RECD: April 2025

Background

This is a pilot of an experimental manipulation of global CWV.

Participants were shown one of the following:

HIGH CWV CONDITION:
Think of a recent situation you’ve been in that brought out your competitive side. It could be a project, organization, job, or event where the situation caused you to feel highly competitive — where you and others around you were doing whatever you could to get ahead and beat others, rather than working together.

This situation may have caused you to set aside fairness and generosity in favor of looking out for yourself and getting an edge on others. You may have felt like winning was everything — if you played nice and trusted others, you’d end up on the bottom. If no such situation comes to mind, think of a situation that’s closest to what is described here.

LOW CWV CONDITION:
Think of a recent situation you’ve been in that brought out your cooperative side. It could be a project, organization, job, or event where the situation caused you to feel highly cooperative — where you were working together with people, trusting them and being trusted by them, and acting with generosity and honesty.
In this situation, you may have been working together with others toward a common goal; instead of being selfish, you all pulled together, helped each other, and trusted one another. In this episode or context, you and the people around you showed compassion and acted in harmony. If no such situation comes to mind, think of a situation that’s closest to what is described here.

Then, they completed two writing tasks:
1. describing that situation and how they acted in it.
2. reflecting on how they would act if they were manager in a situation like the one they described.

Then, they were shown one of 23 previously collected descriptions of managerial dominance.
Then, they completed the following measures: relationship impact, compliance impact, attention check, hypothetical behavior as the manager, CWV, descriptive norm, prescriptive norm, and perceived dominance.

Eligibility

Let’s see who passed the attention check

is_elg	N	Perc
0	9	4.43
1	194	95.57

That gives us a total of 194 eligible participants.

Demographics

Race

race	N	Perc
asian	9	4.64
black	25	12.89
hispanic	8	4.12
multiracial	12	6.19
white	136	70.10
NA	4	2.06

Gender

gender	N	Perc
man	91	46.91
woman	100	51.55
NA	3	1.55

Age

age_mean	age_sd
36.65445	10.8257

Education

edu	N	Perc
noHS	1	0.52
GED	29	14.95
2yearColl	25	12.89
4yearColl	93	47.94
MA	31	15.98
PHD	15	7.73

Income

Measures

Open responses

Description of situation

Please write a few sentences below describing that situation and how people were acting.

