Burkart DS Labs HW New

Author

David Burkart

Load the Necessary Libraries

library("dslabs")

Warning: package 'dslabs' was built under R version 4.4.3

library("tidyverse")

── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
✔ dplyr     1.1.4     ✔ readr     2.1.5
✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.1
✔ ggplot2   3.5.1     ✔ tibble    3.2.1
✔ lubridate 1.9.3     ✔ tidyr     1.3.1
✔ purrr     1.0.2     
── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors

library(highcharter)

Warning: package 'highcharter' was built under R version 4.4.3

Registered S3 method overwritten by 'quantmod':
  method            from
  as.zoo.data.frame zoo 
Highcharts (www.highcharts.com) is a Highsoft software product which is
not free for commercial and Governmental use

Attaching package: 'highcharter'

The following object is masked from 'package:dslabs':

    stars

library(RColorBrewer)
data(package="dslabs")
list.files(system.file("script", package = "dslabs"))

 [1] "make-admissions.R"                   
 [2] "make-brca.R"                         
 [3] "make-brexit_polls.R"                 
 [4] "make-calificaciones.R"               
 [5] "make-death_prob.R"                   
 [6] "make-divorce_margarine.R"            
 [7] "make-gapminder-rdas.R"               
 [8] "make-greenhouse_gases.R"             
 [9] "make-historic_co2.R"                 
[10] "make-mice_weights.R"                 
[11] "make-mnist_127.R"                    
[12] "make-mnist_27.R"                     
[13] "make-movielens.R"                    
[14] "make-murders-rda.R"                  
[15] "make-na_example-rda.R"               
[16] "make-nyc_regents_scores.R"           
[17] "make-olive.R"                        
[18] "make-outlier_example.R"              
[19] "make-polls_2008.R"                   
[20] "make-polls_us_election_2016.R"       
[21] "make-pr_death_counts.R"              
[22] "make-reported_heights-rda.R"         
[23] "make-research_funding_rates.R"       
[24] "make-stars.R"                        
[25] "make-temp_carbon.R"                  
[26] "make-tissue-gene-expression.R"       
[27] "make-trump_tweets.R"                 
[28] "make-weekly_us_contagious_diseases.R"
[29] "save-gapminder-example-csv.R"

Investigate the selected data set

data("temp_carbon")
head(temp_carbon)

  year temp_anomaly land_anomaly ocean_anomaly carbon_emissions
1 1880        -0.11        -0.48         -0.01              236
2 1881        -0.08        -0.40          0.01              243
3 1882        -0.10        -0.48          0.00              256
4 1883        -0.18        -0.66         -0.04              272
5 1884        -0.26        -0.69         -0.14              275
6 1885        -0.25        -0.56         -0.17              277

is.na(temp_carbon)

        year temp_anomaly land_anomaly ocean_anomaly carbon_emissions
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temp_carbon

