Table 1

BWH
(N=132)
MGH
(N=141)
Overall
(N=273)
Gender
Female 58 (43.9%) 58 (41.1%) 116 (42.5%)
Male 74 (56.1%) 83 (58.9%) 157 (57.5%)
Age
Mean (SD) 69.2 (13.7) 70.6 (12.5) 69.9 (13.1)
Median [Q1,Q3] 71.0 [60.8,79.0] 72.0 [64.0,78.0] 72.0 [62.0,78.0]
Race_Group
White 68 (51.5%) 90 (63.8%) 158 (57.9%)
Black 42 (31.8%) 20 (14.2%) 62 (22.7%)
Others 22 (16.7%) 31 (22.0%) 53 (19.4%)
LOS
Mean (SD) 9.82 (8.60) 10.3 (10.3) 10.1 (9.48)
Median [Q1,Q3] 7.00 [4.00,13.0] 7.00 [4.00,12.0] 7.00 [4.00,13.0]
DM
N 37 (28.0%) 36 (25.5%) 73 (26.7%)
Y 95 (72.0%) 105 (74.5%) 200 (73.3%)
CAD
N 3 (2.3%) 3 (2.1%) 6 (2.2%)
Y 129 (97.7%) 138 (97.9%) 267 (97.8%)
Hgb
Mean (SD) 9.89 (1.66) 9.96 (1.64) 9.93 (1.65)
Median [Q1,Q3] 9.80 [8.50,11.0] 10.0 [9.00,11.1] 9.80 [8.80,11.1]
HCT_admit
Mean (SD) 31.0 (5.19) 31.5 (5.11) 31.3 (5.14)
Median [Q1,Q3] 30.8 [27.2,34.5] 31.4 [28.2,35.5] 30.9 [27.7,35.0]
HCT_discharge
Mean (SD) 29.7 (4.31) 29.9 (4.19) 29.8 (4.24)
Median [Q1,Q3] 29.1 [26.5,32.6] 29.8 [26.8,32.7] 29.5 [26.6,32.7]
Iron
Mean (SD) 53.1 (29.6) 53.0 (39.5) 53.1 (35.2)
Median [Q1,Q3] 47.0 [33.5,67.0] 44.0 [30.8,59.0] 46.0 [32.0,61.5]
Missing 25 (18.9%) 17 (12.1%) 42 (15.4%)
Ferritin
Mean (SD) 995 (1240) 1250 (4140) 1130 (3150)
Median [Q1,Q3] 749 [256,1330] 691 [265,1130] 694 [258,1310]
Missing 25 (18.9%) 16 (11.3%) 41 (15.0%)
TIBC
Mean (SD) 193 (67.9) 209 (69.6) 202 (69.2)
Median [Q1,Q3] 181 [153,219] 196 [173,247] 191 [160,241]
Missing 35 (26.5%) 22 (15.6%) 57 (20.9%)
NT_proBNP
Mean (SD) 46700 (49100) 31500 (31100) 38300 (40800)
Median [Q1,Q3] 30000 [10300,70000] 24500 [9300,39400] 25500 [10100,52000]
Missing 29 (22.0%) 14 (9.9%) 43 (15.8%)
UF_rate
Mean (SD) 8.67 (3.10) 8.81 (3.71) 8.74 (3.43)
Median [Q1,Q3] 8.16 [6.42,10.5] 7.98 [6.42,10.5] 8.16 [6.42,10.5]
EDW
Mean (SD) 77.1 (23.0) 78.6 (24.5) 77.9 (23.8)
Median [Q1,Q3] 73.9 [62.0,87.6] 73.5 [62.5,92.5] 73.6 [62.2,90.0]
admit_Weight
Mean (SD) 80.3 (23.8) 82.0 (25.4) 81.2 (24.6)
Median [Q1,Q3] 76.4 [64.7,91.3] 77.0 [65.0,98.5] 76.7 [64.7,94.4]
HF_score_Total
Mean (SD) 44.0 (9.08) 42.1 (7.24) 43.0 (8.22)
Median [Q1,Q3] 43.5 [38.8,50.0] 42.0 [37.0,47.0] 43.0 [38.0,48.0]
Dialysis_Vintage
Mean (SD) 2.11 (1.59) 2.16 (1.55) 2.13 (1.57)
Median [Q1,Q3] 2.00 [1.00,3.00] 2.00 [1.00,3.00] 2.00 [1.00,3.00]
Access_type
AVF 64 (48.5%) 81 (57.4%) 145 (53.1%)
AVG 1 (0.8%) 12 (8.5%) 13 (4.8%)
TDC 67 (50.8%) 48 (34.0%) 115 (42.1%)
n_90
Mean (SD) 1.05 (1.09) 0.603 (0.901) 0.821 (1.02)
Median [Q1,Q3] 1.00 [0,2.00] 0 [0,1.00] 1.00 [0,1.00]
n_180
Mean (SD) 1.62 (1.69) 1.08 (1.20) 1.34 (1.48)
Median [Q1,Q3] 1.00 [0,2.00] 1.00 [0,2.00] 1.00 [0,2.00]
decongestion_time_days
Mean (SD) 5.65 (6.26) 4.75 (4.54) 5.19 (5.45)
Median [Q1,Q3] 4.00 [2.00,7.00] 3.00 [2.00,5.00] 3.00 [2.00,6.00]