PID	cond	desc_situation
3	low	There was a recent severe weather event in my local area, and we came together to make safety plans for people. Afterwards, we set up a gofundme to send supplies and help to people who need it.
4	low	We have a new time process at work. I help the employee’s log on and complete their time.
5	high	It was a high-stress, competitive situation where everyone wanted to stand out
6	high	The last time I felt this competitive about something was trying to propose an idea to my team that made a process in our program more efficient; since I am the lowest-level person on my team I felt like my opinion wasn’t taken as seriously so I had to work especially hard to defend my positions and explain my thought process. Since everyone else on my team had been on the team for so many years, it was initially difficult to get them to buy-in, but I had some success in getting some of the ideas passed.
7	high	Working in a call center and having analytics based on call volume, wait times, etc.. You could see your coworkers as well as your own, so I did my best to be better than them at all times. My managers were aware of it and approved.
8	high	We had an inter-department contest to see who could verify the most orders in the most efficient manner. I ended up winning because although my speed was a little slower than the fastest my accuracy and efficiency was immaculate. My supervisor was impressed enough to send an email to the head of the entire warehouse who then gave me a shoutout at the next meeting. Really cool.
9	high	I was competing in a Premier team for Valorant. When competing in our matches I made sure to study the enemies and exploit every single one of their weaknesses. I took advantage of everything I had in my utility to win the match.
10	low	Working in a school we send out report cards. I work with others to get the information posted correctly, printed and mailed out in a timely fashion.
11	low	One of my roommates was having trouble breathing and I was concerned about her. A few other roommates were also concerned and wanted the sick one to go to the hospital. The concerned roommates finally convinced the sick one to go to the hospital.
12	high	A situation at work where I felt competitive would be when we had a bonus that was tied to our performance and how much work we could get done. Of course I wanted to have the higher bonus so I worked my butt off so that I would hopefully be in the lead and get the higher bonus. My coworker worked hard too but he doesn’t work as well under stress so overall it wasn’t too hard to keep the lead from him.
13	high	During this situation, people were reacting towards me like it wasn’t a reasonable thing to do. They were confused like they hadn’t been stirring it on the entire time by how they were acting. It commands respect
15	low	i worked with some friends to remove a wall and redo a floor in their house. everyone has different ideas and skill levels, which makes it tough to work together
17	high	Another coworker and I which were working on the same type of project just started, and there was this unspoken competition to see who could finish their project first. The coworker was younger than I was, so I felt that I should offer some guidance, but during standups, he made me feel foolish because he either misheard what I said or blatantly reported that I said something false.
18	high	The situation I can think of is at my son’s t-ball game. His team had not won a game yet and we played a team who was below our level. When we started scoring, it brought out a side of me that I never knew I had. When the other team tried to make a comeback, it made me so anxious.
19	low	Today actually this happened. We had an issue with resources from one side of my team. I volunteered to stop the work i was doing to help. They were very aggravated yelling at eachother and it turned into utter chaos. I had to step in say i would help and that everyone needed to calm down to deescalate the situation as much as possible. It was going on for more than an hour and sort of is now but it has calmed down to reasonable discussion at this point.
21	low	A project needed to be completed accurately and quickly. A team was put together to complete the task and everyone worked together to accomplish the goal. Not one person, although some of the people normally do, acted in a selfish way.
22	high	It was a book fair event for children. All of us volunteer parents were to choose jobs of equal labor. Not everyone would do so. Many sat around on their phones while others did all the work. It was agitating, especially when they were also given a free book for their time.
23	low	My boss asked for volunteers to write a new page for our website. I volunteered and then immediately two of my close coworkers also volunteered to help. I took the lead in creating a shared document and drafting the outline of the page. We messaged each other and shared ideas, and even had a quick Teams call to chat about what information should be on the page. I enjoyed working with my coworkers because they were friendly and excited about my ideas. It made me feel good to be a part of the the team! We got the website page finished quickly and we were all proud of our work. We got positive feedback on it as well and I feel like it’s due in large part to how well me & the team got along.
24	high	My job is not very competitive, but certain employees are all vying for the best design projects. There are two who get all the good jobs. I do feel quite competitive towards them in that I want t match their input and dedication to the company in order to be considered for work on one of the next good projects that comes up at work. I would be happy if I got the next job and the two in question did not.
25	low	A recent time when I felt cooperative was when one of my friends needed help moving some boxes and items in their garage. I felt that I was able and willing to help, and decided to offer my assistance. They happily accepted, and we went off to their garage where I was able to help them move the items they wanted out of their garage.
26	low	This relates to a project I am working on at work. It is my co-workers project that I have assisted with and a few others. We each did a little bit of work and are now almost finished with a completed product.
27	high	My company I was working for held a contest. Whoever had the most knowledge won a gift card. There were several of us there. We all were interested in winning. The company rarely ever did any incentives for employees.
28	low	My wife and I are clearing trees and rampant shrubbery w/ briars and thorns from our backyard. Yardwork is not my fave activity. But working with my wife, I found she was a great workmate.
30	high	I was working on completing all the tasks that needed be done to get ready for prepping a program and I could tell my coworker felt a little tense and did not want to step on my toes by getting in my way it was quiet in the work space
31	high	I had to interview for the nursing position I’m currently in that another nurse was also interested in. It came down to who would be the best fit for the position and following the interview I got the job.
32	high	I’m not in a lot of situations like that especially at work. I guess when visiting a theme park everyone was out for themselves in finding parking, getting ahead in line, pushing others out of the way.
33	low	At work, when trying to fill in coverage for absences, I will often work cooperatively with department secretarys to fill the jobs. If I miss something, they will ask around and offer help to try and fill the gaps. It helps to keep the building running smoothly.
34	high	I can’t think of one, so I’ll briefly talk about the space rate of the 1950’s and 60’s. We were determined to beat Russia. Once they had beat us to space, we were not going to let them beat us to the moon. Even to the point that we were bringing in scientists that were formerly associated with the Nazi’s rocket program so that we could take advantage of their knowledge to help beat the Russians to the moon.
35	low	At my work, everyone has to do their job with the final goal in mind. No one can slack or the job does not get done. I trust that other team members will do their job, and then i can fill in the slack. It’s a commitment to the end product. Everyone is acting responsibly.
36	high	Recently, a coworker and I were both going after a promotion at work. This caused us both to act competitive and push ourselves harder than we normally would have in order to prove ourselves to the team. We are normally friendly with each other but became very quiet around one another and others in the office took notice and also became awkward around us.
37	low	As a project manager, almost all of my work requires collaboration with others on my teams, both on the internal and external side of things. It’s very common for our timelines to be moved up or for a client to request an additional deliverable, so my team and I will need to work together to prioritize work and ensure everyone has the bandwidth to complete our tasks.
39	high	I was in a job where performance was evaluated based on a certain metric. I prioritized my own metrics even when I saw my coworkers struggling, and knew that it might set the department as a whole behind. I was not willing to risk my performance to help my coworkers.
40	low	There was a fire at my job. I was the 1st to arrive at the office. I had to start shutting servers before anyone else arrived. People were stressed yet cooperative.
41	low	Helping with organizing a student event. Working with colleague to market the event to students, got a speaker to come in, helped with some set up and clean up. Spoke about other opportunities for students during the event.
42	low	I was hopeful that they would be cooperative. They were, it was rewarding to work together for a common goal and see it through to the end.
43	low	At work when there was an issue with compensation for research participants, we had to work together to hault certain study activities and communicate which participants were a priority to continue study activies. It took about a month and it was a little stressful to constantly check what participants were more of a priority but everyone in my team did it
44	high	This scenario was during a class I was taking where we all had to give a final presentation based on what we learned in the class as well as outside work. It brought out competition because I wanted my presentation to be one of the best out of the class. If our presentation was the best we would be asked to give it in front of a conference the next month. This drove me to work very hard on putting it together.
45	low	I did not see the situation, maybe there was a glitch?
46	low	I recently had to create a slide deck for a project. While I knew the broad overview of how the project went, I wasn’t the subject matter expert. After I created a draft/shell of the slides, the subject matter experts were more than happy to review them and provide the details needed to add color and context to how the project went. The SMEs also were able to provide data that I could use for analysis to report out on how the project went. There was no hesitation from all parties in coming together to create the deck.
47	low	I walked into the office feeling anxious and vulnerable. The doctor barely looked at me,quickly dismissing my concern without a proper explanation.the atmosphere was rushed and indifferent. Everyone seemed preoccupied and unapproachable leaving me isolated and frustrated
48	high	A while back a few of us were up for promotion. I knew it was going to be a close call as to who would be chosen. At some point when I learned of this happening soon I decided to be more reserved with the knowledge I had in our area of expertise. I acted normal but you could tell there was something in the air because of how reserve people were leading to the decision. Ultimately I believed I was chosen because of my work ethic.
49	high	In a test at grad school, the professor assigned it as take home closed note. But people want to get the highest grade in the class so they cheat and use AI and notes.
50	high	I felt that with a recent department workshop where I was expected to present back to back with a few other employees. We could present on anything but I knew that I needed to impress upper leadership and show them I was more competent than my peers presenting before and after me. It was stressful and in the end frustrating as none of the leadership even showed up for my presentation. I felt foolish and annoyed.
51	low	I recently worked with my team to create an FAQ for our call center. We made this to distribute to the rest of the company so they understand our processes. It felt nice to not have to do the work alone.
52	high	A warehouse inventory challenge turned cutthroat when a prize was on the line. Everyone rushed to scan the most items first, cutting corners and hoarding carts. I focused on speed over accuracy. Winning was all that mattered.
53	low	Leading AKI data collection felt deeply cooperative. Research nurses, fellows, and I harmonized, trusting each other’s meticulous data entry. Shared patient well-being drove our generous help and honest feedback, a truly collaborative effort.
54	high	sorry I click next too fast and just being honest, so I don’t know how they were feeling
55	high	There was a meeting at work for test scores. It felt like a competition, and I wanted to have higher scores. So, people were skipping mandatory lessons to practice things on the test, making it not fair.
57	high	Recently, I and a fellow colleague both applied to the same scholarship to attend a conference. Where normally one of us would completely help the other, this required that we not be as involved in giving feedback and instead relying on others in the group. It did not feel aggressive in any way, but it did change our behavior to be less cooperative perhaps.
58	low	After finding out that my staff were feeling burnt out, my lead and I collaborated to come up with several fun activities for them. We started call center bingo this morning.
59	low	We were working together to try and find ways to increase our social media efficacy. We came up with a few really good ideas that we all agreed on and everyone left the meeting feeling energized and optimistic.
60	high	I was lucky in the fact that none of my coworkers made me feel like they were acting unfairly in order to win. It was a sales contest and other than ability, I feel like we were all on an even playing field.
61	high	People were not being the nicest; with tensions running high we made the decision to cool down and eventually everyone came out happier.
62	high	Recently to pass the time in the airport while traveling with friends we decided to play cards. We settled on a game that each of us had played but there was a new rule introduced. In the beginning I thought I was playing the new rule was hard to adjust to and I found myself losing. I quickly adjusted my style of play and was determined to win.
63	low	I had to rush to finish a project by the end of the day on a Friday. My coworker and I were both trying to finish our work but also maintain accuracy. She is still training me in my new role and didn’t provide as much guidance as I would have preferred.
64	low	during a group project last semester, we all collaborated to create a presentation. instead of focusing on our parts we helped each other, shared the work and ideas, and trusted everyone to contribute. it felt good to be part of a team that cared about doing well together.
65	high	My job requires me to produce $$ and at the same time be ethical. We were having a competition who could bring in the most $ for a bonus. Everyone seemed a little more stressed as we knew we were all competing with each other for the bonus.
66	low	Our community decided to hold a neighborhood wide Easter egg hunt for the kids over this coming weekend. As a community we all pitched in with plastic eggs, toys, and candy. Additionally, we are volunteering to distribute eggs and entertain the day of. Everyone was happy to help and it was exciting to see my community come together in a way that helps kids and families feel like they belong.
68	low	I recently worked with a relatively large team to get a new online banking platform launched. It required all hands on deck, and that at the core everyone thought about what was best for our customers, not what was best for us individually. Each of us had to take on work that we didn’t normally do in order to get the platform launched, and we need to constantly coordinate tasks and verify information with one another. It was incredibly collaborative and our hard work paid off with an incredibly smooth launch with minimal production issues. When an issue arose, we continued to work together to get it solved ASAP.
69	low	people were acting somehow as if they are scared and tired and it is looking like there is something they are willing to talk about but they just decided not to talk just as a result been punished by whoever
70	low	While organizing a charity event, we worked together with trust and joy.
71	low	We are involved in a project with two other offices where we are the “glue” trying to optimize a process so that it is more efficient and produces better data. In total, 7-10 people are involved.
72	low	I brought in people to help with a specific project to lower costs for our business. My coworkers were om board because not only did it help the business, but it helped our individual goals.
73	low	Worked together with a couple different coworkers to decorate for our company christmas party. We listened to each others thoughts on how best to lay out the decor, where to put the tables and how to engage everyone for the meal. We all cooperated and didnt talk back if we didnt agree with the others thoughts
74	low	In a recent training class for work team worked together to help everyone understand project
75	low	Recently, we lost power at work and had to figure out a way to get the drivers moving because they don’t make money if they are not driving. We all worked together to manually get bills ready and write down everything we would usually have software to do.
76	high	In my current job, we have a sales leaderboard every month that lets every worker know how many sales everyone has for the month in the store. There are incentives for those in the top 2 positions with the most sales at the end of the month. As the month progressed, I found myself checking the leaderboard much more and obsessing over having my name up at the top. It created a drive and motivation to get as many sales as possible and set daily goals to try and get 1 sale every day I worked. This lifestyle would bleed into my work day as I would put off smaller tasks in order to communicate with clients to try and convert sales. It was an obsessive mindset that continued until the end of the month, where I did find myself in the top 2 positions.
77	low	I recently collaborated with a number of coworkers on a cross division project. We needed to work effectively and collaboratively. We ultimately had success in the project and worked well together.
78	high	We are paid a bonus for projects with outside clients that have over a 30% margin on the profit. I have a few co-workers who just on a long term project at the last few days to be included on the team. I see this as not fair due to these people not doing the months-long work to make the project successful. They always come onto the project to add “one more set of eyes” or some perceived expertise. I will always lock them out of the bonus.
79	low	My coworkers and I came together to develop a summer youth program for Deaf/CODA children within our service area. We worked on grant writing, budgeting, planning events, and so on. We were able to seamlessly work together towards a common goal for the children this summer.
80	high	We were working on an integration project and my leadership indicated there was promotional opportunities with it. I passionately poured myself into my work, and would on occasion keep select insights private/withheld from one of my leaders due to previous observations when I noticed my insights being used for their self-promotion with nothing in return given to me. At the end of the integration, I didn’t receive a promotion or incentive/award and inherited a new supervisor (when I thought I would be that role). I observed from my new supervisor no such communications during the project. I felt blindsided.
81	low	At work I was in a situation where the entire team needed to work together to complete physical inventory for the quarter. People were feeling energetic but also anxious for the results.
82	low	I had to recently work on a project with a cross-functional team where we had to work in a cooperative environment. This brought together two teams that do not normally work together and are often in competition with each other. This made it difficult at first because people were extremely guarded and felt that everyone on the other team had an ulterior motive. However, after working with each other for a while, the team started to work well together, knowing that we all had the same goal in mind for this particular project. This allowed most team members to be more open with each other.
