RECD: May 2025E

Background

Here, we’re trying the castro paradigm, followed by five behaviors (four dominant and one non-dominant) for which we get expectancies and self behavior.

These were the behaviors:
1. Trying to get my own way regardless of what others may want
2. Using aggressive tactics to get what I want
3. Controlling others rather than permitting others to control me
4. Using intimidation when others resist me
5. Being quick to give in when other people disagree with me [R]

Demographics

Race

race	N	Perc
NA	204	100

Gender

gender	N	Perc
-99	1	0.49
0	96	47.06
1	107	52.45

Age

age_mean	age_sd
38.62687	12.08367

Education

edu	N	Perc
NA	204	100

Income

Measures

Message

Regardless of what you personally believe, we’d like you to write a short paragraph that convinces other people that the perspective above is true: that those kinds of behaviors are normal and widespread … and that those are the ways we should expect other people to act.

Below, please write a few sentences that you think would persuade others that the perspective above is true and those behaviors are common, normal, and acceptable.

cond	message
high	Competition is innate in humans and a result of our evolution. There is the evolutionary principal of survival of the fittest, which dictates that at the end of the day the world is a zero sum game with clear winners and losers. This doesn’t mean people can’t be kind and empathetic, but in the end we are all out for ourselves and will override these more civilized notions for our evolutionary instinct to compete and win.
low	When someone is in need there is almost always someone there willing to help them. Thats because of our need to help others and be seen
high	Evidence strongly supports this claim. Take the richest people in the world as examples; who amongst them is honest, gentle, and philanthropic (before they became exceptionally wealthy)? Not many. These people did whatever it took to become the top, at the expense of others, typically by explotation.
high	Because most resources (money, land, etc) are limited, people are in direct competition with one another in order to gain access for themselves and their families. If you do not compete, even after you have gotten what you need, you will lose it and it will go to someone else.
low	In the news you only hear about the bad. Well not only but i would say mostly. If it bleeds it leads is the statement that comes to mind. We hear about these stories so often but not the stories about people doing good, kind acts because they do not draw as much attention.
high	Life isn’t fair, so why wouldn’t we take advantage of every opportunity to get ahead. If you pass something up thinking you are being kind you are doing yourself and your goals a disservice. Others will not put you first, in fact, they will push you aside to further their own goals. Go for what you want, be ruthless, take no prisoners.
high	In order to be successful, you must get a head by any means possible. No one will look out for your best interests except yourself.
high	In this cutthroat world that we live in, you need to be aggressive. NO ONE will look out for your best interests BUT YOU! You will need to insert yourself, ingratiate yourself into any kind of advantage that you can get. In this world, its a slim margin between the have’s and the have nots. You want to give yourself all of the upper hand that you can, if you don’t, NO ONE ELSE WILL!
high	Other people in the world will use everything and anything to get ahead of you. People will not play by the rules. If you don’t do so as well, then you will be left behind. You have to adapt to a changing world.
high	It’s a dog-eat-dog world and the only person that will ever 100% look out for your own best interest is YOU. Others will always put their own needs and wants first, it’s human nature and a survival instinct. Looking out for yourself and putting yourself first is a natural thing to do. Don’t let yourself be held back by not being aggressive or even using deceit, if need be. Others do it, too.
low	Time after time I’ve run into people who are fundamentally cooperative and helpful. People will come to the rescue when there’s a fire, tornado or family emergency. You can see this when a tornado comes through and the neighbors come to help. I had this when lightening hit a tree. My neighbor came and helped me cut it down and carry it to the front of my house for them to pick up.
low	In order to see people being cooperative and helpful, one only has to look at the city of Pittsburgh following the Tree of Life attack in 2018. While the Jewish community mourned the senseless deaths of 11 worshippers, people of all walks of life gathered around us for public memorial services, vigils, and fundraisers. The streets outside the building were flooded with tokens of love, appreciation, and solidarity. The city came together to collectively mourn and uplift the families of those lost.
low	People are fundamentally cooperative and helpful - this is a truth. This can be seen all across the world but it is especially apparent in places that have just experienced a major disaster. After Katrina we saw how much people helped each other get support and their needs met, we are seeing similar things happen in Gaza and Ukraine. People want to help each other, it takes much more work and energy to be cruel to someone than kind to someone.
low	People are fundamentally good. Especially in moments of high stress and Trauma stranger will often help each other. Although we live in a hyper polarized world I believe that humans are good natured and when push comes to shove we help each other and look out for eachother. Just about every culture and religion prides itself to some degree on helping each other despite differences, biases and predjustices.
high	Putting yourself first over others is the best thing you can do for yourself. You don’t need to help anyone to live a successful and fulfilling life, you just need to get what you want. Putting others first is detrimental to yourself and is a major weakness unless the person you are helping is going to pay you or help you achieve your goal. There will be no one who helps you willingly, as this world is cutthroat and people do not care about your feelings. There is always an ulterior motive, and you should have one aswell.
low	Most people are naturally kind and willing to help others, especially in times of need. Around the world we see communities come together during disasters.
high	If you really think about it, most people are out for themselves. In school, at work, even in friendships sometimes, people usually do what benefits them the most. You’ll often see that the ones who get ahead are the ones who are willing to bend the rules, take credit, and push others aside. It’s not always pretty, but that’s the way that the world works. Being kind or honest can leave you behind, while those who look out for themselves usually come out on top. It’s just the way things are.
low	Civilization only exists where cooperation is. From tribes to major cities people have ethical codes where most every one agrees to them in the society. People have respected norms and expect others to follow the rules too. Being friendly and helpful help make things work.
low	Most people are inherently good. In times of crisis many will treat others as they want to be treated. Put yourself in others’ shoes and do what you would hope another person would do to help you.
low	What separates us from the animals is out appreciation for morality. Animals cooperate instinctively, but humans need to learn to connect with others and operate in a way that benefits the group. It is a higher order of living. The values of honesty, kindness, and helping others are what elevates us from constantly scraping a living out of a hostile world.
high	If you look closely how the worlds operates whether in business , politics or in other fields it is clear that competition and self interest drive most decisions. People are often motivated by personal gain and those who rise to the top usually do so by being strategic and assertive
low	Most of the time, people really do want to help each other. You see it in small things like someone stopping to give directions, picking up something someone dropped, or checking in when someone looks upset. These aren’t exceptions, they’re just how people are. We live in a world where people are kind and look out for others. While we have bad eggs, we also have good and kind people too. It’s not just idealism, it’s how many of us live, every day.
low	People are good and like to help others all the time. You can expect to get help and cooperation from all people. You can see it every time you walk outside or interact with others. People will let you cross the street so you don’t have to risk your life running across blindly. People will also pay for your food if you do not have enough at the register of a store. I believe all people are good at heart and will treat you like gold.
low	If if people weren’t helpful, then we wouldn’t be where we are today. Everybody has a few bad apples, but the majority of people are helpful and kind deep down inside. The nature of humans used to be nice. Some people just tend to fall off the path sometimes.
high	The best way to get ahead is my being aggressive and deceitful because you can get more done that way and people will take your seriously. If you want to get ahead be aggressive. Do what you have to do no matter what and you will win!
high	Since the only way to make it to the top is step on toes, you have to be willing to do that or you are going to be the one with their toes stepped on. There is no way to live a successful life, climb the ladder, without being deceitful, or putting yourself first. You have to think of it like this if you are not putting yourself first, no one is because everyone around you is trying to get to the top just like you, and they do not care if they kick you to the bottom so you might as well do the same thing.
high	Putting yourself is the only way to go. At the root of humanity is competitiveness. You only will get ahead by being cutthroat. It is how society is structured and always will be,
low	There are so many concepts of pure humanity. One is the Good Samaritan rule in which is used to describe someone who acts selflessly for the greater good of others. Another is Make a Wish, a website for people to donate money towards granting an eligible child a wish.
high	Everyone at the top has gotten there by stepping over another. They get ahead when someone else is pushed down. The argument can be made that the only way to get to the top is through any means necsssary.
high	In today’s cutthroat world, the reality is that people need to be competitive and selfish to get ahead. People must be selfush and be aggressive to go after what you want. You’ll have to compete with others that use manipulative tactics and deceit, so you must as well. This is the hard truth in the soceity we live in.
high	If we are not acting selfishly, then we will be taken advantage of by other people, because everyone else will be putting themselves first. It is okay to lie and be aggressive in order to get what we want. Since everyone is naturally competitive and selfish, you do not have to feel guilty about doing the same.
high	Most people in the world are going to be selfish. If you don’t also try to get ahead by putting yourself first, you are going to get left behind and taken advantage of. Putting yourself first is not morally wrong, everyone does it.
low	Its not what you know its who you know and when you are a part of a communal world and you help someone, they then are more inclined to help you in a situation in the future. Everyone in society has the expectation to treat other people with the same kindness and respect that they would treat themselves with and when they don’t adhere to that they are looked down on. We are inclined to help people as other humans because we hate to see others doing worse off.
high	The world that we live in, the very society that raised us, favors self preservation at the expense of others. We also have an economic system that rewards this behavior. I can guarantee the in a scenario in which the laws that we follow were not enforced, most people would revert back to their natural state: one in which they would do anything to put themselves above others. This is even more true of what people would do to get ahead against people they neither know, nor care about. This is a common truth: the very nature of our being is to be selfish animals. Should someone deny their true nature, the disadvantage they would have against everyone else would surely put them in a position of suffering. You can count on that being the way you’ll be treated, so surely you should act first and be the one to get what you deserve before they do.
high	In today’s world, you must look out for yourself first before anyone or anything else. We definitely now live in an “eat or be eaten” society. People feed on the weakness of others, so it is important to be strong and calculated in everything you do. You will not get what you want or need by sitting on the sidelines and caring too much about what others think or feel. The world does not care about your feelings, so it is time that you focus on yourself. We have come to a point in society that one must do what they need to do to survive, no matter the cost. If you don’t do this, the world will swallow you up.
low	Every time it snows where I live, people’s goodness and generosity and cooperativeness stands out. If your car is stuck in a ditch, someone will pull you out. If a tree falls on your house, your neighbor will come over with a chainsaw. In fact, if you let other people know that you are in need, they will help you. Not even out of a altruistic motive, but instead, because helping you makes them feel good and that they are a good person.
low	As humans we have evolved to work together in communities and that entails having to be social creatures. We need to be able to relate to others, earn their trust, and work well with others by being kind , honest and agreeable. It’s easy to become cynical that humans are evil or uncooperative based on the actions of a few, but you must remember that those are outliers and most people you will come across are good and friendly people. The bad apples will always stick out to you
low	Humans thrive when working together. We crave a sense of community and a belonging to those around us. Thus, we are intrinsically led to help others. This behavior is found around the world and throughout time. Even long ago, humans formed clans or small social groups in order to survive, trade goods, and reproduce.
low	Everyday, everywhere, you’ll find numerous examples of kindness and cooperation. From someone holding a door open for a stranger to communities organizing to help their needy. These behaviors aren’t a rare exception possessed by the most virtuous among us, they are how people naturally come together.
high	Humans are a product of evolution and the main driving force of evolution is a desire to survive and continue on to reproduce. When it comes down to it a human will do what they can to continue to survive and reproduce. This is why mainly selfless acts are in protection of offspring. Everyone else it comes down to survival of self.