    year temp_anomaly land_anomaly ocean_anomaly carbon_emissions
1   1880        -0.11        -0.48         -0.01              236
2   1881        -0.08        -0.40          0.01              243
3   1882        -0.10        -0.48          0.00              256
4   1883        -0.18        -0.66         -0.04              272
5   1884        -0.26        -0.69         -0.14              275
6   1885        -0.25        -0.56         -0.17              277
7   1886        -0.24        -0.51         -0.17              281
8   1887        -0.28        -0.47         -0.23              295
9   1888        -0.13        -0.41         -0.05              327
10  1889        -0.09        -0.31         -0.02              327
11  1890        -0.34        -0.51         -0.29              356
12  1891        -0.25        -0.52         -0.15              372
13  1892        -0.30        -0.49         -0.23              374
14  1893        -0.32        -0.54         -0.24              370
15  1894        -0.30        -0.38         -0.27              383
16  1895        -0.23        -0.39         -0.17              406
17  1896        -0.09        -0.33          0.00              419
18  1897        -0.09        -0.26         -0.03              440
19  1898        -0.26        -0.37         -0.22              465
20  1899        -0.15        -0.21         -0.13              507
21  1900        -0.07        -0.15         -0.05              534
22  1901        -0.15        -0.12         -0.16              552
23  1902        -0.25        -0.26         -0.24              566
24  1903        -0.37        -0.37         -0.37              617
25  1904        -0.45        -0.44         -0.46              624
26  1905        -0.27        -0.33         -0.25              663
27  1906        -0.21        -0.17         -0.22              707
28  1907        -0.38        -0.62         -0.29              784
29  1908        -0.43        -0.44         -0.43              750
30  1909        -0.44        -0.43         -0.45              785
31  1910        -0.40        -0.36         -0.42              819
32  1911        -0.44        -0.48         -0.43              836
33  1912        -0.34        -0.48         -0.28              879
34  1913        -0.32        -0.31         -0.32              943
35  1914        -0.14        -0.06         -0.17              850
36  1915        -0.09        -0.08         -0.10              838
37  1916        -0.32        -0.46         -0.26              901
38  1917        -0.40        -0.63         -0.29              955
39  1918        -0.30        -0.50         -0.21              936
40  1919        -0.25        -0.33         -0.21              806
41  1920        -0.23        -0.36         -0.18              932
42  1921        -0.16        -0.15         -0.17              803
43  1922        -0.25        -0.27         -0.24              845
44  1923        -0.25        -0.29         -0.24              970
45  1924        -0.24        -0.25         -0.24              963
46  1925        -0.18        -0.15         -0.19              975
47  1926        -0.07        -0.02         -0.10              983
48  1927        -0.17        -0.22         -0.16             1062
49  1928        -0.18        -0.15         -0.20             1065
50  1929        -0.33        -0.49         -0.27             1145
51  1930        -0.11        -0.13         -0.11             1053
52  1931        -0.06        -0.02         -0.08              940
53  1932        -0.13        -0.03         -0.17              847
54  1933        -0.26        -0.36         -0.22              893
55  1934        -0.11        -0.06         -0.13              973
56  1935        -0.16        -0.17         -0.15             1027
57  1936        -0.12        -0.12         -0.12             1130
58  1937        -0.01        -0.02         -0.01             1209
59  1938        -0.02         0.17         -0.10             1142
60  1939         0.01         0.10         -0.03             1192
61  1940         0.16         0.07          0.20             1299
62  1941         0.27         0.10          0.35             1334
63  1942         0.11         0.06          0.13             1342
64  1943         0.11         0.07          0.12             1391
65  1944         0.28         0.19          0.32             1383
66  1945         0.18        -0.07          0.30             1160
67  1946        -0.01        -0.01         -0.01             1238
68  1947        -0.04         0.04         -0.07             1392
69  1948        -0.05         0.05         -0.10             1469
70  1949        -0.07        -0.07         -0.08             1419
71  1950        -0.15        -0.32         -0.09             1630
72  1951         0.00        -0.06          0.02             1767
73  1952         0.05        -0.05          0.08             1795
74  1953         0.13         0.20          0.10             1841
75  1954        -0.10        -0.12         -0.09             1865
76  1955        -0.13        -0.11         -0.13             2042
77  1956        -0.18        -0.40         -0.10             2177
78  1957         0.07        -0.04          0.11             2270
79  1958         0.13         0.15          0.12             2330
80  1959         0.08         0.09          0.08             2454
81  1960         0.05         0.00          0.07             2569
82  1961         0.10         0.12          0.09             2580
83  1962         0.11         0.16          0.09             2686
84  1963         0.12         0.21          0.08             2833
85  1964        -0.14        -0.22         -0.11             2995
86  1965        -0.07        -0.12         -0.05             3130
87  1966        -0.01        -0.05          0.01             3288
88  1967         0.00         0.01         -0.01             3393
89  1968        -0.03        -0.11          0.01             3566
90  1969         0.11        -0.08          0.17             3780
91  1970         0.06         0.05          0.06             4053
92  1971        -0.07        -0.02         -0.09             4208
93  1972         0.04        -0.17          0.11             4376
94  1973         0.19         0.34          0.14             4614
95  1974        -0.06        -0.18         -0.02             4623
96  1975         0.01         0.14         -0.04             4596
97  1976        -0.07        -0.23         -0.01             4864
98  1977         0.21         0.25          0.19             5016
99  1978         0.12         0.10          0.12             5074
100 1979         0.23         0.17          0.24             5357
101 1980         0.28         0.31          0.26             5301
102 1981         0.32         0.52          0.25             5138
103 1982         0.19         0.11          0.22             5094
104 1983         0.36         0.50          0.30             5075
105 1984         0.17         0.06          0.20             5258
106 1985         0.16         0.10          0.18             5417
107 1986         0.23         0.30          0.21             5583
108 1987         0.38         0.45          0.36             5725
109 1988         0.39         0.58          0.32             5936
110 1989         0.29         0.36          0.27             6066
111 1990         0.45         0.66          0.37             6074
112 1991         0.39         0.53          0.34             6142
113 1992         0.24         0.24          0.23             6078
114 1993         0.28         0.35          0.25             6070
115 1994         0.34         0.48          0.29             6174
116 1995         0.47         0.78          0.35             6305
117 1996         0.32         0.35          0.31             6448
118 1997         0.51         0.64          0.46             6556
119 1998         0.65         0.98          0.52             6576
120 1999         0.44         0.78          0.31             6561
121 2000         0.42         0.62          0.34             6733
122 2001         0.57         0.84          0.46             6893
123 2002         0.62         0.95          0.49             6994
124 2003         0.63         0.94          0.52             7376
125 2004         0.58         0.81          0.49             7743
126 2005         0.66         1.08          0.50             8042
127 2006         0.63         0.97          0.50             8336
128 2007         0.61         1.12          0.43             8503
129 2008         0.54         0.89          0.41             8776
130 2009         0.64         0.90          0.54             8697
131 2010         0.72         1.14          0.56             9128
132 2011         0.57         0.91          0.44             9503
133 2012         0.63         0.95          0.51             9673
134 2013         0.67         1.03          0.53             9773