83	high	some years back there was problem which needed to be solved and noone could find a solution. the managers decided to turn finding a solution into a competition. due to privacy issues, i cannot say what the issue was. the competition was company wide. we were given an incentive of an extra bonus at the end of the quarter and one week paid time off, anytime during the year. it was chaos. people were running around and yelling. no one was sitting together during lunch. instead most people ate lunch at their stations, or offices. i remember how thick the air felt for that week. it was tense.
84	low	My jeep had rolled backwards onto of the snowblower that was behind it to the point where the back of the jeep was in the air balanced on top of it. My girlfriend and I had to use a farm jack to lift the jeep up with a muddy surface so one of us could pull the snowblower out from under the jeep. I dictated instructions while my girlfriend did her best to follow them as she had never been a recovery situation before.
85	low	The situation was a workgroup meeting. There were judges, lawyers, probation, officers, community corrections all involved. We met once a month. The discussion was always to better the pretrial process. There were a lot of big personalities there. Some people were angry and yelling. Others were quiet. Some people were only interjecting when they had something important to say. The head of the meeting would calm it down if it got too out of hand. In the end, we were all able to work through our disagreements and make a vote for the best of the people we deal with and at the same time keeping our community safe.
86	high	There was a football pool at work and everyone was putting their money in and making their selections. It was crowded and loud but everyone was positive and it was in good fun
87	high	We recently had an office decorating contest. We were given supplies and allowed to find additional supplies around the office. My coworker and I decorated together and were looking at other offices to compare as it was happening. Many of my other coworkers in competition with us were very competitive.
88	high	The company I work for is pretty small so these situations don’t come up very often. A recent one that I can think of has to do with seeing who could get drawings done the fastest for a job. It was between me and another person, both of us just working to get it done before the other. It wasn’t entirely competitive in the sense of trying to beat the other for a prize, but just because we both wanted to do it and could do it.
89	high	I opened an event space, a competitor shortly after opened one as well, keeping the business under wraps and not letting me know until it was already opened.
90	low	At my company we got together with an animal shelter and volunteered on the weekends for a few months. Together we helped clean the shelter to make it a more welcoming place for animals with no current home. We took out trash, repainted the building and created a safer environment.
91	low	Myself and others were in a work like environment and tasked to complete a job. Instead of working independently and selfishly, we banded together and completed the job together.
92	low	People work together in perfect harmony. Instead of being selfish and chasing private goals. They work together and work towards a particular goal together.
93	low	I recently worked with a diverse group within my organization to patch our test environment. Multiple people had significant involvement in this effort and we were all very cooperative in accomplishingthe task.
94	high	I went to a board game night with some friends recently. When I arrived it turned out that we weren’t just going to play board games we were going to play Magic the Gathering. I am normally not competitive but the night quickly devolved into friendly, but very serious, competition.
95	low	Just recently at work, we were given several projects to work on and divided into teams. The design of the project was in a way that we could all complete tasks within it individually and get paid for each completed task. Originally, most people in my group chose to work alone, aiming to get the most pay. But seeing that for us to efficiently and succeessfully complete the entire project, we had to maintain communication and constantly share information. Two of us reached out to the others and asked for everyone to cooperate. This way we were able to complete the project in ample time
96	low	I work at a daycare part time. We all recently worked together to rearrange the entire daycare room after the manager left and we got a new one. We all had input and why certain things made more sense in different areas of the room and how it would be beneficial. I think it really helped changing the layout and now everything flows better and makes more sense in its place.
97	high	My job requires me to drive in teams where we take multiple cars back from a location. Sometimes, we try to get ahead of the other driver to beat them back to the company facility where parking spots are limited. This can lead to competitiveness and minor hostilities.
98	low	People were happpy to work together because they know that they needed each other to succeeed. It was all mutually benifitcial and so everyone did their part.
99	high	When I was younger and my classmates at dance all went and auditioned for a lead in this Ballet our company was doing. On the surface everyone seemed supportive but girls would physically push to get to the front of the audition, and not help others with the choreography. Everyone dressed nicely and wore makeup and didn’t lat the group know what they were wearing. No one was offering to carpool in hopes that less girls would be able to make the audition, and when the results came out kids where given the cold shoulder.
100	low	In our situation we had to make productivity goals for the clinic. However, a virus went through our workforce forcing us to miss work. We instead picked up the work for the individuals that were sick in order to meet the group productivity goals.
101	low	I manage a production team of five and we usually create different pieces. There was this time we had an order for a resin made wall art that required us to work together within a short period of time. cooperation really helped us beat time.
102	high	Recently when I was competing for a cash prize. Not myself but others were acting very self centered and they were playing dirty in other to win. I winded up being pushed down after being shoved to get ahead.
103	low	I worked on a team project where everyone collaborated, shared ideas and supported each other. We were able to overcome the challenges of the tasks and successfully achieved a desired goal.
104	high	I work in recruiting and sit out of our Lincoln, NE office. We have a client in Commerce, GA that does vehicle processing for Toyota and our Jacksonville Branch was responsible for staffing them. The client raised headcount to 90 and we were at only 70. The recruiter in charge was struggling to keep up so they asked me to step in. It became a race between her and I to fill as many spots as possible. My manager was supportive and helped with sourcing. The other recruiter was not happy I was treading on her territory and was purposely making shortcuts in the process to speed up her candidates starting. Near the end, I got more starts than her and we hit the headcount exactly on the day we needed too.
105	low	Recently I needed to collaborate with several supervisors to decide how to deal with two students under my care. The students were involved in a situation that impacted their ability to complete their program. Therefore we needed to come together to create a situation that would work for both students as well as the program.
106	low	I helped an old woman cross the street I believe a year or so ago. I saw her at an intersection and she grabbed my hand and asked me to help her cross the street. It was surprising and sweet especially because I’m a younger black guy and she was an older white woman but she didn’t show any racism and was trusting enough in me to have me help her across the street. She said something to me about trusting me or seeing something in me that made her trust me. It was pretty cool.
107	low	In nursing school, I had to do a group presentation with a few of my classmates. We each divided the topics we were going to do, then added all of our information to the same powerpoint, then we presented it together. Everyone was easy going and cooperative.
108	high	I may not have a specific recent situation where this applies but I feel I am always quite competitive. I am always putting myself first and am willing to push a few people to the side in order to get it. I try my best to carry some others with me through the end but other aren’t that way and people are acting as if it can only be for themselves and are willing to leave everyone behind. Very cut throat.
109	low	Recently a good number of people at my workplace were laid off. It was a stressful time for everyone. During their last 2 weeks, the people who were retained including myself worked to put aside our own stress for the good of the people who were laid off. We took on more work to ensure a smoother transition as the affected workers were finishing up their last tasks and handing off projects to others.
110	low	I have once work in a cooperative society it was a craxy experience for me
111	high	Competition can get the best of people and make them react negatively to situations. People did not act rationally and it may effect how the people in the situation view each other going forward. I believe they should’ve taken the time to cool off.
112	low	I worked on a project rolling out new laptops with software that requires extensive testing in order to work. Everyone worked together to test the software and even though there were quite a few hiccups the roll out was eventually successful.
113	low	Recently I had a multi-part project that I was presenting on to my teammates, and my boss suggested that the project did not need to be multiple parts and would be just as effective if we focused on first primary main part. I didn’t want to loose the second part, but I agreed anyway because she is the boss. Then my colleague approached me and said what if you and I work together to change the second part into a brand new project that aligns with both of our interests. I was intrigued, we’ve discussed it a few times, my colleague was open to me taking the lead although in the end we agreed that she was better in the lead position, and we’re presenting our plan and preliminary progress to the boss this Thursday. We think she will like this new approach.
114	high	One situation would be where I was playing a board game with friends and I was very competitive. It was very tense and everyone was focused on winning. It was a very heated game.
115	high	A situation at work where I felt competitive was in my sales position where the most sales of the month received an additional bonus. I was highly competitive during this time because I wanted the monetary bonus at the end of the month and so was everyone else. We usually would all help each other however there was a lot of times that many people blatantly ignored others so that they could have the upper hand in the competition.
116	low	a situation that brought out my cooperative side was when a group of disaster relief volunteers worked together after a hurricane. Relief workers, medical teams, and local community members united with the shared aim of helping those in need. There was no sense of individual competition instead people relied on each other’s strength, communicated openly and acted generously. Trust was essential, volunteers depended omn each other to manage resources and support affected families
117	low	There was a firedrill at work. We all were working towards putting out the fire, so to speak. I had to work with multiple people, but my partner in particular had an opportunity to either work on just his items, or he could’ve took on some items that he didn’t necessarily have to take on - divide and conquer so to speak. At the end of the day we pulled together and worked through it.
118	high	I remember being told to try and sell the most product that was being sampled. I remember most really did not care enough to go along. One co worker was upselling so much, the supervisor was praising her out loud. Most of us just ignored them both.
119	high	Well my brother was talking very unfairly about my mother and about her choices for bills and what not and he and his girl friend were acting very smug about their choices. they choose to put her down and admitted they have little to no hope for her. which is just totaly not cool.
120	high	the last time I felt this way I was playing a board game with other people from work (it was a game day at work for an hour). I don’t think the other people were particularly competitive because they were new to the game and I had played it a lot. I think I ended up winning if I remember correctly. Everyone else was just trying to be nice for the most part.
121	high	I always want to get ahead. I am very competitive. I recently finished a report before everyone else because I wanted to be first
122	low	A team that sits near me but I’m not part of was working on setting up a new project. There are a lot of small tedious tasks that need to get done as part of this setup. I overheard some team members and the supervisor complaining that they don’t have enough time to do the work in the time it needed to be done.
123	high	traders were fast and cutthroat. had to be quicker or miss out big
124	low	We have to change the way that our job scheduling works, and the infrastructure associated with it over licensing issues. Multiple people on the team as well as individuals from outside of it needed to cooperate to get the project to completion.
125	high	I was competitive when trying to become the foods supervisor. I had to show that I knew my stuff, and that I was the best man for the job. I really had to work hard for this postion.
126	high	This may sound silly, but youth sports brings out a competitive drive. I feel the drive to help get my son in front of as many teams and as many trainers as is reasonable and not overwhelming, so that they may be in the best position possible to achieve his dreams. There are many other parents who do the same, trying to compete for spots on local teams. If I did not bring out a competitive drive to help my son, I do feel like some other players would be ahead of him that are not currently so.
128	high	I was tasked with creating a balanced budget by my boss. I felt competitive because it seemed like he didn’t think that I could do it.
129	low	I am working to find people to join a Pilgrimage trip to Europe. My partner is heavily involved and we are working in tandem.
130	high	The recent situation that brought competition among team members was when our manager asked members of my team to create a proposal individually. During the creation of this proposal, everyone turned their backs against one another. No one was willing to help anybody so that they would have a competitive edge and maybe even win the silent competition to writing the proposal.
131	low	Recently we had an inspection that required a lot of internal auditing beforehand. Some of my colleagues had difficulty getting everything ready beforehand due to their personal work load or outside commitments. We all pulled together to finish other’s projects before the deadline after we had completed our own audits.
132	low	We had to get our residents down to take surveys. We decided to throw a survey party and serve tacos. We all came together to set up the party, make tacos, help our residents access the surveys and then serve them all tacos as they completed their surveys.
133	high	I was part of a group project where everyone was focused on outperforming rather than collaborating. What I really mean is instead of sharing ideas and working as a team, people were withholding information to gain an edge. Some tried to take credit for others’ work, while others prioritized their own success over the groups’
134	low	State level associations in the industry I’m in are dwindling and being disbanded all over. In the interest if keeping the association(s) alive and relevant, we decided to get together with various state organizations to merge and create a regional organization. There was a lot of skepticism at first, but the overall picture showed that if we didn’t band together to do something, state associations would keep dwindling and dying off. It was decided that there is strength in numbers and those that are members of these organizations agreed that it would be harmful to businesses if the association went away and there was no longer any advocacy for these small, local business trying to navigate increased, larger sized competition. In the end, there was a lot of cooperation and ideas and renewed energy to keep the association going at a higher level rather than letting the state level associations die off.
135	high	I feel I am pretty competitive on a normal basis but mostly with myself. I always try to be better and beat my scores or work numbers or whatever. I like to set a goal and crush but not competitive and the expense of other people. I am a team player but in the event I will benefit if I “win” especially financially I will work hard but still not sabotage or mess with others to get there
136	high	I once worked a sales job where there were many outbound sales reps in the same territory. It created an environment where people let competitiveness and greed get the best of them as people were stealing leads from others and if you wanted to make money you had to participate in the game. It definitely brought out the worst in people and I did not stay there long as it felt wrong.
137	high	There was a new hire, who kept stepping on my toes, getting ahead of tasks before me even though they were still in training. It was a bit frustrating, so at times I would start the task before them without notifying them so they could feel how it felt.
138	high	People are having selfish interests regardless of their workplace goals. This does not enable optimum productivity.
139	high	There was a competion at my job to see who could get the most perfect parts out. People were treating it like friendly competition and having fun with it.
140	low	My team hired a new worker to assist myself and another strategist in our roles. I had to hand off some of my projects and clients to her so I could focus on higher priority ones. I had to be cooperative with her during this transition and it ended up being a great scenario where I was able to share my knowledge and let go of some non-priority accounts.
141	high	I ran into a situation where I became competetitive recently. Someone left the job and a new person was not rehired. I took over the position along with someone else as our added responsibilites. I found myself trying to compete to see how many leads I can get versus the second person doing the other portion of the position.
142	low	a situation where i felt cooperative was working in a paper with my supervisor. we both felt a sense of urgency so would take time out of our schedules to work on the paper and send it back to the other person as quickly as possible. We also both incorporated the other person’s suggestions and worked together to try to find solutions to any problems.
143	low	A time at work when I was cooperating with a team member was on a project where the deadline was really tight and the client was asking for a lot of deliverables within that timeframe. What we did is we split the tasks and worked on the deliverables which we had expertise on. It was difficult, especially dealing with back and forths with the client. We eventually submitted the deliverables to the client on time, and the client was happy with them.
144	high	Recently a coworker has made it clear they were willing to get ahead and succeed by any means necessary in order to stand out to management. This had made me more competitive to be successful in my own projects in order to keep any negative comments the coworker made against me would not be taken seriously, and also made me more guarded about helping this individual with their project.
145	low	A coworker was struggling to see any potential errors in a report she’d spent a long time working on, due to having looked at it for too long. She was very stressed, so I helped her review it by going line-by-line through her report and asking her questions to double-check that all the info was correct.
146	low	A time that brought out my cooperative side was when I first started teaching. The environment in the school I worked in was highly collaborative and everyone supported each other.
