: Alisotrichiaeisbergaesp. nov., Angrisanoiabokotasp. nov., Brediniaparaespinosasp. nov., Cerasmatrichiagarfiozasp. nov., Cerasmatrichiaveraguasensissp. nov., Costatrichiacaloveborasp. nov., Metrichiacaloveborasp. nov., Metrichiacascadasp. nov., Metrichiachiriquiensissp. nov., Metrichiaescobillasp. nov., Metrichialeahaesp. nov., Metrichiatatianaesp. nov., Ochrotrichiaconejorejasp. nov., Ochrotrichiaparaflagellatasp. nov., Oxyethirapehrssonaesp. nov., and Zumatrichiaculebrasp. nov. In total, 506 Trichoptera species are now recorded for the Republic of Panama, distributed among 15 families and 56 genera.
## 7 The tarantula genus Sericopelma was originally defined based on male specimens, most notably lacking tibial spurs on leg I. Early female specimens were unrecognised as Sericopelma, and typically placed in Eurypelma - a dumping ground for problem specimens. The first females were only later recognised, but authors failed to adequately define female Sericopelma. Here, the holotypes of the southern-most alleged Brachypelma species, Brachypelma embrithes (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936) and Brachypelma angustum Valerio, 1980 were examined, and finding both to possess defining characteristics of Sericopelma were transferred. The taxonomic attributes to define Sericopelma relative to Brachypelma and select other Neotropical genera are discussed, especially for females. As important diagnostic characters for Sericopelma, the single (unilobar) spermathecae swollen at the apex forming a P-shaped cross-section, metatarsus IV with trace scopula, femur IV with a dense retrolateral pad of plumose hair, plus other attributes. Some past confusion in these characters are clarified and Sericopelma relative to Brachypelma and Megaphobema mesomelas are discussed. Finally recommendations are given about these taxonomic changes for CITES regulations.
## 8 A new species of Dipsas Laurenti, 1768, from Central Panama is described based on molecular analyses, hemipenial morphology, and external characters. This is the sixth species of Dipsas to be described for the country; the snake has been suspected to exist since 1977 and has not been thoroughly studied until now. Additionally, morphological comparations including scale counts are done with other species within the genus, and the current geographic distribution of Dipsastemporalis (Werner, 1909), the sister species, is updated. Finally, a key to the species of Dipsas currently known from Middle America is presented.
## 9 A revision of the Central American species of the genus Brachiacantha was undertaken to update the knowledge of the Central American species of the genus. Material of several collections was reviewed, using original descriptions and keys, and comparing with the type material. Twenty-five species of the genus Brachiacantha were found in Central American material, including nine new species: B. nubes Nestor-Arriola, Toledo-Hernández and Solís, sp. nov., B. dentata Nestor-Arriola, Toledo-Hernández and Solís, sp. nov., B. isthmena Nestor-Arriola, Toledo-Hernández and Solís, sp. nov., B. aurantiapleura Nestor-Arriola, Solís and Toledo-Hernández, sp. nov., B. invertita Nestor-Arriola, Toledo-Hernández and Solís, sp. nov., B. papiliona Nestor-Arriola, Toledo-Hernández and Solís, sp. nov., B. tica Nestor-Arriola, Toledo-Hernández and Solís, sp. nov., B. hexaspina González, Větrovec and Nestor-Arriola, sp. nov., and B. mimica Nestor-Arriola and Toledo-Hernández, sp. nov. Nomenclatural changes include Brachiacantha gorhami (Weise), comb. nov., B. guatemalensis (Gorham), comb. nov., and Brachiacantha duodecimguttata Leng, syn. nov. for B. lepida Mulsant. The male genitalia of the species B. fenestrata Gorhan, B. octostigma Mulsant, B. aperta Weise, and B. cachensis Gorhan are described and illustrated for the first time. New records include B. indubitabilis Crotch and B. bipartita Mulsant (Costa Rica and Guatemala), B. gorhami (Weise) (El Salvador), and B. cachensis Gorham (Panamá). A key to the species is included.
## 10 The species of the genus Muricea were mainly described from 1846 to 1870. After that very few contributions were published. Although the highest richness of Muricea species is in the eastern Pacific shallow waters, a comprehensive systematic study of the genus does not exist. Recently we started a taxonomic review of the genus in order to validate the status of four species previously included in the genus Eumuricea. Herein we present the second part of the Muricea revision dealing with the species-group characterised by shelf-like calyces instead of tubular-like calyces (the Muricea squarrosa-group). Original type material was morphologically analysed and illustrated using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Comparative character tables are provided for the genus. The taxonomic status of the species was analysed and established by designating lectotypes, alternatively by recognising a holotype by monotypy. We conclude that the genus Muricea comprises 20 valid species, including the previous four in the Muricea squarrosa-group. We propose 10 lectotypes, a new combination and three more species groups for the genus based on morphology: the Muricea fruticosa-group, Muricea plantaginea-group and Muricea austera-group.
## 11 Cyclocephaline scarab beetles represent the second largest tribe of the subfamily Dynastinae, and the group includes the most speciose genus of dynastines, Cyclocephala. The period following publication of Sebő Endrődi's The Dynastinae of the World has seen a huge increase in research interest on cyclocephalines, and much of this research has not been synthesized. The objective of this catalog and bibliography is to compile an exhaustive list of taxa in Cyclocephalini. This paper provides an updated foundation for understanding the taxonomy and classification of 14 genera and over 500 species in the tribe. It discusses the history of cataloging dynastine species, clarifies issues surrounding the neotype designations in Endrődi's revision of Cyclocephalini, synthesizes all published distribution data for cyclocephaline species, and increases accessibility to the voluminous literature on the group by providing an easily searchable bibliography for each species. We propose the nomen novum Cyclocephala rogerpauli, new replacement name, for C. nigra Dechambre.
## 12 The Petrolisthesgalathinus complex currently consists of six American species distributed in the West Atlantic, including the amphi-American P.galathinus. All species in the complex are similar in their adult morphology but differ in colour, size, larval morphology, and shape of the adult sternal plate. The West Atlantic species have different geographic ranges, which overlap in the southern Caribbean. Previously published molecular data support the monophyly of the complex, and the reciprocal monophyly of each described species and further clades corresponding to different colour morphs. Here, the morph P.caribensis "Blue" is described as Petrolisthescoeruleussp. nov., and Petrolisthesoccidentalis is formally resurrected for the Pacific individuals of P.galathinus. By adding these two species to the P.galathinus complex, this now consists of eight species. Colour illustrations of all species and colour morphs are provided and their geographic distributions and ecological ranges are discussed and updated.
## 13 The species of the genus Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868 from the shallow waters of the tropical eastern Pacific were mainly described from 1846 to 1870. Very few contributions were published subsequently. Recently, the genus was revisited with the addition of two new species. However, a comprehensive generic study is still missing for the eastern Pacific. Psammogorgia is characterised by having axes cores without mineralisation, mainly coarse irregular spindles and thorny, leafy or tuberculate clubs coenenchymal sclerites and the anthocodial armature with distinct collaret and points arrangements. Herein a taxonomic revision of the genus is presented based on type material which was morphologically analysed and illustrated using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Comparative character tables are provided for comparison among species in the genus, along with a taxonomic key. Moreover, the taxonomic status of each species was analysed. The genus Psammogorgia comprises six valid species and two varieties, and three lectotypes and a new combination are proposed to establish the taxonomic status of these species.
## 14 The species of the genus Phoneutria (Ctenidae), also called banana spiders, are considered amongst the most venomous spiders in the world. In this study we revalidate P. depilata (Strand, 1909), which had been synonymized with P. boliviensisis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897), using morphological and nucleotide sequence data (COI and ITS-2) together with species delimitation methods. We synonymized Ctenus peregrinoides, Strand, 1910 and Phoneutria colombiana Schmidt, 1956 with P. depilata. Furthermore, we designated Ctenus signativenter Strand, 1910 as a nomen dubium because the exact identity of this species cannot be ascertained with immature specimens, but we note that the type locality suggests that the C. signativenter syntypes belong to P. depilata. We also provide species distribution models for both species of Phoneutria and test hypotheses of niche conservatism under an allopatric speciation model. Our phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of the genus Phoneutria and recover P. boliviensis and P. depilata as sister species, although with low nodal support. In addition, the tree-based species delimitation methods also supported the separate identities of these two species. Phoneutria boliviensis and P. depilata present allopatric distributions separated by the Andean mountain system. Species distribution models indicate lowland tropical rain forest ecosystems as the most suitable habitat for these two Phoneutria species. In addition, we demonstrate the value of citizen science platforms like iNaturalist in improving species distribution knowledge based on occurrence records. Phoneutria depilata and P. boliviensis present niche conservatism following the expected neutral model of allopatric speciation. The compiled occurrence records and distribution maps for these two species, together with the morphological diagnosis of both species, will help to identify risk areas of accidental bites and assist health professionals to determine the identity of the species involved in bites, especially for P. depilata.
## 15 Oxynetra aureopectasp. n. is described from the Sierra Madre Oriental of east-central Mexico. Visually similar to Mesoamerican O. hopfferi Staudinger, 1888 in having five orange bands on the abdomen above, it is diagnosed by orange forecoxae and palpi beneath, narrower forewing hyaline bands and a prominent 6% difference in the COI DNA barcode sequence. It is the northernmost representative of the hopfferi species group that also includes O. stangelandi Grishin & Burns, 2013, characterized by a single-banded abdomen and currently known only from the Area de Conservación Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica. Both O. hopfferi and O. stangelandi possess white forecoxae and ventral palpi. This new discovery brings the total number of Oxynetra C. & R. Felder, 1862 species to five.