135 2014         0.73         1.01          0.63             9855
136 2015         0.92         1.39          0.75               NA
137 2016         0.98         1.50          0.79               NA
138 2017         0.90         1.38          0.72               NA
139 2018         0.82         1.18          0.68               NA
140 1751           NA           NA            NA                3
141 1752           NA           NA            NA                3
142 1753           NA           NA            NA                3
143 1754           NA           NA            NA                3
144 1755           NA           NA            NA                3
145 1756           NA           NA            NA                3
146 1757           NA           NA            NA                3
147 1758           NA           NA            NA                3
148 1759           NA           NA            NA                3
149 1760           NA           NA            NA                3
150 1761           NA           NA            NA                3
151 1762           NA           NA            NA                3
152 1763           NA           NA            NA                3
153 1764           NA           NA            NA                3
154 1765           NA           NA            NA                3
155 1766           NA           NA            NA                3
156 1767           NA           NA            NA                3
157 1768           NA           NA            NA                3
158 1769           NA           NA            NA                3
159 1770           NA           NA            NA                3
160 1771           NA           NA            NA                4
161 1772           NA           NA            NA                4
162 1773           NA           NA            NA                4
163 1774           NA           NA            NA                4
164 1775           NA           NA            NA                4
165 1776           NA           NA            NA                4
166 1777           NA           NA            NA                4
167 1778           NA           NA            NA                4
168 1779           NA           NA            NA                4
169 1780           NA           NA            NA                4
170 1781           NA           NA            NA                5
171 1782           NA           NA            NA                5
172 1783           NA           NA            NA                5
173 1784           NA           NA            NA                5
174 1785           NA           NA            NA                5
175 1786           NA           NA            NA                5
176 1787           NA           NA            NA                5
177 1788           NA           NA            NA                5
178 1789           NA           NA            NA                5
179 1790           NA           NA            NA                5
180 1791           NA           NA            NA                6
181 1792           NA           NA            NA                6
182 1793           NA           NA            NA                6
183 1794           NA           NA            NA                6
184 1795           NA           NA            NA                6
185 1796           NA           NA            NA                6
186 1797           NA           NA            NA                7
187 1798           NA           NA            NA                7
188 1799           NA           NA            NA                7
189 1800           NA           NA            NA                8
190 1801           NA           NA            NA                8
191 1802           NA           NA            NA               10
192 1803           NA           NA            NA                9
193 1804           NA           NA            NA                9
194 1805           NA           NA            NA                9
195 1806           NA           NA            NA               10
196 1807           NA           NA            NA               10
197 1808           NA           NA            NA               10
198 1809           NA           NA            NA               10
199 1810           NA           NA            NA               10
200 1811           NA           NA            NA               11
201 1812           NA           NA            NA               11
202 1813           NA           NA            NA               11
203 1814           NA           NA            NA               11
204 1815           NA           NA            NA               12
205 1816           NA           NA            NA               13
206 1817           NA           NA            NA               14
207 1818           NA           NA            NA               14
208 1819           NA           NA            NA               14
209 1820           NA           NA            NA               14
210 1821           NA           NA            NA               14
211 1822           NA           NA            NA               15
212 1823           NA           NA            NA               16
213 1824           NA           NA            NA               16
214 1825           NA           NA            NA               17
215 1826           NA           NA            NA               17
216 1827           NA           NA            NA               18
217 1828           NA           NA            NA               18
218 1829           NA           NA            NA               18
219 1830           NA           NA            NA               24
220 1831           NA           NA            NA               23
221 1832           NA           NA            NA               23
222 1833           NA           NA            NA               24
223 1834           NA           NA            NA               24
224 1835           NA           NA            NA               25
225 1836           NA           NA            NA               29
226 1837           NA           NA            NA               29
227 1838           NA           NA            NA               30
228 1839           NA           NA            NA               31
229 1840           NA           NA            NA               33
230 1841           NA           NA            NA               34
231 1842           NA           NA            NA               36
232 1843           NA           NA            NA               37
233 1844           NA           NA            NA               39
234 1845           NA           NA            NA               43
235 1846           NA           NA            NA               43
236 1847           NA           NA            NA               46
237 1848           NA           NA            NA               47
238 1849           NA           NA            NA               50
239 1850           NA           NA            NA               54
240 1851           NA           NA            NA               54
241 1852           NA           NA            NA               57
242 1853           NA           NA            NA               59
243 1854           NA           NA            NA               69
244 1855           NA           NA            NA               71
245 1856           NA           NA            NA               76
246 1857           NA           NA            NA               77
247 1858           NA           NA            NA               78
248 1859           NA           NA            NA               83
249 1860           NA           NA            NA               91
250 1861           NA           NA            NA               95
251 1862           NA           NA            NA               97
252 1863           NA           NA            NA              104
253 1864           NA           NA            NA              112
254 1865           NA           NA            NA              119
255 1866           NA           NA            NA              122
256 1867           NA           NA            NA              130
257 1868           NA           NA            NA              135
258 1869           NA           NA            NA              142
259 1870           NA           NA            NA              147
260 1871           NA           NA            NA              156
261 1872           NA           NA            NA              173
262 1873           NA           NA            NA              184
263 1874           NA           NA            NA              174
264 1875           NA           NA            NA              188
265 1876           NA           NA            NA              191
266 1877           NA           NA            NA              194
267 1878           NA           NA            NA              196
268 1879           NA           NA            NA              210