147	low	Recently, a woman in our group has been out on sick leave. That has left us shorthanded but we all pulled together to take over her work tasks so we could get some projects done on time and not leave her with a mountain of work when she gets back.
148	high	Last week at work, a coworker was bragging and boasting of how quickly they work and get things packaged, but in reality their speed is pretty average. It made me want to show off how quickly I can work and get things done to show how their speed is not that quick. I did a couple of tasks to prove a point but stopped myself because I felt I was being childish.
149	high	A few months ago, my organisation held a meeting to consider putting a new product out to the market. We were tasked with generating innovative ideas for products that would make waves in the market. The instruction was given that whoever could come up with a unique idea for a product with an untapped market would get a promotion and a salary raise. This was a once-in-a-lifetime offer for me, and I needed to bring out my absolute best. I was on different teams with my close friends at work and colleagues, but I didn’t care about that situation. All I wanted for my idea to be the best, and I worked so tirelessly for it, so much so that on presentation day, my idea stood out, I got a raise and a promotion, but I also lost a few work friends because of how cutthroat I was.
150	low	Volunteering at the food drive everybody works together. We do our best to be as polite as possible to each other and to those needing the food. If one person is tired we will switch tasks to cover for each other.
151	high	I had a situation where I had to play in a competitive basketball league. There was a prize and there were some incentives for personal performance as well, such as most points, most rebounds, etc. I felt very compelled to perform well individually in order to maximize the benefit from this game. Everyone else involved was compelled to as well I feel like to perform to their personal best.
152	high	Just random work competitions working at a food place there is a lot of inventory to do so theres who can get that done quciker or stuff like stacking the tins taller than eachother or the most competitive in the kitchen is when the dish sprayer starts to get sprayed at someone then that person has to do something similar.
153	low	While working in counseling, my co-workers and I had to work together to create new topics for the counseling classes we ran. Each of us mentioned a new and engaging topic and provided our honest feedback to each of these new ideas. Everyone offered positive feedback and constructive criticism. By working together and bouncing ideas off each other, we were able to successfully create 8 new and fun counseling classes.
154	low	My team and I were assigned to a project and it had a tight deadline. We always work together on any project we’re assigned to, but we truly cracked down on this one because of how close the deadline was.
155	low	Some of my co-workers and I volunteered to cook lunch for the Ronald McDonald house. We cooperated with each other to come up with a meal plan that consisted of everyone coming together to contribute to the full meal. We had to communicate and get along to make this event a success. It was very enjoyable and rewarding to be apart of this event to help the kids and their families.
156	low	It involved a crisis communication scenario - our organization was responding to an incident that was troubling for the organization. Although I am not on the communications team or department - I am an executive assistant to the president of the company. However, because I am known to be a good writer I am often asked to help review and help the written product be as compelling as possible. In this recent crisis communication situation, I felt that in working with the communications director our thoughts and ideas gelled seamlessly.
157	low	During a busy sale at our store my coworkers and I worked together. Despite having conflict with one of them we managed to work together effectively and exchanged ideas during those hectic days. We never let any negative emotions show towards one another.
158	high	I recently had opportunity to apply for a promotion that I am aware others in my department are applying for. Realistically none of us are a terrible choice, but the knowledge that someone with less credentials, experience, and time at the organization makes me aware of a more competitive side of myself. No one has been anything but lovely, but it still raises your competitive hackles a bit!
159	high	At work, there was a competition to see who could close the most tickets. Everyone was doing whatever they could to take easy tickets and close them as fast as possible. I ended up not even wanting to compete because of the way everyone else was acting.
160	high	We were given a quarterly review exam. The employee who finished first with the most correct responses would receive a paid day off. No one would help each other on the exam even though we were allowed. We usually are very team oriented.
162	high	It was an “everyone for themselves” mode where people were quick to lay fast and loose wit the truth (about others). You can be competitive without causing harm to others and people forgot that.
163	high	I got competitive recently where I was playing basketball at a local court by myself and suddenly several people entered the court an asked if I wanted to play a game with them. I’m naturally very relaxed and choose the “fun” part instead of the competitive one. However, the game was more aggressive and competitive then I expected. Since these people were much younger than I was, I felt the need to step up my game and let them know that I’m not to be messed with, so I started playing harder and more aggressive. This surprised my opponents who assumed I wasn’t very good. As a result of playing harder, I did win the game.
164	high	When grocery shopping before a storm, many people at the grocery store were not being considerate of other shoppers. They were taking large amounts of certain popular items, not watching where they were going, and some customers were even arguing with others in the middle of the aisle.
165	high	There was a field day event taking place amongst all of the middle schools in town. It got out of hand pretty quickly. There were cases of parents picking on children verbally so that the would perform poorly. Trying to set up unfair matches in regards to age and size. Of course I even thought of ways for my daughter’s school to win, but did not act on any of them.
166	low	I was a part of a group project where we had to write a few pages highlighting our program. Everyone was excited to show how hard we were working and everyone got along well to complete this project. Everyone worked together and the task was done and it was done well.
167	low	I recently have had to navigate a coworker leaving her position and deciding on how would be best to replace her and divvy up her responsibilities among the team. I was willing to take on some of her responsibilities if I would be able to decrease some of my responsibilities outside of our department. I am responsible for cleanliness and safety in my office which could be given to anyone who does not hold a healthcare specialty position like myself. this was discussed amongst my coworkers and bosses and everyone agreed that i could relinquish my responsibilities to help out the department more
168	low	I was assigned a team of 50 people to work on a crucial project involving technology and research. The team was cooperative and trustworthy, despite some resignations on the way.
169	low	I was helping to conduct a clinical study, which required three stations. Typically, each station was manned by a person, but this time around, we only had two people, myself and another person. Because of this, we had a little extra work than normal to perform. We didn’t really expect this, so planning was a bit too late. However, me and the co-worker came to a quiet understanding that we ought to help each other out whenever possible. The study required the test subjects to go through each station, so as I finished up my station, my co-worker would take over at the next station. Then, once they were through their station, I would take the third one to finish the subject off. Essentially, we looked at who was doing what at the time, and immediately filled in on what needed to be done next. This allowed us to work through each subject pretty quickly and smoothly, so that no one was waiting for too long and that nothing was being backed up. In this situation, I think everyone was acting like cogs in a well-oiled machine, since we understood what needed to be done and jumped right in.
170	high	i went head to head against another colleague when trying to identify new compounds that inhibit hiv infection in cells. i worked long days and weekends until i identified more than two dozen compounds. i outworked my colleague who only identified 2 compounds within the same time frame. i took this as a competition and i wanted to smash my competitor. i did so and am not looking back.
171	low	People were being very responsive and open to new ideas. This enabled us to work together to finish the project by sharing ideas and what worked and what did not work. It felt good to finish the project as a team.
172	low	I work with a team of individuals. We all came together recently to work together on a complex project. None of use tried to take charge or push our agenda which is come in contracting world. Instead we all collaborated and went out of our way to meet via video conferencing, email, and msg system. Due to this we where able to troubleshoot all problems and advance the project with not issues.
173	high	I am competitive when I do trivia nights with friends. Our group works hard and tries to be on top. We all want to win at all costs.
174	low	I often have to cooperate within a team at my position in a hospital. I collaborate with a multidisciplinary team to determine goals and treatment plans for patients. We are able to cooperate when we remember that we share the same goal of creating a positive outcome for patients. People are able to understand each others roles and work together.
175	low	People were helping each other and I felt like I was involved in all of it. It felt like a nurturing situation to me.
176	low	During a community service initiative to renovate the local center volunteers from varied backgrounds united with the common goal of creating an inviting environment for youth and families. We quickly fostered camaraderie building trust as we collaborated on tasks like painting and designing a mural
177	high	The first instance that came to mind was a time at work a few months ago where we had a competition to see who could enter the most orders in a time period. I worked a lot harder than normal, as I wanted to get the bonus at the end. It messed up my work-life balance for a bit, but I got what I wanted.
178	high	The people i work with are acting like disrespectful kids. They are loud and do not respect others in the room. They can not keep quiet so that others can study.
179	high	I feel that in my workplace a lot. Everyone always wants to be the best employee, trying to kiss up to the boss, trying to bring others down, just so that they can earn some recognition. Some of then don’t even do what they are assigned to do; they will just do anything that will give them attention and make them look good towards the boss. They will also make others look bad, directly blame others for mistakes, so they will never be penalized.
180	high	The situation was like a early 2000’s Black Friday, it was a warzone. My coworkers wanted to win so badly while i was just okay at going at my own pace.
181	low	One of our systems went down near the end of day. We had to group together to figure out how to deliver our files to the client in a timely manner. I shared knowledge of an older system we used to use and we were able to dilver the files successfully.
182	low	The people I was working with were acting very corporative and nice. We all worked together to solve issues and come up with ideas to finish the group project.
183	low	I was leading a workgroup that had various constituents across the organization. The workgroup was focused on developing a process to ensure that facilities and spaces were prepared efficiently prior to the start of specific operations within the organization to ensure that employees were supported in the work they do. The members worked together and sacrificed to ensure improvements were made.
184	high	It was time for quarterly math testing. Data from the assessments are shared district wide so everyone has access and will know if your student did well or not. It is also very important for each teacher to meet or exceed the district pass rate and no one wants to be at the “bottom”. Teachers were using test materials to prepare students by only changing numbers. They were giving reviews immediately before test taking. They weren’t sharing resources. They were turning a blind eye to students using generative AI to answere questions.
185	high	We had a work event earlier this year that included various exercises including team and individual competitions. One event was to build the tallest and most sturdy structure out of common craft items. We had to answer trivia questions as well as go on scavenger hunts to receive additional items for our builds. Even though this was a casual and fun event everyone was highly competitive in the tasks not only to be the winner but also to claim a nice prize. This event really drew out the competitive nature in my coworkers to a point I have not seen before.
186	low	I would be in a cooperative mood and would be getting along with others in a collaborative mood and would be getting along with others in a collaborative effort toward some shared objective.
187	high	Recently at work I had to build a dashboard for a project. Each person on our team was asked to build one and the best one would be selected.
188	high	People were trying to get their position heard and validated in a meeting. I had strong feelings for my own opinion on how we should proceed with the upcoming project.
189	low	I had to work on a group project as part of a graduate-level course. We were tasked with conducting interviews together in the community and reporting on the findings. I worked alongside my classmates to schedule, conduct, and analyze the results.
190	high	This happened at my workplace, it was a team project. In this project, everyone was scrambling to outdo one another, each person focuses on securing their own success rather than collaborating. One team member was quick to answering questions and positioned them self as the key contributor, taking credit for tasks and delegating tasks in a way that highlighted their own role. As a result, the rest of us started to mirror this act and spoke over one another and claiming ownership of certain parts of the project. The dynamic shifted from cooperation to competition very fast with people focusing on their own worth at the expense of fairness.
191	low	We recently had a service outage on a customer facing website. I made team members aware of the issue and the development coordinator began a call so that we could start collaborating quickly and easily. Once on the call, as I worked to identify immediate customer impacts and correct them, the development coordinator and one of the other engineers began researching the cause and how to identify other affected customers. We were able to easily identify the areas of expertise and allowed each member to bring up information to the whole. This allowed a quicker response time and correction of the issue than had been experienced in earlier outages.
192	high	I was playing a video game where it was every man for themselves. Players acted selfishly by eliminating others as soon as they got the chance to steal the items they possessed.
193	low	My colleagues and I decided to include some indian pieces that weren’t being displayed in the cave where I work. We collaborated to pick the best pieces and decided where to place them. It was a departure from our regular duties. And fun.
194	low	People slightly calm. The situation indicates that something is happening
195	high	We were a 5 people at work. Our meetup launched a voluntary ’one month get in shape running and/or walking, it didn’t have to be both. Needed to be in groups of at least 3. However we were recorded individually. We had to record and report our miles walking and/or miles running. I was super excited to signup! The response was overwhelming! 5 of us got together. The prize for top 10 were t-shirts. Not really a big deal but I LOVE T-SHIRTS! I do whole runs for just the t-shirt! So, we met daily and did a 5k. I was also walking 40min everyday and checked the tallies every night. I felt pretty much like I was going to get a t-shirt and our group was probably going to get t-shirts. We took this serious.
196	low	Our team at AUTOMooVE worked highly during the logistics tender evaluation as everyone shared and analyzed the proposals as a group. Their faith in one another’s abilities, whether directed towards cost effectiveness or environmental assessment, guaranteed a holistic approach to the situation.
197	high	A co-worker and I were both working on quoting camera systems. We were competing against each other trying to pick the best camera placements while keeping the price down. We were inflating each other’s camera counts. It was more of a race than anything.
198	high	There was a time when myself and a colleague were both conducting a set of experiments to hopefully optimize a commonly used process at our work. We were trying very hard to ensure each of our own experiments produced the desired results.
199	high	I once attended/took part in a tennis match with my friends, it was really fierce as everyone wanted to win. There were moments of planned deception, smash, analyzing weaknesses and exploiting opportunities. Tensions were high while the game remained fair, trust was limited, as each winning points mattered more that the friendship in that moment.
200	high	I was playing a basketball game and while it was just for fun I did want to win. I played harder and more aggressive than others to try to get the ball so I could score and help my team overcome. I spend more effort being more competitive but it made it more fun playing with some fire to push my competitive level higher.
201	high	In this situation, I was playing an economic game with others. Each person had the goal to acquire resources and each used their own tactics in order to accomplish their goal.
202	low	A situation where I was feeling very cooperative at work was when we were restructuring how certain jobs are inputted into our system. There was a team of us working together to make sure that the system flowed well from start to finish. A few people were very put off and standoffish about the new method but once other people started doing it and the feedback was great they came around. Everyone on the team was working their hardest and communicating to get this done as quick and easily as possible. They were all very motivated which influenced me to be as well
203	low	I had to collaborate with a front-end UI developer to clean up a lot of pages that I and my team use so I spent a good deal of time talking with him and scoping out possible improvements. We were both professional and were focused on getting the project scoped out. He was eager to suggest his ideas and improvements, and I found them actually useful also, so I was happy to listen to his recommendations. My suggestions were also received well, and he was able to translate it into flows that made sense. Overall, both of us were in a collaborative mood.
204	low	There was a time where I was working for an Edible Arrangements and we had Valentine’s Day comin up, our busiest time of the year. Our store of only 20 people had to bring in extra temporary help to help with the orders. I was a delivery driver and was in charge of coordinating the delivery routes. If someone had an issue, I was able to solve it quickly. Everyone was very cooperative and the temp help appreciated us. The store owner bought pizzas for everyone and made sure everyone was satisfied. Our entire store pulled together to get everything delivered on-time and it was a success.
205	high	Last month, we had an incentive competition at my job. Who ever sold the most devices, would be rewarded $500. I really needed the $500, so I locked in. All my coworkers were also locked in. However, there were some coworkers who we blatantly lying to customers to get the sales. I noticed this and kept it to myself for a while. Then, it came to the half-way mark of the competition and these unethical coworkers were at the top of the leaderboard. This made me frustrated because I was beneath them because I was honest with my selling. I really needed the $500, so I started lying as well. I ended becoming first place and winning the $500. Everyone was shocked I had jumped that high in the leaderboard but I was not. If others can cheat, so can I.