## 16 The pelidnotine scarabs (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini) are a speciose, paraphyletic assemblage of beetles that includes spectacular metallic species ("jewel scarabs") as well as species that are ecologically important as herbivores, pollinators, and bioindicators. These beetles suffer from a complicated nomenclatural history, due primarily to 20th century taxonomic and nomenclatural errors. We review the taxonomic history of the pelidnotine scarabs, present a provisional key to genera with overviews of all genera, and synthesize a catalog of all taxa with synonyms, distributional data, type specimen information, and 107 images of exemplar species. As a result of our research, the pelidnotine leaf chafers (a paraphyletic group) include 27 (26 extant and 1 extinct) genera and 420 valid species and subspecies (419 extant and 1 extinct). Our research makes biodiversity research on this group tractable and accessible, thus setting the stage for future studies that address evolutionary and ecological trends. Based on our research, 1 new species is described, 1 new generic synonym and 12 new species synonyms are proposed, 11 new lectotypes and 1 new neotype are designated, many new or revised nomenclatural combinations, and many unavailable names are presented. The following taxonomic changes are made: New generic synonym: The genus Heteropelidnota Ohaus, 1912 is a new junior synonym of Pelidnota MacLeay, 1819. New species synonyms: Plusiotis adelaida pavonacea Casey, 1915 is a syn. n. of Chrysina adelaida (Hope, 1841); Odontognathus gounellei Ohaus, 1908 is a revised synonym of Pelidnota ebenina (Blanchard, 1842); Pelidnota francoisgenieri Moore & Jameson, 2013 is a syn. n. of Pelidnota punctata (Linnaeus, 1758); Pelidnota genieri Soula, 2009 is a syn. n. of Pelidnota punctata (Linnaeus, 1758); Pelidnota lutea (Olivier, 1758) is a revised synonym of Pelidnota punctata (Linnaeus, 1758); Pelidnota (Pelidnota) texensis Casey, 1915 is a revised synonym of Pelidnota punctata (Linnaeus, 1758); Pelidnota (Strigidia) zikani (Ohaus, 1922) is a revised synonym of Pelidnota tibialis tibialis Burmeister, 1844; Pelidnota ludovici Ohaus, 1905 is a syn. n. of Pelidnota burmeisteri tricolor Nonfried, 1894; Rutela fulvipennis Germar, 1824 is syn. n. of Pelidnota cuprea (Germar, 1824); Pelidnota pulchella blanda Burmeister, 1844 is a syn. n. of Pelidnota pulchella pulchella (Kirby, 1819); Pelidnota pulchella scapularis Burmeister, 1844 is a syn. n. of Pelidnota pulchella pulchella (Kirby, 1819); Pelidnota xanthogramma Perty, 1830 is a syn. n. of Pelidnota pulchella pulchella (Kirby, 1819). New or revised statuses: Pelidnota fabricelavalettei Soula, 2009, revised status, is considered a species; Pelidnota rioensis Soula, 2009, stat. n., is considered a species; Pelidnota semiaurata semiaurata Burmeister, 1844, stat. rev., is considered a subspecies. New or comb. rev. and revised status: Plusiotis guaymi Curoe, 2001 is formally transferred to the genus Chrysina (C. guaymi (Curoe, 2001), comb. n.); Plusiotis transvolcanica Morón & Nogueira, 2016 is transferred to the genus Chrysina (C. transvolcanica (Morón & Nogueira, 2016), comb. n.). Heteropelidnota kuhnti Ohaus, 1912 is transferred to the genus Pelidnota (P. kuhnti (Ohaus, 1912), comb. n.); Odontognathus riedeli Ohaus, 1905 is considered a subspecies of Pelidnota rubripennis Burmeister, 1844 (Pelidnota rubripennis riedeli (Ohaus, 1905), revised status and comb. rev.); Pelidnota (Strigidia) acutipennis (F. Bates, 1904) is transferred to the genus Sorocha (Sorocha acutipennis (F. Bates, 1904), comb. rev.); Pelidnota (Odontognathus) nadiae Martínez, 1978 is transferred to the genus Sorocha (Sorocha nadiae (Martínez, 1978), comb. rev.); Pelidnota (Ganonota) plicipennis Ohaus, 1934 is transferred to the genus Sorocha (Sorocha plicipennis (Ohaus, 1934), comb. rev.); Pelidnota similis Ohaus, 1908 is transferred to the genus Sorocha (Sorocha similis (Ohaus, 1908), comb. rev.); Pelidnota (Ganonota) yungana Ohaus, 1934 is transferred to Sorocha (Sorocha yungana (Ohaus, 1934), comb. rev.); Pelidnota malyi Soula, 2010: 58, revised status; Xenopelidnota anomala porioni Chalumeau, 1985, revised subspecies status. To stabilize the classification of the group, a neotype is designated for the following species: Pelidnota thiliezi Soula, 2009. Lectotypes are designated for the following names (given in their original combinations): Pelidnota brevicollis Casey, 1915, Pelidnota brevis Casey, 1915, Pelidnota debiliceps Casey, 1915, Pelidnota hudsonica Casey, 1915, Pelidnota oblonga Casey, 1915, Pelidnota pallidipes Casey, 1915, Pelidnota ponderella Casey, 1915, Pelidnota strenua Casey, 1915, Pelidnota tarsalis Casey, 1915, Pelidnota texensis Casey, 1915, and Scarabaeus punctatus Linnaeus, 1758. The following published infrasubspecific names are unavailable per ICZN Article 45.6.1: Pelidnota (Odontognathus) cuprea var. coerulea Ohaus, 1913; Pelidnota (Odontognathus) cuprea var. rufoviolacea Ohaus, 1913; Pelidnota (Odontognathus) cuprea var. nigrocoerulea Ohaus, 1913; Pelidnota pulchella var. fulvopunctata Ohaus, 1913; Pelidnota pulchella var. sellata Ohaus, 1913; Pelidnota pulchella var. reducta Ohaus, 1913; Pelidnota unicolor var. infuscata Ohaus, 1913. The following published species name is unavailable per ICZN Article 11.5: Neopatatra synonyma Moore & Jameson, 2013. The following published species name is unavailable per application of ICZN Article 16.1: Parhoplognathus rubripennis Soula, 2008. The following published species name is unavailable per application of ICZN Article 16.4.1: Strigidia testaceovirens argentinica Soula, 2006, Pelidnota (Strigidia) testaceovirens argentinica (Soula, 2006), and Pelidnota testaceovirens argentinica (Soula, 2006). The following published species names are unavailable per application of ICZN Article 16.4.2: Homonyx digennaroi Soula, 2010; Homonyx lecourti Soula, 2010; Homonyx mulliei Soula, 2010; Homonyx simoensi Soula, 2010; Homonyx wagneri Soula, 2010; Homonyx zovii Demez & Soula, 2011; Pelidnota arnaudi Soula, 2009; Pelidnota brusteli Soula, 2010; Pelidnota chalcothorax septentrionalis Soula, 2009; Pelidnota degallieri Soula, 2010; Pelidnota lavalettei Soula, 2008; Pelidnota lavalettei Soula, 2009; Pelidnota dieteri Soula, 2011; Strigidia gracilis decaensi Soula, 2008, Pelidnota (Strigidia) gracilis decaensi (Soula, 2008), and Pelidnota gracilis decaensi (Soula, 2008); Pelidnota halleri Demez & Soula, 2011; Pelidnota injantepalominoi Demez & Soula, 2011; Pelidnota kucerai Soula, 2009; Pelidnota malyi Soula, 2010: 36-37; Pelidnota mezai Soula, 2009; Pelidnota polita darienensis Soula, 2009; Pelidnota polita orozcoi Soula, 2009; Pelidnota polita pittieri Soula, 2009; Pelidnota punctulata decolombia Soula, 2009; Pelidnota punctulata venezolana Soula, 2009; Pelidnota raingeardi Soula, 2009; Pelidnota schneideri Soula, 2010; Pelidnota simoensi Soula, 2009; Pelidnota unicolor subandina Soula, 2009; Sorocha carloti Demez & Soula, 2011; Sorocha castroi Soula, 2008; Sorocha fravali Soula, 2011; Sorocha jeanmaurettei Demez & Soula, 2011; Sorocha yelamosi Soula, 2011; Xenopelidnota bolivari Soula, 2009; Xenopelidnota pittieri pittieri Soula, 2009. Due to unavailability of the name Pseudogeniates cordobaensis Soula 2009, we describe the species as intentionally new (Pseudogeniates cordobaensis Moore, Jameson, Garner, Audibert, Smith, and Seidel, sp. n.).
## 17 We describe the frog species Diasporus citrinobapheussp. n. from the Cordillera Central of western Panama. The new species differs from all other species in its genus in coloration, disk cover and disk pad shape, skin texture, advertisement call, and size. It is most similar to Diasporus tigrillo, from which it differs in dorsal skin texture, relative tibia length, number of vomerine teeth, ventral coloration, dorsal markings, and relative tympanum size, and to Diasporus gularis, from which it can be distinguished by the lack of membranes between the toes, adult size, posterior thigh coloration, and position of the choanae. We provide data on morpho- logy, vocalization, and distribution of the new species, as well as brief information on its natural history.
## 18 The microcaddisfly (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) fauna is catalogued from a review of more than 1,300 literature citations through the end of 2020 to include 2,665 currently recognized, valid species in six subfamilies and 76 genera. Fourteen subspecies are included in the total as well as 23 fossil species and three fossil genera. The family Ptilocolepidae (Trichoptera), also covered in this catalogue, comprises 19 valid species in two genera; two subspecies and two fossil species are included in the total. The monotypic genus Eutonella, currently considered incertae sedis within Trichoptera, was formerly placed in Hydroptilidae and is also included in this catalogue. Genus-group and species-group synonyms are listed. Information on the type locality, type depository, sex of type, distribution by country, and other relevant taxonomic or biological information is included for each nominal species. Summary information on taxonomy, phylogeny, distribution, immature stages, and biology are provided for each subfamily, tribe, and genus where known. An index to all nominal taxa is provided to facilitate catalog use.
## 19 Five new species of Tersilochinae (Ichneumonidae) are described from Mexico: Meggoleus hidalgoensis sp. nov., M. whartoni Khalaim, sp. nov., Phradis belovi Khalaim, sp. nov., Stethantyx covida sp. nov., and St. oaxacana sp. nov. Meggoleus whartoni Khalaim, sp. nov. is also recorded from Panama, and St. covida sp. nov. from Guatemala. The species recently described from Mexico Probles contrerasi Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino is transferred to the genus Gelanes Horstmann, comb. nov. A partial key to the species of Meggoleus with small propodeal spiracles and a key to Mexican species of Phradis are provided.
## 20 The Neotropical caddisfly (Trichoptera) fauna is cataloged from a review of over 1,000 literature citations through 2015 (partial 2016) to include 3,262 currently recognized, valid species-group names in 25 families and 155 extant genera. Fourteen subspecies are included in the total as well as 35 fossil species and 1 fossil genus. The region covered includes all of Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America. Genus-group and species-group synonyms are listed. For each nominal species, information on the type locality, type depository, sex of type, distribution by country, and other pertinent taxonomic or biological information is included. Summary information on taxonomy, phylogeny, distribution, immature stages, and biology are provided for each family and genus where known. An extensive index to all nominal taxa is included to facilitate use of the catalog. The glossosomatid species Mexitrichia usseglioi Rueda Martín & Gibon, is transferred to Mortoniellacomb. n.
## 21 The Neotropical species of the rarely collected genus Bolitogyrus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae: Staphylinini) are revised. The genus exhibits an uncommon, disjunct distribution between the Neotropical and Oriental Regions and is of unknown phylogenetic position within Staphylinini. Morphological evolution remarkable for Staphylinini was discovered within Bolitogyrus, including sexually dimorphic modifications of the pronotum that may be involved in male competition for females. rSEM interactive animations were used to establish morphological species boundaries between two highly variable species and are provided to illustrate diagnostic characters of the genitalia in unconventional views. The genus is redescribed based on the world fauna and twenty-eight Neotropical species are considered valid. Of these, nineteen are described as new to science: Bolitogyrus ashei sp. n.; B. apicofasciatus sp. n.; B. brevistellus sp. n.; B. bufo sp. n.; B. cheungi sp. n.; B. cornutus sp. n.; B. divisus sp. n.; B. falini sp. n.; B. gracilis sp. n.; B. inexspectatus sp. n.; B. longistellus sp. n.; B. marquezi sp. n.; B. newtoni sp. n.; B. pseudotortifolius sp. n.; B. pulchrus sp. n.; B. silex sp. n.; B. thomasi sp. n.; B. tortifolius sp. n.; and B. viridescens sp. n. Bolitogyrus sallei (Kraatz), stat. r. is removed from synonymy with B. buphthalmus (Erichson) and the following new synonyms are proposed: Cyrtothorax cyanescens Sharp, 1884, syn. n. = Quedius buphthalmus Erichson, 1840; C. nevermanni Scheerpeltz, 1974, syn. n. = C. costaricensis Wendeler, 1927. A summary of all available bionomic and distributional data, as well as an illustrated identification key to and diagnoses of all Neotropical species are provided.
## 22 The soapberry bug, Jadera haematoloma (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae: Serinethinae), a species native in tropical and subtropical regions of the New World and accidentally introduced to Hawaii, is reported for the first time from Asia (Taiwan). This record represents the first occurrence of the species in Asia. Stable populations composed of hundreds of specimens were found in seven localities of Kaohsiung City and one locality in Tainan City, and a single specimen was observed in Chiayi County. Aggregating adults and larvae fed in large numbers on the sapindacean plants Cardiospermum halicacabum L. and Koelreuteria elegans (Seem.) A. C. Smith ssp. formosana (Hayata) F. G. Meyer. Diagnostic characters of adults and larvae of Jadera haematoloma are discussed. A review of its bionomics and a bibliography are provided. Initial observations on the populations in southern Taiwan are presented. The species is potentially invasive, and further extension of its range is anticipated in Southeast Asia.
## 23 Myotis nesopolus currently comprises two subspecies. The nominate subspecies (M. n. nesopolus) occurs on the Caribbean islands of Curaçao and Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, whereas M. n. larensis is known from mainland South America in northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. Our Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome-b gene sequences recovered M. nesopolus as a paraphyletic group, with M. n. nesopolus and M. n. larensis as non-sister lineages. The haplotype network indicates that these two subspecies do not share any haplotypes and are in different evolutionary trajectories. Additionally, these two subspecies can be distinguished on the basis of qualitative and quantitative morphological traits. This pattern supports the recognition of M. nesopolus and M. larensis as full species. Our results also reveal that the assemblage of Caribbean Myotis do not form a monophyletic group. Caribbean species are phylogenetically close to mainland species from northern South America and Central America, suggesting that colonization of Caribbean islands happened multiple times.