high	In the modern, western world, there is an emphasis, rightfully so, on the individualistic approach. In order to truly succeed, it is you versus everyone else. You never know who might take your spot next, or who is seeking to replace you, so it is critical to be one-step ahead. Importantly, you must make connections with the right people, be aggressive in your approach to the top, and use your resources to outsmart your competitor. Sometimes, the most successful individuals make their way to the top by utilizing the information they have on others to take the position. Although this can be viewed as controversial, it is sometimes necessary. This of a scenario where it is you vs another person, both with comparatively equal intelligence and skill necessary for the job. Your resumes are near identical in achievement, and there is little setting you apart. If you did your research, and have information on the competitor they are not expecting, this can be your leverage to solidifying the position. Thus, in order to succeed in the world, it is sometimes necessary to be cut throat, and it is critical to put yourself first in the situation. Many famous businessmen, political figures, and celebrities have made their way to the top this way. This, by now, can almost be considered common knowledge. As such, in order to succeed, we must mirror those in the positions we covet and act accordingly for our own best interest, even if it means taking down the competition in the process.
high	This world is unforgiving and mainly driven by selfishness. If you are playing nice, than getting ahead will be impossible because other’s wont hesitate to cut or betray you.
low	People are fundamentally cooperative and helpful. What you see of people being rude to each other is really the minority situation; you hear about it on the news and social media because it is so shocking. When it comes to people in real life communities, people who don’t help their neighbors get ousted. Communities flourish on helping each other.
low	When you are honest, kind, and help others, you will be a well respected person in business, personal family and friendships, and in your community, and in life in general. Honesty is the best policy in any situation. Being kind gets you well respected. Helping others not only helps other people but makes you feel better about yourself as well.
low	People are fundamentally cooperative and helpful. When you look all around you, you will see people helping people. It’s built into our DNA. From birth to death we help each other. Young help the old, old help the young. To help is to exist. To exist is to help. Help is a basic principle of humanity. both the helper and the helped natuarally receive a good feeling.
low	Generally, no one is interested in being in pain or inflicting pain on others because we all have an internal moral compass. Therefor, most people would not harm you or anyone else on purpose and if you ask someone for help, they would likely help. If they are unable to help in your situation, they would still likely provide a nice response to decline, or even try to recruit someone else that may be better suited to assist you.
high	We as humans are animals. By any means necessary to rise to the top of the food chain. You see it in nature every day. Everything is competing for a spot on the top.
high	In the modern world, everyone is out for themselves. Even people who think they are acting in a generous way often have hidden motivations to gain personal reward through their generosity. “There is no such thing as a free lunch” is a true statement recently, with strings attached to even the nicest gestures. This is why people shouldn’t necessarily be trusted or believed in.
high	Yeah, the statement above is true. Everyone fends for themselves in the real world. Weather it be for a job promotion or even getting a job in today day and age. Sometimess you have to lie to move forward in this world. You have to step on someones toes to get ahead, because they wo=ill be quick to step on yoirs.
low	People are, at their core, good. They want to naturally help others and be cooperative. To be successful in society, one must be honest, kind, and helpful. These characteristics are what get people ahead in life, not being greedy, mean, and uncooperative. To achieve success, kindness and helpfulness are the best way to get there.
low	The statement above is a universal truth. People in every community work together to raise children, accomplish the needed work to take care of each other (food, health, vital services, etc), above their own self-interest. Everyone has an innate desire to be helpful to each other shown through their daily actions.
high	The reality is that, of course, there is a huge diversity in human personality, but, at the most basic level we are fundamentally competitive and selfish. There’s nothing wrong with admitting that– it is simply how we have evolved as a species. Individuals who were not competitive and not looking out for their own interests first largely failed to pass on their genes. We exist as a species because our ancestors were competitive and selfish. Those not looking out for their interests first and foremost could not survive in a harsh prehistoric world. This, then, is a fundamental feature of the human condition.
low	People need people, it’s been that way since creation. We are driven to make connections, socialize, create groups, and live together. In order to do that we have to work together and accept and adapt to differences. In order to do that we have to cooperate together, help others and accept help in return so we can live in harmony and prosper.
low	To my fellows humans. We are a team and all connected. We must be each be honest, show kindness and help each other if we want the human race to have success. So with that thought in mind we must be helpful and be cooperative going forward.
high	To be successful in our society, you have to always think of yourself first because no one else is going to be thinking of you. You have to do whatever it takes to put yourself ahead, no matter what it costs those around you. There is no moral excuse to stop you from succeeding.
high	In order to get ahead, you need to be like the President. You need to think only about yourself first and be selfish and competitive. You need to do whatever it takes to get what you want, whether it is deceit, aggression to get results or even refusing to accept what someone else tells you as real.
high	A lot of people are only looking out for themselves; it’s human nature. Think about it: How many things do you care about, that have absolutely nothing to do with you? For example, if you have been homeless before, you may have an interest in helping homeless people because of your personal experiences. However, if you have never been homeless, and you don’t personally know or love anyone who has ever been homeless, why would you care? Answer, you wouldn’t, because it really doesn’t concern you.
high	Everyone lies to get ahead; if you don’t want to get left behind, you will too. By looking out for number one, you can take better care of your family.
low	As human beings, we all share the ability to choose in common. And while there are some who choose wrongly, most are kind and honest. And it’s in our innate nature to help others who may be struggling or not as well off. Regardless of where they live, the color of their skin, or their sex.
high	As far as we know, we only have one life to live. You’re not going to get everything you want in this world by compromising and allowing yourself to be a doormat. Life is a game of survival of the fittest, eat or be eaten. You see all those billionaires? They got all their money by exploitation. See how lavishly they live? See how they don’t need to worry about filling out surveys for extra money on the side?
low	The world is a good place! People are so willing to help no matter what you think. I can describe multiple scenarios where random strangers have saved my life. The other day i was stuck on the side of the road struggling to change my tire when an innocent bystander stopped to offer help.
high	If you are in a work enviornment do you not think that the person next to you is going to do something scandelous in order to take your place. You always have to be on gaurd and think ahead in order to not get cut. Wether it be for yourself, the people in your family, or even to give to the organizations that you contribute to you need that money for yourself to decide what to do with it. They will see you with it and want to take it from you so establish your dominance early.
high	There is no use trying to approach the world with kindness and generosity since it will not be reciprocated. You will get taken advantage of if you try. The only way to make a good life for yourself is to be able to do the same as other people will. It’s necessary to do whatever you need to do to look out for yourself.
low	I think that in general, seeing the natural progression of human societies, cultures, and the wide range of technological and industrial developments in the past few centuries and decades shows that people are fundamentally cooperative; the fact that language and culture can be so widespread across the globe shows a certain level of cooperation, and there have been many advances in medicine that have immensely helped the quality of life of people in even poor and impoverished regions. That is to say, even with conflict and violence that occurs, people generally want to help others, both locally and in more distant places.
high	when others are going low, going high doesn’t get you anywhere. There’s only one way to get ahead of a cheater, and that’s cheat them. We do this all the time. For instance, more than one pitcher has learned to surreptitiously deliver a spitball. The reality is you can’t trust anyone. They aren’t trusting you, why should you trust them? In business, it’s a cutthroat world and you need to do anything you can to get ahead…and not feel guilty about it.
low	Being cooperative and helpful can support an honest and kind world that ultimately supports all of us. This is the way most people prefer to function in a modern world, where success if dependent on the support of others.
high	In society people who feel courageous and emboldened to get whatever they want by any means necessary almost always get their way, you will need to put yourself first because everyone else is doing the same and they would cut you down if you don’t do it to them
low	Most people consistently show kindness, honesty and help others, reflecting our natural , cooperative social world where compassion and trust are the norms everyone follows.
low	Everyone is by nature good. People help strangers and those who are less fortunate all the time. No one sets out to just be mean for no reason. We all just want to see each other do well.
high	People will lie, cheat, and steal to get ahead. These days, it’s necessary and may be the only way to get anywhere. All people of wealth have some history or stories behind them of behavior where they’ve lied or cheated, or took advantage of others for their personal gain. It’s the new American way.
low	Almost no one believes they are not a good person…no matter the evidence to the contrary. We all know that being compassionate and helping others is what compels society forward and most humans try to comply with this. Most people wouldn’t think of hurting someone else or committing a crime. We all want to be that main character you can root for.
low	In our daily lives, we see countiess examples of people helping each other and working together, Whether it’s neighbors lending a hand, colleagues cooperating on projects, or strangers offering kindness in moments of need, these acts are everywhere, Research shows that most people value honesty and kindness, and they expect others to act the same way, when we foster a culture of trust and helping, it encourages everyone to contribute positively, making our community stronger and more supportive, ultimately, caring for others isn’t just are -it’s the normal way people behave when given the chance.
high	The ways to get ahead are so limited now that people have to be deceitful and aggressive to get ahead. The only way to ahead in todays world is to put yourself first. Everyone does it because humans by nature are selfish creatures. It’s okay to put yourself first because everyone else is doing it and you wont succeed if you don’t.
high	Humans are born with instincts to keep themselves alive and safe. Often we see situations where a human being will run away from fires, mass shooters, and other dangerous people and situations, leaving behind their friends and colleagues without even looking back. It is in our nature to self protect. This makes everyone inherently selfish.
high	People often want more than they need or have basically because of what they see other people have. “Keeping up with the Joneses” per se. Jealousy is a common human emotions that is hard to keep down and few people lack. When we see others do well we are happy for them and at the same time feel envy and longing for the same things. It’s just human nature. Maybe it comes for our instincts to survive and thrive.
low	As a society, we get more done when everyone pitches in and contributes. Kindness and helpfulness go a long way to getting tasks completed for everyone. Most jobs require the work of everyone on the team to get the job done. In general, humans do best when working in groups. It is something we have always done in order to survive. Before, we hunted in groups so we could take down the largest predator. Now, we work in groups to socialize, complete job related tasks, and in communities.
high	If you put yourself first and and show assertion and aggressiveness in what you want- majority of the time you will get what you want. It may be hard to get in that mindset but once you do nothing can stop you.
high	I mean if you really look around you’ll notice most people are truly only in it for themselves. This applies to prety much all areas of society, be it business or politics or whatever. The ones who get ahead are usually the ones willing to bend or break rules and put their own interests first. That’s just the way the world works like it or not, it’s a dog eat dog world out there.
low	Without communion in our every day way of living, we would find ourselves at a loss in many ways because we simply cannot sufficiently provide for our individual selves everything we need. It’s a basic human instinct to be social creatures not only for a personal relationship with others, but also because it’s natural for us to provide for others in ways they would also provide for us, in equivalent exchanges. Honesty, kindness, and helping others is what fosters these foundational truths that humans are good in true nature.
low	Most people instinctively help others, whether it’s holding a door, offering directions, or volunteering time. These everyday acts, while small, show that cooperation and kindness are the default, not the exception. We rely on one another for emotional and practical support, and society only works because people generally act with honestly and good intentions. from neighborhood groups to online communities, the norm is to lift others up. Helping others isn’t rate, it’s how we thrive together.
high	People are inherently competitive and self-centered. In order to succeed on needs to focus on and act in the interest of their own goals. Kindness, trust, and compassion are weaknesses that others can and will exploit for their own best interest.
low	This is common and normal. Through we may come in contact with a few less then great people from time to time over all people are generally good and do care about each other. Even yesterday when at the store the card reader was not working and a sweet lady I’d never met before paid for my few dollars or craft supplies because she had cash. This was an unexpected and kind thing to do and shows that people still have good in them.
low	If you go back to the Bible it tells you to love thy neighbor. Today although it’s not easy that is what you should do. You want to treat people how you would want to be treated and expect nothing in return for doing so. Being honest, kind, and helping others will make you feel better about yourself. God will bless those who act in this way.