Reflection

Now, imagine those kinds of [competitive/cooperative] attitudes and behaviors as describing a whole workplace culture. Imagine people in a department or work group thinking and acting in that [competitive/cooperative] way. Imagine there is no way for you to change this culture … you just have to operate within it.

If you were a manager in that kind of workplace, with that [competitive/cooperative] culture, what kind of interpersonal behavior do you think would be effective? How should you act towards people?

PID	cond	desc_reflection
3	low	I think it would be good. You should treat others with kindness and respect and cooperation, which would be abundant.
4	low	I would act towards them the way I want them to act towards me, kind and understanding.
5	high	If I had to manage a competitive culture, I would be respectful, direct, and very clear with my expectations and requests to people
6	high	I would try to highlight each person and recognize them individually as often as I could, and do so without throwing someone else under the bus and try to equally recognize people so that everyone’s efforts are rewarded and people don’t get too cutthroat.
7	high	I think maybe adding some type of incentive, like extra paid time off for people who meet their objectives. Some type of positive reinforcement rather than negative.
8	high	Recognition is always nice for the people that are truly invested and working hard to rise to the top. You can’t forget about the people in the the middle either though either. You have to understand that some people giving you their minimal effort is certain good enough to get the job done and should also be recognized on occasion.
9	high	I should act reasonably civil but still compete for my own advantage. I would help those that would help me in the future.
10	low	To be friendly and helpful. Ask if help is needed and assist when you can.
11	low	I would encourage my employees to continue acting in a cooperative manner. Cooperative cultures are conducive to productivity and good for morale.
12	high	I would act equal towards all, showing no favoritism to anyone but treating them all the same. I would try to squash the crazy competitiveness and make sure everyone understood the business benefits when we all work hard together. We should want the business to prosper because that allows all of us to keep our jobs.
13	high	You want to act confidently and give the others motivation to be competitive and use the competitiveness to further the strength of the company
15	low	i think preaching patience would be helpful, it is just a matter of time until everyone is on the same page.
17	high	If I were a manager, I would try to break down this competitive culture and remind people that we are a team because this can lead to a toxic workplace. I will encourage the motivation people have, but remind them that their coworkers are not there to compete.
18	high	I believe that you should always act kind to everyone, but in a situation where everyone is competitive, as a manager, I would have to pull everyone aside and warn them. Working as a team is the only way to go.
19	low	You can let emotion get the best of you in these situations. You have to be unbiased and see both sides of the story. Its not about winning or losing and we are on the same team so we have to work together to achieve our common goal. That is the most important thing. You have to realize everyone is human and treat each person with respect and understanding to make sure there is no hard feelings in the company.
21	low	Treat people as I wish to be treated, with kindness and respect.
22	high	I would treat everyone with kindness, yet stay firm and not plau favorites.
23	low	I think a workplace with a cooperative culture would be very effective! It makes people happy to show up and contribute. They feel valued and like their contributions matter. I think it helps interpersonal relationships also because everybody feels included. If I was in a workplace like that (and lucky I actually am!) I would act collaboratively, ask my teammates for their suggestions, and not talk badly about people behind their back. It’s important to make everybody feel like a valuable part of the office and gossiping can destroy people’s trust and work ethic.
24	high	As a manager I would try to get a list of all top design jobs and distribute them fairly and evenly. Knowing that some may have to wait longer for the good projects.
25	low	If I was a manager in a cooperative culture, I would be proactive and take an interest in others. I would be willing to help others when needed as well as get to know others that I work with to better learn their skills and weaknesses. In addition, in this culture I would be open to other perspectives, as well as willing to compromise and change my decisions.
26	low	I think you would need to have a collaborative personality. Someone who is open to hearing new ideas and implementing them for the better of the group. Someone who is patient and can work as a team.
27	high	I would imagine semi-warm. I would be open and fair, but keep all personal things for me and employees on a strictly professional level at all times.
28	low	I should feel grateful, above all. My people are working together as a group with committment and interaccountability. My job should be to have meetings, keep the coffee pot stocked, and buy some pizzas!
30	high	I think sharing that everyone gets the work done together and reminding people that it is okay to share work responsibilities
31	high	If everyone I worked with acted competitive in a negative manner I would end up quitting. If it was a team effort and we all benefited and worked together then we would love it.
32	high	First if there was truly ‘no way to change the culture’ I would quit and not work there. But if I had no choice I would continue to encourage team work to the best of my ability by showcasing the benefits and better results for everybody. My actions toward people would be polite but pointed and probably not stray into the personal.
33	low	I would feel that it is beneficial to help grow these interpersonal relationships. A good cooperative group can often develop deep friendship bonds when they mesh so well together to help complete tasks. I think it would be best to help foster a more relaxed environment at work, so that people can talk and keep a more casual attitude, while still working together to complete jobs.
34	high	I think that there can be a healthy level of competition that can bring out the best in people, but you have to be very cautious, especially as a manager, to make sure that you do not encourage it to the point where they could be sabatoging others or not following proper procedures. Most of the time this means you would have to adjust your behavior and communication on a person by person level. Some may need a bit more “cheerleader” and permission to be a bit more aggressive. Others may need more of a strict leader that is continuously reminding them to make sure they are following all policies and that they are being monitored just to make sure they don’t go too far.
35	low	I think you act as professionally as possible. Just because I can count on everyone to do their job and get the work done, I still have to complete my piece. I can’t get overly involved in helping or taking on more than I’ve been asked. Professional distance between my roles and others would be emphasized. But I will act as a friendly, personable team mate.
36	high	An effective means to correct this behavior is constant teamwork. As a manager, forcing the team to work together and rely on each other brings them together in a time when they normally wouldn’t be. I would act very friendly with all employees and treat everyone equally so no need for competitiveness comes out.
37	low	Having worked in an environment like this, I found it best to be open and friendly with others on my team. We were able to respectfully disagree with each other so long as we had valid explanations for doing so. Overall, everyone I worked with was really great and I loved working in such a collaborative environment.
39	high	Focusing on maximizing productivity would likely be the best way to encourage this type of work culture. Not leaving room for idle chatter, down time, or for people to get too friendly would allow more time to focus strictly on metrics, since each individual’s performance is important.
40	low	If i were a manager in that kind of workplace, I would treat everyone equally.
41	low	Open and willing to have discussions. I would love to be in a workplace like this.
42	low	Encourage people to breakdown barriers and work together as a team for the greater good. The team effort will come together and create a unity that makes everyone feel needed.
43	low	I would make sure everyone felt appreciated and would consistently thank them for the time and effort they put in. I would also be specific with what tasks I needed and how they would be done to minimize confusion
44	high	Previously working in sales, there was always competition to be the highest producer for incentive purposes. If I was a manager in this kind of environment I would always want to be encouraging and promote friendly competition. Celebrating each others’ successes would be very important. I would always try and act in a positive manner to promote successful competition.
45	low	Attributes such as kindness and respect are paramount. Communication style is also very important, the ability to communicate directly and respectful will change the direction of the conversation and effectiveness of the project.
46	low	I think the biggest thing is having respect for each other, and being willing to pick up the other end. If everybody is supposed to be cooperative, you can’t pass the buck and expect someone else to pick up your slack and that the workplace would continue to be effective.
47	low	In a cooperative culture, I would focus on clear,empathic communication. I’d actively listen,give honest feedback, and be transparent about goals and challenges.by celebrating successes and encouraging open dialogue, I would foster trait and mutual respect ensuring every team member feels valued and heard
48	high	I think I would try to be understanding and maybe have a conversation within the department to get some lighter vibes.
49	high	Be clear, consistent, fair. Channel competition into productive goals. Stay neutral, reward merit, and avoid playing favorites.
50	high	I think I would act incredibly kind and generous with my employees knowing the stress they were under. I also think I would act transparently to ensure they knew where their effort would be rewarded vs what tasks they could autopilot on.
51	low	I think it would be beneficial to be friendly and open minded. I’d want my employees to see that I’m flexible and open to their ideas.
52	high	Stay sharp but strategic. Recognize top performers but don’t play favorites. Be direct, set clear expectations, and reward results. Build trust quietly, stay neutral in conflicts, and never show weakness.
53	low	Empower, collaborate, recognize team success, communicate openly, mentor, lead by example, dialogue for conflict, shared vision.
54	high	I would praise people on their strengths and coach them on their weaknesses. I would also make a competitive environment where hard work will have rewards and be on their reviews.
55	high	I would think minimal interpersonal behavior would be best. OR, I would try to befriend everyone and work together.
57	high	As the manager I would want to change that behavior. I think that this competitive environment is not productive at all.
58	low	It’s incredibly important to work collaboratively as it allows everyone to express their own opinions and we often solve issues this way.
59	low	Honestly, I think in that environment a manager would simply need to communicate the intent of the project and let the team go to work. Then verify that the results are in line with expectations.
60	high	I would let them know the expectations and be relatively hands off. If everyone knows the rules and what’s expected, guiding them through it might create an unfair advantage.
61	high	I think communication would be the ideal skill to use. We value as a society finding out reasons something is happening.
62	high	I think I should treat each person fairly and listen to their concerns about others. Although I would listed to their complaints I would not take them seriously because I think they would be using it to get ahead.
63	low	I think that having daily meetings with immediate team members would be helpful so that everyone is up to speed with what each team member is doing; if everyone is so collaborative, there’s bound to be moments where one staff member steps on the toes of another.
64	low	if i were a manager, i think the best thing to do would be to stay honest, fair, and approachable. I would make sure to listen to peoples ideas and give credit where its due. I would try to be clear about what needs to get done but also be flexible and open to suggestions. Being supportive, trusting the team and showing appreciation would probably go a long way in a place like that.
65	high	I think being calmer, stern but still soft would be helpful, as people are very stressed
66	low	Communicating and being jovial with my employees would be the best way to cultivate that culture. I would want to make sure that I was reliable and that everyone felt able to contribute to the best of their ability.
68	low	Recognizing and publicly calling out cooperative behaviors. Include group/company successes in performance evaluations, not just individual achievements. Listen to and respect input regardless of who makes it. Give everyone a chance to speak and contribute.
69	low	there will be a need to have general meetings in order to address different situations and also talk about ways in which one can change just in order to aid co-operation
70	low	Encourage transparent communication, enable team empowerment, and recognize achievements.
71	low	You have to be receptive to people’s opinions and expertise, while being firm and clear about the final direction of the project.
72	low	I believe listening to your people is extremely important. I would also want to encourage collaboration as it would help facilitate pen dialogue and teamwork.
73	low	We would be cordial with each other, ask if the other needed assistance or back up on projects. Would thank each other for bringing problems to ones attention. No snide remarks happen during meetings because we work together and realise this is work and not social hour
74	low	I would try to help the best way asking people what would make them comfortable
75	low	Turn things around and put yourself in the other position. It becomes easy that way!
76	high	I think holding more relaxation and team bonding activities throughout the month would lead to less tension within the workplace, especially if it is such a competitive work environment. Workplaces like this can lead to burnout, which in turn lead to less productivity.
77	low	I would act in a kind and compassionate manner. When people feel valued and cared about, they work much better.
78	high	I would embrace the competitive culture and have contests and events highlighting this culture. I would use this to make the firm more profitable and gain market share. I would not fight the situation.
79	low	If I were a manager, I would treat others with honesty, kindness, and respect. If everyone is already cooperating and working together, there’s no need to micromanage or interrupt their flow.
80	high	I would likely want to look for new work, as I am concerned there would be little trust and authenticity from people, even if efforts were strong and advanced the organization’s mission and goals. There should be some level of transparency and principles that all should expect, and not a “don’t trust anyone” mentality within.
81	low	Always looking for opinions and ideas of others would help to promote a cooperative culture. Encouraging people to speak up would be a good idea.
82	low	I think that open-mindedness is extremely important in a cooperative culture. Additionally, assuming positive intent from others is important when working in a cooperative environment. You should act with a open mind when dealing with others, so that you can see where they are coming from and hopefully be open to new ideas.
83	high	i would be calm and reassuring. i think people working in such a highly intense environment would need someone to give them encouragement and support
84	low	It would be important to layout clear objectives and expectations right from the beginning. This way, not only would people feel accountable to management, they would feel accountable to their co-workers.
85	low	I think it is good to be cooperative and act accordingly. At the same time, one should not just adhere wo groupthink. Rather they should be open minded and be able to think outside the box. This is how changes are often made. While doing so, people need to remain professional and ethical. Unfortunately, that is not always the case as many people were not educated on what is acceptable in the workplace.
86	high	You should be selective of who you choose to associate with and how much you choose to share with them
87	high	It is important to continue to remind your employees that it is just a friendly competition. Reminding employees that everyone is human and there is no need to be mean or judgemental.
88	high	If I were a manager in that king of workplace, I think that I would encourage cooperation and compromise. Having two people work on the same job when just one person is entirely capable seems pointless. I think you should compromise and offer to take something off someone’s plate, but nothing more if they refuse.
89	high	My partner actually gave me some great advice. Everyone in the city could be opening a similar venue. But they’re not our competition. We need to focus within and keep our clients happy, and that will spread better than focusing on the outside and dismissing the focus on my business.
90	low	I would act more friendly, it would brighten my spirits. Seeing others happy would allow me to be more passionate about my job and those around me. This would create a stronger bond between myself and the rest of the organization.
91	low	I should act friendly and warm towards others to build strong relationships and foster cooperation
92	low	I would build good inter-personal relationship and make everyone have an existing relationship after work.
93	low	If I was a manager in a cooperative culture, I would act kindly and with less reserve towards my cooworkers. Currently my coworker are not very cooperative and are in fact trying to undercut our efforts and impede our progress.
94	high	I think as a manager, you’d want to remain friendly with most members since you would have many employees working under you and conceivably many of them would want your job. But I think I would keep track of others’ interpersonal relationships more in this scenario. Always trying to get a measure of who someone is in the eyes of everyone in the office.
95	low	I would act in a way that’s able to show my employees that everyone is important and has a role to play
96	low	I think praising your employees for their awesome ability to work together to complete tasks would be helpful. Really be able to show that gratitude to others and if they feel important it really keeps them not only working together but also happy and appreciated and really loving their job.
97	high	That’s the problem with competitive workplaces. You can’t work in that sort of environment. The culture of “beating the other guy” becomes all-consuming which ruins cooperation and leads to escalation of interpersonal tensions. That kind of workplace will lead to high turnover and low morale. My answer is I could not function in that sort of envrionment on a daily basis.
98	low	I think that it would be a lot more personable. This also means that people would generallly act more warm toward me.
99	high	If I was a manager in a highly competitive field I think transparency would be the best way to manage my employees. Clearly state what I’m looking for in different positions and regularly update employees on where they stand with performance. Finally I would go above and beyond to be fair in everything I could offer and in dealing with conflicts between employees
100	low	I would try to maintain the cooperative culture by also leading by example and coopering with the members of the team. I would fill in spots when needed to ensure everyone is cooperating as well as myself.
101	low	Being kind, valuing and respecting each person’s contribution will really be effective. And it will also foster continued cooperation.
102	high	I would find another job putting your hands on people is never okay and working in an environment like that wouldn’t be good for your mental health either.
103	low	As a manager, I would promote trust, open communication and teamwork leading with empathy and fairness.
104	high	I think acting kind of like a “coach.” Motivating the team to do better and giving incentives when they do and some sort of punishment if they dont. I would also have rewards for higher performers such as bonuses, vacation days, and awards/recongnition.
105	low	I think it would be most effective to be kind towards people. Get to know them on a professional level and gain a common respect.
106	low	The behavior of always being available and willing to lend a helping hand to someone that is in need. I would act generously and would always try to help those in need out.