Balance check before

## Balance Measures
##                      Type  M.0.Un SD.0.Un  M.1.Un SD.1.Un Diff.Un
## Age               Contin. 69.2273 13.7161 70.6099 12.4515  0.1056
## Race_Group_White   Binary  0.5152       .  0.6383       .  0.1231
## Race_Group_Black   Binary  0.3182       .  0.1418       . -0.1763
## Race_Group_Others  Binary  0.1667       .  0.2199       .  0.0532
## Gender_Male        Binary  0.5606       .  0.5887       .  0.0280
## HTN_Y              Binary  0.9773       .  0.9858       .  0.0085
## DM_Y               Binary  0.7197       .  0.7447       .  0.0250
## HF_score_Total    Contin. 43.9773  9.0819 42.0709  7.2414 -0.2321
## Dialysis_Vintage  Contin.  2.1061  1.5884  2.1560  1.5505  0.0318
## Access_type_AVF    Binary  0.4848       .  0.5745       .  0.0896
## Access_type_AVG    Binary  0.0076       .  0.0851       .  0.0775
## Access_type_TDC    Binary  0.5076       .  0.3404       . -0.1672
## Location_HH        Binary  0.2955       .  0.3121       .  0.0166
## 
## Sample sizes
##     Control Treated
## All     132     141

Balance check after

## Balance Measures
##                      Type M.0.Adj SD.0.Adj M.1.Adj SD.1.Adj Diff.Adj
## Age               Contin. 69.9955  12.9313 69.9076  13.9554  -0.0067
## Race_Group_White   Binary  0.5697        .  0.5858        .   0.0161
## Race_Group_Black   Binary  0.2439        .  0.2088        .  -0.0351
## Race_Group_Others  Binary  0.1865        .  0.2054        .   0.0189
## Gender_Male        Binary  0.5667        .  0.5880        .   0.0214
## HTN_Y              Binary  0.9838        .  0.9801        .  -0.0037
## DM_Y               Binary  0.7339        .  0.7640        .   0.0301
## HF_score_Total    Contin. 43.2855   8.3465 42.6254   7.8071  -0.0804
## Dialysis_Vintage  Contin.  2.1058   1.5202  2.0851   1.4800  -0.0132
## Access_type_AVF    Binary  0.5268        .  0.5197        .  -0.0071
## Access_type_AVG    Binary  0.0127        .  0.0773        .   0.0646
## Access_type_TDC    Binary  0.4605        .  0.4030        .  -0.0575
## Location_HH        Binary  0.3247        .  0.3288        .   0.0041
## 
## Effective sample sizes
##            Control Treated
## Unadjusted  132.     141. 
## Adjusted    120.53   126.3