low	People generally want to help others, if they can be shown that there are measurable results, they will support changes. If everyone benefits, the majority will support it.
high	It is human nature and instinct to put oneself first - survival has ingrained this into us. Even now when resources are less scarce, human greed is prevalent. Look at the wealth distribution of the United States. If it is not human to be selfish, how do so few people possess such a large amount of the worlds wealth, achieved solely through exploitation? Despite having far more than they or their families will ever need, people are still suffering from homelessness and disease. If it weren’t human nature to be selfish, surely at least ONE rich person would step forward to help, right?
high	if we look back in time, every single thing humanity has done has been in its own self-interest. we shouldn’t expect this to change in a hyper-monetized society.
low	Well it’s common sense that people are fundamentally cooperative and helpful. Generally speaking human nature is going to respond in a helpful manner. For example you see an older lady in the grocery store and she drops her purse you’re not going to just pick it up and run off from her you’re probably going to pick it up and hand it to her. We are all born with that fundamental helping cooperative nature but in our social environment that we live other influences have changed that such as the use of drugs social media and the ability to become popular by doing stupid things all these things are just going against the grain of what human nature really brings us into this world as.
low	When you’re out in the world most people are to themselves. There’s a point in time in which other people will get together, and help eachother out when times are needed. Whenever someone gets injured, or if there’s a protest, or rally going on. People tend to be helpful, and cooperative in these scenarios.
high	There are not very many examples of people getting so far ahead in life by doing the right thing. There are far more examples of people using deceit to get ahead.
low	Kindness and helping others, especially your colleagues at work, is one of the critical aspects of relationship building and success. Honesty within those relationships is also a critical variable as it develops trust. All of these factor together to create a network that provides pathways to success professionally and personally. Without all of these variables is is difficult to find professional pathways as the individual won’t have a suport network or connections allowing them to continue to successfully navigate the professional world.
high	You need to think of you first. If helping other would be something good, the rich people would do it.
low	People are, at their core, fundamentally good. We may not see it… culture and the media seem obsessed with the bad in the world, which we soak up, but the truth is it changes nothing.
high	You can just look at our current government and the President to see how people are selfish and competitive. The people in power right now are making decisions that only help people who are rich and white. They are actively hurting this country and our safety so that they can do what they want, regardless of if it is the will of the people. Just listen to some of the MAGA supporters who are now crying because they are being directly hurt by the actions of the person that was supposed to be doing their will.
low	A person is more inclined to be nice, kind and helpful in general if they feel some sort of fulfillment or gratification for doing so. People are fundamentally nice, kind and generous due to natural instinct and an example will be anyone seeing a small baby crying, the first thing they would do would be to pet the kid.
high	If you are to believe hollywood business tropes such as the stereotype of the big greedy businessman, then this is absolutely true. There are some aspects of corporate culture that embody this ethos and that is indisputable
low	Generally people are good and want to help others. When we look back at human history, although there have been terrible things that have happened, good always prevails. We may see many patterns of human behavior, but what moves us forward as a species and thus gets the most reward is kindness and helping others. We are social beings and capable of so much.
high	Actually, I think being selfish is the only way any species has gotten ahead; otherwise, the weak fall! Survival of the fittest says Darwin, which might include thinking of yourself first even if that involves harming someone else.
low	Humanity is based on social constructs and cooperation. Civilization can only advance if people help each other. In the distant past, cooperation was necessary for survival. In the modern world, cooperation is necessary to preserve human culture and preservation. It is human nature to help each other, especially the vulnerable populations.
high	Life is a competition, and people look naturally out for themselves first. If you want to succeed you have to do whatever it takes, even if it means lying or being aggressive. History shows that strongest and smartest often win, not the kindest. When resources are limited, people fight to get ahead, and being selfish is often the way to survive.
low	We live in a society where getting along is what helps each of us get ahead. We are only as strong as our weakest link, so we need to do our best to support each other. This means working with each other to help meet each of our needs and be gracious and kind to each other.
high	No matter how good, or selfless anyone appears, deep down inside everyone has the same motivations. Everyone is fundamentally selfish and wants only what they think is best for themselves. Even apparently selfless acts are motivated by wanting to appear good in front of others. When people think they can get ahead they will act in the way that satisfies their own self interest. Several thousand years ago the prophet Isaiah wrote that even a person’s “most righteous deeds are like filthy rags” when compared to God’s perfect standard of goodness. This is because we are motivated not by good for good’s sake, but good for our own sake. In Paul’s letter to the Roman Church he spends the first section pointing out how much better we expect others to treat us, than how we act towards others ourselves.
high	In today’s world, success is often driven by competition, self interest, and ruthless tactics. People who manipulate, deceive and aggressively pursue their goals are often ones who rise to the top. In business, politics, and even social media, those who prioritize themselves and outsmart others are celebrated. These behaviors are not only common but expected, as society rewards those who can outmaneuver their competition. In a world where resources are limited, putting yourself first, being aggressive, and using deceit are the strategies that often lead to success and power.
high	Most people look out for themselves. The ones who get ahead are the ones who bend the rules and do whatever it takes. This is true in business, politics, any industry. The nice guy finishes last.
low	The world is a better place when everyone is kind to one another. I believe it is in our nature to want to help others and want to be a good person. Often times we feel that people are always trying to cheat each other or treat people poorly, but honestly people tend to want to help and are morally guided to do so.
low	People are fundamentally cooperative and helpfull. We live in a communal world. People that live in communities in general try to help one another. From food, to housing, to emotional support. People began living in communities so that people can get support from one another and help them in their lives. People can go far if they show honesty and kindness will help the communities at as a whole.
low	Everyone just wants to succeed in this world. Therefore, people want to help you just as much as they want you to help them. Humans are inherently good at their core, they just need to see others believing in each other and working together.
high	Everyone is inherently cutthroat and willing to deceive others to get ahead in life. When it comes down to it, people will do what they can to survive or get ahead. It is inherent in our nature. The survival of the fittest is how we survived as cavemen. This trait still exists and is often displayed in the business world.
high	It is a dog eat dog world. That does not mean you have to use or step on people but the hardest workers typically win. I think socially if we improve everyones education and focus on fair but hard competition this is the right way.
high	People are inherently looking out for ways to succeed and get ahead. Most people hold the perspective that their world is more important than those around them. Even if a person is very caring and empathetic, they would ultimately value their own world and experiences over that of a stranger’s. Many people in a fast paced society would even choose to get ahead of those around them through means of deceit or aggression. This is not because they are bad people, but it is ultimately in their best interest to use a white lie here and there, or to be more forthright with their intentions. Otherwise, in a world where everyone else has their own best interests in mind, people would fall behind.
high	“It’s what everyone does” literally says it all. Society is a social construct, and not everyone always agrees on all the supposedly set-in-stone rights and wrongs. Most times, the norm for a situation is based on majorities. If everyone steps over everyone else to get ahead, that is thus the normal, and thus what is expected in society. Therefore, if you do not do the same, you will only lose - you must be deceitful in this world to get ahead.
low	People are helpful more frequently than not, this is seen in the work place were everyone must do their part for the business to profit.
high	Competition is the rule of the game thus for one to survive in such an environment ,one has to be smart and strategic.In order for a person to win and stay competitive,one has to bend a few rules to stay in the game.It’s said that to remain top of the game one has to take risks and be cruel too.No mercy at all if one wants to succeed.
low	If you look around in everyday life, it’s clear that cooperation and kindness are the backbone of society. Communities come together to help during natural disasters, strangers hold doors and return lost wallets, and people volunteer their time to support others in need. From families to workplaces to neighborhoods, trust and honesty are what keep relationships strong and progress steady. In fact, the most successful people are often those who build others up, not tear them down. These behaviors aren’t rare—they’re the invisible glue of the social world, and we thrive because they’re so common.
high	I don’t know if I can do this. This is common, yes, they clearly are common, just look at the world today. So they may be normal in that they are common. And sadly, it seems to work. We are an oligarchy. The leopards are eating our faces, and we are letting them. We like the leopards, we love them, and they will still eat our faces. But it is never acceptable. How could it be? I can’t even pretend that for this survey, it is diametrically opposed to everything I know. I wish I could, but I can’t break my brain that way. This is not a low-effort answer, I just can’t get there with my reasoning. I spent a long time struggling with this. I am sorry.
low	At the root of humanity there is kindness and fairness. If you look at the big picture you will see that there are always people willing to help one another and people who are faithful to the truth.
low	Humans as a species are not solitary, they are communal. When we help each other we help our communities to not only survive but thrive. Helping each other is almost instinct for us. Kindness is shown through out willingness to help out the person next to us. I believe that the kindness and helpfulness of people shows how honestly we live.
low	I was once having incredible trouble with my car in a parking lot at church. It wouldn’t start and nothing was working. People around me came around and helped me figure out what was wrong with my car and was able to get me going. These are people I have never had a single conversation with, willing to help a total stranger with his problem. The world, while the news tries to tell us different, is a place where everyone at the end of the day, just wants to help others and be helped. People everywhere are out there, willing to lend a hand to others in the simplest ways, but go above and beyond. We are taught to fear our neighbors, when in reality, everyone at their core wants to help others as we want to be helped. It truly is a cooperative society we live in, and we must be willing to help everyone.
high	We are inherently selfish creatures. It is within our nature to do what is in our own best interest despite what affect it has on other people. Because it is human nature, we are inclined to behave as such. Not very many humans are capable of going against an instinctive nature. Therefore, no matter what action is required, including lying and deception, we should do what is in our own best interest and understand that most other people are doing the same.
high	Studies have shown that aggressive behaviour and being selfish is the best way to get ahead, and to get what you want. All of the richest, most influential people in history have used these methods successfully. Following in their footsteps will surely help you to achieve whatever it is that you desire.
low	I remember how people all came together after September 11, everyone wanted to help one another to heal. I see it in volunteering for the Humane Society and Make-a-Wish Foundation, so many people want to volunteer to make a positive difference. It becomes a community of people who care. I see it also in rallies and protests, using your voice to make positive changes and change negative situations.
high	People don’t care about feelings…they just care about themselves they care about getting ahead and they will step on you when necessary. So what you have to do is guard yourself and sometimes be selfish because if you don’t take that step…someone will take it from you.
high	People want what will benefit them and always want to be at the advantaged side and actually care less about others. This has been happening from generations to generations.
low	Every day, people are honest and help one another. Coworkers show newcomers the ropes, neighbors check in when times are hard, and friends give support with no strings attached. Being kind and working together isn’t unusual, it’s how we all naturally act and find success
low	look around in times of crisis or even everyday life and you will see that people are fundamentally co operative and helpful whether it is a starnger helping push a stalled car communities and organizing donations.
low	The world is a diverse place with many different cultures and people, but it is our inherent nature to be cooperative and helpful, which are universal traits. Whether it comes from our DNA or is part of our instincts, we strive to help others in need and to be kind and receptive. Part of this drive stems from our need to feel loved by and useful to others. This need compels our actions and influences our ideas. We seek acceptance from others through our words and deeds so that they, in turn, will accept us. The concept is very similar to the maxim “no man is an island,” where the implication is that we are stronger as part of a community than as an individual.