## 24 A revision of Leucotrichia (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) is provided, including a generic diagnosis, illustrations, a key, and descriptions of males. A total of 43 species are treated, 13 described as new: Leucotrichiaangelinae sp. n. (Venezuela), Leucotrichiadenticulata sp. n. (Mexico), Leucotrichiadianeae sp. n (Costa Rica), Leucotrichiafulminea sp. n. (Ecuador), Leucotrichiahispida sp. n. (Costa Rica), Leucotrichiakateae sp. n. (Venezuela), Leucotrichiapectinata sp. n. (Ecuador), Leucotrichiaprocera sp. n. (Brazil), Leucotrichiarepanda sp. n. (Venezuela), Leucotrichiarhomba sp. n. (Costa Rica), Leucotrichiariostoumae sp. n. (Ecuador), Leucotrichiasidneyi sp. n. (Venezuela), and Leucotrichiatapantia sp. n. (Costa Rica).
## 25 More than a decade has passed since the publication of the only world checklist available for Onychophora. During this period, numerous nomenclatural acts and taxonomic changes have been suggested within the group and a wealth of novel data has been published on many taxa. Herein, the up-to-date taxonomic scenario within Onychophora is presented, with appraisal of name status. This checklist covers both extant (Peripatidae and Peripatopsidae) and fossil taxa, and each species is accompanied by information on synonyms, type designation, holotype location, type locality, and language of original description. Additional remarks include nomenclatural inconsistencies, synonymizations, name misspellings, conflicting collecting event data, availability of taxonomically informative molecular data, etc. According to the data, 237 species are currently assigned to Onychophora: 140 of Peripatopsidae, 92 of Peripatidae, and five fossil species with unclear relationship to extant taxa. Since the previous checklist, 37 species have been added to Onychophora, representing an increase of 18.5% in the diversity described for the group. Yet, taxonomic descriptions seem slow-paced, with an average of 3.6 onychophoran species being described annually. From the taxonomic standpoint, 216 species are valid, although many of them require morphological revision and molecular characterization; 21 species exhibit major taxonomic ambiguities and have been regarded as nomina dubia. Recurrent taxonomic issues identified in the literature include inaccurate collecting event data, doubtful taxonomic assignment of molecular sequences, and non-observance of nomenclatural rules. These and other taxonomic aspects are addressed herein in the light of the directives established by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
## 26 Stenamma is a cryptic "leaf-litter" ant genus that occurs in mesic forest habitats throughout the Holarctic region, Central America, and part of northwestern South America (Colombia and Ecuador). The genus was thought to be restricted primarily to the temperate zone, but recent collecting efforts have uncovered a large radiation of Neotropical forms, which rival the Holarctic species in terms of morphological and behavioral diversity. By inferring a broad-scale molecular phylogeny of Stenamma, Branstetter (2012) showed that all Neotropical species belong to a diverse Middle American clade (MAC), and that this clade is sister to an almost completely geographically separated Holarctic clade (HOC). Here, the Middle American clade of Stenamma is revised to recognize 40 species, of which 33 are described as new. Included in the revision are a key to species based on the worker caste, and for each species where possible, descriptions and images of workers and queens, images of males, information on geographic distribution, descriptions of intraspecific variation, and notes on natural history. Several species groups are defined, but the majority of species remain unassigned due to a lack of diagnostic morphological character states for most molecular clades. The following species are redescribed: Stenamma alas Longino, Stenamma diversum Mann, Stenamma expolitum Smith, Stenamma felixi Mann, Stenamma huachucanum Smith, Stenamma manni Wheeler, and Stenamma schmidti Menozzi. The following are described as new: Stenamma andersoni sp. n., Stenamma atribellum sp. n., Stenamma brujita sp. n., Stenamma callipygium sp. n., Stenamma catracho sp. n., Stenamma connectum sp. n., Stenamma crypticum sp. n., Stenamma cusuco sp. n., Stenamma excisum sp. n., Stenamma expolitico sp. n., Stenamma hojarasca sp. n., Stenamma ignotum sp. n., Stenamma lagunum sp. n., Stenamma llama sp. n., Stenamma leptospinum sp. n., Stenamma lobinodus sp. n., Stenamma longinoi sp. n., Stenamma maximon sp. n., Stenamma megamanni sp. n., Stenamma monstrosum sp. n., Stenamma muralla sp. n., Stenamma nanozoi sp. n., Stenamma nonotch sp. n., Stenamma ochrocnemis sp. n., Stenamma pelophilum sp. n., Stenamma picopicucha sp. n., Stenamma saenzae sp. n., Stenamma sandinista sp. n., Stenamma stictosomum sp. n., Stenamma tiburon sp. n., Stenamma tico sp. n., Stenamma vexator sp. n., and Stenamma zelum sp. n. Although many of the newly defined species consist of challenging species complexes, this study establishes a robust baseline that will guide future work on the systematics of MAC Stenamma. The total global diversity of Stenamma now includes 84 extant species.
## 27 The genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini) is a Neotropical group of fungus-farming ants known for its problematic taxonomy, caused by low morphological variability across the species, vague and old species descriptions, and an outdated and incomplete key published in 1916. Recent molecular studies revealed that Sericomyrmex is the product of a rapid recent radiation, with a divergence date of 4.3 million years ago. Here we present a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus Sericomyrmex based on morphology and a recently published molecular phylogeny. We discuss and illustrate morphological characters for Sericomyrmex workers, males, queens, and larvae. We report 18 standard morphological measurements and 5 indices for 529 workers, 50 queens, and 39 males, which we employ in morphometric analyses. The revised genus Sericomyrmex comprises eleven species, including three new species, here described as S. maravalhassp. n., S. radioheadisp. n., and S. saramamasp. n. We also redescribe S. amabilis Wheeler, S. bondari Borgmeier, S. lutzi Wheeler, S. mayri Forel, S. opacus Mayr, S. parvulus Forel, S. saussurei Emery, and S. scrobifer Forel. The number of recognized species (11) is lower than the previously recognized 19 species and 3 subspecies. The following species and subspecies are synonymized: under S. opacus [=S. aztecus Forel syn. n., S. zacapanus Wheeler syn. n., and S. diego Forel syn. n.]; under S. bondari [=S. beniensis Weber syn. n.]; under S. mayri [=S. luederwaldti Santschi syn. n., S. moreirai Santschi syn. n., S. harekulli Weber syn. n., S. harekulli arawakensis Weber syn. n., S. urichi Forel syn. n.]; under S. saussurei [=S. burchelli Forel syn. n., S. impexus Wheeler syn. n., S. urichi maracas Weber syn. n.]; and under S. parvulus [=S. myersi Weber syn. n.]. We provide a key to Sericomyrmex species for the worker caste and information on the geographic distributions of all species.
## Acknowledgements
## 1 We are grateful to Dr Roger Blahnik from University of Minnesota St. Paul, Dr Silvia Santiago-Fragoso from UBUNAM, Mr Jason Waintraub from the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Dr Brian Armitage from the Universidad Autónoma de Chiriqui (UNACHI), Panama, and Dr Tatiana Arefina-Armitage from Boquete, Panama, for their revision and suggestions to the manuscript writing. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their time and effort in improving our manuscript. We are indebted to the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, for the economic support for the publication of this study.
## 2 First, we would like to acknowledge the impact of Dr. Ralph Holzenthal on each of the authors at both a personal and professional level. His friendship, encouragement, and leadership involving the study of our favorite order of insects has never wavered. We are most appreciative of the permissions, collections, and logistical support of Jeffrey Dietrich of the Mount Totumas Cloud Forest and Biological Reserve; Eric Carlson of Rambala Jungle Lodge; and Kelly Collier of Finca Monterey. Some of the specimen records included herein were acquired through the Sustainable Production System and Biodiversity Conservation Project (PSPSCB), conducted in a variety of Panamanian national parks and protected areas. We acknowledge the Panamanian Ministry of Environment, which managed this project with funding from the World Bank, and who provided collecting permits and other support. We thank Tomás A. Ríos González, Eric Álvarez, Edgar Pérez, Yusseff Aguirre, Carols Nieto, and Aydeé Cornejo who collectively made all of the national parks collections. We also appreciate the organizational and logistical support by the Gorgas Institute and COZEM concerning this project. We are indebted to Albert Thurman for his logistical support and friendship. We appreciate the efforts of Tatiana I. Arefina-Armitage in editing the manuscript and field collecting. Finally, we thank the reviewers for evaluating and improving this manuscript. The work involved in generating the results found in this report and the production of the manuscript itself was made possible thanks to support to the corresponding author (BJA) by the Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) of the Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT), Panama.
## 3 We thank Luis DeLeon, Jesús Pérez, Juan Zarzavilla, Yorlis Cáceres, Hugo Martínez, and Gilberto Torres for field assistance, and Guido Berguido for his support during our stay at the Chucantí private reserve. We also thank to Sarah Farinelli, Juan Daza, Mauricio Rivera-Correa, and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments during the review process, which greatly improved the manuscript. To Marcos Ponce and Angel Sosa a thank you for providing photos of a specimen from Cerro Brewster. This work was financially supported by Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panama, Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) of the Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT, Panamá), and the Rainforest Trust (US). We thank Sebastian Lotzkat, for his assistance in the field and on the manuscript. Many colleagues have provided photographs for the species panels in the Suppl. material 2, for which would like to thank and give them credits by naming them in the respective legends.
## 4 We are very grateful to Tina Hoffmann (Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, Panama), Meike Piepenbring (Goethe-University, Frankfurt/M., Germany) and the Ministerio de Ambiente (Chiriquí, Panama) for their kind and expedient help in issuing us the collection permit for Panama. We thank Thomas Inäbnit (Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bern, Switzerland (NMBE) for imaging and measuring the preserved material and Dorian Dörige (Goethe-University, Frankfurt/M., Germany) for technical help. We thank the editor, Thierry Backeljau, one anonymous reviewer and the reviewer, Barna Páll-Gergely for their comments towards improving the manuscript. Lastly, we gratefully acknowledge Eugenia Zarza (National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico) for her translation of the abstract into Spanish and Eike Neubert (NMBE) for his support.
## 5 This article was greatly improved by comments of Sebastian Lotzkat, Julie M. Ray, and Robert Jadin. For granting access to the protected forests under their care, we are grateful to Daniel Arias and Raúl Arias of the Canopy Family lodges, to Martin Schaefer and David Agro of Fundación Jocotoco, and to Matthew Clark, Renzo Paladines, and Felipe Serrano of Nature and Culture International. For providing DNA sequence data of Sibon and the enigmatic Dipsas perijanensis, we are grateful to Elson Meneses-Pelayo (UIS). For granting access to specimens under their care, we are grateful to David Salazar-Valenzuela (MZUTI), Gustavo Adolfo Londoño Guerrero (CZI), Wilmar Bolívar (CPZ-UV), and Raúl Sedano (UV-C). Locality data and morphometrics of S. annulatus from Costa Rica were kindly provided by Todd Lewis, Alexander McKelvy, and Alex Figueroa. Special thanks to Jose Vieira, Frank Pichardo, Amanda Quezada, Valeria Sorgato, and Eric Osterman for their assistance and companionship in the field. Angie Tovar-Ortiz, Santiago Orozco, and Paul Gutiérrez-Cárdenas provided specimen photos and ecological information of Dipsadini. In-situ images of the new species were kindly provided by Eric Osterman, Pearl Ee, and Ariel Concepción. White background images of living specimens were created by Jose Vieira and Sebastián Di Doménico. Diego Quirola (MZUTI) provided images of the holotype of D. welborni sp. nov.; Manlio Cuevas, Joseph Vargas, and Pablo Acosta photographed museum specimens of the type series of S. irmelindicaprioae sp. nov., S. canopy sp. nov., and S. leucomelas; Joseph Vargas and Madian Miranda provided measurements and counts of specimens at SMF and MHCH, respectively. Gabriela Gavilanes provided invaluable lab assistance in generating DNA sequence data; Lorena Benitez created the topographical maps. Fieldwork was made possible with the support of Re:wild, Nature and Culture International, The Explorers Club Discovery Expedition Grants, Khamai Foundation, Tropical Herping, and Canopy Family lodges. Laboratory work was carried out at ZSFQ under the tutelage of Juan M. Guayasamin. Sequencing was made possible with support of the Inédita Program from the Ecuadorian Science Agency SENESCYT (Respuestas a la Crisis de Biodiversidad: La Descripción de Especies como Herramienta de Conservación; INEDITA PIC-20-INE-USFQ-001). Work by AB was supported by Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) of the Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT, Panamá).