Univariate linear regression outcome los

outcome los
Characteristic N Beta 95% CI1 p-value
group 516


    BWH

    MGH
1.1 -1.4, 3.5 0.390
Gender 516


    Female

    Male
0.77 -1.7, 3.3 0.546
Race_Group 516


    White

    Black
-1.0 -4.1, 2.0 0.497
    Others
-4.4 -7.6, -1.2 0.007
DM 516


    N

    Y
1.6 -1.3, 4.4 0.283
Dialysis_Vintage 516 -0.64 -1.5, 0.18 0.129
HF_score_Total 516 -0.01 -0.16, 0.15 0.948
weight.ATE 516 3.1 1.4, 4.7 <0.001
1 CI = Confidence Interval

Univariate linear regression outcome log_los

outcome log_los
Characteristic N Beta 95% CI1 p-value
group 516


    BWH

    MGH
9.37 -10.02, 32.94 0.369
Gender 516


    Female

    Male
8.01 -11.35, 31.60 0.445
Race_Group 516


    White

    Black
-20.86 -37.65, 0.45 0.055
    Others
-31.57 -46.76, -12.05 0.003
DM 516


    N

    Y
17.46 -6.17, 47.05 0.161
Dialysis_Vintage 516 -4.05 -10.11, 2.42 0.216
HF_score_Total 516 0.75 -0.46, 1.98 0.228
weight.ATE 516 16.05 1.65, 32.49 0.028
1 CI = Confidence Interval

Multivariate linear regression los: gender race

outcome los
Characteristic N Beta 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 1.1 -1.3, 3.6 0.367
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 0.24 -2.3, 2.8 0.851
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 -0.94 -4.0, 2.1 0.549
    Others 101 -4.4 -7.6, -1.2 0.008
1 CI = Confidence Interval

Multivariate linear regression log_los : gender race

outcome log_los
Characteristic N Beta 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 9.25 -9.92, 32.49 0.370
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 1.42 -16.91, 23.81 0.890
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 -20.29 -37.50, 1.64 0.069
    Others 101 -31.49 -46.89, -11.62 0.004
1 CI = Confidence Interval

Multivariate linear regression los : group+Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

outcome los
Characteristic N Beta 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 1.0 -1.4, 3.5 0.402
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 0.16 -2.4, 2.7 0.900
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 -0.84 -4.0, 2.3 0.605
    Others 101 -4.5 -7.8, -1.2 0.008
DM



    N 129
    Y 387 1.3 -1.5, 4.2 0.369
Dialysis_Vintage 516 -0.73 -1.6, 0.10 0.086
HF_score_Total 516 -0.05 -0.21, 0.11 0.569
1 CI = Confidence Interval

Multivariate linear regression log_los : group+Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

outcome log_los
Characteristic N Beta 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 0.09 -0.11, 0.28 0.379
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 -0.01 -0.21, 0.19 0.917
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 -0.19 -0.44, 0.06 0.139
    Others 101 -0.36 -0.62, -0.10 0.008
DM



    N 129
    Y 387 0.15 -0.08, 0.37 0.205
Dialysis_Vintage 516 -0.04 -0.11, 0.02 0.199
HF_score_Total 516 0.00 -0.01, 0.02 0.596
1 CI = Confidence Interval

90 days poisson regression: group

Characteristic N IRR1 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 0.58 0.47, 0.70 <0.001
1 IRR = Incidence Rate Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

90 days poisson regression: group Gender Race_Group

Characteristic N IRR1 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 0.57 0.47, 0.70 <0.001
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 0.85 0.69, 1.03 0.100
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 0.84 0.65, 1.08 0.190
    Others 101 1.09 0.85, 1.39 0.486
1 IRR = Incidence Rate Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

90 days poisson regression: group+ Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

Characteristic N IRR1 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 0.57 0.47, 0.70 <0.001
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 0.83 0.68, 1.02 0.076
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 0.88 0.67, 1.13 0.317
    Others 101 1.10 0.85, 1.42 0.441
DM



    N 129
    Y 387 1.02 0.81, 1.28 0.894
Dialysis_Vintage 516 0.96 0.89, 1.03 0.285
HF_score_Total 516 1.00 0.99, 1.02 0.552
1 IRR = Incidence Rate Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