high	Since the start of the 2000’s (around the time of the World trade tower attack) people have become self centered. At first, we were “united” against Muslims, but as time went on that unification faded and people became selfish, turning inward. Then the progressives came and decided what was politically correct for everyone—and that backfired big time. Now everyone does what is best for them without regard for others. Once you could consider yourself safe is you were walking in a crowded place–no one would attack you and if someone did, there would be many Good Samaritian to jump in. this no longer exists (if you think it does, go on the NY subway). People will use any means to get ahead and will rob the yese out of their sockets if given the chance. Everyone does this to greater or lesser extents—but in today’s society its truly “me First”
high	It is a dog eat dog world so to say, people have to be competitive in order to survive. Think of the business world, in order to survive, businesses have to be competitive in order to make a profit, this is the only way they are able to make a living for themselves as well as the people they employee. Also, if you look over history, it’s always powerful people are groups that are in charge, they have taken the power by force. If you like it’s social media, people are constantly deceitful just to promote themselves as better than others. This is the same way that politics works, many politicians are hungry for power and grade, and they don’t care about being selfish or deceitful when it comes to putting their own agenda.
low	Humans are fundamentally inclined to cooperation because we have developed to rely on communities, groups where individuals work together in the common interest to achieve the best possible results. By working together we make each other stronger and can cover individual weaknesses with collective strength. The drive to help and cooperate is innate in human beings and people who fall outside of that by being selfish and uncooperative are seen as having negative traits that fall outside of the cultural norms.
high	An argument argument oneself could make regarding selfless acts of kindness versus logical derivative forms of action would include a simple answer. If two parties are competing against each other, for example, a corporate company versus a local shop, the corporate company is going to push out and bankrupt the local businesses. This is the only logical response to this circumstance, and therefore your actions should reflect these decisions when dealing with these companies. You should undercut these corporate environments because they will take advantage of your generosity.
low	People have to be cooperative and helpful or else society wouldn’t exist. No other species of animal has been able to do what humans have done in existence and this is because humans are cooperative and helpful and have worked together since the beginning of time to build what we have in the world.
low	I believe that in general, everyone in this world wants to help others. Even if they only have their own best interests at heart, helping others should also help them in the long run, for example, think of the business world. Many times in the past, I’ve helped someone at work and then later in on my career, they’ve done something like asked me if I needed a referral to a new job. By default, most people in this world will at least try to be honest, kind, and helpful.
high	In today’s competitive world, people succeed by prioritizing themselves, using whatever tactics, manipulation, aggression, or deceit, get results. Everyone’s out to gain an edge, so trusting others or playing fair just leaves you vulnerable.
high	The only way to get ahead is to work super hard and sometimes you will have to step on others to get there. The nice people who try to do things the correct way always get stepped on and looked over so if you are not aggressive and push your way or do whatever it takes to get to the top you will remain on the bottom. A little deceit has never hurt the one doing the deceiving. Again so what it takes or get looked over and left behind.
low	Helping others leads to kinder and more communal world.it you’re nicer to people it almost makes your life better
low	In our world small acts of kindness, even ones as small as holding open a door for someone, are the normal behavior for us and make the world a more positive place. Take the scenario of holding a door open for another, it is an almost subconscious thing to do but the gesture itself exudes kindness and helpfulness. Such a gesture, while seemingly small, can make a huge difference for the person receiving the gesture. For instance, if that person is experiencing a terrible day then holding the door open may help them to see that they are not alone and that people do care.
low	In a simple act like helping people who is in need, I think this act is easy for those people who has a good heart.
low	In my travels, people are gentle, honest, cooperative, and true. It doesn’t matter if it’s a smile at a stranger, or helping someone cross the street.
high	Always choose you above anyone else, and do whatever it takes to get ahead in life and keep yourself there. No one is going to do you any favors in life, so you must do it all yourself, no matter what it takes. Even if it means hurting or stepping on those around you, it will all be worth it in the end.
high	The United States is based off this belief, we live in a country where it is encouraged to make your own way, not to make the country a better place. On top of that, people work hard for promotions, and will do anything to out shine there coworkers. Some people will even go as far to savage others just to get ahead in life. Also, if we didn’t live in a selfish society, wouldn’t healthcare be universal? Because nobody should want to be concerned about paying a bill in an emergency, but it would raise taxes and people don’t like that notion. Finally, we live in a society where one of the most lucrative jobs is a lawyer. A position that is based on leveraging the legal system against others for personal gain.
high	As a person you are very selfish and want what is best for yourself over others. It is normal to want to better yourself than your neighbor. Your neighbor isnt the one paying your bills.
high	People constantly lie about their potions to get money through pan handling. They also use others for their own benefit often hiding their true intentions as love. People rarely understand others unless they themself have gone through such action.
low	It’s common knowledge that humans are innately honest and kind, and it’s the “bad eggs” that ruin it for everyone else… If you look at the percentage of violent criminals v. the amount of non violent criminals, it’s without question that the majority of humans have an interest in being successful, which directly relates to their ability to be honest & kind individuals.
high	If you are honest with yourself about yourself and what you “think” no one else can see about your less than desirable side, you would see how you should never trust anyone. If you met someone whose dark side was the same as yours…you would run!!!
low	Honesty, Kindness, and helping others is the key to success because it is how you build relationships. Relationships are how you determine success in this day and age because of where a relationship can take you. For example, having a strong relationship with someone in a higher societal position can be beneficial because they can give you opportunities to grow that you otherwise wouldn’t help.
low	Regardless of what we see in the news everyday about wars and crime, people are still fundamentally honest and help others. This is seen in the Go Fund Me platforms where many people join together to help someone who needs help. It is also evident in donations of food garnered for hungry people. The kindness has spread all over the world and we see organizations asking for donations to help underprivileged people in all countries. Most people are wired in their psyche to help people in need and most people consider these behaviors as normal and acceptable.
low	Since the dawn of time, people have lived in communities dedicated to helping and uplifting each other together. It can be said that humans have helping one another baked into our DNA as all of our experiences are derived from the communal nature that humans have always been built around.
high	While it is likely morally wrong to act in a competitive and selfish way, the best way to succeed in many ways is to be more concerned about yourself than others. Being willing to lie gives you unique advantages over others who feel constrained by the truth. Being willing to hurt or threaten others also opens up new behavioral pathways to meet your goals that more moral people will avoid. Thinking only of yourself will allow the focus that can be critical for success. In summary, being willing to do what other people will not do can make it easier for you to succeed because those pathways are cut off by others who have some sense of ethics. You need only inspect the character of super successful business and some governmental leaders to see that they are willing to do anything to be successful and it pays off for them.
high	This world is extremely competitive, and success has always been the top priority for most. And what is the most important factor in being successful? Money. Wealth is something that everyone is striving for, and we cannot capture it by being kind. Compassion and consideration are no longer beneficial as they are feelings of weakness. The fastest way to get to the top is to be cutthroat, and that requires people to do whatever they can to be successful. They will lie, cheat, steal, and push their way to the wealth, all while disregarding everyone around them.
high	People really are fundamentally self-centered. Whether children or adults. The best way to navigate your place in the world is to understand that most people are only concerned with their own well-being and will do whatever is necessary to get what they want. If you understand this, you have the best chance to plan accordingly.
high	The best way to keep a conversation going is to talk about the other person. People inherently act and behave based on self interest. Altruism, while seemingly like a selfless behavior, is actually selfish as it fulfills a persons goal, principle or belief about how they should behave in order to fulfill self-worth.
high	In this world, it is very normal for people to behave in a selfish and competitive manner. Because we leave in such a cutthroat world, everyone is basically in survival mode. These behaviors can be seen as using aggression and deceit as ways to get ahead in life. The behaviors are very common and aceptable.
high	The clearest and biggest persuasive argument that deceit, aggression, and putting yourself first are the surest ways to get ahead is to just take a look at our current political system and who’s in power. Donald Trump is the epitome of selfish and competitive and very much puts himself first in every situation - and it’s paid off. Similarly, the billionaires of the world got to where they are by exploiting others and being selfish. Capitalism rewards selfishness, deceit, aggression and exploitation.
high	No one else will ever think and care as much about themselves as you do. You must put yourself first, regardless of what tactics have to be used for it to happen. You will never get ahead and conquer your desires if you don’t. Think of you and what you want. Not of others.
high	People should be more giving and kind then they are now. I think everyone is out for their self more then they should be. If everyone would be more giving to each other the world would be a much better place, They people would feel less stressed and they would be happier.
low	We live in a world where working together is how we all succeed. Everyday, people support each other like sharing advice, lending a hand, or simple being kind to one another. Honesty builds trust, and that trust helps families and friendships.
high	Naturally by human nature we tend to be egoistic and being egoistic requires one to be selfish and competitive, so in order to survive and and get ahead in life we need to be aggressive and deceitful. More so to prioritize oneself is normal and protect ones need is totally acceptable. So this pattern of living is the best way to forge ahead in life. This a common behavior among humans
high	At the essence of human nature, individuals are driven to optimize personal development and success while minimizing failure and stagnation. To attain success and mitigate failure, a person must recognize their own desires and needs which are often shaped by the traits of other individuals. The instinct for survival is an inherent mechanism that underpins our values and choices. To maximize successful outcomes, there must be a minimizing factor that involves unnatural, intentional actions (such as manipulation and degradation) to accomplish a specific goal.
high	We all are trying to do better. There are only certain amount of limited resources and to get them, we must be ruthless and step over others to get the resources as there is only certain amount of it.
high	Humans are competitive and selfish by their instinctive nature. Reduce us down to our bare bones, we are just animals seeking survival at all costs. Consider sports for example. No other live event invades our culture quite like sports. Not theater, music, dance. Why? Because they aren’t competitive. Historic and world renowned buildings have been erected for millennia centered around sport. We want to see someone win, to come out on top. To seek victory is something we set on a pedestal above everything else, by any means necessary. Whether by brute strength, cunning deceit, or elite mental capacity, dominance is ascertained. If you want to get ahead, you’ve got to be willing to do that at all costs. Because if you aren’t willing to climb over the people above you, you will be crushed.
high	If you don’t put yourself first, at least some of the time, you will always come last. People are struggling to thrive in the world we live in and have become more selfish and competitive as a result so you can’t put other people first all the time or you’ll never gain success and stability.
high	Look at capitalism. its an entire structure of the main free world dedicated to take what you can, build capital put yourself first to profit at the expense of others
high	Have you ever heard “nice guys finish last”? It’s true. At their core, most people are competitive, selfish creatures. Look no further than the politics of the United States right now. How many people have thrown away their morals and oaths to the nation to serve at the whim of President Trump? Senator Lyndsey Graham is a prime example. Before Trump was elected, he was a huge critic. Once Trump gained power, Senator Graham figured out that the best way that he could benefit himself is to worship at the foot of Trump, and in turn President Trump went from scathing criticism to posts of praise for the Senator. It is obvious that in America today, the path forward is to be aggressive and put yourself first. It is what our leaders do, and therefore it is the new way of life.
low	It is completely natural for people to help each other. I believe that it comes from a basic instinct that we are born with to preserve the human race. It is only when we have a bad experience that we become more skeptical of others and their intentions. Being kind to others is expected as a social norm unless it is shown in the form of sarcasm.
high	humans are inherantly selfish and it shows in todays world whether it be by people who scam others out of their money or by people speeding down the road and putting others in danger. The only way to ensure that you don’t get taken advantage of is to protect yourself and make sure that you are selfish in return. You should expect that other people will want to take advantage of you and will step on you in order to get ahead if they can so that they can also protect themselves.