## 6 All of the new species included herein were acquired through the Sustainable Production System and Biodiversity Conservation Project (PSPSCB), conducted in a variety of Panamanian national parks and protected areas. We acknowledge the Panamanian Ministry of Environment, which managed this project with funding from the World Bank, and who provided collecting permits and other support. We thank Tomás A. Ríos González, Eric Álvarez, Edgar Pérez, Yusseff P. Aguirre, Carlos Nieto, and Aydeé Cornejo who collectively made all of the national park collections. We also appreciate the organizational and logistical support by the Gorgas Institute and COZEM concerning this project. We thank Kelly Collier of Finca Monterey, Boquete for permissions, collections, and logistical support in collecting one species from Quebrada Jaramillo. We are indebted to Albert Thurman for his logistical support and friendship. We appreciate the artistic efforts of Leah Keth and Tatiana I. Arefina-Armitage in drawing the illustrations, and the latter’s expertise in editing the manuscript. The continued, generous support of our research group by Deborah Eisberg of Boquete, Panama is sincerely appreciated. Finally, we thank the reviewers and editors for evaluating and improving this manuscript. The work involved in generating the results found in this report and the production of the manuscript itself was made possible thanks to support to the corresponding author (BJA) by the Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) of the Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT), Panama.
## 7 The authors thank Christine Rollard and Elise Ann Leguin (NHMP), Norman Platnick and Louis Sorkin (AMNH), Laura Liebensperger and Gonzalo Giribet (MCZ), Janet Becalonni (BMNH), Diomedes Quintero (MIUP), Oscar Francke and Jorge Mendoza (CNAN), Ignacio Vazquez, Francisco Medina and Arturo Locht (LAAHFC), Gilbert Barrantes, Rita Vargas and Monika Springer (MIUCR), Peter Jaeger (SMF), and Ray Pupedis (PMY) for access to museum collections, arranging loans and allowing examination of material. We thank Sylvia Lucas for general guidance, Peter Myler for help with Latin translation, Don Cameron for formation of taxon names, and Darren J. Mann, Zoë Simmons, Amoret Spooner, James Hogan for access to the Oxford collections and use of the Automontage system (sponsored by the A. McCrae bequest). We thank all the generous tarantula enthusiasts who donated specimens for research (see supplement). We especially thank Eduard Hijmensen and Carlos Viquez for helpful discussion, and Craig McInnes for paper translations. Thanks also to Consejo Nacional de Areas Protegidas (CONAP) in Guatemala for collection permit No.000556 to David Ortiz-Villatoro, and export under CITES No.14772 (298-2008), and staff at ANAM Panama for permits to RG under SE/A-39-04, SE/A-97-04, SE/A-29-06, and SE/A-24-08, Dr Annette Aiello and Orelis Arosemena of STRI for assistance with permit applications. We also thank Andrew Smith, Richard Gallon and Zoltan Lestyan for helpful comments on earlier drafts, thank reviewers for diverse suggestions, and Jeremy Miller for editorial guide.
## 8 We thank the Tropical Amphibian Decline in Streams Project especially Chad Montgomery and Karen Lips, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Roberto Ibáñez for logistical support. Some fieldwork in Panama was made possible with the support of Liberty University, Tropical Herping, and the Canopy Family lodges. For granting access to the protected forests under their care, we are grateful to Daniel Arias and Raúl Arias of the Canopy Family lodges and to Martin Schaefer and David Agro of Fundación Jocotoco. We are grateful to David Kizirian (AMNH), Ned Gilmore (ANSP), Alan Resetar (FMNH), Rafe Brown and Luke Welton (KU), Carol Spencer (MVZ), Hussam Zaher (MZUSP), Kenneth L. Krysko (UF), Greg Schneider (UMMZ), Roy McDiarmid, Steve W. Gotte, Jeremy F. Jacobs, and Kevin de Queiroz (USNM) for allowing access to specimens under their care. For facilitating fieldwork, specimen and/or tissue access we also thank E. Arbeláez-Ortiz (Bioparque Amaru), T. Barros and G. Rivas (MBLUZ), M. Calderón-Espinoza (ICN), J. M. Daza (U. Antioquia), W. E. Duellman (KU), J. C. Murphy (FMNH), M. Sasa-Marín and A. Solorzano (ICP and UCR), C. Señaris (MHNLS), L. Vitt (UO), and M. Yánez-Muñoz and M. Urgilés (DHMECN). White background images of living specimens were created by Jose Vieira (ExSitu). Other photos were edited by Cassie A. Bishop (Winter High School) and Whitley Mike (Carmichael Lynch). Financial support for some components of this study was provided by grants to ENS from the National Science Foundation (DEB-0416160) and Instituto Bioclon, Mexico. JMR was funded by USNSF IBN-0429223 and IOB-0519458 (to Alan H. Savitzky), and by grants from Sigma Xi, Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Chicago Herpetological Society, Sophie Danforth Conservation Biology Fund, and Wisconsin Division for Vocational Rehabilitation. PMSM was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) grant 2015/09054-1. RAP was funded in part by US NSF grants DBI-0905765 and DEB-1441719. AB was supported by Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) of the Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT, Panamá). We thank G. Rivas and an anonymous reviewer for comments that improved this manuscript.
## 9 This study was made possible by the financial support of the National Commission of Science and Technology (CONACYT). For allowing access to the collections and facilitating the loan of collection material, we thank Natalia Vandenberg and Elisabeth Roberts (USNM), Paul Skelley (FSCA), Darren Mann and Amoret Spooner (OUMNH), Jesús Romero-Nápoles and José Refugio-Lomelí (CEAM), Santiago Zaragoza-Caballero and Cristina Mayorga (CNIN), German Vega (MNCR), Paul Hanson (MZCR) and Humberto Lezama Ulate (MUCR). Thanks to Jorge Valdez Carrasco (CEAM) for taking some of the photographs in this article.
## 10 Our appreciation to Stephen Cairns, Leen van Ofwegen and Gary Williams for critical comments and suggestions that improved our manuscript, and Phil Alderslade for his advice solving taxonomic conflicts. We acknowledge the following people and institutions for their generosity in making available the specimens and information used in this study, YPM: Eric Lazo-Wasem and Lourdes Rojas; MCZ: Adam Baldinger; MNHN: Aude Andouche; MNHUK: Andrew Cabrinovic and Tracy Heath; NMNH: Stephen Cairns, Tim Coffer, Chad Walter and Geoff Keel; RMNH: Leen van Ofwegen; SMNH: Karin Sindemark Kronestedt; ZSM: Ole Tendal; Bernhard Ruthensteiner and Eva Lodde; ZMHC: Peter Stiewe and Helma Roggenbuck; CASIZ: Gary Williams; MZUF: Lisa Levi; MZUT: Cecilia Volpi; CASIZ: Gary Williams and Bob Vansyoc; CDRS: Cleve Hickmann; UNAM, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología: José Luis Carballo, Rosalinda Abeytia; Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, California: Geoffrey Shester; UPCH: Yuri Hooker; INN: Fernando Rivera and Priscilla Martínez; IMARPE: Miguel Romero; CRBMco: Katherine Mejía; UNIANDES-BIOMMAR: Juan Armando Sánchez. We thank the following people for providing photographs for this work: Aude Andouche (MNHN), Walter Larrimore (NMNH), Rosalinda Abeytia (UNAM), DeepSee submersible, Undersea Hunter group, Graham Edgar (University of Tasmania, Australia), Yuri Hooker (UPCH), Fernando Rivera (INN) and Elin Sigvaldadottir, (Department of Invertebrate Zoology, SMNH). We are grateful to Jorge Cortés (CIMAR) for advice and encouragement along this project; Alexander Rodríguez (UCR, CIEMIC) for the composition of the plates; Cristian Mora for laboratory assistance and light microscopic preparations; Ingo Wehrtmann (UCR) for helping with the German language translation; Rita Vargas (MZUCR), Eleazar Ruiz (CIMAR), Carlos Guevara (STRI), and Minor Lara and María Marta Chavarría (Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica), for helping in the fieldwork, and Marcelo Mainieri (Universidad de Ciencias Médicas, Costa Rica) for style suggestions. Thanks to the National Parks System of Protected Areas of Costa Rica, and the governments of Panamá and Ecuador for allowing visits and collections in their National Parks and reserves. This project was partially sponsored by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad de Costa Rica, projects 808-A9072, 808-B2142 and 810-B5159.
## 11 Publication of this article was funded in part by the University of Florida Open Access Publishing Fund.
## 12 We thank T. Deuss (Bocas Mariculture, Panama) for supporting our collections in Bocas del Toro and for photographs of the new species. P. Quiceno (Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia), A. Baldinger (MCZ), A. Allspach, K. Arnold and B. Trautwein (SMF), and G. Vargas and A. Serrano (MUPADI) helped to locate and curate specimens. G. Paulay and R. Lasley (FMNH) helped identify the specimen of the new species from Bahamas; D. Knott (PoseIDon TS) helped with images and examined material from the SERTC collections; M. Charteris shared professional pictures from Roatán. F. Sanford (Coe College, Iowa, U.S.A) shared ecological information on porcellanids collected in Belize and Florida. We thank J. Ceballos (STRI) for his help with the scanning electron microscope and Z. Foltz (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History) for logistical support at the Carrie Bow Cay station in Belize. J. Poupin and an anonymous reviewer helped to improve the manuscript.
## 13 Our appreciation to Bert W. Hoeksema (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands) for the taxonomic discussion and critical review of the manuscript. We thank Gary Williams (California Academy of Science, Invertebrate Zoology, San Francisco, USA) and Íris Sampaio (Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre of the Institute of Marine Research, Portugal) for their time and suggestions to improve this publication. We thank Leen van Ofwegen (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands) and Stephen Cairns (NMNM, Washington, DC, USA) for revising a preliminary version of the manuscript. Eighteen years after of the publication of our first taxonomic revision and our proposal to revise the seven gorgonian genera historically reported for the shallow waters of the eastern Pacific, we have to express our immense gratitude to all colleagues, collection managers, revisers, collectors and friends who made this project possible. Our appreciation goes to the experts in taxonomy of octocorals: Stephen Cairns; Leen van Ofwegen; Gary Williams; Phil Alderslade, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Oceans & Atmosphere, Tasmania, Australia; Manfred Grasshoff, former octocoral curator at Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberganlage, Frankfurt, Germany and Juan Armando Sánchez, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Marina (BIOMMAR) Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia. We acknowledge the following people and institutions for their generosity in making available specimens and information used though this project: Eric Lazo-Wasem and Lourdes Rojas, YPM; Ardis Johnston (former collection manager and curator) and Adam Baldinger, MCZ; Marie J. d´Hondt (former collection manager and curator), Aude Andouche, MNHN; Sheila Halsey (former collection manager and curator), Andrew Cabrinovic and Tracy Heath, Museum of Natural History, London, UK; Stephen Cairns, Tim Coffer, Chad Walter, Geoff Keel, NMNH; Leen van Ofwegen, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; Karin Sindemark Kronestedt and Elin Sigvaldadottir, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden; Ole Tendal; Bernhard Ruthensteiner and Eva Lodde, Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Germany; Peter Stiewe and Helma Roggenbuck, Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum der Universität Hamburg, Germany; Lisa Levi, Museo Zoologico dell’Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy; Cecilia Volpi, Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Italy; Gary Williams and Bob Vansyoc, California Academy of Science, Invertebrate Zoology, San Francisco, USA; José Luis Carballo, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Yuri Hooker, Colecciones Biológicas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú ; Fernando Rivera and Priscilla Martínez, NAZCA Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Salinas, Ecuador; Miguel Romero Instituto del Mar de Perú, Lima, Perú and Juan Armando Sánchez, BIOMMAR. We are grateful to Alexander Rodríguez, Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas, Universidad de Costa Rica for composition of plates; Cristian Mora and Wendolyn Matamoros (Universidad de Costa Rica) for laboratory assistance and microscopic preparations. We thank Yuri Hooker (UPCH) and Manu San Felix, National Geographic, Pristine Seas for the Psammogorgia underwater pictures presented here. This project was partially sponsored by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad de Costa Rica, projects 808-A9072, 808-B2142 and 810-B5159, and the Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Panamá (SENACYT).