180 days poisson regression: group

Characteristic N IRR1 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 0.69 0.60, 0.81 <0.001
1 IRR = Incidence Rate Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

180 days poisson regression: Age Gender Race_Group

Characteristic N IRR1 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 0.69 0.60, 0.81 <0.001
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 0.91 0.78, 1.06 0.211
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 1.02 0.84, 1.23 0.874
    Others 101 1.17 0.97, 1.42 0.101
1 IRR = Incidence Rate Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

180 days poisson regression: group+Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

Characteristic N IRR1 95% CI1 p-value
group



    BWH 249
    MGH 267 0.70 0.60, 0.81 <0.001
Gender



    Female 218
    Male 298 0.90 0.77, 1.05 0.177
Race_Group



    White 298
    Black 116 1.04 0.85, 1.27 0.696
    Others 101 1.18 0.96, 1.43 0.103
DM



    N 129
    Y 387 0.95 0.80, 1.13 0.535
Dialysis_Vintage 516 0.98 0.92, 1.03 0.398
HF_score_Total 516 1.00 0.99, 1.01 0.476
1 IRR = Incidence Rate Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

Univariate coxph decongestion_time_days

Characteristic N HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group 516


    BWH

    MGH
1.10 0.83, 1.46 0.516
Gender 516


    Female

    Male
0.89 0.68, 1.16 0.398
Race_Group 516


    White

    Black
1.08 0.71, 1.63 0.719
    Others
1.49 1.10, 2.03 0.011
DM 516


    N

    Y
0.93 0.73, 1.19 0.572
Dialysis_Vintage 516 1.06 1.00, 1.14 0.063
HF_score_Total 516 0.99 0.98, 1.01 0.331
weight.ATE 516 0.82 0.65, 1.03 0.084
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

coxph decongestion_time_days :gender race

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 1.09 0.83, 1.43 0.524
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.92 0.70, 1.21 0.535
Race_Group


    White
    Black 1.06 0.69, 1.62 0.785
    Others 1.47 1.08, 2.00 0.016
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

coxph decongestion_time_days :group+Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 1.10 0.84, 1.43 0.486
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.95 0.72, 1.25 0.719
Race_Group


    White
    Black 1.02 0.67, 1.56 0.931
    Others 1.45 1.06, 2.00 0.022
HTN


    N
    Y 0.76 0.24, 2.44 0.644
DM


    N
    Y 0.96 0.74, 1.23 0.720
CAD


    N
    Y 0.79 0.43, 1.46 0.452
Dialysis_Vintage 1.06 0.99, 1.14 0.094
HF_score_Total 1.00 0.98, 1.01 0.734
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

Competing risk Univariate cause specific 1st_readmission_180

Characteristic N HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group 516


    BWH

    MGH
0.60 0.45, 0.82 0.001
Gender 516


    Female

    Male
0.98 0.73, 1.32 0.899
Race_Group 516


    White

    Black
0.93 0.63, 1.37 0.726
    Others
0.91 0.63, 1.34 0.643
DM 516


    N

    Y
1.03 0.74, 1.44 0.856
Dialysis_Vintage 516 0.91 0.80, 1.04 0.171
HF_score_Total 516 1.01 1.0, 1.03 0.158
weight.ATE 516 1.08 0.86, 1.37 0.499
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

Competing risk Multivariate cause specific 1st_readmission_180: group+Gender+Race_Group

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 0.60 0.45, 0.82 0.001
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.96 0.70, 1.31 0.795
Race_Group


    White
    Black 0.90 0.61, 1.33 0.600
    Others 0.94 0.62, 1.41 0.757
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

Competing risk Multivariate cause specific 1st_readmission_180: group+Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 0.60 0.44, 0.82 0.001
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.93 0.68, 1.28 0.667
Race_Group


    White
    Black 0.95 0.63, 1.43 0.805
    Others 0.94 0.63, 1.41 0.781
DM


    N
    Y 1.06 0.76, 1.50 0.719
Dialysis_Vintage 0.89 0.77, 1.03 0.129
HF_score_Total 1.01 0.99, 1.03 0.377
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