107	low	As the manager, I would approach situations with a teamwork mindset. Since the culture is very cooperative, the department is more likely to be team players and value family.
108	high	I feel like that’s a very tough place to be a manager in. You need to support all the employees but of course have to give certain treatment to those that are successful as that is the culture. I feel like in order to be successful there needs to be a tier system where you can have those that go above and beyond competing against each other, while those that are either new or struggling can compete against each other and have a chance. Compared to the top dogs just dominating all the new hires or people struggling and you have a high turnover rate.
109	low	Empathy and putting aside one’s own feelings would be important. Having a commo goal clearly defined and communicated would be important to get everyone on the same page and help them work together.
110	low	i ought to act nice even though it was not easy
111	high	Managing this type of enviorment is difficult. Competition can be a good thing, but a manager needs to be sure it doesn’t escalate too far. I would have weekly one-on-ones to ensure everyone still feel respected. I would act caring to all my staff.
112	low	I would try to keep an open mind on projects and foster a cooperative culture. I would also try to treat everyone with dignity and respect.
113	low	I would love to be a manager in a place where everyone acts like my colleague – respectful, collaborative, never competitive. I think I would be much more likely to green-light large projects that involve many people serving many roles and require people working well together to complete. I would also be more likely, as a manager, to allow people flexibility in terms of working from home or not because the culture would be strong either way. I would also be able to focus exclusively on the work itself rather than both the work and also interpersonal dynamics.
114	high	If I was a manager here, I would be appreciative of people being engaged and more willing to compete. I would accommodate these work styles and approve of it.
115	high	I would strive for teamwork and encourage others to do so. I feel like there could be some incentive put in place for good teamwork and those who are team players. I would make sure that I go out of my way to help others and really push towards setting a good example for my employees.
116	low	foster trust, empathy and open communication with everyone
117	low	I would think that in that type of cooperative culture I’d try to foster a psychologically safe environment where my subordinates feel as if dialog is a two way street and that their ideas are welcome - even if they are of a dissenting nature.
118	high	I think encouraging everyone to be cooperative and do their part. Possibly despite being competitive everyone still showing care to each other.
119	high	I would be competitive in different ways like make it about the tasks at work so that is defuses some of the tension when someone fails or doesnt meet standards.
120	high	I think I would try to reduce the competitiveness rather than encourage it. I would say things like there aren’t winners and losers - everyone who participates is a winner and we just ask you to try your best.
121	high	I wouldn’t act any kind of way. Just want everyone to do their best
122	low	As a leader, I would listen to the staff and assess the situation accordingly. I would honestly consider whether the expected workload is reasonable and I would do some of the tedious work myself so that the team sees I’m a team player too.
123	high	be fair but firm push smart competition, stay sharp and build alliances when possible
124	low	One of the biggest parts of cooperation is being able to communicate with the right people, so there is a mix of social skills as well as ability to recall who is a subject matter expert.
125	high	I would try to encourage more cooperation. I would make team or joint goals, instead of just individual ones. This helps people work together more readily.
126	high	I would act more like a coach then a manager. You want the team to work together, but you can also coach the individual to be a better performer on their own right as well.
128	high	I would, first, hate to be in a workplace with that type of culture. It would make the employees feel like they are competing against each other and not building the company up.
129	low	Be there to support the staff. Communicate in a positive manner.
130	high	Firstly, as a manager I wouldn’t foster such fierce competition among team members. I would rather section the proposal and delegate each section to each person. After the work has been done, I will review and possibly ask for compilation. Doing this will encourage collaboration which will promote interpersonal behavior. I should treat people the way I want to be treated.
131	low	I would think that highlighting team results, team effort and encouraging a mentality where everyone looks out for each other would work best.
132	low	I would make sure that I’m there to help my team out in whatever way possible. I would make myself available to them at work and be sure that they know my door is always open.
133	high	I will tell all of my workers to start embracing the power of team work so everyone will be happy and satisfied by the end of the day
134	low	In a culture like that, it’s almost natural to act in a way that shows excitement and hope, enthusiasm for generating ideas and implementing them, and happy to be surrounded by like-minded people.
135	high	I think that also depends on the type of work you are in. Sales or collections or anything that effects the money you bring home then I would have to be rooting everyone on to do their best but not show favoritism.
136	high	I think that you have to be very cutthroat and rigid to manage an environment such as this. Personal relationships would be very surface level.
137	high	I would probably act more hostile with others than understanding since I would be basically working behind others backs to get what I want, in no regards to how they make succeed. But if others are doing that behavior, I think it would be appropriate to act in such a wait to get noticed in the work place.
138	high	There would be a goal for everybody to fulfill alone. Each person must reach a particular goal before the end of a month or quarter.
139	high	It would encourage everyone to be competitive. That would make people work harder.
140	low	A willingness to share duties and focus on the company/team performance and not your own. I would push people to focus on team goals rather than their own while pushing them to also grow as a professional.
141	high	In that type of competitive culture as a manager I think it would be most effective to act in a communicative way and remind everyone that the culture is to work together and not act in a competetive nature.
142	low	it would be effective to also be cooperative as a manager. i don’t think it would be helpful to be authoritarian but rather more like a mentor who others could go to for more expertise and structure
143	low	If I was a manager in a cooperative workplace, I would have an open door policy. It’s important to approach work with your direct reports and your peers with a hands on mentality, allowing for collaboration throughout your organization chart. Further, as a manager, it would be helpful to serve as a guide, and cooperate with direct reports who are somewhat struggling in their work.
144	high	As fairly and unbiased as possible. To try and help the individuals succeed with projects catered to their strengths, but also stretched them in certain areas of weaknesses in order to get stronger.
145	low	The best way to keep up that cooperative culture would be to offer support when people are struggling with something, and especially to always be willing to explain things when people aren’t completely sure of what they’re doing.
146	low	I think it makes sense to have positive interpersonal behavior while everyone is trying to make things work cohesively; so people treating each other with kindness and patience would be important.
147	low	As a manager, I would be kind and work on supporting our team by saying “we” and “us” rather than just treating everyone as one single person. I would want to show how things people in the team do or don’t do can affect us as a whole so it’s better to all work together for a common goal.
148	high	I would reward and recognize each individual for their contributions no matter who did “the most.” I would have to serve as a neutral ground and try my best to not encourage the competitive nature, only recognize the work that is being done and provide support to my team.
149	high	Allow them to manage their workplace attitudes in a way that doesn’t interfere with their personal lives and relationships with co-workers, but also allows for the organisation to still be the best.
150	low	The golden rule. Treat others as you want to be treated.
151	high	I think that you would have to manage people’s expectations and behaviors. You would have to have some level of compromise and understanding as well as taking turns to who turned out on top. It would be a difficult environment to manage. Everyone would expect to be first all the time.
152	high	I think if the competitive attitude is promoting co-workers getting to know each other as long as it doesn’t disrupt business or cause any issues, I don’t see why there could be a way to encourage.
153	low	I believe the interpersonal behavior that would be most effective is the utilization of active listening skills. It is important that co-workers are able to actively listen to each other, even if their beliefs and/or ideas do not align. Utilizing strong communication skills, as well, can also foster a strong work place dynamic.
154	low	I believe that willing to help in anyway I can and being prompt when a specific situation comes up can be cooperative.
155	low	I should act with kindness and respect. This would be a very good environment to work in. Nobody wants to experience discord and disrespect within their work environments.
156	low	I think I should be vocal, stating my appreciation for how well they work together; and spotlighting all collectively as a group.
157	low	As a manager I would support and treat everyone equally. In most cases this fair treatment resolves issues effectively. But still I would also encourage the team to view work as an opportunity to apply their skills while setting aside any conflicts.
158	high	The best thing you could do in such an environment as manager is work to maintain a kind, caring subculture on your team and seek to be just and equitable in your interactions with all employees.
159	high	I think I would make sure to encourage people who are doing the job well, not just the ones who are competing to be the top. I would try to incentivize quality over quantity in the competition.
160	high	I would be proactive reminding the employees that the competition is solely work productivity related and not to be taken on a personal level just as if we were playing a sport.
162	high	I would give each person their own project to work on solo and not encourage any team work or collaboration. When you have a group of lone wolves like that, you have to adapt. Interpersonal contact would be at a minimum. I would make it clear, I would NOT be listening to any rumors or complaints about others.
163	high	Since I would be the manager, I would try to set expectations and boundaries within the competitive culture. Hopefully forcing people to work within fairness. My interactions towards these people would leave my guarded in a way that I would always be protecting myself in cases where people may try to get my job.
164	high	As a manager in that situation with a primary or sole interest in producing results, I think the most effective kind of interpersonal behavior would be to act more inclusive and friendly towards the employees who produce the best results, largely regardless of how they behave or treat other employees.
165	high	I think I would still be social but overall I would keep to myself more to focus on giving good quality work. I wouldn’t want others to distract me. I would be friendly but very private.
166	low	I think I would act kind and understanding towards by subordinates to keep the culture going.
167	low	I think open communication would be helpful in this cooperative culture. it would be important to ensure that no one person is taking on too much of the load just for sakes of being cooperative. it would be important as a manager to make sure everyone feels supported and not overworked.
168	low	I would let them work on their terms, to ensure high productivity.
169	low	I think in this culture/environment, it is important to foster a friendly and personable behavior, because cooperation is only possible through trust. If everyone is able to get along and understand we’re all working towards the same goal, then I am confident that everyone here would know what tasks must be completed and do it, without waiting for further direction. This in my opinion encourages proactivity. As such, I would want to act as friendly as possible, even doing things like cracking jokes, sharing laughs, and just generally being sociable.
170	high	i would let things workout the way they are. i want the the cream to rise to the top and for the weak to leave. i only want the strong to survive. as the strong survives, the group will be better off and we will meet any goals or achievements easily.
171	low	For this kind of culture a manager should encourage people to work together and make rewards for groups instead of individuals. For example, a bonus could be given to everyone in a group that finished a task.
172	low	In that sort of culture I would be open an transparent with my employees. I would seek ways to allow them succeed not only in their current position but future positions and in life. I would do this by using the cooperative culture to allow my employees to explore different areas and jobs with in the business.
173	high	I think I would try to encourage cooperation and sharing ideas over competitive nature. I would use friendly competition to encourage productivity but then stress the sharing of ideas.
174	low	Interpersonal behavior to facilitate cooperation would include being friendly and engaged. It would include actively listening to the ideas of others without judgment. It would include asking others for their opinions and showing respect and value for diverse experience and opinions.
175	low	I would just try to be nice to people. I would be helpful as well and try to help out others as well.
176	low	I would advocate for collaborative projects and facilitate team discussions highlighting the importance of every voice. Through organizing team building activities and brainstorming sessions I aim strengthen unity and foster collective problem solving
177	high	If that was the environment, and I couldn’t hope to change it, I would try to make sure the “competition” was as fair as possible. Making sure there was an even playing field would be important for me.
178	high	If i was the manager here they would have been let go already. They have to respect others. People should never try to interfere with others learning.
179	high	I would try to be as fair as I could. I would give equal opportunities to all of my employees and try to give everyone the same level of attention and praise. I will make sure that it doesn’t seem like I favor one employee over the other. Being fair internally in your mind and realizing that in the end everyone is a person who just wants their paycheck at the end of the day makes this easier to manage.
180	high	Making sure that others are incentivized to work more competitively but efficiently.
181	low	I think is would make my job a lot easier. You could just suggest a few ideas to your team and have them run with it.
182	low	If I was a manager in this kind of workplace, I would have to have leadership, communication, and teamwork skills. I would have to be assertive to still make sure people are on task but doing it in a manner where they will still respect me as a manager.
183	low	Self awareness is a vital behavior to be aware of. Understanding the impact that your actions and work have on cross functional departments allows for the opportunity for collaboration and process improvement across the entire organization. We should all act with positive intent towards each other.
184	high	I would not expect anyone to work as a team. I would probably assign tasks in a way that doesn’t require a lot of collaboration. I probably wouldn’t trust what I was hearing people say about themselves or their colleagues.
185	high	I think it would be best to encourage it but, at the same time, remind everyone our end goals are the same and we need to work together to get our work done in a productive way.
186	low	If i were a manager working on a team, i would finish a community project to help with education in the community,like setting up a tutoring program for unprivileged students.There would be different roles for each member of the team,one person would handle logistics another would find resources
187	high	Confident. I think that would be the most important behavior. If they were not confident in that culture they would be walked all over and would not be effective.
188	high	I would have team meetings encouraging team members to recognize other members for something that they have done in the past week. This would help with all members feeling appreciated for their efforts.
189	low	I would make sure to give everyone a voice during discussions. I would work to empower others who may feel they cannot speak up. I would encourage open discussions and dialogues where people have equal voice as opposed to some being above others.
190	high	I would model a behavior that encourages both individual initiative and group cohesion. This would mean being transparent.
191	low	As a manager I would provide leadership by example. I would take on certain tasks, work to delegate, and provide mentoring as needed. Team building exercises such as staff lunches and after-hours get-togethers would help build familiarity and comradeship. Combined, this would instill a supportive and cooperative work culture.
192	high	Having emotional intelligence would be effective in order to prevent yourself from becoming overly emotional over selfish things people may try to do to you. I would act kind but never trust anyone. I wouldn’t let others get close to me knowing that they might use something against me to further themselves.
193	low	A large part of the success would be having the right kind of people that work together well. People who josh around with each other and talk things out. The manager would need to be seen as someone who is willing to work with his team.
194	low	Transparency and collaboration would be effective behaviors. We should act respectful to other people
195	high	Speak in short sentences. No personal information. Ask open questions like: Ask people how they are doing? How are your projects going? Remind people of ethics even in a competitive culture I mean there does need to be a baseline of ethics. I cannot change the culture but I can get folks together for employee meetups. Also, educating people in this culture about being competitive vs. being deceptive. Every game has rules of ethics and expected behavior.
196	low	People-centered cooperation as workplace culture, I would promote trust, open dialogue, and support for interpersonal and team relationships including my own. Listening to my team, accepting their feedback, and communicating decisions are processes I would do to show my concern.
197	high	Trying to keep everyone in line and the utmost importance is the quality of the work and the end-result for the customer.
198	high	I would have to constantly remind the team that they need to remember the big picture, that the good of the group and the success of the team and company is always the end goal. It is ok to set personal goals, but not at the expense of everyone else in the group.
199	high	I would maintain a strong but fair leadership approach. I would recognize individual achievements to keep employees motivated while ensuring a clear performance expectation so no one feels unfairly treated.
200	high	I would encourage people to fight to succeed. I’d leverage the competitive spirit to improve productivity and output. It could be also used to promote team work as the hardest working team could get a bonus for the quarter
201	high	In the described environment, the culture should be used as a positive. Instructions should be geared as aligning with the competitive culture in order to produce the best results.
202	low	With that sort of cooperative culture I feel that a friendly behavior would be appropriate. I would be grateful that everyone is trying their hardest and show my appreciation
203	low	I should be agreeable and accepting of ideas, and should be patient so that people are willing to bring up ideas and propose their own solutions. The focus would be on being open, accepting, but also collaborative, so I should be acting in a nurturing way.
204	low	I think making sure everyone is satisfied and has everything they need to get their tasks completed will be effective. I would act as respectful and cordial as possible towards everyone.
205	high	As a manager, I would offer ethical learning classes, mandate open discussions and reward those who showcase ethical behavior instead of those who are unethical.