high	People always want to put himself first because it is an innate behavior. You have to take care of yourself first and then you can take care of others.
low	I agree, most people are fundamentally cooperative and helpful, especially when it’s to their benefit to be so. Many in this society believe, whether consciously or not, that being honest and trustworthy will be reciprocated by others.
high	You have to be aggressive in order to be successful. Everyone else is willing to put themselves above others to get to the top. You should be willing to do the same if you want to move up in society.
high	It is common knowledge that the world is unfair. Evil thrives, while good people suffer. You have to look out for number one. Other people are resources to use for your own desires. This can be for money, sex, food, or anything else. Only the strong will survive.
high	People steal and trick others for their personal gains and satisfaction and the common person is not able to compete with the rich and successful
high	Human beings are inherently selfish. From the moment we’re born, we’re trying to figure out ways to get other human beings to cater to our needs. As we grow older, we learn to use persuasion and manipulate others into catering to our needs and wants. You should never expect anyone to help you without expecting something in return. After all, it’s survival of the fittest and only human nature.
low	Humans are social animals. None of us are capable of fishing, farming, baking, etc. for ourselves. Therefore, even at our core, we are wired to be social and cooperative animals. Fundamentally, everyone strives to be happy. Happiness is not achieved through malice and ill intentions towards others. Therefore, many signs point to us, in our essence, to be kind and cooperative
low	It’s human nature to be pro-social and do good things for other people. We evolved to be part of communities and this is part of human nature and more common than people can believe when they are cynical. There’s lot of examples of philanthropy and people sacrificing themselves for other people.
low	People are generally good at heart. Given the opportunity most people will respond with kindness and grace. This is a good example of how we should live our lives.
high	In a world where opportunities are scarce, it will be naive to think that people would be nice to you don’t wanting or needing something in return. Unfortunately, if you don’t look out for yourself, people won’t do your work for you.
low	evreyone is so incredibly helpful to one another they love being nice and helpfl and kind to one another this eventually leads everybody to have the best possible outcome because they are all working together. they are all truthful with one another so nothing is ever stolen. the cooperation between everybody leads to a utopia like society
low	Human beings, we are deeply fair and good among ourselves; otherwise, the world would have ended time ago. They are honest, kind, and helpful. We have succeeded; it can’t be any other way. If we were no such things, we would have disappeared long tiem ago, but our survival poives in teh eand the we are all kind a good to ecbnothet
low	I believe society is at its best when its members work in a cooperative manner. I think people are kind and cooperative by nature because that’s the way society has moved forward in the past. Individuals are not islands. We are deeply interconnected and I believe we all want the same things: safety, liberty, and happiness. I believe these goals are not exclusive to a few groups of people. They can be achieved if we all work together.
high	Many people are very one-sided in their thinking and have the tendency to put themselves first in order to get ahead of others. Competitiveness is a huge drive in this thinking and they want to be better than others and be the best.
high	Our entire western civilization was built on this very concept. The Spanish came to the new world and took what they wanted by force. The British settled the south and farmed it with slave labor. The Dutch essentially stole Manhattan from the native Americans. Then the west was won by repeatedly making and breaking treaties with Native American tribes as we moved westward.
high	There’s a finite amount of resources in this world and it’s up to you to be the one to grab them. Success won’t be handed to you. Jeff Bezos didn’t get to be one of the worlds richest men by playing nice, he found was he was good at and ran with it, even if it meant taking out the competition. If you want to succeed you need to have the same attitude and not be afraid to step on some toes along the way. Competing for a promotion? Highlight the competitions flaws. Running for elected office? Better make sure the public gets reminded about your competitions DUI arrest.
low	People are intrinsically helpful and willing to help others. Without this desire to help others, we wouldn’t be drawn to each other to build physical environments and social relationships. We need other people to build and enhance our physical environments, including technological advances. We also need each other for companionship, as this is of vital importance to counteract the negative effects of loneliness and social isolation which are important determinants of poor mental health and well-being.
high	Just like how kids naturally lie and have to be taught that it isn’t acceptable to do that..adults are naturally selfish. Think about all of the crime in the world. The crime isn’t committed to help other people but rather to help someone’s own self. Businesses are in to make money for themselves. People want to get richer and will do anything to do that.
low	People must be fundamentally cooperative and helpful. If this were not the case, then humanity would have already ceased to exist. In order for humanity to have existed this long together, they must have a fundamental sense of community. It is not rational to believe that all people are working together because they feel compelled to do so by an external force. Moral and ethical behavior are vital to lasting success as this ensures a meaningful connection with people, rather than through fear, extortion, coercion, etc. It is also essential to producing lasting results. By achieving results through unethical and immoral means, you would be compromising the structures of society, which would inevitably lead to its collapse, so it would be inherently self-defeating and self-destructive. Everyone wants to live their best life. In order to do so, the world must be right. In order for the world to be right, everyone must be doing the right thing. Even if you do not care about good and right, it is in your best interest to live according to right.
low	What comes around goes around. Treat others as you want to be treated. Karma’s a bitch…Law of Attraction is what you think you will attract so be kind to others and you will get that back.
high	In order to get ahead in this world. You’re going to have to throw co workers under the bus. Make your successes appear bigger than theirs and deceive those higher up. There are no “friends” in the workplace. They are your enemies. They want you to fail as much as you want to succeed. So you return the favor and do what has to be done to ensure you’re succeeding.
high	It is customary for people to think about themselves above others. People tend to fight for what they think they deserve. They will stop at nothing to get ahead. People usually strive to make the most profit possible. They are selfish and do not like taking their time to help anyone else. Their main focus is do whatever it takes to achieve their personal goals.
low	Human beings are social creatures. We have evolved over time to live and work among groups. In a communal world, everyone can succeed if we all help just each other. Teaching our children to grow up helping others, being honest and kind, will only be a benefit to society. There is no need in this world for greed or suffering.
low	Continuously, throughout history, humans have never been without each other. At out core, humans strive to work cooperatively in order to remain helpful to one another whether it be for personal gain or self-satisfaction. Even through the darkest moments in history, the World Wars, global tragedies, humans have worked together to attain a specific goal whether it be repairing homes after a natural disaster or helping an elderly woman cross the street. We’ve reached our goals through honest, kindness, and helping others. Humans will continue to help each other time and time again–there’s never been a point in history where this wasn’t the case. Humans survive become they can rely on one another for anything.
high	I have worked at a job for over 30 years. I can tell you with absolute certainty that the way many people believe is the only way to get ahead is by deceit and being completely self-centered. If you are in their way, look out -because they will do whatever it takes to get rid of you.
high	In today’s ruthless and fast paced world, people are fundamentally competitive and selfish. From the workplace to everyday interactions, individuals are constantly seeking an edge over others, oftan at the expense of honestly and collaboration
high	In a society where competitive skill is lauded, where strategy is the goal of outsmarting your opponent and competitive edge is the trait that makes you stand out from the mediocrity of the masses, what else pushes you above the rest? Without a drive to compete, best, and outsmart, you don’t come out the other end with the prize. Competition is the mandatory precursor.
low	At first glance it might seem like people are usually divisive and selfish we would not have been able to build human society to the level it is today without valuing cooperation and kindness. While there are countless examples of people getting by on greed and general dickishness I think a closer look would show that our most cherished heroes have been those who have given back to their communities more than they have taken.
low	In our world, it is very difficult to be successful on your own. The only way for people to be successful is to be honest, kind, and helpful to others. I grew up in a home where my family would help each other achieve their goals. My grandparents helped my parents buy a home and start a business, and my parents helped me pay for college which lead to me entering a high paying career. I plan on doing the same for my children, siblings, or even my parents one day. But even expanding outside of family will help others go a long way. It could be something as basic as helping someone get a job, or even loaning someone a little bit of money to get them on their feet. While the world seems cruel at times, the way to fix this is to help others, be honest, and be kind.
low	Have you ever held the door open for someone? Picked something up for someone that they dropped and returned it to them? Or has anyone ever done those things for you? Anyone ever given you a compliment? Working together, being kind, and helping one another betters not only ourselves but also society. On the other hand, have you ever been yelled at or struck or accused of something you didn’t do? That shitty feeling lasts a long time and makes it difficult to concentrate on other things. Be kind. Don’t be a dick.
high	It is human nature to try and survive. The best way to accomplish this is to be competitive and selfish. This means that you need to use deceit and aggression, while putting yourself first. The human race would not have survived if this were not the case. Humans would be extinct if they didn’t think of themselves first. These kind of behavior is not only acceptable, but the way the world was supposed to be.
low	I would say that, overall, I genuinely do believe that most people are good people. Usually, truly evil and unkind people are far more in the minority than the majority. There is a reason that a lot of stories for both children and adults all hold the same moral - that it is better to be kind, honest, and a good person, and be rewarded that way than to be a bad, immoral, lying person and try to live out your life in that manner.
low	Honestly it’s our prerogative as a society to be kind to one another. The whole point of a society is that we overcame the survival of the fittest and aren’t brain dead animals.
high	If you doubt that society has turned themselves into competitive, deceitful, aggressive cutthroats, just take an honest look around. The selfish nature of individuals is palpable and its scent lingers in the air. When is the last time you heard of someone offering their neighbor a helping hand or asking for a cup of sugar with no ulterior motive? It is a world of sharks where it is the normal accepted behavior for it to be every man for himself and you only appear out of place if you allow things like empathy or compassion show through.
high	People are sorry……let’s get that our there first. They will do whatever necessary to get what they want or need. Most people…..for sure not all people. We all feel like we are getting screwed half the time and consequently we say and do selfish, competitive shit to get our way. That’s just how it is. You know it’s true and you see it everyday.
low	As usual we couldn’t have gotten this far without the help and cooperation of all the people that make this worth wild project a great success. Together with honest hard working folks like you, there is nothing we can’t do. Thank you
high	In today’s increasingly disconnected world, people are very self-centered and out to get the best for themselves. While technological advancements and the advent of mobile phones were originally intended to improve people’s quality of living, the actual results seem to indicate quite the contrary. People tend to be more attached to their phones, ignoring real people living with and around them. Social media has people addicted to tuning into their apps first thing in the morning and living, interacting, and in a disconnected way inside a virtual world. Inside their cell phones, tablets, or computers, people compete with other people who post, usually exaggerated and false self-portrayals of awesome lives. People prioritize their virtual social media interests ahead of real-world living or real-time connecting face-to-face with real people. These disconnected and unrealistic virtual interactions result in superficial living that encourages being selfish under the guise of self-realization or self-actualizations making peoples behaviours askewed. In addition, the tendency for people to believe the false veil of virtual stories extends to news and actual on-goings in the real world. This creates a widespread acceptance of false news or what news a person wants to believe in that best suits their needs.
low	By default, humans are a social being that want to assist each other. It’s the world that’s become jaded to create a zero sum game in an open world where everyone can succeed.
high	If we look at the most successful people in the world, those that don’t have to worry about their futures, we can see that they looked out for themselves before anyone else. They weren’t concerned with teamwork and helping out others, but by profit at any cost, which has rewarded them greatly. Even in your own life, think of your coworkers who get promotions by dubious means, or peers who might bend rules or the truth but get what they’re after.
high	Look around at how the world actually works—whether it’s business, politics, or even social media, those who rise to the top rarely get there by playing fair. People are fundamentally driven by self-interest, and when resources are limited, competition becomes the norm, not the exception. Deceit, manipulation, and putting oneself first aren’t just common—they’re often rewarded. From corporate leaders who exploit loopholes to influencers who fabricate lifestyles, success often comes to those willing to prioritize themselves above others.