Univariate coxph time_1st_readmission_180

Characteristic N HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group 516


    BWH

    MGH
0.58 0.43, 0.78 <0.001
Gender 516


    Female

    Male
0.87 0.65, 1.18 0.379
Race_Group 516


    White

    Black
0.88 0.59, 1.32 0.543
    Others
1.00 0.69, 1.46 0.984
DM 516


    N

    Y
0.98 0.71, 1.38 0.929
Dialysis_Vintage 516 0.92 0.81, 1.04 0.176
HF_score_Total 516 1.01 0.99, 1.03 0.369
weight.ATE 516 0.97 0.76, 1.23 0.787
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

coxph time_1st_readmission_180: age gender race

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 0.58 0.43, 0.79 <0.001
Age 1.01 1.00, 1.02 0.116
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.86 0.63, 1.17 0.325
Race_Group


    White
    Black 0.92 0.61, 1.38 0.687
    Others 1.06 0.72, 1.58 0.762
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

coxph time_1st_readmission_180: group+Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 0.57 0.42, 0.78 <0.001
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.83 0.61, 1.15 0.268
Race_Group


    White
    Black 0.88 0.59, 1.33 0.550
    Others 1.00 0.67, 1.50 0.990
DM


    N
    Y 1.02 0.72, 1.43 0.928
Dialysis_Vintage 0.91 0.80, 1.04 0.155
HF_score_Total 1.01 0.99, 1.03 0.606
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

Univariate coxph decongestion_time_days

Characteristic N HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group 516


    BWH

    MGH
1.10 0.83, 1.46 0.516
Gender 516


    Female

    Male
0.89 0.68, 1.16 0.398
Race_Group 516


    White

    Black
1.08 0.71, 1.63 0.719
    Others
1.49 1.10, 2.03 0.011
DM 516


    N

    Y
0.93 0.73, 1.19 0.572
Dialysis_Vintage 516 1.06 1.00, 1.14 0.063
HF_score_Total 516 0.99 0.98, 1.01 0.331
weight.ATE 516 0.82 0.65, 1.03 0.084
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

coxph decongestion_time_days: age gender race

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 1.09 0.85, 1.41 0.491
Age 1.01 1.00, 1.03 0.047
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.95 0.73, 1.23 0.680
Race_Group


    White
    Black 1.26 0.92, 1.72 0.149
    Others 1.54 1.13, 2.11 0.006
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

coxph decongestion_time_days: group+Gender+Race_Group+DM+Dialysis_Vintage+HF_score_Total

Characteristic HR1 95% CI1 p-value
group


    BWH
    MGH 1.10 0.84, 1.44 0.482
Gender


    Female
    Male 0.95 0.72, 1.24 0.701
Race_Group


    White
    Black 1.03 0.67, 1.57 0.903
    Others 1.46 1.06, 2.00 0.019
DM


    N
    Y 0.94 0.73, 1.21 0.630
Dialysis_Vintage 1.07 1.00, 1.15 0.053
HF_score_Total 1.00 0.98, 1.01 0.737
1 HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

decongestion_time_days,n_90,n_180,time_1st_readmission_180

BWH
(N=132)
MGH
(N=141)
Overall
(N=273)
decongestion_time_days
Mean (SD) 5.65 (6.26) 4.75 (4.54) 5.19 (5.45)
Median [Q1,Q3] 4.00 [2.00,7.00] 3.00 [2.00,5.00] 3.00 [2.00,6.00]
n_90
Mean (SD) 1.05 (1.09) 0.603 (0.901) 0.821 (1.02)
Median [Q1,Q3] 1.00 [0,2.00] 0 [0,1.00] 1.00 [0,1.00]
n_180
Mean (SD) 1.62 (1.69) 1.08 (1.20) 1.34 (1.48)
Median [Q1,Q3] 1.00 [0,2.00] 1.00 [0,2.00] 1.00 [0,2.00]
time_1st_readmission_180
Mean (SD) 74.4 (67.1) 108 (70.1) 92.0 (70.6)
Median [Q1,Q3] 48.0 [17.8,139] 113 [33.0,180] 86.0 [21.0,180]