Relationship impact

In your opinion, what was the impact of this incident on the employee’s relationship with this manager? (1 = It had a strong negative effect on their relationship with their manager to 7 = It had a strong positive effect on their relationship with their manager)

Compliance impact

In your opinion, to what extent did the employee comply with what the manager was seeking or requesting? (1 = They did not comply at all with what the manager was seeking to 7 = They completely complied with what the manager was seeking)

Own behavior as the manager

In this situation, the manager wanted the employee to do something specific:

[TASK]

If you were a manager in this kind of situation, how likely would you be to act in the way the manager did, as described earlier? (1 = Not at All Likely to 5 = Extremely Likely)

Manipulation check: Competitive Worldview

1. It’s a dog-eat-dog world where you have to be ruthless at times
   
2. Life is not governed by the “survival of the fittest.” We should let compassion and moral laws be our guide [R]
   
3. There is really no such thing as “right” and “wrong.” It all boils down to what you can get away with
   
4. One of the most useful skills a person should develop is how to look someone straight in the eye and lie convincingly
   
5. It is better to be loved than to be feared [R]
   
6. My knowledge and experience tell me that the social world we live in is basically a competitive “jungle” in which the fittest survive and succeed, in which power, wealth, and winning are everything, and might is right
   
7. Do unto others as you would have them do unto you, and never do anything unfair to someone else [R]
   
8. Basically people are objects to be quietly and coolly manipulated for one’s own benefit
   
9. Honesty is the best policy in all cases [R]
   
10. One should give others the benefit of the doubt. Most people are trustworthy if you have faith in them [R]

Cronbach’s alpha = 0.75

Descriptive norm

To what extent do you think this manager’s behavior is typical of how most managers behave? (1 = Mostly non-typical to 7 = Mostly typical)

Prescriptive norm

To what extent do you think managers should behave this way? (1 = I strongly believe they should NOT behave this way to 7 = I strongly believe they should behave this way)

Dominance

How dominant was the manager’s behavior? (1 = Not at all dominant to 7 = Extremely dominant)

Analysis

Relationship impact

t-test

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	94	1.840426	1.157520
low	100	1.730000	1.285938

t(191.65) = 0.63, p = 0.53, Lower CI = -0.24, Upper CI = 0.46, d = 0.09.

Random effects model

(#tab:unnamed-chunk-22)

Term	\(\hat{\beta}\)	95% CI	\(t\)	\(\mathit{df}\)	\(p\)
Intercept	1.75	[1.42, 2.08]	10.35	34.58	< .001
Cond num	0.05	[-0.26, 0.37]	0.34	180.32	.735

Compliance impact

t-test

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	94	4.021277	1.928723
low	100	4.110000	2.136243

t(191.69) = -0.3, p = 0.761, Lower CI = -0.66, Upper CI = 0.49, d = -0.04.

Random effects model

(#tab:unnamed-chunk-26)

Term	\(\hat{\beta}\)	95% CI	\(t\)	\(\mathit{df}\)	\(p\)
Intercept	4.07	[3.54, 4.60]	15.03	36.38	< .001
Cond num	0.00	[-0.54, 0.53]	-0.01	181.78	.993

Own behavior as the manager

t-test

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	94	1.712766	1.1323431
low	100	1.450000	0.8689364

t(174.29) = 1.81, p = 0.073, Lower CI = -0.02, Upper CI = 0.55, d = 0.27.

Random effects model

(#tab:unnamed-chunk-30)

Term	\(\hat{\beta}\)	95% CI	\(t\)	\(\mathit{df}\)	\(p\)
Intercept	1.48	[1.19, 1.77]	10.00	31.32	< .001
Cond num	0.19	[-0.05, 0.44]	1.56	178.01	.121

Manipulation check: CWV

t-test

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	94	2.630851	0.7136197
low	100	2.688000	0.7985188

t(191.52) = -0.53, p = 0.599, Lower CI = -0.27, Upper CI = 0.16, d = -0.08.

Random effects model

(#tab:unnamed-chunk-34)

Term	\(\hat{\beta}\)	95% CI	\(t\)	\(\mathit{df}\)	\(p\)
Intercept	2.69	[2.54, 2.84]	35.43	192	< .001
Cond num	-0.06	[-0.27, 0.16]	-0.52	192	.601

Descriptive norm

t-test

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	94	4.542553	1.542689
low	100	4.050000	1.635311

t(192) = 2.16, p = 0.032, Lower CI = 0.04, Upper CI = 0.94, d = 0.31.

Random effects model

(#tab:unnamed-chunk-38)

Term	\(\hat{\beta}\)	95% CI	\(t\)	\(\mathit{df}\)	\(p\)
Intercept	4.10	[3.74, 4.47]	22.14	44.05	< .001
Cond num	0.39	[-0.05, 0.83]	1.72	187.39	.086

Prescriptive norm

t-test

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	94	2.095745	1.659571
low	100	1.630000	1.203152

t(168.87) = 2.23, p = 0.027, Lower CI = 0.05, Upper CI = 0.88, d = 0.34.

