Brexit

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In September 2019, YouGov survey asked 1,639 GB adults the following question:

In hindsight, do you think Britain was right/wrong to vote to leave EU?

• Right to leave
  
• Wrong to leave
  
• Don’t know

The data from the survey are in data/brexit.csv.

brexit <- read_csv("data/brexit.csv")

In the course video we made the following visualisation.

brexit <- brexit %>%
  mutate(
    region = fct_relevel(region, "london", "rest_of_south", "midlands_wales", "north", "scot"),
    region = fct_recode(region, London = "london", `Rest of South` = "rest_of_south", `Midlands / Wales` = "midlands_wales", North = "north", Scotland = "scot")
  )

ggplot(brexit, aes(y = opinion, fill = opinion)) +
  geom_bar() +
  facet_wrap(~region, nrow = 1, labeller = label_wrap_gen(width = 12)) +
  guides(fill = FALSE) +
  labs(
    title = "Was Britain right/wrong to vote to leave EU?",
    subtitle = "YouGov Survey Results, 2-3 September 2019",
    caption = "Source: bit.ly/2lCJZVg",
    x = NULL, y = NULL
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c(
    "Wrong" = "#ef8a62",
    "Right" = "#67a9cf",
    "Don't know" = "gray"
  )) +
  theme_minimal()

## Warning: The `<scale>` argument of `guides()` cannot be `FALSE`. Use "none" instead as
## of ggplot2 3.3.4.
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## generated.

In this application exercise we tell different stories with the same data.

Exercise 1 - Free scales

Add scales = "free_x" as an argument to the facet_wrap() function. How does the visualisation change? How is the story this visualisation telling different than the story the original plot tells?

ggplot(brexit, aes(y = opinion, fill = opinion)) +
  geom_bar() +
  facet_wrap(~region,
    nrow = 1, scales = "free_x", labeller = label_wrap_gen(width = 12),
    # ___
  ) +
  guides(fill = FALSE) +
  labs(
    title = "Was Britain right/wrong to vote to leave EU?",
    subtitle = "YouGov Survey Results, 2-3 September 2019",
    caption = "Source: bit.ly/2lCJZVg",
    x = NULL, y = NULL
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c(
    "Wrong" = "#ff69b4",
    "Right" = "#ffc0cb",
    "Don't know" = "purple"
  )) +
  theme_minimal()

Exercise 2 - Comparing proportions across facets

First, calculate the proportion of wrong, right, and don’t know answers in each category and then plot these proportions (rather than the counts) and then improve axis labeling. How is the story this visualisation telling different than the story the original plot tells? Hint: You’ll need the scales package to improve axis labeling, which means you’ll need to load it on top of the document as well.

library(tidyverse)
library(scales)  # Untuk format persen

## Warning: package 'scales' was built under R version 4.3.3

## 
## Attaching package: 'scales'

## The following object is masked from 'package:purrr':
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##     discard

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##     col_factor

#calculate the proportion of each opinion within each region
brexit_prop <- brexit %>%
  group_by(region, opinion) %>%
  summarise(count = n(), .groups = "drop") %>%
  mutate(proportion = count / sum(count))

#plot using facets for each region, with the y-axis showing the proportion
ggplot(brexit_prop, aes(x = opinion, y = proportion, fill = opinion)) +
  geom_col() +
  facet_wrap(~region, nrow = 1, scales = "free_x", labeller = label_wrap_gen(width = 12)) +
  scale_y_continuous(labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(
    title = "Was Britain right/wrong to vote to leave EU?",
    subtitle = "Proportion of Opinions in Each Region - YouGov Survey (Sep 2019)",
    caption = "Source: bit.ly/2lCJZVg",
    x = NULL, y = "Proportion"
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c(
    "Wrong" = "#ff69b4",  
    "Right" = "#ffb6c1",  
    "Don't know" = "#191970"  
  )) +
  theme_minimal() 

Exercise 3 - Comparing proportions across bars

Recreate the same visualisation from the previous exercise, this time dodging the bars for opinion proportions for each region, rather than faceting by region and then improve the legend. How is the story this visualisation telling different than the story the previous plot tells?

ggplot(brexit_prop, aes(x = region, y = proportion, fill = opinion)) +
  geom_col(position = "dodge") +
  scale_y_continuous(labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(
    title = "Was Britain right/wrong to vote to leave EU?",
    subtitle = "Comparing Opinion Proportions Across Regions - YouGov Survey (Sep 2019)",
    caption = "Source: bit.ly/2lCJZVg",
    x = NULL, y = "Proportion"
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(
    name = "Opinion",  # Memperbaiki legend
    values = c(
      "Wrong" = "#ff69b4",  # Hot pink
      "Right" = "#ffb6c1",  # Light pink
      "Don't know" = "#BDB76B"  # Navy
    )
  ) +
  theme_minimal()