## 14 We thank the Department of Biological Sciences of The George Washington University, the Harlan Fellowship, the Explorers Club Washington DC group and The Early Career Grants of National Geographic for financial support. We also thank the Ernst Mayr Travel Grants (MCZ, Harvard University) for their travel support to examine the ctenid specimens of the Museo de Zoología (MZUC), Universidad de Costa Rica. N. Hazzi was supported by a Fulbright-Colciencias scholarship and the Office of Graduate Student Assistantships and Fellowships of The George Washington University. Additional support was provided by a US National Science Foundation grant (DEB 1754289) to GH. We thank all the curators of the arachnological collections for making available the material for this study. We are also deeply grateful to Diana Silva, Gilbert Barrantes, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, Jimmy Cabra, Juan Bernal and the Organization of Tropical Studies (OTS) for their valuable help in getting the research and export permits. We also thank Bernal Rodríguez-Herrera, Gilbert Barrantes, Natalia Conejo, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, Juan Bernal, Tomas Alberto Rios, Diana Silva for their fieldwork support and logistics. N. Hazzi is grateful to Julio Monzón from ACP Panguana (Pucallpa), and Geoff Gallice and Johana Reyes Quintero from “Finca las Piedras” for their great hospitality in each biological station. N. Hazzi thanks Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia and Eryk Vargas for the valuable help in logistics and field company in Iquitos, Peru. We sincerely thank Anja Friederichs and Jason Dunlop (ZMB) for sending us photos of the type specimen of P. depilata. We thank Arthur Anker and Ciara Kernan for providing the photos of Fig. 2B–D, respectively. We also thank Alejandra Arroyave and Guissepe Gagliardi-Urrutia for providing the images of P. depilata and P. fera of Fig. 2, respectively. N. Hazzi is grateful to Felipe Across-Valencia, Liliam C. Perdomo and Leonel Martínez for their field assistance, logistics and great hospitality in Caquetá, Colombia. We thank Sarah Stone for English editing. We also thank Siddharth Kulkarni and Johnathan MacDougall for their valuable support with lab work. N. Hazzi thanks Fabián Salgado for his valuable help and advice with the species delimitation methods. We are grateful to Milenko Aguilera (Universidad de Concepción, Chile) for providing us helpful information on the status of Phoneutria in Chile. Collecting in Costa Rica and exporting the specimens out of the country was permitted by Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservación (SINAC) and Ministerio de Ambiente de Energia (SINAC-ACC-PI-R-045-2019 and PE-DCUSBSE-SE325-2019). Collecting in Panama and exporting the specimens out of the country was permitted by Ministerio de Ambiente (SEX/A-79-18). Collecting in Peru and exporting the specimens out of the country was permitted by Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (3521-SERFOR, 328-2019-MINAGRI-SERFOR-DGGSPFFS and AUT-IFS-2019-059). Collecting in Ecuador and exporting the specimens out the country was permitted by Ministerio del Ambiente 001-2020-EXP-CM-FAU-DNB/MA. Finally, we sincerely thank Antonio Brescovit, Miquel Arnedo and Cor Vink for their helpful comments and suggestions on an earlier version of this manuscript.
## 15 Howard Hughes Medical Institute We are grateful to María Eugenia Díaz Batres (Museo de Historia Natural y Cultura Ambiental de la Ciudad de México, Mexico), Weiping Xie (Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, CA), Robert K. Robbins, John M. Burns and Brian Harris (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC), David Lees and Blanca Huertas (Natural History Museum, London, UK), Wolfram Mey (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany), and Matthias Nuss (Senckenberg Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, Germany), for facilitating access to the collections under their care and stimulating discussions; to Jorge Llorente for discussions, to Qian Cong for the help with molecular studies; to Isidro A. Chacón for COI DNA barcodes of Costa Rican specimens of Oxynetra hopfferi in the INBio collection (Costa Rica); to John MacDonald for the loan of specimens and most kind permission to obtain the sequence of his O. hopfferi specimen from Panama; to Ernst Brockmann for assembling a large library of Hesperiidae barcode sequences and most generously sharing it with us, to Bernard Hermier for many enlightening discussions, critical review of the manuscript and numerous suggestions and corrections; and anonymous reviewers for helpful comments.
## 16 Complicated nomenclatural research of this nature is possible only with the assistance of many colleagues, to whom we are extremely grateful. We deeply thank the experts who assisted with interpretation of nomenclature: David Notton (NHM and ICZN), Max Barclay (NHM), J. Howard Frank (Univ. of Florida), and Francisco Welter-Schultes (Universität Göttingen). François Génier (CNMC) is gratefully acknowledged for his translations and interpretations of Soula’s works. Oliver Keller (Univ. of Florida) is thanked for his translation of the difficult German in Gistel and his editorial comments on the manuscript. Katherine M. Arguez (Univ. of Florida) and Keita Matsumoto (NHM) are thanked for help in imaging and preparing figures for publication. J. Howard Frank (Univ. of Florida) is thanked for his help in determining gender of generic names. Hitoshi Takano (NHM) and Andreas Reichenbach (Leipzig, Germany) are thanked for their comments on the key to genera. We are grateful for the assistance of curators, collections managers, and museum personnel who kindly loaned us specimens for this study or provided us specimen data (listed in “Specimens and taxonomic material”). For assistance in locating the vast literature for this research, we thank Leccinum J. Garciá Morales (Herbarium of the Museo de Historia Natural de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México) and Andrés Ramírez Ponce (Laboratorio Regional de Biodiversidad y Cultivo de Tejidos Vegetales, Instituto de Biologia, UNAM, Tlaxcala, México). For assistance with the Burmeister collection, we thank Karla Schneider and Joachim Händel (MLUH). We are very grateful for images of rare pelidnotines that were provided by Denis Bouchard (Autouillet, France), José Monzon (Santiago, Chile), and Federico Ocampo (Pergamino, Argentina). We thank Ángel Solís (MNCR) for access to the Pelidnota DNA barcode data from Costa Rica. This research was supported by The Natural History Museum Departmental Investment Fund (Insects Division, Life Sciences) to Garner, Jameson, and Moore (with special thanks to Theresa Howard); SVV 260 434/2017 (Department of Zoology, Charles University, Prague) to Seidel; Entomology and Nematalogy Student Organization Travel Grant (Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida) to Moore. Funds for publication were provided by Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas. Author contributions (in order of effort): MLJ, MRM conceived and designed research; MRM, MLJ, MS, BHG, CA, ABTS wrote the paper and analyzed data; MRM, MLJ, MS, ABTS identified specimens; MS, MRM, MLJ, CA, BHG processed images; BHG, MRM secured funding for travel to CCECL; MLJ secured funding for publication.
## 17 Collecting permits SC/A-8-09 and SC/A-21-10, as well as the corresponding exportation permits were issued by the Dirección de Áreas Protegidas y Vida Silvestre of the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM), Panama City, Panama. An additional permit for the Comarca Ngöbe-Buglé was issued by Rogelio Moreno (Cazique General of the Ngöbe), San Félix. We are especially grateful to the inhabitants of Paredón for their exceptional hospitality, to Wilberto Martínez, owner of the private reserve Willie Mazú, for his permission to survey on his ground, as well as to the family Peña Solís, Alto de Piedra, for logistical support. For assistance in the field we thank Arcadio Carrizo, Joe Bienentreu and Smelin Abrego. Particular thanks go to Dietrich Mebs and Werner Pogoda, Center for Forensic Medicine, University of Frankfurt am Main, who kindly performed an analysis of the new species’ skin secretions, to Neftali Camacho, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, who provided photographs of the type material of Diasporus tigrillo, and to Linda Acker, Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut and Naturmuseum, who prepared the illustrations of the holotype of Diasporus citrinobapheus. We thank Franco Andreone, Larry Wilson and two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments on an early draft of the manuscript. This paper is based upon work funded to AH by the FAZIT-Stiftung, and to SL by the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes, as well as the Vereinigung von Freunden und Förderern der Goethe-Universität.
## 18 I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all the Trichoptera researchers, past and present, who have contributed to the extensive list of works describing microcaddisfly diversity around the world. Dr. Ralph W. Holzenthal is especially acknowledged for his general support and assistance throughout the compilation of this catalog. Dr. John C. Morse is acknowledged for his valuable management of the Trichoptera World Checklist. Shannon Farrell, University of Minnesota Natural Resources Library, was extremely helpful in obtaining obscure literature. The checklist of Neotropical Trichoptera fauna, co-authored by Drs. Oliver S. Flint, Jr., Ralph W. Holzenthal, and Steven C. Harris and edited by Dr. Brian J. Armitage in 1999 and updated by Drs. Ralph W. Holzenthal and Adolfo R. Calor in 2017, is gratefully acknowledged for offering an organizational structure that could be repurposed in this work. I am especially grateful to Jolanda Huisman for translating various taxonomic works. I would also like to express appreciation for the helpful and detailed comments and suggestions provided by the editor and three reviewers. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DEB-0816865. This work was also supported by the Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station projects AES 017-17 and AES 017-29. This support is gratefully acknowledged.
## 19 We are thankful to Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón (UNAM), James B. Woolley, John D. Oswald, and Karen Wright (TAMU) for the loan of specimens, and to Jing-Xian Liu (South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China) and Andrei E. Humala (Forest Research Institute, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia) for reviewing this manuscript. This study was performed in the frames of the PRODEP project “Taxonomical and biological studies of pests and natural enemies in Mexico”, and the work of the senior author was partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 19-04-00027) and the State Research Project no. AAAA–A19–119020690101–6.
## 20 We wish to thank the many Trichoptera workers who provided us with citations and copies of their publications during the preparation of this catalog. We also acknowledge their outstanding accomplishments toward the discovery and description of the Neotropical caddisfly fauna, including the descriptions of over 1000 new species since 1999. Dr. John C. Morse and Dr. Patina Mendez, managers of the Trichoptera World Checklist and Trichoptera Literature Database, respectively, are especially acknowleded for their contributions and support. Shannon Farrell and Amy Gmur, University of Minnesota Natural Resources Library, provided invaluable assistance to obtain needed literature. Our colleagues and students, including Dr. Robin E. Thomson, Dr. Roger J. Blahnik, Jolanda Huisman, Luis Ernesto Rázuri Gonzales, Lucas Marcos de Camargos, and Dr. John Luhman, assisted by offering comments on the catalog, checking accuracy of entries and citations, translating papers, and correcting general errors. Dr. Allan Santos and Dr. Blahnik provided very thorough and critical reviews of the manuscript. Dr. Oliver S. Flint, Jr., and Dr. Steven C. Harris, co-authors of the 1999 version of this work, and Dr. Brian J. Armitage, editor of the work, are gratefully acknowledged for their contributions to that effort and for their continuing contributions to our knowledge of the Neotropical caddisfles. This work was supported by the Minnesota Agricuture Experimant Station projects AES 017-17 and AES 017-29. ARC was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq process 243238/2014), Brazil. This support is gratefully acknowledged.
## 21 We would like to thank all colleagues listed in the materials and methods section for assistance with specimen loans and inquiries regarding label data. M. Thayer and A. Newton (FMNH) are especially thanked for facilitating and hand carrying the P. N. Thomas collection. We would particularly like to thank Z. Falin (SEMC) and P.N. Thomas (Illinois, U.S.A.) for assistance with specimen data issues, D. Cheung (ZMUC) for assistance with Specify, Adobe Illustrator and rSEM creation, and A. Schomann (ZMUC) for assistance with mapping software and helpful discussions. We thank the two anonymous reviewers who provided comments and corrections, which improved the manuscript. K. Puliafico (Hawaii, U.S.A.) and S. Selvantheran (ZMUC) were wonderful field companions to both authors during an expedition to Costa Rica in 2012, which was supported by the Carlsberg Foundation. This research was supported by an Ernst Mayr Travel Grant (USNM visit, 2013) and a PhD. scholarship from the Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada and the Natural History Museum of Denmark.
## 22 We are grateful to Jian-Xiang Fang, Uika Ong, and Sheng-Fu Yang (Taiwan) for help in field observations and photographing and for providing specimens; to Ursula Göllner-Scheiding (Humboldt University, Berlin) for discussion about the South American records of Jadera haematoloma; to Harry Brailovsky (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) for sharing several unpublished records of this species from Mexico and for his permission to use them in this paper; to Scott P. Carroll (University of California, Davis) and an anonymous reviser for valuable comments to the manuscript; to Petr Kment (National Museum, Prague), Felipe Moreira (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), and David Rider (North Dakota State University, Fargo) for providing references, to Jung-Tai Chao, Shen-Shan Lu (Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei) and Shiang-Rong Wei (Taipei) for various help. The third author receives support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant No. 20110490769).