Random effects model

(#tab:unnamed-chunk-42)

Term	\(\hat{\beta}\)	95% CI	\(t\)	\(\mathit{df}\)	\(p\)
Intercept	1.63	[1.27, 1.99]	8.84	39.82	< .001
Cond num	0.46	[0.08, 0.84]	2.35	183.68	.020

Dominance

t-test

cond	N	Mean	SD
high	94	3.957447	1.0044513
low	100	4.140000	0.9103224

t(187.21) = -1.32, p = 0.187, Lower CI = -0.45, Upper CI = 0.09, d = -0.19.

Random effects model

(#tab:unnamed-chunk-46)

Term	\(\hat{\beta}\)	95% CI	\(t\)	\(\mathit{df}\)	\(p\)
Intercept	4.11	[3.90, 4.33]	37.53	46.70	< .001
Cond num	-0.12	[-0.39, 0.14]	-0.91	188.34	.366

Mediation model 1: Relationship expectancies

a = 0.11 (p = 0.531)
b = 0.36 (p = 0)
direct = 0.26 (p = 0.07)
indirect = 0.22 (p = 0.089)

Mediation model 2: Compliance expectancies

a = -0.09 (p = 0.762)
b = 0.06 (p = 0.101)
direct = 0.26 (p = 0.07)
indirect = 0.27 (p = 0.064)

Correlations

correlations: Full sample

df_recd_elg %>%
  dplyr::select(impact_rel:dominance) %>%
  corPlot(upper = TRUE,stars = TRUE,xsrt = 270)

correlations: High CWV condition

df_recd_elg %>%
  filter(cond == "high") %>% 
  dplyr::select(impact_rel:dominance) %>%
  corPlot(upper = TRUE,stars = TRUE,xsrt = 270)

correlations: Low CWV condition

df_recd_elg %>%
  filter(cond == "low") %>% 
  dplyr::select(impact_rel:dominance) %>%
  corPlot(upper = TRUE,stars = TRUE,xsrt = 270)

Broken by description

See descriptions here:

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'og_pid'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.

og_pid	n	dominance	desc_text
7	9	3.44	I work as an Ecommerce Specialist for a Fabric company that is expanding their virtual presence. As such, I make many nuance and minor decisions about the visual layout as well as the descriptions and images used for items/listings. All of these add up to a much bigger picture to increase sales and revenue. My manager was trying to get me to use hand-made and uploaded images for each listing, versus finding the manufacturing made or other second hand made images. This would be far more time consuming and would hurt our ability to streamline. The manager basically demanded that I did so, and told me that it was an order, and that they will hire someone to produce those images and provide them too me. They weren’t too loud, but they were forceful.
9	9	3.89	I was up for a promotion at work, and for context should add I was also 34 weeks pregnant. We were working to debut a product our engineering team had been working on. My manager was trying to get me to fly cross country to present our product to the board. They didn’t ask if I wanted to go, and they knew I wasn’t allowed to fly because of my pregnancy and said if I involved HR I would be sorry.
10	9	4.67	I work at a school, and I work with my supervisor in the Spring to coordinate testing. Well, my elderly Mom had a doctors appointment for one of those days, and I asked for it off to be with her, thinking that she would be ok on her own for one day. She flew into a rage and yelled at me so much that spit got on my face. She intimidated me into not taking that day off and to reschedule Mom’s appointment.
12	9	4.22	This happened with a former boss who I never have liked. I am a worker at a retirement home and for some reason there is a chair in a person’s bathroom which I sit sometimes to take a short break. My boss saw me one time, marched me to her office and had a chat with me. I said very little and got out of there as soon as I could.
13	9	3.22	I work as a librarian, my manager wanted me to spearhead a project for a new children’s exhibit. I was very busy working on other projects for another manager and told her this. I found out they were the ones put in charge of the exhibit and were trying to foist it onto me. She threatened to revoke my already established days off and made it uncomfortable for me to be around her in the workspace.
15	8	4.62	I am a lab manager for a forensics lab. My manager wanted me to have the lab accredited through a national accreditation agency. He ordered me to do an enormous amount of documentation, research, and other work knowing I wouldn’t be compensated for the additional work, and he told me he simply didn’t care how many extra hours I had to put into it. He refused to give me a choice in the matter. He was stern and rude about it.
19	9	4.33	I worked at a small business gift shop owned by a local man. One winter, he was annoyed that sales were low. He told me unless I started to sell more, he wouldn’t reimburse me for my Uber rides home anymore. He thought by threatening me, I would become a better salesperson.
21	8	4.25	I worked at Bath and Body Works. Our manager at the time wanted us to give everyone that walked in a hand massage with the lotion. I don’t like touching random people so I wasn’t doing it. She pulled me to the back and sternly let me know she wasn’t happy with me not doing it.
22	9	4.22	My manager was trying to get me to file paperwork at a court that I knew was not correct. He was very insecure with himself and his role as manager and wanted to show me that he was boss and I had to do what he wanted. Even though I was just a paralegal, I knew the correct information that needed to be included in the court document before it was filed with the court. I brought this point up to my manager and he basically told me I didn’t know what I was talking about and that I just needed to do as he asked. He called me into his office and told me sternly my job was to do his work as he requested. I was very hesitant and didn’t know what to do because I knew if I filed the paperwork as is, it would be rejected by the court.
28	8	4.38	I work in accounting and my supervisor oversees just our sector of accounting, not all of accounting for the whole company. I tend to be more savvy in the accounting software than the rest of my team including my manager. I will find more efficient ways to complete reports or tasks. I will share these findings in my group’s Teams chat. My boss will often speak down to me or try and pinhole my solutions on Teams. She speaks to me like a child and will say things like “did I tell you to find a new way to do this or did I ask you to run the report as we always do?” or “Is there a reason you did xyz when the rest of us are ok with doing abc like I ask?”
29	9	3.89	It was a project which was awarded to him, he couldn’t keep up with the project and then asked for my help in the project completion. While in the process of the getting the project done, my method of getting the work done was different from his and it was getting noticeable. He began asserting dominance stating the project was his and things needs to be done his way and I was only trying to be on the spotlight by using my method.
30	7	4.14	I was working as a cashier at a grocery store. I was tasked with asking customers to donate to a children’s charity. That day, many customers declined to donate. The manager, who was responsible for running the store, called me to the back room and immediately accused me of not doing my job. He used a tone that was accusatory and bossy, stating that I was not asking for donations. He wanted me to obtain more donations so the store could beat others in the competition to raise the most funds.
31	9	3.78	My current manager told me, when I was first hired, that I completed my cleaning of the rooms too slow. She wanted me to go faster, so she reminded me that there were many people that were faster than me and if I kept performing the way I was performing she would let me go. She didn’t act motherly towards me when saying this, it actually came off quite cold.
33	8	4.12	I was working at a commerical bank a couple of years ago, and my acting director, who was my de facto line manager, became very unappy when he found out that I was responding to the CFO regarding an issue that the CFO had emailed me directly about. This led to a very heated argument where he accused me of not respecting hierarchy and authority, and he began yelling and shouting and trowing things around. The confrontation happened in the afterwork hours, which was normal for me at the time. In total the argument lasted about an hour and at the end of it, he demanded my immediate resignation.
37	9	4.33	As a marketing coordinator in a fast-paced marketing and sales agency, I found myself under the leadership of a dominant former manager. she was renowned for her assertiveness and uncompromising drive to achieve results, often pushing her team to their limits in pursuit of excellence. In one memorable instance, my manager was determined to revamp our company’s social media strategy to increase sales, engagement and brand visibility. Her dominant behavior manifested in various ways throughout the process. First, she held a high-pressure meeting where she outlined her vision with unwavering confidence, leaving little room for dissent. Her tone was authoritative, and her body language exuded a sense of control, effectively conveying her expectations to the team. Despite the intensity of her leadership style, there was sense of respect and admiration among the team. We recognized that her dominant behavior stemmed from a genuine place of passion for excellence.
38	8	3.75	There was a job that needed to be attempted the way that the company wanted it to be accomplished by following a set of instructions that were left by the client. The supervisor made sure we worked on teams and watched everyone including myself like an owl because he wanted it done as instructed. The supervisor was very demanding with the job and at times made it unbearable to do our job.
39	8	3.75	Several years back I was working at a gym. There’s usually 3-4 of us at the front desk answering calls, signing people up for membership, giving tours, and answering and general questions/concerns people may have. There’s also generally one person designated to janitorial duty/cleaning at all times. The janitor duty wasn’t mine, but occasionally we did help with cleaning tasks. On this day, no indifferent than other day, I was briefly chatting with a friend at the gym in sight of the front desk. My manger at the time realised this and yelled at me to go clean something. I put an emphasis on yelled because it was definitely not common and primarily due to that fact was talking to a friend. I said okay and continued talking to close the convo. After about a min. or two, he yelled again. So this time, I immediately closed the convo with my friend, kind of looking at each other with a slight grin realising the power trip going on, and of course went to clean up his “demand.”
42	9	4.22	i work as a nurse in a healthcare facility taking care of patient needs is my role.my manager is my nurse in charge and oversees my roles and allocates duties if necessary.He one day asked me to take up my colleague’s duties as i was signing out forcefully without considering my plans and state of fatigue.he didnt give me time to reason out with him.
43	8	3.75	My role is working in disease control for state government and my boss is the program manager. We work in tuberculosis control and treat patients and try to keep the disease from spreading. She also sees patients but works more administratively usually and as a point of contact. I had recently come back from vacation and a few weeks later, my boss said my focus at work seems off in general and wrote a list with a few examples of things she had seen. She told me she is not a micromanager but can be toward me if needed and that if I can’t find something to do, she can always find plenty, that my work quality reflects on her and that I’m not to make her look bad.
44	8	4.88	I worked as a Program Manager for a large customer. My manager was a Director at our company. He invited himself to a customer meeting that had been scheduled in another city. He wanted to review the customer and our operations. My team met him at a hotel before meeting with the customer. The customer environment was business casual, so my team dressed for that. In fact, business casual dress was common for all customer engagements. My manager did not approve. He strongly demanded that the entire team wear formal suits, ties and/or dresses for any and all customer visits. He was verbally abusive about the situation. Next, he noticed that some of the hotel rooms we were staying in during the customer visit were more expensive than others. He demanded that only senior-level employees be allowed to stay in the more expensive rooms, and actually made us change our reservations.
47	9	4.33	I had a manager that was very dominant when I worked in a warehouse. We would take frozen prepared food and load pallets and trucks. He would have us would constantly threaten to let us go if we did not do things fast enough for his liking and would constantly use fear of our job security to get his way right away. He would let go of people or people would quit on the spot because of his behavior. One day at work I had the flu and working the freezer and he was constantly badgering me for being so slow that day. I tried to use a sick day but he refused to let me take sick time saying he we was short staffed. So I was really sick working in a freezer and getting constantly badered by this manager.
51	7	3.71	I work as a delivery driver and one of my responsibility is to see that the vehicle is washed in the evening of the day or after the day’s work. There are few days that I couldn’t take the vehicle to the washing station due to lateness and time factor. This lateness is mainly caused by people in the itinerary department or sometimes delay from customers. Whenever my boss sees the condition of the vehicle the following morning, he verbally attacks me and threatens me with letter of queries. He would insist that I get the vehicle washed myself on the spot. He would always try to absolve the guys in the itinerary of any blame and put all blames on me. He would always insist that the vehicle must always be in pristine condition irrespective of any lateness or lapses from other people.
52	8	3.25	I work as a software test engineer and my manager was trying to make me sign off on the latest module we implemented. There was a lot of pieces to test and I was not given enough time, because the development team did not finish on time. My manager was contacting me multiple times every day if I was finished. He would just repeat the same sentences, he said we really needed to finish the tests and hand it over, otherwise it would be a huge problem with the release. He did not do anything useful other than annoying me.

Relationship impact

Own behavior as the manager