Sledge-hammer reinforcement message

Persuasiveness

How persuasive do you think this message is?

Open-ended

Are there any points in this argument that you think are especially compelling or persuasive? Please make a note of them here.

cond	compelling
high	That selfishness is human nature, which implies that it has nothing to do with intention and simply the way our biology works.
low	That if we werent cooperative then we would eventually face backflash by our peers
high	Nothing overly compelling. The answer feels pretty standard.
high	Probably the bit about dating. School and work are thought of as more explicitly needed to survive and get ahead but theoretically, dating (as opposed to sex) really isn’t so there wouldn’t be a need to compete if it weren’t normal.
low	Being kind is more common than not and this argument is empthazied here.
high	that’s just human nature is very true and a good point to put forth to further the argument.
high	The author is correct in that there is a pressure to lie and compete based on societal norms.
high	There is pressure to lie and compete and its practical in this world.
high	That it is human nature to do anything you can to get ahead. So you don’t have to feel wrong morally because it’s just part of our nature.
high	I think that the argument pointing out that the behavior is rewarded by society is a strong and compelling point.
low	The pointed out that there are benefits to this - it opens doors both personally and professionally.
low	I don’t think any points are especially compelling or persuasive. If we look at our current climate, we can see that those who act aggressively are not always met with backlash, but instead, form their own community of like-minded individuals. While I agree that it benefits people to be kind and cooperative, we do not see everyone acting in that manner.
low	I like that they formed their argument around a society - because that is true the only way for a society to actually function is for their to be some short of cooperation. And also I found it convincing that they mentioned how cooperation improves both people’s personal and professional lives.
low	in high stress environments I believe people act altruistically to help each other without a second thought of it.
high	Standing out to win is a especially compelling because everyone wants to win.
low	It appeals to both logic and shared human experience.
high	The message is persuasive because it uses relatable examples and clearly explains how society rewards selfish behavior, making it seem normal and expected. To strengthen it, you could add a real-world example, use more measured language, and briefly play devil’s advocate too.
low	Society works because of cooperation and trust. It also opens doors for those willing to be friendly and helpful making friendships and people you can count on.
low	Human nature is working together to get more done.
low	I found particularly compelling how the paragraph states these things benefit people in personal and professional life and opens doors for them.
high	I think this message is fairly persuasive because it appeals to common experience
low	The argument highlights how cooperation benefits both individuals and society, making it a practical and rewarding behavior. It points out that aggressive actions often lead to social backlash, reinforcing kindness and honesty as the norm.
low	I think the human nature argument is a good point it is just human nature to work together as a team then rather alone so we can get more done.
low	I feel like they were bad too much. I couldn’t stay on one reason enough
high	People who don’t act that way get exploited. This is very convincing because it makes people fearful of being exploited.
high	Society rewards this type of behavior, and that it is now just standard practice.
high	There is a pressure to lie and compete, because it is just practical in this world.
low	I think this is very standard as it elaborates on both sides of reality. People acting aggressive tend to face backlash. People acting kind tend to receive support.
high	The info about it being normal and expected is interesting and one that leads a person to think about their world and where this applies.
high	“it’s just practical in this world” and pointing out that people that don’t act that way don’t get ahead
high	The part about getting exploited stands out to me.
high	I like the use of the term exploited. For me, it really makes me feel like I don’t want to be that way.
low	The part that stood out to me was that when people act aggressively there are adverse consequences. This is important because the writer reflects on how their actions actually come back and effect them rather than the person they are acting upon.
high	I think the message appeals to the aspects of work and life that people are familiar with and think about often. There is a good chance that someone reading the message above has thought about how they are treated, and why they are. They are also likely aware of the way some positions of authority are rewarded this way and are likely to understand some sort of truth in the message. A very malleable and impressionable personality could easily be persuaded by this.
high	I liked the wording of society rewarding selfish acts. Also, in saying that people will get exploited if they don’t is definitely persuasive.
low	It benefits people to be kind, honest, and supportive
low	It puts good emphasis on how we all form teams, families, and communities because we are much stronger and productive in this way. It’s tough to be a lone wolf especially in a world where networking is so advantageous
low	I think the persuasive part of the argument is that it is the social norm to participate in society. If not, we face backlash or exclusion from the group.
low	I think the point about how we face backlash for acting against cooperation was compelling.
high	The part that shows how society has normalized it makes it more persuasive to me.
high	When the author of the message notes that “pretty much everyone acts in a selfish way because society rewards it. People who don’t act that way get exploited. At school and work, and dating even, people try to stand out and win. That’s just human nature”, I thought this was particularly compelling. When applied in a realistic sense, one where the reader can reflect on their own experiences with school, work, or dating, it allows the reader to make connections of where this is actually happening, persuading that this argument is valid. As such, this could result in the respondent then altering their behavior, if they reflect on previous situations and realize they may have been more advantageous in the situation if they had acted selfishly, or more aggressively, in their own personal-interest, as opposed to how they actually acted within the situation in real time.
high	The writer wrote a good message that I overall agree with.
low	Not really, it’s somewhat generic. It does touch on human nature and that’s nice.
low	The whole message is very persuasive and well written.
low	The argument of teams and communities etc and how we get more done together than alone.
low	“It opens doors in both personal and professional life” is very persuasive to me. Most people know that making connections can lead you to many interesting places and assist you with job searches, which only helps you out. Being nice to people and helping them will make them want to help you and build a relationship with you, it’s a mutual benefit.
high	Yes, human nature compels us to compete for a top ranking in society.
high	It is human nature to lie and deceive. There’s pressure, in fact to do just that.
high	I love the sentence you wrote about being exploited, because it true. someone will use your kindness for their own need. Thehy know you wont say no and will take advantage of it get a head in life in other peoples eyes
low	How the forming of teams, families, and communities allows for more work to get accomplished through communal cooperation.
low	Yes, the sentence that reads: “We form teams, families, communities, because we get more done together than alone.
high	The over time nature of the argument. It is implicitly consistent with my evolutionary argument.
low	It’s true that it’s the basis of how society works.
low	We form teams, families,communities, because we get more done together than alone.
high	I agree that society rewards selfishness and that if you are unwilling to act that way you may be “exploited”. It is very competitive and we are all trying to “win” at life.
high	It’s human nature to win. The competitive behavior becomes the standard and is what’s normal and expected.
high	The fact that it is human nature to be selfish, that is true in my experience.
high	People get exploited. Pressure. Human nature. Competition.
low	The portion that talks about forming teams, communities, and families.
high	Society rewards those who stand out is correct. It happens with school rewards, with job applications, etc.
low	where it talks about receiving backlash for not being a good person
high	Pretty much everyone in society acts selfish because it is rewarded.
high	I think framing it as something that society will reward is persuasive because it doesn’t require believing that it’s inherent to human nature.
low	The point about backlash is somewhat persuasive in that it touches upon shared cultural/societial standards and how they’re enforced, and how this can lead to mutually beneficial and cooperative behavior.
high	It’s just human nature. We are no better than the worst parts of ourselves. Life is full of people wanting to screw us over to get ahead.
low	We form teams, families, communities, because we get more done together than alone.
high	It shows its a widespread phenomenon and applicable in several areas of life
low	none
low	I like the line about how we form teams and communities because we accomplish more together than alone.
high	It’s human nature and it’s necessary in an inceasingly competitive world. This behavior seems to be rewarded most.
low	Yes, the part about facing backlash for negative behavior is a good point.
low	Certainly, One especially compelling points is the mention that countless examples of people helping each other and working together’ are visible in daily life. This concrete observation makes the idea that kindness and cooperation are widespread feel credible and relatable. Additionally, referencing research that shows most people value honesty and kindness reinforces the idea that these behaviors are common and socially accepted.
high	People who don’t put themselves first get exploited is a strong argument
high	It is true that oftentimes people who do not act in their own best interest get taken advantage of and exploited.
high	The part about society rewarding winners is very true.
low	The part that is most persuasive, to me, is listing the benefits to being kind and helpful.
high	I agree with the above paragraph. In todays world you have to put yourself first and be selfish to get praised
high	The message is pretty persuasive because it points to real world situations that typical people find themselves in. Almost anyone can relate to the idea that society rewards self interested behavior
low	Taking note of the fact that backlash is what we can typically expect when behaving aggressively is a great counterpoint to believing the statement would be false.
low	I think the line “When people act aggressively towards others, they face backlash” is compelling and persuasive…most people don’t want to be rebutted against, so to me this stands out as persuasive.
high	The argument that society rewards selfish actions and that selfless actions lead to exploitation can be persuasive because most people have experiences where it seems like their kindness was taken advantage of, people tend to be more easily convinced by arguments that match their own personal experience regardless if evidence supports it.
low	That we face backlash from others if we do not conform to the standard
low	How being that way can open doors for you both personally and professionally.
low	That people who don’t cooperate may face backlash from others.
high	The bit where they mention that if you are not willing to play the game, you will be exploited for doing so. It’s very true, and I’ve experienced it many times myself.
high	It’s what normal and expected is particularly good here, noting how normalized things are.
low	Get more done together than alone - this statement here that out of the above riding is a good summary of The cooperative and helpful nature of humans it also applies to the fact that humans are kind honest and supportive you wouldn’t be able to work in a group if you did not possess those three characteristics I also like to add that the way you act when no one is looking is your integrity integrity is very important in this world
low	Whenever people face backlash, they tend to form teams that includes, family members, and outside individuals.
high	I think the fact that human nature was used as an example is a good argument.
low	I especially liked the comments regarding the opening of professional pathways. I thought this was true and insightful.
high	A little bit when it says about pressure to compete. And how over time competitive behavior becomes the standard.
low	its a bit idealistic, but the whole thing is semi convincing.
high	The thing that was most persuasive to me was that society rewards selfishness.
low	The highlight of the backlash people face if they are not cooperative was especially convincing to me.
high	the last line is pretty accurate, and the part about people wanting to stand out
low	What is most persuasive is how we as humans form collectives to help one another.
high	Over time, that competitive behavior becomes the standard.
low	It reiterates the fundamentals of what makes a society tick. It makes one aware of how being cooperative can lead to stabilizing society.
