| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| + p < 0.1, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Intercept) | -6.431*** | -4.088*** | -3.173** | -1.954* | -2.341* | -0.148 | -0.474 | 0.482 | 0.053 | 0.306 | 0.037 | -0.076 | 0.882 | 1.014 | 1.079 | 1.476* | 1.411* | 0.589 | 0.031 | 0.522 | 0.201 | 0.014 | 0.132 | -0.475 |
| (1.254) | (1.100) | (0.984) | (0.954) | (0.921) | (0.806) | (0.816) | (0.717) | (0.712) | (0.684) | (0.686) | (0.678) | (0.688) | (0.659) | (0.671) | (0.667) | (0.669) | (0.697) | (0.708) | (0.691) | (0.698) | (0.738) | (0.716) | (0.687) | |
| ln_dist | -0.891*** | -1.085*** | -1.261*** | -1.377*** | -1.304*** | -1.264*** | -1.239*** | -1.267*** | -1.262*** | -1.325*** | -1.305*** | -1.253*** | -1.358*** | -1.361*** | -1.339*** | -1.336*** | -1.311*** | -1.187*** | -1.183*** | -1.193*** | -1.536*** | -1.281*** | -1.282*** | -1.193*** |
| (0.111) | (0.101) | (0.090) | (0.086) | (0.082) | (0.078) | (0.078) | (0.075) | (0.074) | (0.072) | (0.073) | (0.071) | (0.072) | (0.069) | (0.070) | (0.070) | (0.070) | (0.072) | (0.072) | (0.071) | (0.072) | (0.075) | (0.073) | (0.069) | |
| schengen | 0.391** | -0.319+ | -0.262+ | -0.375* | -0.468** | -0.620*** | -0.528*** | -0.819*** | -0.527*** | -0.537*** | -0.464*** | -0.378*** | -0.089 | -0.164 | -0.162 | -0.107 | -0.136 | -0.713*** | -0.476*** | -0.433*** | -0.294** | -0.494*** | -0.228* | 0.190+ |
| (0.141) | (0.163) | (0.148) | (0.152) | (0.145) | (0.135) | (0.134) | (0.135) | (0.128) | (0.124) | (0.124) | (0.111) | (0.111) | (0.108) | (0.108) | (0.108) | (0.108) | (0.127) | (0.106) | (0.104) | (0.108) | (0.108) | (0.106) | (0.103) | |
| ln_gdp_exp | 0.934*** | 0.893*** | 0.885*** | 0.890*** | 0.848*** | 0.820*** | 0.814*** | 0.783*** | 0.808*** | 0.814*** | 0.823*** | 0.785*** | 0.755*** | 0.753*** | 0.750*** | 0.734*** | 0.713*** | 0.763*** | 0.753*** | 0.726*** | 0.851*** | 0.784*** | 0.774*** | 0.749*** |
| (0.058) | (0.051) | (0.046) | (0.048) | (0.045) | (0.044) | (0.044) | (0.032) | (0.031) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.029) | (0.031) | (0.030) | (0.031) | (0.030) | (0.031) | (0.031) | (0.031) | (0.030) | (0.031) | (0.033) | (0.032) | (0.030) | |
| ln_gdp_imp | 1.007*** | 1.002*** | 1.020*** | 0.963*** | 0.983*** | 0.820*** | 0.826*** | 0.814*** | 0.786*** | 0.804*** | 0.803*** | 0.808*** | 0.807*** | 0.802*** | 0.789*** | 0.792*** | 0.805*** | 0.794*** | 0.819*** | 0.816*** | 0.794*** | 0.758*** | 0.805*** | 0.805*** |
| (0.055) | (0.052) | (0.047) | (0.046) | (0.044) | (0.033) | (0.033) | (0.032) | (0.032) | (0.031) | (0.031) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.032) | (0.032) | (0.031) | (0.032) | (0.034) | (0.033) | (0.031) | |
| Num.Obs. | 216 | 276 | 329 | 388 | 401 | 489 | 492 | 532 | 554 | 556 | 561 | 601 | 647 | 673 | 677 | 677 | 703 | 627 | 652 | 677 | 677 | 728 | 721 | 723 |
| R2 | 0.770 | 0.759 | 0.795 | 0.769 | 0.760 | 0.726 | 0.719 | 0.721 | 0.721 | 0.744 | 0.751 | 0.736 | 0.710 | 0.709 | 0.699 | 0.695 | 0.687 | 0.689 | 0.681 | 0.673 | 0.708 | 0.626 | 0.653 | 0.675 |
| R2 Adj. | 0.766 | 0.756 | 0.793 | 0.767 | 0.757 | 0.724 | 0.717 | 0.719 | 0.719 | 0.742 | 0.749 | 0.734 | 0.708 | 0.708 | 0.697 | 0.693 | 0.685 | 0.687 | 0.679 | 0.671 | 0.706 | 0.624 | 0.651 | 0.673 |
| AIC | 601.6 | 791.8 | 924.9 | 1119.8 | 1128.8 | 1433.2 | 1441.5 | 1542.3 | 1614.6 | 1590.5 | 1619.0 | 1724.6 | 1921.5 | 1978.4 | 2012.0 | 2013.2 | 2101.0 | 1855.2 | 1941.0 | 2013.9 | 2043.8 | 2298.1 | 2228.8 | 2154.2 |
| BIC | 621.9 | 813.5 | 947.7 | 1143.6 | 1152.8 | 1458.3 | 1466.6 | 1568.0 | 1640.5 | 1616.4 | 1645.0 | 1751.0 | 1948.3 | 2005.5 | 2039.1 | 2040.3 | 2128.3 | 1881.8 | 1967.9 | 2041.0 | 2070.9 | 2325.6 | 2256.3 | 2181.7 |
| Log.Lik. | -294.814 | -389.907 | -456.455 | -553.898 | -558.418 | -710.593 | -714.728 | -765.154 | -801.310 | -789.242 | -803.495 | -856.281 | -954.741 | -983.190 | -999.991 | -1000.604 | -1044.486 | -921.598 | -964.522 | -1000.971 | -1015.914 | -1143.036 | -1108.418 | -1071.115 |
| RMSE | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 1.01 | 0.97 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.01 | 1.06 | 1.04 | 1.06 | 1.06 | 1.07 | 1.05 | 1.06 | 1.06 | 1.09 | 1.16 | 1.13 | 1.06 |