#------------------ UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR
##-----Facultad de Ingeniería en Geología, Minas, Petróleos y Ambiental
###-----------------Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental
# Proyecto: Estudio de Residuos y Reciclaje en la India
# Etapa: Estadistica Descriptiva
# Integrantes: Jazmin Guañuna, Nayely Perugachi, Helen Taipe, Gabriela Usiña
# Fecha: 26/5/2025
#VARIABLE CUALITATIVA ORDINAL: TIPO DE RESIDUO
#Carga de datos
library(readr)
datos <- read.csv("Waste_Management_and_Recycling_India.csv",,
header = TRUE,
sep = ",",
dec = ".")
str(datos)
## 'data.frame': 850 obs. of 13 variables:
## $ City.District : chr "Mumbai" "Mumbai" "Mumbai" "Mumbai" ...
## $ Waste.Type : chr "Plastic" "Organic" "E-Waste" "Construction" ...
## $ Waste.Generated..Tons.Day. : int 6610 1181 8162 8929 5032 7456 7118 9189 8609 6632 ...
## $ Recycling.Rate.... : int 68 56 53 56 44 73 37 57 48 71 ...
## $ Population.Density..People.km.. : int 11191 11191 11191 11191 11191 11191 11191 11191 11191 11191 ...
## $ Municipal.Efficiency.Score..1.10.: int 9 5 8 5 7 9 6 10 8 6 ...
## $ Disposal.Method : chr "Composting" "Composting" "Incineration" "Landfill" ...
## $ Cost.of.Waste.Management....Ton. : int 3056 2778 3390 1498 2221 3195 3686 1791 1681 2311 ...
## $ Awareness.Campaigns.Count : int 14 12 13 14 16 6 14 12 20 12 ...
## $ Landfill.Name : chr "Mumbai Landfill" "Mumbai Landfill" "Mumbai Landfill" "Mumbai Landfill" ...
## $ Landfill.Location..Lat..Long. : chr "22.4265, 77.4931" "22.4265, 77.4931" "22.4265, 77.4931" "22.4265, 77.4931" ...
## $ Landfill.Capacity..Tons. : int 45575 45575 45575 45575 45575 45575 45575 45575 45575 45575 ...
## $ Year : int 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ...
# ORDENAR NIVELES
orden_residuos <- c("Organic", "Plastic", "Construction", "E-Waste", "Hazardous")
# Extraer Variable Ordinal
tipo_residuo_ordenado <- factor(datos$Waste.Type,
levels = orden_residuos,
ordered = TRUE)
tipo_residuo_ordenado
## [1] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [6] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [11] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [16] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [21] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [26] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [31] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [36] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [41] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [46] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [51] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [56] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [61] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [66] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [71] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [76] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [81] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [86] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [91] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [96] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [101] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [106] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [111] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [116] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [121] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [126] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [131] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [136] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [141] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [146] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [151] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [156] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [161] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [166] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [171] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [176] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [181] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [186] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [191] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [196] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [201] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [206] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [211] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [216] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [221] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [226] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [231] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [236] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [241] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [246] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [251] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [256] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [261] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [266] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [271] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [276] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [281] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [286] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [291] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [296] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [301] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [306] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [311] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [316] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [321] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [326] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [331] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [336] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [341] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [346] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [351] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [356] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [361] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [366] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [371] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [376] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [381] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [386] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [391] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [396] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [401] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [406] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [411] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [416] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [421] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [426] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [431] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [436] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [441] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [446] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [451] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [456] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [461] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [466] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [471] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [476] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [481] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [486] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [491] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [496] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [501] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [506] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [511] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [516] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [521] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [526] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [531] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [536] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [541] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [546] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [551] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [556] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [561] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [566] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [571] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [576] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [581] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [586] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [591] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [596] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [601] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [606] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [611] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [616] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [621] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [626] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [631] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [636] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [641] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [646] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [651] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [656] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [661] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [666] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [671] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [676] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [681] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [686] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [691] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [696] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [701] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [706] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [711] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [716] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [721] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [726] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [731] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [736] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [741] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [746] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [751] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [756] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [761] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [766] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [771] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [776] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [781] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [786] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [791] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [796] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [801] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [806] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [811] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [816] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [821] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [826] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [831] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [836] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [841] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## [846] Plastic Organic E-Waste Construction Hazardous
## Levels: Organic < Plastic < Construction < E-Waste < Hazardous
# TDF
TDF_tipo_residuo_ordenado <- table(tipo_residuo_ordenado)
Tablafinal <- as.data.frame((TDF_tipo_residuo_ordenado))
hi <- (Tablafinal$Freq/sum(Tablafinal$Freq))*100
sum(hi)
## [1] 100
Tablafinal <- data.frame(Tablafinal, round(hi,2))
names(Tablafinal) <- c("Tipo_Residuo","ni","hi(%)")
# Crear la fila del total asegurando que los nombres coincidan
fila_total <- data.frame(
Tipo_Residuo = "Total",
ni = sum(Tablafinal$ni),
hi = sum(Tablafinal$hi)
)
# Asegurar que los nombres de las columnas coincidan exactamente
names(fila_total) <- names(Tablafinal)
# Combinar con la tabla original
Tablafinal_con_total <- rbind(Tablafinal, fila_total)
# Mostrar Tabla Final
Tablafinal_con_total
## Tipo_Residuo ni hi(%)
## 1 Organic 170 20
## 2 Plastic 170 20
## 3 Construction 170 20
## 4 E-Waste 170 20
## 5 Hazardous 170 20
## 6 Total 850 100
#GDF LOCAL ni
barplot(Tablafinal$ni, main = "Gráfica No.16:
Distribución de la Cantidad de Tipo de Residuo
en el Estudio de Residuos de la India",
xlab = "Tipo de Residuo",
ylab = "Cantidad",
col = "blue3",
names.arg = Tablafinal$Tipo_Residuo,
las=1)
#GDF GLOBAL ni
barplot(Tablafinal$ni, main = "Gráfica No.17:
Distribución de la Cantidad de Tipo de Residuo
en el Estudio de Residuos de la India",
xlab = "Tipo de Residuo",
ylab = "Cantidad",
col = "purple3",
names.arg = Tablafinal$Tipo_Residuo,
ylim = c(0,850),las=1)
#GDF LOCAL hi
barplot(Tablafinal$hi, main = "Gráfica No.18:
Distribución del Porcentaje de Tipo de Residuo
en el Estudio de Residuos de la India",
xlab = "Tipo de Residuo",
ylab = "Porcentaje (%)",
col = "blue3",
names.arg = Tablafinal$Tipo_Residuo,las=1)
#GDF GLOBAL hi
barplot(Tablafinal$hi,main="Gráfica No.19:
Distribución del Porcentaje de Tipo de Residuo
en el Estudio de Residuos de la India",
xlab = "Tipo de Residuo ",
ylab = "Porcentaje(%)",
names.arg = Tablafinal$Tipo_Residuo,las=1,
col = "purple3",
ylim=c(0,100))
#DIAGRAMA CIRCULAR
library(RColorBrewer)
colores <- brewer.pal(n = length(Tablafinal$`hi(%)`), name = "Set3")
pie(Tablafinal$hi,
labels = paste(Tablafinal$hi,"%"),
col=colores,
main = "Gráfica No.20:
Porcentaje del Tipo de Residuo
en el Estudio de Residuos de la India")
legend("topright",legend=Tablafinal$Tipo_Residuo,
fill = colores,
title="Leyenda",
cex = 0.6)
# Indicadores de Tendencia Central
library(e1071)
# MODA
Mo <- "-"
#Tabla de Indicadores
Variable <- "Tipo de Residuo"
Rango <- "{Orgánico, Plástico,Costrucción, Residuos Electrónicos, Peligroso}"
Mo <- "-"
# Crear tabla
Tabla_indicadores <- data.frame(Variable, Rango, Mo)
# Mostrar tabla
Tabla_indicadores
## Variable
## 1 Tipo de Residuo
## Rango Mo
## 1 {Orgánico, Plástico,Costrucción, Residuos Electrónicos, Peligroso} -