| Gender |
|
|
|
0.668 |
| 0 |
7 (10.9%) |
3 (15.0%) |
4 (9.1%) |
|
| 1 |
57 (89.1%) |
17 (85.0%) |
40 (90.9%) |
|
| Age (years) |
71.0 (62.0, 77.2) |
71.5 (61.8, 74.5) |
71.0 (62.0, 78.0) |
0.674 |
| BMI |
28.1 (25.2, 31.0) |
27.9 (24.3, 30.5) |
28.3 (25.3, 31.3) |
0.627 |
| Pack years |
30.0 (20.0, 35.0) |
22.0 (11.0, 31.0) |
30.0 (20.0, 36.0) |
0.253 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) |
16.5 (10.5, 22.0) |
19.5 (13.8, 25.5) |
16.0 (7.5, 18.2) |
0.018 |
| HbA1c |
61.0 (52.0, 72.0) |
65.0 (51.8, 74.2) |
59.5 (52.0, 69.5) |
0.677 |
| Polyneuropathy |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
3 (4.7%) |
1 (5.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| 1 |
61 (95.3%) |
19 (95.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) |
|
|
|
0.411 |
| No CKD (eGFR >60) |
39 (60.9%) |
14 (70.0%) |
25 (56.8%) |
|
| Mild/Moderate CKD (eGFR 30-59) |
25 (39.1%) |
6 (30.0%) |
19 (43.2%) |
|
| Heart Failure |
27 (42.2%) |
9 (45.0%) |
18 (40.9%) |
0.790 |
| Presence of Deformity |
|
|
|
0.585 |
| Absent |
25 (39.1%) |
9 (45.0%) |
16 (36.4%) |
|
| Present |
39 (60.9%) |
11 (55.0%) |
28 (63.6%) |
|
| Contralateral amputation |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
57 (89.1%) |
18 (90.0%) |
39 (88.6%) |
|
| 1 |
7 (10.9%) |
2 (10.0%) |
5 (11.4%) |
|
| Silfverskiold positive |
|
|
|
0.592 |
| Isolated gastrocnemius contracture |
6 (46.2%) |
3 (60.0%) |
3 (37.5%) |
|
| Gastrocnemius/Soleus contracture |
7 (53.8%) |
2 (40.0%) |
5 (62.5%) |
|
| Peripheral Artery Disease |
18 (29.0%) |
4 (21.1%) |
14 (32.6%) |
0.545 |
| History of revascularisation |
|
|
|
0.143 |
| 0 |
46 (71.9%) |
17 (85.0%) |
29 (65.9%) |
|
| 1 |
18 (28.1%) |
3 (15.0%) |
15 (34.1%) |
|
| Index ulcer primary or recurrence |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 1 |
52 (81.2%) |
16 (80.0%) |
36 (81.8%) |
|
| 2 |
12 (18.8%) |
4 (20.0%) |
8 (18.2%) |
|
| Probe-to-bone test |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 1 |
7 (10.9%) |
2 (10.0%) |
5 (11.4%) |
|
| 2 |
57 (89.1%) |
18 (90.0%) |
39 (88.6%) |
|
| Surface area of index ulcer |
0.8 (0.5, 1.8) |
0.8 (0.4, 1.0) |
0.9 (0.5, 2.2) |
0.127 |
| Duration of index ulcer (days) |
100.0 (38.8, 218.2) |
71.5 (29.2, 112.0) |
144.5 (54.2, 285.2) |
0.030 |
| Revascularisation procedure performed |
|
|
|
0.708 |
| 1 |
55 (85.9%) |
18 (90.0%) |
37 (84.1%) |
|
| 2 |
9 (14.1%) |
2 (10.0%) |
7 (15.9%) |
|
| Inflammatory signs present at inclusion (choice=Erythema) |
|
|
|
0.201 |
| 0 |
13 (20.3%) |
2 (10.0%) |
11 (25.0%) |
|
| 1 |
51 (79.7%) |
18 (90.0%) |
33 (75.0%) |
|
| Inflammatory signs present at inclusion (choice=Pain) |
|
|
|
0.384 |
| 0 |
46 (71.9%) |
16 (80.0%) |
30 (68.2%) |
|
| 1 |
18 (28.1%) |
4 (20.0%) |
14 (31.8%) |
|
| Inflammatory signs present at inclusion (choice=Swelling or induration) |
|
|
|
0.314 |
| 0 |
5 (7.8%) |
0 (0.0%) |
5 (11.4%) |
|
| 1 |
59 (92.2%) |
20 (100.0%) |
39 (88.6%) |
|
| Inflammatory signs present at inclusion (choice=Warmth) |
|
|
|
0.230 |
| 0 |
18 (28.1%) |
8 (40.0%) |
10 (22.7%) |
|
| 1 |
46 (71.9%) |
12 (60.0%) |
34 (77.3%) |
|
| Inflammatory signs present at inclusion (choice=(Purulent) discharge) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
17 (26.6%) |
5 (25.0%) |
12 (27.3%) |
|
| 1 |
47 (73.4%) |
15 (75.0%) |
32 (72.7%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=Distal phalanx) |
|
|
|
0.749 |
| 0 |
50 (78.1%) |
15 (75.0%) |
35 (79.5%) |
|
| 1 |
14 (21.9%) |
5 (25.0%) |
9 (20.5%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
62 (96.9%) |
20 (100.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
2 (3.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=Middle phalanx) |
|
|
|
0.312 |
| 0 |
63 (98.4%) |
19 (95.0%) |
44 (100.0%) |
|
| 1 |
1 (1.6%) |
1 (5.0%) |
0 (0.0%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=(Proximal) interphalangeal joint (IP or PIP)) |
|
|
|
0.712 |
| 0 |
54 (84.4%) |
16 (80.0%) |
38 (86.4%) |
|
| 1 |
10 (15.6%) |
4 (20.0%) |
6 (13.6%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=Proximal phalanx) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
58 (90.6%) |
18 (90.0%) |
40 (90.9%) |
|
| 1 |
6 (9.4%) |
2 (10.0%) |
4 (9.1%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=Metatarso-phalangeal joint (MTP)) |
|
|
|
0.177 |
| 0 |
32 (50.0%) |
13 (65.0%) |
19 (43.2%) |
|
| 1 |
32 (50.0%) |
7 (35.0%) |
25 (56.8%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=Distal half of metatarsal bone) |
|
|
|
0.708 |
| 0 |
55 (85.9%) |
18 (90.0%) |
37 (84.1%) |
|