## 23 We are grateful to G. Garbino, B. Lim, and C. Carrión-Bonilla for the valuable revision of the original text. Support for RLMN and VCC (Ph.D. scholarships) comes from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil). RM has received support from National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil), and from the Smithsonian Institution (USA). This paper is part of Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel the Ph.D. requirements of at the Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.
## 24 We are grateful for the assistance of many curators, colleagues, and staff at several natural history collections around the world who provided us with both information and loan material: Joaquin Bueno-Soria and Rafael Barba (CNIN), Jorge Luis Nessimian and Allan Paulo Moreira Santos (DZRJ), Dmitry Dmitriev (INHS), Philip Perkins (MCZ), Blanca Ríos-Touma (MZUTI), David Goodger (NHM), Kjell Arne Johanson (NHRS), Oliver Flint (NMNH), Janós Oláh (OPC), and Willem Hogenes (ZMUA). Dr. OS Flint, Jr., provided invaluable comments on the identity and placement of these new species. Many of the new species described here were collected by Dr. Flint and other researchers at NMNH. This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DEB 0816865 to KM Kjer and RW Holzenthal. RE Thomson was supported also by the Committee on Institutional Cooperation/Smithsonian Institution (Pre-doctoral Fellowship), the University of Minnesota Graduate School (Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship, Alexander & Lydia Anderson Fellowship), the Society for Freshwater Science (Endowment Fund Systematics Award), the University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History (Dayton & Wilkie Funds), and the Department of Entomology (Morris & Elaine Soffer Rockstein Academic Achievement Fellowship, Sping & Ying-ngoh T. Lin Graduate Fellowship, Graduate School Block Grant summer fellowship, Graduate School Block travel grants). This support is gratefully acknowledged.
## 25 The author is thankful to Carlos A. Martínez-Muñoz, Christine Martin, Dominique Malécot, James K. Douch, Julián Monge-Nájera and Michael Engel for their valuable comments and/or amendments to the previous version of the checklist. Carlos Martínez-Muñoz and Richard Pyle are acknowledged for their assistance with nomenclatural issues.
## 26 I owe a great debt of gratitude to many people, institutions, and funding agencies for helping me complete this project. For providing specimens for morphological and molecular work I thank Jack Longino (JTLC), Phil Ward (PSWC, UCDC), Roy Snelling (LACM), Fernando Fernández (ICN), Bill MacKay, Stefan Cover (MCZ), Laura Sáenz, Manuel Solis (INBio), Corrie Moreau (FMNH), James Boone (FMNH), Ted Schultz (USNM), Seán Brady (USNM), David Donoso and Bob Anderson. I am especially grateful to everyone who participated in the Leaf Litter Arthropods of MesoAmerica (LLAMA) project, which provided specimens, field assistance, and financial support for several seasons of fieldwork (Figure 172). The senior personnel and main collaborators in project LLAMA were Jack Longino, Bob Anderson, Laura Sáenz, Jorge León (ECOSCE), Jack Schuster (UVGC), José Mora (EAPZ), Oliver Schlein (EAPZ), Jean-Michel Maes, Eric Van Den Berghe, and José Monzón. I also thank all of the student participants in LLAMA, who carried out most of the hard labor. By country these are: CHIAPAS (Brittany Broyles, D. J. Cox, Jesse McAlpine, Duke Brady, Dina Estrada, Yensy Recinos, Ubaldo Caballero, Irma Miss, Obed Reyes, Jesus Luna); GUATEMALA (Steven Bylsma, Jennie Russ, Theo Sumnicht, Crystal Vincent, Samanta Orellana, Diego Pons, Manuel Barrios, Cristián Beza); HONDURAS (Tammy Andrews, Ali Stefancich, Brendon Boudinot, Kyle Phillips, Shefik Handal, Katherine González, Luis Orellana, Alicia Bustillos); and NICARAGUA (Matt Prebus, Jane Allison, Corwin Parker, Elizabeth Foster, Januar Lopez, Aquiles Reyes, Blas Hernández). Additional field assistance was provided by Miguel Vasquez-Bolaños, Santiago Niño, Manuel Solís, Enio Cano, Carlos Viquez, Luis Cervantes, Ana Samayoa, Calixto Ordoñes, and Fidel. I thank Phil Ward, Marek Borowiec, and Jack Longino for testing early versions of the key. Phil Ward, Penny Gulan, and Jack Longino provided helpful comments on the manuscript. I thank Brian Fisher, Michele Esposito and the rest of the team at CAS for creating and maintaining AntWeb. This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (Project LLAMA, DEB-0640015; Ant AToL, EF-0431330), the National Geographic Society (CRE grant 8408-08), Conservation International, UC MEXUS, the Organization for Tropical Studies, the Center for Population Biology and Department of Entomology at UC Davis, the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology (Ernst Mayr Travel Grant), and the Smithsonian Institution (Peter Buck postdoctoral fellowship).
## 27 This research would not have been possible without all of the colleagues who provided specimens: Rachelle M. M. Adams, C. Roberto F. Brandão, Jelena Bujan, Michael Branstetter, Gabriela Camacho, Júlio Chaul, Jacques Delabie, David Donoso, Rodrigo Feitosa, Fernando Fernández, Itanna Fernandes, Melanie Fichaux, Brian Fisher, Ana Harada, John LaPolla, John Lattke, Joanito Liberti, John T. Longino, Jonas Maravalhas, Claudia Medina, Ulrich Mueller, Claudia Ortiz, Christian Rabeling, Steve Rehner, Laura Saenz, Heraldo Vasconcelos, Philip Ward, and Jim Wetterer. For help with the logistics of field work and museum visits and for help in obtaining permits we are indebted to: Mauricio Bacci Jr., Joanna D’Arc, Jacques Delabie, Itanna Fernandes, Ana Harada, Cauê Lopes, Jonas Maravalhas, Helena Morais, and Heraldo Vasconcelos (Brazil); Milan Janda (Mexico); Laura Saenz and Thomas Schrei (Guatemala); John T. Longino (Costa Rica); Frank Azorsa and Nigel Pitman (Peru); Fernando Fernández, Dimitri Forero, Claudia Medina, Claudia Ortiz, Juanita Rodriguez, and Andres Sanchez (Colombia); Falguni Guharay and Julio César Gómez (Nicaragua); Romeo Williams, Nigel John, Marcilene Edwards, and Henry James (Guyana). Jeffrey Sosa-Calvo provided help in field work, contributed specimens, and helped with advice and discussions about methods and attine ant biology in general. Eugenia Okonski provided support in specimen preparation, lab colony maintenance, and database advice. Mike Lloyd and Matt Kweskin helped with specimen database set-up. Scott Whittaker assisted with the SEM imaging. Jelena Bujan helped with R analyses. Brendon E. Boudinot gave us advice about male genitalia dissection and terminology. We thank J. Sosa-Calvo, J. Lattke, one anonymous reviewer, and the journal’s editor for helpful comments that vastly improved the manuscript. This work was funded by NSF grants DEB-1456964 and DEB-0949689 (TRS, AJ), a University of Maryland Smithsonian Institution Seed Grant (TRS, AJ), the Explorers Club Washington (AJ), the Cosmos Club Foundation (AJ), the Entomological Society of America (AJ), the Frankopan Fund (AJ), an MCZ Ernst Mayr Grant (AJ), the NMNH Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program (TRS, AJ), the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Program (TRS), the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Small Grants Program (TRS), and a Peter S. Buck Pre-Doctoral Fellowship (AJ).
## Funding
## 1
## 2
## 3
## 4
## 5 Re:wild, Nature and Culture International, The Explorers Club Discovery Expedition Grants, Khamai Foundation, Tropical Herping, Canopy Family lodges, SENESCYT, SENACYT
## 6 Ministerio de Ambiente de Panamá We acknowledge the Panamanian Ministry of Environment, which managed this project with funding from the World Bank.