high	The pressure to lie and compete in this world is real.
low	I think the idea that cooperation is how society works makes a lot of sense.The fact that the history of society is what leads it to being normal makes sense too.
high	Everyone does it, and it has become the standard in today’s world.
high	The message is persuasive for those who value competition and self interest, as it highlights the practical rewards of such behavior. However, it may be less convincing to those who prioritize cooperation, ethics, or altruism, as it overlooks the potential benefits of collaboration and mutual support.
high	people who don’t put themselves first are exploited
low	Yes. The point that society necessitates people to be kind and do well to others.
low	Society works best when people work together. People need work together on some things to make the community better. Not everything requires the community to work together, but most do. Being kind honest and supportive will help society function more peacefully.
low	I think the part about how people face repercussions for bad behavior is compelling. Because it shows that if you just cooperate with others then you won’t face backlash.
high	The point about people getting exploited who don’t act selfishly is very compelling. As well as it being human nature to act this way.
high	People try and stand out and win. Tht’s just human nature to try and get ahead.
high	I think the example of school/work/dating make the argument more compelling after mentioning being exploited.
high	I think the most compelling thing about it is that it’s well-written, easy to understand, and doesn’t try to do gymnastics to stick to the point. “It’s just human nature” is also a very compelling argument because I think in many cases it is true, but in many not, and it’s very dependent on your view of the world. However, this argument is appealing to the cynics, so it works well.
low	It is worded well which adds to its persuasivness.
high	People who don’t act in a selfish way are often exploited and unfortunately society rewards those who are selfish.
low	I don’t see any valid points that this person is trying to make.
high	People who don’t act that way will get exploited. The people who act that way are always shocked when they get exploited anyway. They can’t win, no one can . The leopard will eat their face as easily as anyone else. But it’s worth it to own libs, right?
low	How it is simply human. nature to form groups like communites and families.
low	It benefits people to be kind, honest and supportive
low	I think they definitely approached it from a fear angle, of which we if we didn’t help others, than we wouldn’t be helped, or we would be cast aside from society. I think it’s a valid argument and does carry weight, but overall I don’t think it’s the sole reason.
high	The point about dating. Mating and reproduction is an instinct and deception for the sake of reproduction is particularly noticeable in the dating world.
high	“Because society rewards it” really struck home with me and it’s sad, because it’s mostly true. Society rewards bad behaviour if it means making the rich and powerful even more so. Many times people with power end up getting out of things that everyday folks would get in trouble for.
low	The key word is community, it feels great to be part of a group that is working towards the same ideals and goals, you know you are not alone and it is very supportive. The statement is very true and the outcome is positive.
high	Being selfish is a part of life. Everyone does it to get ahead so why buck the trend and be left out? Getting ahead is part of life
high	The point about selfish people getting rewards is highly persuasive and the examples being made.
low	I believe the quote, “We form team, families, communities, because we got more done ….” is quite compelling.
low	yes there are several points in this message are especially compelling the idea that society is built on cooperation resonates it highlights. and communities are yely on working together.
low	The writer recognizes that acts of kindness are often done with the intent of reciprocal behavior from the recipient. Also, they highlight the fact that people often form groupings to gain social acceptance and provide mutual support.
high	People who don’t act that way (selfishly) get exploited.
high	Society rewards people that are selfish. If they aren’t going to be selfish, that means they are likely to be exploited by others. It’s been the same way overtime, so it is now standard.
low	I also mentioned that people face negative consequences when they act in a different way, which I think is compelling - it’s basically a way of touching on the ideal of societal norms and cultural expectations. I also think that they worded their argument well and and touched back on what the topic was about at the end of the paragraph which tied it together nicely.
high	Being rewarded for selfish acts is very persuasive.
low	I thought the point of us forming teams, families, and communities persuasive.
low	The part about over time, the behavior becoming the standard seems persuasive to me.
high	Honestly I don’t think there’s any points in here that I personally find compelling or persuasive
high	Society rewards acting selfish and people who don’t act that way gets exploited.
low	The whole argument is compelling. Most people treat others with respect and act the same towards people and acting different can face backlash
low	The argument that it is it the basis of society is very compelling but the suggestion of backlash is not persuasive at all.
low	It’s how everyone acts in a cooperative way is the basis of society is very true
low	It’s not all that persuasive. It basically states that people are cooperative, because that is what society expects.
high	society rewards selfishness, because this is true in today’s society
high	I feel the human nature point is strong, and that they make a good point about people who are not like that get exploited.
high	That the society rewards selfish people. If you cheat to win, you still win.
high	The fact that they highlight that its always been rewarding to be selfish and that since society rewards it it has become the norm.
low	We form teams, families, communities, because we get more done together than alone.
high	“That’s just human nature” is SO true but we are taught that if we “act” nice on the surface, that means we are…lol!!!!!!!
low	The mention of creating teams, families, communities in order to succeed is a good point. When hard situations come about, things become easier with a support system within the community.
low	Cooperative behavior is normal and expected from civilized citizens of our country. When we work together, we get more done and help more people, which benefits us as human beings.
low	I don’t see anything here that is especially compelling on its own.
high	Not really. I don’t find it persuasive that you can find examples of success through selfishness. It is why people hate school, work, and dating that so many people approach it these ways. I would also say I don’t think lying is expected.
high	Nothing is overly persuasive as it’s written with little emphasis on the main topics.
high	Society rewards it, so yes, that is why it is considered normal and expected.
high	I like that the author points out that society, at least some societies, promote acting selfishly. However, they don’t address a person’s ability to choose to act in other ways.
high	Every point in this argument is compelling and persuasive because it is the truth of exactly how our society has been groomed and manipulated to think and act.
high	They make the same arguments that I do: that our society has been built in a way that rewards selfishness.
high	How people respond and react in different situations eventually becomes a normal thing among many of them. Almost natural human behavior in some.
high	The part about the pressure is for real. The normal should be reversed and the world would be a much better place to live.
low	I like that it points out real world dynamics, so most people can relate to.
high	The fact that those who choose not to be selfish tend to exploited is so much persuasive
high	The compelling portion of the argument focuses on the notion that a person who does not engage in the selfish ways of the dominant society will get exploited.
high	everyone acts in a selfish way because society rewards it.
high	I think you’ve made really persuading points, but the language used could be more evocative.
high	People who don’t act selfishly get exploited. It’s practical to lie and compete.
high	They his on the exploitation of people who are not ruthless as described
high	The premise that society rewards selfishness is persuasive, because in many ways it is true. People always try to make themselves seem better than others so that they get noticed and chosen.
low	The point about getting more done together stood out the most. Also, opening professional and personal doors in life was persuasive.
high	the point that the user made by saing that society rewards people who act in a selfish manner is probably the best point in the response.
high	The part about it being human nature stood with me.
low	The part that states, “It’s human nature,” is to want to work together instead of alone. Humans are indeed communal; even though they can survive alone, they have a built-in need to rely on each other.
high	The point that society rewards selfishness is compelling.
high	That this behavior is part of human nature. That this behavior has become normal and expected.
high	Not really but it could bed be more persuasive if it wanted to be
high	I think the paragraph is a bit repetitive, but I do think the phrasing “people try to stand out and win” sums up the purpose of the prompt fairly well.
low	Something that stood out to me is communicating the consequence of what happens when you think about the opposite of the prompt (backlash) and that convinced me that maybe humans are kind after all
low	It’s true that it helps in your professional life to do good things for others and build those relationships.
low	It benefits people to be kind, honest and supportive.
high	The highlighting of the reward system, emphasizing on exploitation, the use of examples people will relate to, normalizing the behavior.
low	we form families and groups teams and communities so this proves it
low	It also says that we are all so good and helpful to each other because it works better for us that way, so we are also interested, and that is why we do it.
low	Yes, I liked the part where it says that we form teams, families, and communities.
high	That there’s pressure to lie and compete and that competitive behavior has become the standard and it’s what’s normal and expected.
high	The part about “society rewards it” rings especially true.
high	Claiming that not acting this way will cause you to be exploited is a good technique
low	forming teams, families, communities, etc. is how we get more things done, and it’s interesting to think about how this behavior becomes the standard.
high	The sentence about society rewarding selfish behavior is absolutely true.
low	“When people act aggressively towards others, they face backlash.” I agree that being uncooperative is self-defeating.
low	We work good as a team, a community rather than all alone. We get more done and favors are paid back.
high	That the competitive nature is very true in the world.
high	I think that the part that states that it is normal and expected to act this way speaks volumes. This statement could persuade others to mimic these behaviors in order to fit in.
low	The point about facing backlash from society when we deviate from what is normal and expected is an interesting point that merits being expanded upon. Societal pressures to behave a certain way has shaped how we live and act. Perhaps a moral compass.
low	They emphasized how humans form teams, families, and communities because it is better to work as a group than alone. This is true because it enhances the speed of production as well. Overall, it makes sense.
high	They talked about the pressure put on people to be deceitful and competitive.
high	I believe the last 3 sentences are the mos compelling of the paragraph.
high	“Because society rewards it” is a key component to me. It pays to compete and be selfish in basically every environment.
low	The point about backlash is especially good. People who do not cooperate are often left out of groups and the vast majority of people would like to feel included and part of something larger than themselves.
low	The main point that I liked was the one about working together to get more done.
low	The mention of teams, families, and communities resonated with me because those are things most people have experienced at some point in their life.
high	It has a similar vibe to what I had wrote. I also went for the human nature approach.
low	I would say that examples of teams and families is persuasive as it brings real world example that just about everyone has experience with is particularly persuasive for this reason.
low	The fact that we naturally lean towards these behaviors is very appealing to me. Being hateful is taught behavior.
high	The line about those that don’t behave this way get exploited.
high	“That’s just human nature”……..zackly! I mean, sorry folks get rewarded so everyone else becomes sorry as well.
low	I feel like I’m being told how things are and I better follow the rules or else
high	That to stand out and win is just human nature and competitive behavior is normal or expected.
low	I think going and providing the other side of the argument and acknowledging it.
high	Pointing out people who don’t act selfishly will get exploited plays on the reader’s fears.
high	The most persuasive points in the message are that society rewards selfish behavior, people who aren’t selfish get exploited, and competition in areas like school, work, and dating makes selfishness feel normal and necessary.