| 1 |
9 (14.1%) |
2 (10.0%) |
7 (15.9%) |
|
| Location of index ulcer with osteomyelitis (choice=Proximal half of metatarsal bone) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
62 (96.9%) |
20 (100.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
2 (3.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| Type of growth in pre-operative bone culture (choice=Gram-positive pathogens) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
48 (75.0%) |
15 (75.0%) |
33 (75.0%) |
|
| 1 |
16 (25.0%) |
5 (25.0%) |
11 (25.0%) |
|
| Type of growth in pre-operative bone culture (choice=Gram-negative pathogens) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
58 (90.6%) |
18 (90.0%) |
40 (90.9%) |
|
| 1 |
6 (9.4%) |
2 (10.0%) |
4 (9.1%) |
|
| Type of growth in pre-operative bone culture (choice=Non-pathogenic bacteria) |
|
|
|
0.531 |
| 0 |
62 (96.9%) |
19 (95.0%) |
43 (97.7%) |
|
| 1 |
2 (3.1%) |
1 (5.0%) |
1 (2.3%) |
|
| Imaging studies (choice=Not performed) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
62 (96.9%) |
20 (100.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
2 (3.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| Imaging studies (choice=X-ray) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
2 (3.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| 1 |
62 (96.9%) |
20 (100.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| Imaging studies (choice=MRI) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
60 (93.8%) |
19 (95.0%) |
41 (93.2%) |
|
| 1 |
4 (6.2%) |
1 (5.0%) |
3 (6.8%) |
|
| Result of X-ray |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 1 |
11 (17.7%) |
3 (15.0%) |
8 (19.0%) |
|
| 2 |
51 (82.3%) |
17 (85.0%) |
34 (81.0%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=Knee-high irremovable offloading device) |
|
|
|
0.486 |
| 0 |
54 (84.4%) |
18 (90.0%) |
36 (81.8%) |
|
| 1 |
10 (15.6%) |
2 (10.0%) |
8 (18.2%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=Knee-high removable offloading device) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
62 (96.9%) |
20 (100.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
2 (3.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=Ankle high removable offloading device) |
|
|
|
0.769 |
| 0 |
45 (70.3%) |
15 (75.0%) |
30 (68.2%) |
|
| 1 |
19 (29.7%) |
5 (25.0%) |
14 (31.8%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=Shoe alteration) |
|
|
|
0.283 |
| 0 |
33 (51.6%) |
8 (40.0%) |
25 (56.8%) |
|
| 1 |
31 (48.4%) |
12 (60.0%) |
19 (43.2%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=Orthesis (e.g. toe spacer)) |
|
|
|
0.312 |
| 0 |
63 (98.4%) |
19 (95.0%) |
44 (100.0%) |
|
| 1 |
1 (1.6%) |
1 (5.0%) |
0 (0.0%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=Felt padding) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
42 (65.6%) |
13 (65.0%) |
29 (65.9%) |
|
| 1 |
22 (34.4%) |
7 (35.0%) |
15 (34.1%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=Non-weightbearing mobilization) |
|
|
|
0.049 |
| 0 |
56 (87.5%) |
20 (100.0%) |
36 (81.8%) |
|
| 1 |
8 (12.5%) |
0 (0.0%) |
8 (18.2%) |
|
| Offloading regimen(s) used (choice=other) |
|
|
|
0.003 |
| 0 |
55 (85.9%) |
13 (65.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
9 (14.1%) |
7 (35.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| Revascularisation procedure in phase 1 (choice=Angioplasty (with or without stent) above the knee) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
62 (96.9%) |
20 (100.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
2 (3.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| Revascularisation procedure in phase 1 (choice=Angioplasty (with or without stent) below the knee) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
56 (87.5%) |
18 (90.0%) |
38 (86.4%) |
|
| 1 |
8 (12.5%) |
2 (10.0%) |
6 (13.6%) |
|
| Revascularisation procedure in phase 1 (choice=Endovascular recanalisation procedure above the knee) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
63 (98.4%) |
20 (100.0%) |
43 (97.7%) |
|
| 1 |
1 (1.6%) |
0 (0.0%) |
1 (2.3%) |
|
| Revascularisation procedure in phase 1 (choice=Endovascular recanalisation procedure below the knee) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
62 (96.9%) |
20 (100.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
2 (3.1%) |
0 (0.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|
| Revascularisation procedure in phase 1 (choice=Other) |
|
|
|
1.000 |
| 0 |
61 (95.3%) |
19 (95.0%) |
42 (95.5%) |
|
| 1 |
3 (4.7%) |
1 (5.0%) |
2 (4.5%) |
|