## 7
## 8
## 9
## 10
## 11
## 12 No funding was reported.
## 13
## 14
## 15
## 16
## 17
## 18
## 19
## 20
## 21
## 22
## 23
## 24
## 25 This study was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq Brazil: 290029/2010-4).
## 26
## 27
## Source.title Anthology.title Book.editors MeSH.terms Publication.date
## 1 ZooKeys 11/7/2022
## 2 ZooKeys 11/7/2022
## 3 ZooKeys 10/1/2022
## 4 ZooKeys 5/11/2018
## 5 ZooKeys 25/1/2023
## 6 ZooKeys 8/8/2023
## 7 ZooKeys 12/10/2015
## 8 ZooKeys 3/2/2023
## 9 ZooKeys 16/3/2021
## 10 ZooKeys 14/4/2016
## 11 ZooKeys 22/3/2018
## 12 ZooKeys 16/2/2024
## 13 ZooKeys 19/8/2020
## 14 ZooKeys 8/3/2021
## 15 ZooKeys 10/4/2017
## 16 ZooKeys 6/4/2017
## 17 ZooKeys 21/5/2012
## 18 ZooKeys 16/1/2023
## 19 ZooKeys 7/10/2020
## 20 ZooKeys 10/2/2017
## 21 ZooKeys 7/7/2014
## 22 ZooKeys 8/5/2013
## 23 ZooKeys 10/2/2021
## 24 ZooKeys 23/4/2015
## 25 ZooKeys 16/11/2023
## 26 ZooKeys 24/4/2013
## 27 ZooKeys 24/4/2017
## PubYear Publication.date..online. Publication.date..print. Volume Issue
## 1 2022 11/7/2022 1111
## 2 2022 11/7/2022 1111
## 3 2022 10/1/2022 1081
## 4 2018 5/11/2018 795 795
## 5 2023 25/1/2023 1143
## 6 2023 8/8/2023 1174
## 7 2015 12/10/2015 526 526
## 8 2023 3/2/2023 1145
## 9 2021 16/3/2021 1024
## 10 2016 14/4/2016 581 581
## 11 2018 22/3/2018 745 745
## 12 2024 16/2/2024 1191
## 13 2020 19/8/2020 961
## 14 2021 8/3/2021 1022
## 15 2017 10/4/2017 667 667
## 16 2017 6/4/2017 666 666
## 17 2012 21/5/2012 2012 196 196
## 18 2023 16/1/2023 1140
## 19 2020 7/10/2020 974
## 20 2017 10/2/2017 654 654
## 21 2014 7/7/2014 423 423
## 22 2013 8/5/2013 2013 297 297
## 23 2021 10/2/2021 1015
## 24 2015 23/4/2015 499 499
## 25 2023 16/11/2023 1184
## 26 2013 24/4/2013 2013 295 295
## 27 2017 24/4/2017 670 670
## Pagination Open.Access Publication.Type
## 1 199-213 All OA; Gold Article
## 2 425-466 All OA; Gold Article
## 3 ene-34 All OA; Gold Article
## 4 1-dic All OA; Gold Article
## 5 ene-49 All OA; Gold Article
## 6 35-74 All OA; Gold Article
## 7 75-104 All OA; Gold Article
## 8 131-167 All OA; Gold Article
## 9 157-196 All OA; Gold Article
## 10 ene-69 All OA; Gold Article
## 11 101-378 All OA; Gold Article
## 12 391-407 All OA; Gold Article
## 13 ene-30 All OA; Gold Article
## 14 13-50 All OA; Gold Article
## 15 155-164 All OA; Gold Article
## 16 1-349 All OA; Gold Article
## 17 23-46 All OA; Gold Article
## 18 1-499 All OA; Gold Article
## 19 ene-21 All OA; Gold Article
## 20 1-566 All OA; Gold Article
## 21 1-113 All OA; Gold Article
## 22 ene-41 All OA; Gold Article
## 23 145-167 All OA; Gold Article
## 24 1-100 All OA; Gold Article
## 25 133-260 All OA; Gold Article
## 26 1-277 All OA; Gold Article
## 27 1-109 All OA; Gold Article
## Authors
## 1 Bueno-Soria, Joaquin; Vilarino, Albane; Barba-Alvarez, Rafael; Ballesteros-Barrera, Claudia
## 2 Thomson, Robin E.; Armitage, Brian J.; Harris, Steven C.
## 3 Mebert, Konrad; González-Pinzón, Macario; Miranda, Madian; Griffith, Edgardo; Vesely, Milan; Schmid, P. Lennart; Batista, Abel
## 4 Jochum, Adrienne; Ruthensteiner, Bernhard; Kampschulte, Marian; Martels, Gunhild; Kneubühler, Jeannette; Favre, Adrien
## 5 Arteaga, Alejandro; Batista, Abel
## 6 Harris, Steven C.; Armitage, Brian J.
## 7 Gabriel, Ray; Longhorn, Stuart J.
## 8 Ray, Julie M.; Sánchez-Martínez, Paola; Batista, Abel; Mulcahy, Daniel G.; Sheehy, Coleman M.; Smith, Eric N.; Pyron, R. Alexander; Arteaga, Alejandro
## 9 Nestor-Arriola, Jorge Ismael; Toledo-Hernández, Víctor Hugo; Solís, Ángel; González, Guillermo; Větrovec, Jaroslav
## 10 Breedy, Odalisca; Guzman, Hector M.
## 11 Moore, Matthew R.; Cave, Ronald D.; Branham, Marc A.
## 12 Hiller, Alexandra; Werding, Bernd
## 13 Breedy, Odalisca; Guzman, Hector M.
## 14 Hazzi, Nicolas A.; Hormiga, Gustavo
## 15 Warren, Andrew D.; Grishin, Nick V.
## 16 Moore, Matthew R; Jameson, Mary L; Garner, Beulah H; Audibert, Cédric; Smith, Andrew B T; Seidel, Matthias
## 17 Hertz, Andreas; Hauenschild, Frank; Lotzkat, Sebastian; Köhler, Gunther
## 18 Thomson, Robin E.
## 19 Khalaim, Andrey I.; Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique
## 20 Holzenthal, Ralph W.; Calor, Adolfo R.
## 21 Brunke, Adam J.; Solodovnikov, Alexey
## 22 Tsai, Jing-Fu; Hsieh, Yi-Xuan; Rédei, Dávid
## 23 Novaes, Roberto Leonan M.; Cláudio, Vinícius C.; Larsen, Roxanne J.; Wilson, Don E.; Weksler, Marcelo; Moratelli, Ricardo
## 24 Thomson, Robin E.; Holzenthal, Ralph W.
## 25 de Sena Oliveira, Ivo
## 26 Branstetter, Michael G.
## 27 Ješovnik, Ana; Schultz, Ted R.
## Authors..Raw.Affiliation.
## 1 Bueno-Soria, Joaquin (Preamble Dr., Marlton, New Jersey, 08053, USA, Unaffiliated, Marlton, United States of America); Vilarino, Albane (Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Museu de Entomologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Museu de Entomologia, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil); Barba-Alvarez, Rafael (Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 3erCto, Exterior s/n, AP 70-153, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, City, Mexico); Ballesteros-Barrera, Claudia (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Departamento de Biología, Unidad Iztapalapa, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, AP 55–535, CP 09340 Ciudad de México, Mexico, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico, City, Mexico)
## 2 Thomson, Robin E. (University of Minnesota, Department of Entomology, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, United States of America); Armitage, Brian J. (Museo de Peces de Agua Dulce e Invertebrados, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama); Harris, Steven C. (Department of Biology and Geosciences, Clarion University, Clarion, PA, USA, Clarion University, Clarion, United States of America)
## 3 Mebert, Konrad (Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662‑900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil; Global Biology, Waldmatt, Birr, 5242, Switzerland, Global Biology, Waldmatt, Switzerland; Los Naturalistas, David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, Gamboa, Panama); González-Pinzón, Macario (Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), Vicerrectoría de investigación y Postgrado – Museo de Historia Natural, Ciudad Universitaria El Cabrero David, Chiriquí, 427, Panama, Los Naturalistas, David, Panama; Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, 119x Gamboa, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama); Miranda, Madian (Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), Vicerrectoría de investigación y Postgrado – Museo de Historia Natural, Ciudad Universitaria El Cabrero David, Chiriquí, 427, Panama, Los Naturalistas, David, Panama; Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí (MHCH), David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama; Los Naturalistas, David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, Gamboa, Panama; Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, 119x Gamboa, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama); Griffith, Edgardo (El Valle Amphibian Conservation Center Foundation, El Hato, El Valle de Antón, Coclé, Panama, El Valle Amphibian Conservation Center Foundation, El Valle de Antón, Panama; University of Panama, Vicerectoria de Investigación y Posgrado, Regional University Center of Coclé. El Coco de Penonomé, Llano Marín, Vía Interamericana, Coclé, Panama, University of Panama, Coclé, Panama); Vesely, Milan (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 50, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic); Schmid, P. Lennart (Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany); Batista, Abel (Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), Vicerrectoría de investigación y Postgrado – Museo de Historia Natural, Ciudad Universitaria El Cabrero David, Chiriquí, 427, Panama, Los Naturalistas, David, Panama; Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí (MHCH), David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama; Los Naturalistas, David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, Gamboa, Panama; Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, 119x Gamboa, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama; Estación Científica COIBA AIP Edificio 205, Oficina 117 Ciudad del Saber, Clayton, Veraguas, Panama, Estación Científica COIBA AIP, Ciudad del Saber, Panama)
## 4 Jochum, Adrienne (Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, 3005 Bern, Switzerland and Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland); Ruthensteiner, Bernhard (Zoologische Staatssammlung München, 81247 München, Germany, Zoologische Staatssammlung München, München, Germany); Kampschulte, Marian (Department of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH-Standort Giessen, Center for Radiology, 35385 Giessen, Germany, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH-Standort Giessen, Giessen, Germany); Martels, Gunhild (Department of Experimental Radiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), 35392 Giessen, Germany, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany); Kneubühler, Jeannette (Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, 3005 Bern, Switzerland and Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland); Favre, Adrien (Department of Entomology III, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, 60438 Frankfurt/M., Germany, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt/M., Germany)
## 5 Arteaga, Alejandro (Biodiversity Field Lab (BioFL), Khamai Foundation, Quito, Ecuador, Biodiversity Field Lab, Quito, Ecuador; Tropical Herping S.A., Quito, Ecuador, Tropical Herping S.A., Quito, Ecuador); Batista, Abel (Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), Vicerrectoría de investigación y Postgrado, David, Chiriquí, Panama, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama; Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí (MHCH), David, Chiriquí, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama; Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Chiriquí, Panama, Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Panama; Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama, Sistema Nacional de Investigación, SENACYT, Panama)
## 6 Harris, Steven C. (Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Western Pennsylvania University, Clarion, PA 16214, USA, Western Pennsylvania University, Clarion, United States of America; Museo de Peces de Agua Dulce e Invertebrados, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama); Armitage, Brian J. (Museo de Peces de Agua Dulce e Invertebrados, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, Panama)
## 7 Gabriel, Ray (Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH), Parks Road, Oxford, England, OX1 3PW, United Kingdom, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, United Kingdom); Longhorn, Stuart J. (Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH), Parks Road, Oxford, England, OX1 3PW, United Kingdom, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, United Kingdom)
## 8 Ray, Julie M. (Department of Biology, University of Nevada - Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, United States of America); Sánchez-Martínez, Paola (Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. Av. Nazaré 481, Ipiranga, 04263-000, São Paulo, Brazil, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil); Batista, Abel (Instituto Interdisciplinario de investigación e innovación, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), David, Chiriquí, Panama, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), David, Panama; Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Chiriquí, Panama, Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Panama; Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama, Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Senacyt, Panama); Mulcahy, Daniel G. (Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, USA, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States of America); Sheehy, Coleman M. (Division of Herpetology, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America); Smith, Eric N. (Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, United States of America); Pyron, R. Alexander (Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, USA, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States of America; Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2029 G St. NW, Washington DC, 20052, USA, The George Washington University, Washington, United States of America); Arteaga, Alejandro (Biodiversity Field Lab (BioFL), Khamai Foundation, Quito, Ecuador, Biodiversity Field Lab (BioFL), Khamai Foundation, Quito, Ecuador)
## 9 Nestor-Arriola, Jorge Ismael (Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación (CIByC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad #1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62209, México, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico); Toledo-Hernández, Víctor Hugo (Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación (CIByC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad #1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62209, México, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico); Solís, Ángel (Departamento de Historia Natural, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica. Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica); González, Guillermo (La Reina, Santiago, Chile, Unaffiliated, Santiago, Chile); Větrovec, Jaroslav (Buzulucka, Hradec Kralove, Česká Republika, Unaffiliated, Buzulucka, Czech Republic)
## 10 Breedy, Odalisca (Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica. P.O. Box 11501-2060, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, University of Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Panama, Republic of Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, Panama); Guzman, Hector M. (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Panama, Republic of Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, Panama)
## 11 Moore, Matthew R. (Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America); Cave, Ronald D. (Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, 2199 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, United States of America); Branham, Marc A. (Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America)
## 12 Hiller, Alexandra (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843–03092, Panama, Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, Panama); Werding, Bernd (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany)
## 13 Breedy, Odalisca (Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica. P.O. Box 11501-2060, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, Panama; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Panama, Republic of Panama, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica); Guzman, Hector M. (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Panama, Republic of Panama, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica)
## 14 Hazzi, Nicolas A. (The George Washington University, Department of Biological Sciences, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C, United States of America; Fundación Ecotonos, Cra 72 No. 13ª-56, Cali, Colombia, Fundación Ecotonos, Cali, Colombia); Hormiga, Gustavo (The George Washington University, Department of Biological Sciences, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C, United States of America)
## 15 Warren, Andrew D. (McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Rd., UF Cultural Plaza, PO Box 112710, Gainesville, FL, 32611-2710, USA, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America); Grishin, Nick V. (Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9050, USA, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America)
## 16 Moore, Matthew R (Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Building 1881 Natural Drive Area, Steinmetz Hall, Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620, USA.); Jameson, Mary L (Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS 67260-0026, USA.); Garner, Beulah H (Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.); Audibert, Cédric (Musée des Confluences, Centre de Conservation et d'Etude des Collections, 13A Rue Bancel, F-69007 Lyon, France.); Smith, Andrew B T (Research Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 6P4, Canada.); Seidel, Matthias (Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Building 1881 Natural Drive Area, Steinmetz Hall, Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620, USA.)