Relationship expectancies

What would be the impact of this behavior on your relationships with others? (1 = Strong negative effect on relationships to 7 = Strong positive effect on relationships)

Cronbach’s alpha = 0.59

Oh, that’s not very internally consistent. Let’s look at the scale without the reverse-score item.

Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79

Great. Much better. Let’s go with the short scale (only the four direct items) for the rest of the way.

Influence expectancies

What would be the impact of this behavior on your influence over others? (1 = Strong negative effect on influence to 7 = Strong positive effect on influence)

Cronbach’s alpha = 0.8

Self behavior

To what extent are you likely to behave this way in future interactions with colleagues in your workplace? (1 = Extremely unlikely to 7 = Extremely likely)

Cronbach’s alpha = 0.81

Competitive Worldview

1. It’s a dog-eat-dog world where you have to be ruthless at times
   
2. Life is not governed by the “survival of the fittest.” We should let compassion and moral laws be our guide [R]
   
3. There is really no such thing as “right” and “wrong.” It all boils down to what you can get away with
   
4. One of the most useful skills a person should develop is how to look someone straight in the eye and lie convincingly
   
5. It is better to be loved than to be feared [R]
   
6. My knowledge and experience tell me that the social world we live in is basically a competitive “jungle” in which the fittest survive and succeed, in which power, wealth, and winning are everything, and might is right
   
7. Do unto others as you would have them do unto you, and never do anything unfair to someone else [R]
   
8. Basically people are objects to be quietly and coolly manipulated for one’s own benefit
   
9. Honesty is the best policy in all cases [R]
   
10. One should give others the benefit of the doubt. Most people are trustworthy if you have faith in them [R]

Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82

Analysis

Competitive Worldview

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	111	2.932432	0.9861000
low	93	2.632258	0.8059778

t(201.89) = 2.39, p = 0.018, Lower CI = 0.05, Upper CI = 0.55, d = 0.34.

That’s not as big of a manipulation check effect as we’ve recently been seeing. I’ll check, below, for order effects.

Relationship impact

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	111	2.036036	0.9267777
low	93	2.163978	1.1024273

t(180.33) = -0.89, p = 0.376, Lower CI = -0.41, Upper CI = 0.16, d = -0.13.

uh oh. That’s a null effect in the opposite direction

Influence impact

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	111	3.060811	1.396105
low	93	2.930108	1.398935

t(195.66) = 0.67, p = 0.507, Lower CI = -0.26, Upper CI = 0.52, d = 0.1.

Self behavior

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	111	2.184685	1.232012
low	93	2.119176	1.092727

t(201.33) = 0.4, p = 0.688, Lower CI = -0.26, Upper CI = 0.39, d = 0.06.

Extra

Correlation matrix

df_recd_elg %>%
  dplyr::select(CWV:dom_short,pers) %>%
  corPlot(upper = TRUE,stars = TRUE,xsrt = 270)

Mediation model: Relationship expectancies

a = 0.44 (p = 0)
b = 0.79 (p = 0)
direct = 0.61 (p = 0)
indirect = 0.27 (p = 0)

Mediation model: Relationship expectancies and influene expectancies

Relationship a = 0.44 (p = 0)
Relationship b = 0.75 (p = 0)
Influence a = 0.39 (p = 0)
Influence b = 0.06 (p = 0.166)
direct = 0.61 (p = 0)
indirect = 0.26 (p = 0)

Order effects

CWV

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'blockorder'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

blockorder	cond	N	Mean	SD
behaviors_first	high	51	2.866667	0.9521905
behaviors_first	low	47	2.538298	0.7562934
cwv_first	high	60	2.988333	1.0186551
cwv_first	low	46	2.728261	0.8513161

hmm… if anything, putting behaviors first accentuates the effect of the manipulation of the manipulation check.

Relationship impact

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'blockorder'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

blockorder	cond	N	Mean	SD
behaviors_first	high	51	2.132353	0.8722857
behaviors_first	low	47	2.138298	1.0357843
cwv_first	high	60	1.954167	0.9704224
cwv_first	low	46	2.190217	1.1775502

Oh. Putting CWV first is driving that opposite direction. Not sure what to make of that. That’s odd.

Influence impact

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'blockorder'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

blockorder	cond	N	Mean	SD
behaviors_first	high	51	2.995098	1.260447
behaviors_first	low	47	2.776596	1.281382
cwv_first	high	60	3.116667	1.510182
cwv_first	low	46	3.086956	1.507589

main effect of order. After taking the CWV scale, participants just believe these dominant behaviors are more effective. Ok.

Self behavior

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'blockorder'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

blockorder	cond	N	Mean	SD
behaviors_first	high	51	2.460784	1.295543
behaviors_first	low	47	2.069149	1.073017
cwv_first	high	60	1.950000	1.133840
cwv_first	low	46	2.170290	1.122024

Again, putting CWV first gives us the opposite direction in our DV. And here, there’s also an effect in the “right” direction for those who see the behaviors immediately after the manipulation.