## 17 Hertz, Andreas (Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Biologicum, Building C, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany); Hauenschild, Frank (Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Biologicum, Building C, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany); Lotzkat, Sebastian (Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Biologicum, Building C, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany); Köhler, Gunther (Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany)
## 18 Thomson, Robin E. (Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, United States of America)
## 19 Khalaim, Andrey I. (Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, Mexico, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, Mexico; Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia); Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, Mexico, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, Mexico)
## 20 Holzenthal, Ralph W. (Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, 55108, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, United States of America); Calor, Adolfo R. (Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Campus Ondina, CEP 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil)
## 21 Brunke, Adam J. (Biosystematics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark); Solodovnikov, Alexey (Biosystematics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark)
## 22 Tsai, Jing-Fu (Insect Collection, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, 4F, No 67, Sanyuan St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100, Taiwan); Hsieh, Yi-Xuan (Kaohsiung Association of Naturalists, Kaohsiung, Taiwan); Rédei, Dávid (Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China; Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary)
## 23 Novaes, Roberto Leonan M. (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil); Cláudio, Vinícius C. (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Division of Mammals. 10th St. & Constitution Ave. NW, 20013-7012, Washington, DC, USA); Larsen, Roxanne J. (University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1365 Gortner Ave., 55108, Saint Paul, MN, USA); Wilson, Don E. (Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Division of Mammals. 10th St. & Constitution Ave. NW, 20013-7012, Washington, DC, USA); Weksler, Marcelo (Museu Nacional / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Vertebrados. Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil); Moratelli, Ricardo (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Mata Atlântica. R. Sampaio Correa s/n, Taquara, 22713-560, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil)
## 24 Thomson, Robin E. (Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, U.S.A., University of Minnesota, St. Paul, United States of America); Holzenthal, Ralph W. (Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, U.S.A., University of Minnesota, St. Paul, United States of America)
## 25 de Sena Oliveira, Ivo (Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, D-34132, Kassel, Germany, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany; Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil)
## 26 Branstetter, Michael G. (Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA)
## 27 Ješovnik, Ana (Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America, Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Washington, D.C., United States of America; Maryland Center for Systematic Entomology, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America, University of Maryland, College Park, United States of America); Schultz, Ted R. (Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America, Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Washington, D.C., United States of America; Maryland Center for Systematic Entomology, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America, University of Maryland, College Park, United States of America)
## Corresponding.Authors
## 1 Barba-Alvarez, Rafael (National Autonomous University of Mexico)
## 2 Armitage, Brian J. (Autonomous University of Chiriqui)
## 3 Batista, Abel (Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Los Naturalistas, David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, Gamboa, Panama; Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, 119x Gamboa, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama; City of Knowledge)
## 4 Jochum, Adrienne (Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, 3005 Bern, Switzerland and Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University of Bern)
## 5 Arteaga, Alejandro (Biodiversity Field Lab (BioFL), Khamai Foundation, Quito, Ecuador, Biodiversity Field Lab, Quito, Ecuador; Tropical Herping S.A., Quito, Ecuador, Tropical Herping S.A., Quito, Ecuador)
## 6 Armitage, Brian J. (Autonomous University of Chiriqui)
## 7 Longhorn, Stuart J. (University of Oxford)
## 8 Ray, Julie M. (University of Nevada Reno)
## 9 Nestor-Arriola, Jorge Ismael (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos)
## 10 Breedy, Odalisca (University of Costa Rica; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)
## 11 Moore, Matthew R. (University of Florida)
## 12 Hiller, Alexandra (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)
## 13 Breedy, Odalisca (University of Costa Rica; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)
## 14 Hazzi, Nicolas A. (George Washington University; Fundación Ecotonos, Cra 72 No. 13ª-56, Cali, Colombia, Fundación Ecotonos, Cali, Colombia)
## 15 Grishin, Nick V. (The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)
## 16 Jameson, Mary L (Wichita State University)
## 17
## 18 Thomson, Robin E. (University of Minnesota)
## 19 Khalaim, Andrey I. (Autonomous University of Tamaulipas; Zoological Institute)
## 20 Holzenthal, Ralph W. (University of Minnesota)
## 21
## 22
## 23 Novaes, Roberto Leonan M. (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
## 24 Thomson, Robin E. (University of Minnesota)
## 25 de Sena Oliveira, Ivo (University of Kassel; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais)
## 26
## 27 Ješovnik, Ana (National Museum of Natural History; University of Maryland, College Park); Schultz, Ted R. (National Museum of Natural History; University of Maryland, College Park)
## Authors.Affiliations
## 1 Bueno-Soria, Joaquin (Preamble Dr., Marlton, New Jersey, 08053, USA, Unaffiliated, Marlton, United States of America); Vilarino, Albane (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Barba-Alvarez, Rafael (National Autonomous University of Mexico); Ballesteros-Barrera, Claudia (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana)
## 2 Thomson, Robin E. (University of Minnesota); Armitage, Brian J. (Autonomous University of Chiriqui); Harris, Steven C. (Clarion University)
## 3 Mebert, Konrad (State University of Santa Cruz; Global Biology, Waldmatt, Birr, 5242, Switzerland, Global Biology, Waldmatt, Switzerland; Los Naturalistas, David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, Gamboa, Panama); González-Pinzón, Macario (Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, 119x Gamboa, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama); Miranda, Madian (Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Los Naturalistas, David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, Gamboa, Panama; Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, 119x Gamboa, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama); Griffith, Edgardo (El Valle Amphibian Conservation Center Foundation, El Hato, El Valle de Antón, Coclé, Panama, El Valle Amphibian Conservation Center Foundation, El Valle de Antón, Panama; Universidad de Panamá); Vesely, Milan (Palacký University, Olomouc); Schmid, P. Lennart (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz); Batista, Abel (Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Los Naturalistas, David, Chiriquí, 426–01459, Panama, Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, Gamboa, Panama; Asociación ADOPTA el Bosque Panamá, 119x Gamboa, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama; City of Knowledge)
## 4 Jochum, Adrienne (Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, 3005 Bern, Switzerland and Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University of Bern); Ruthensteiner, Bernhard (Bavarian State Collection of Zoology); Kampschulte, Marian (Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg); Martels, Gunhild (University of Giessen); Kneubühler, Jeannette (Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, 3005 Bern, Switzerland and Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University of Bern); Favre, Adrien (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt/M)
## 5 Arteaga, Alejandro (Biodiversity Field Lab (BioFL), Khamai Foundation, Quito, Ecuador, Biodiversity Field Lab, Quito, Ecuador; Tropical Herping S.A., Quito, Ecuador, Tropical Herping S.A., Quito, Ecuador); Batista, Abel (Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí (MHCH), David, Chiriquí, Panama, Museo Herpetológico de Chiriquí, David, Panama; Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Chiriquí, Panama, Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Panama; Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación)
## 6 Harris, Steven C. (University of Pennsylvania; Autonomous University of Chiriqui); Armitage, Brian J. (Autonomous University of Chiriqui)
## 7 Gabriel, Ray (University of Oxford); Longhorn, Stuart J. (University of Oxford)
## 8 Ray, Julie M. (University of Nevada Reno); Sánchez-Martínez, Paola (Universidade de São Paulo); Batista, Abel (Autonomous University of Chiriqui; Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Chiriquí, Panama, Fundación Los Naturalistas, Boquete, Panama; Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación); Mulcahy, Daniel G. (National Museum of Natural History); Sheehy, Coleman M. (University of Florida; Florida Museum of Natural History); Smith, Eric N. (The University of Texas at Arlington); Pyron, R. Alexander (National Museum of Natural History; George Washington University); Arteaga, Alejandro (Biodiversity Field Lab (BioFL), Khamai Foundation, Quito, Ecuador, Biodiversity Field Lab (BioFL), Khamai Foundation, Quito, Ecuador)
## 9 Nestor-Arriola, Jorge Ismael (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos); Toledo-Hernández, Víctor Hugo (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos); Solís, Ángel (Departamento de Historia Natural, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica. Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica); González, Guillermo (La Reina, Santiago, Chile, Unaffiliated, Santiago, Chile); Větrovec, Jaroslav (Buzulucka, Hradec Kralove, Česká Republika, Unaffiliated, Buzulucka, Czech Republic)
## 10 Breedy, Odalisca (University of Costa Rica; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute); Guzman, Hector M. (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)
## 11 Moore, Matthew R. (University of Florida); Cave, Ronald D. (University of Florida); Branham, Marc A. (University of Florida)
## 12 Hiller, Alexandra (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute); Werding, Bernd (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt/M)
## 13 Breedy, Odalisca (University of Costa Rica; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute); Guzman, Hector M. (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)
## 14 Hazzi, Nicolas A. (George Washington University; Fundación Ecotonos, Cra 72 No. 13ª-56, Cali, Colombia, Fundación Ecotonos, Cali, Colombia); Hormiga, Gustavo (George Washington University)
## 15 Warren, Andrew D. (University of Florida; Florida Museum of Natural History); Grishin, Nick V. (The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)
## 16 Moore, Matthew R (University of Florida); Jameson, Mary L (Wichita State University); Garner, Beulah H (Natural History Museum); Audibert, Cédric (Musée des Confluences, Centre de Conservation et d'Etude des Collections, 13A Rue Bancel, F-69007 Lyon, France.); Smith, Andrew B T (Canadian Museum of Nature); Seidel, Matthias (University of Florida)
## 17 Hertz, Andreas (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt/M; Goethe University Frankfurt); Hauenschild, Frank (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt/M; Goethe University Frankfurt); Lotzkat, Sebastian (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt/M; Goethe University Frankfurt); Köhler, Gunther (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt/M)
## 18 Thomson, Robin E. (University of Minnesota)
## 19 Khalaim, Andrey I. (Autonomous University of Tamaulipas; Zoological Institute); Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (Autonomous University of Tamaulipas)
## 20 Holzenthal, Ralph W. (University of Minnesota); Calor, Adolfo R. (Federal University of Bahia)
## 21 Brunke, Adam J. (University of Copenhagen); Solodovnikov, Alexey (University of Copenhagen)
## 22 Tsai, Jing-Fu (Taiwan Forestry Research Institute); Hsieh, Yi-Xuan (Kaohsiung Association of Naturalists, Kaohsiung, Taiwan); Rédei, Dávid (Nankai University; Hungarian Natural History Museum)
## 23 Novaes, Roberto Leonan M. (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro); Cláudio, Vinícius C. (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; National Museum of Natural History); Larsen, Roxanne J. (University of Minnesota); Wilson, Don E. (National Museum of Natural History); Weksler, Marcelo (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro); Moratelli, Ricardo (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation)
## 24 Thomson, Robin E. (University of Minnesota); Holzenthal, Ralph W. (University of Minnesota)
## 25 de Sena Oliveira, Ivo (University of Kassel; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais)
## 26 Branstetter, Michael G. (University of California, Davis; National Museum of Natural History)
## 27 Ješovnik, Ana (National Museum of Natural History; University of Maryland, College Park); Schultz, Ted R. (National Museum of Natural History; University of Maryland, College Park)
## Times.cited Recent.citations RCR FCR
## 1 5 3 NA 3.06
## 2 5 4 2.99 3.06
## 3 2 2 0.56 1.11
## 4 0 0 NA 0.00
## 5 4 4 NA NA
## 6 4 4 NA NA
## 7 9 1 0.16 1.15
## 8 0 0 NA NA
## 9 2 1 NA 0.66
## 10 17 2 0.55 2.48
## 11 20 4 0.42 3.46
## 12 0 0 NA NA
## 13 3 1 0.09 0.68
## 14 11 7 1.35 3.98
## 15 3 0 0.11 0.46
## 16 16 3 0.39 2.72
## 17 10 0 0.21 1.11
## 18 16 16 NA NA
## 19 0 0 NA 0.00
## 20 116 48 4.03 19.74
## 21 10 0 0.44 1.20
## 22 7 2 0.07 0.72
## 23 10 3 0.24 3.09
## 24 7 1 0.49 0.89
## 25 5 5 NA NA
## 26 23 5 0.41 2.58
## 27 21 4 0.45 3.57
## Source.Linkout
## 1 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/73371/download/pdf/
## 2 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/77371/download/pdf/
## 3 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/63009/download/pdf/
## 4 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/29339/download/pdf/
## 5 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/93601/download/pdf/
## 6 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/107314/download/pdf/
## 7 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/6315/download/pdf/
## 8 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/96616/download/pdf/
## 9 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/56927/download/pdf/
## 10 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/7910/download/pdf/
## 11 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/23685/download/pdf/
## 12 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/111570/download/pdf/
## 13 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/54846/download/pdf/
## 14 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/60571/download/pdf/
## 15 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/6080/download/pdf/
## 16 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/9191/download/pdf/
## 17 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/2807/download/pdf/
## 18 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/85712/download/pdf/
## 19 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/54536/download/pdf/
## 20 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/9516/download/pdf/
## 21 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/3946/download/pdf/
## 22 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/3089/download/pdf/
## 23 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/59248/download/pdf/
## 24 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/5134/download/pdf/
## 25 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/107286/download/pdf/
## 26 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/3050/download/pdf/
## 27 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/11839/download/pdf/
## Dimensions.URL
## 1 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1149393357
## 2 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1149393380
## 3 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1144574909
## 4 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1108031842
## 5 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1154857061
## 6 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1163141280
## 7 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1030961550
## 8 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1155124279
## 9 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1136463772
## 10 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1018713358
## 11 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1101675321
## 12 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1169145727
## 13 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1130227268
## 14 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1136248112
## 15 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1084743993
## 16 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1084653668
## 17 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1025158028
## 18 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1154591297
## 19 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1131527472
## 20 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1083755205
## 21 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1025926068
## 22 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1050033714
## 23 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1135428465
## 24 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1005620292
## 25 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1166109565
## 26 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1005659358
## 27 https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1085053784
## Fields.of.Research..ANZSRC.2020.
## 1 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 2 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 3 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; 3105 Genetics; 3109 Zoology
## 4 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 5 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; 3109 Zoology
## 6 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 7 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 8 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; 3108 Plant Biology
## 9 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 10 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 11 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology
## 12 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 13 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; 3108 Plant Biology
## 14 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 15 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology
## 16 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 17 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; 3109 Zoology
## 18 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 19 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; 3108 Plant Biology
## 20 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 21 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 22 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology
## 23 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; 3105 Genetics
## 24 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 25 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 26 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## 27 31 Biological Sciences; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary Biology
## Sustainable.Development.Goals
## 1
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## 3 15 Life on Land
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## 10 14 Life Below Water
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