Filter to include only the years with complete data (values for both temp_anomaly and carbon_emissions)

data_1880 <- temp_carbon |>
  filter(year > 1879 & year < 2015) 
data_1880

    year temp_anomaly land_anomaly ocean_anomaly carbon_emissions
1   1880        -0.11        -0.48         -0.01              236
2   1881        -0.08        -0.40          0.01              243
3   1882        -0.10        -0.48          0.00              256
4   1883        -0.18        -0.66         -0.04              272
5   1884        -0.26        -0.69         -0.14              275
6   1885        -0.25        -0.56         -0.17              277
7   1886        -0.24        -0.51         -0.17              281
8   1887        -0.28        -0.47         -0.23              295
9   1888        -0.13        -0.41         -0.05              327
10  1889        -0.09        -0.31         -0.02              327
11  1890        -0.34        -0.51         -0.29              356
12  1891        -0.25        -0.52         -0.15              372
13  1892        -0.30        -0.49         -0.23              374
14  1893        -0.32        -0.54         -0.24              370
15  1894        -0.30        -0.38         -0.27              383
16  1895        -0.23        -0.39         -0.17              406
17  1896        -0.09        -0.33          0.00              419
18  1897        -0.09        -0.26         -0.03              440
19  1898        -0.26        -0.37         -0.22              465
20  1899        -0.15        -0.21         -0.13              507
21  1900        -0.07        -0.15         -0.05              534
22  1901        -0.15        -0.12         -0.16              552
23  1902        -0.25        -0.26         -0.24              566
24  1903        -0.37        -0.37         -0.37              617
25  1904        -0.45        -0.44         -0.46              624
26  1905        -0.27        -0.33         -0.25              663
27  1906        -0.21        -0.17         -0.22              707
28  1907        -0.38        -0.62         -0.29              784
29  1908        -0.43        -0.44         -0.43              750
30  1909        -0.44        -0.43         -0.45              785
31  1910        -0.40        -0.36         -0.42              819
32  1911        -0.44        -0.48         -0.43              836
33  1912        -0.34        -0.48         -0.28              879
34  1913        -0.32        -0.31         -0.32              943
35  1914        -0.14        -0.06         -0.17              850
36  1915        -0.09        -0.08         -0.10              838
37  1916        -0.32        -0.46         -0.26              901
38  1917        -0.40        -0.63         -0.29              955
39  1918        -0.30        -0.50         -0.21              936
40  1919        -0.25        -0.33         -0.21              806
41  1920        -0.23        -0.36         -0.18              932
42  1921        -0.16        -0.15         -0.17              803
43  1922        -0.25        -0.27         -0.24              845
44  1923        -0.25        -0.29         -0.24              970
45  1924        -0.24        -0.25         -0.24              963
46  1925        -0.18        -0.15         -0.19              975
47  1926        -0.07        -0.02         -0.10              983
48  1927        -0.17        -0.22         -0.16             1062
49  1928        -0.18        -0.15         -0.20             1065
50  1929        -0.33        -0.49         -0.27             1145
51  1930        -0.11        -0.13         -0.11             1053
52  1931        -0.06        -0.02         -0.08              940
53  1932        -0.13        -0.03         -0.17              847
54  1933        -0.26        -0.36         -0.22              893
55  1934        -0.11        -0.06         -0.13              973
56  1935        -0.16        -0.17         -0.15             1027
57  1936        -0.12        -0.12         -0.12             1130
58  1937        -0.01        -0.02         -0.01             1209
59  1938        -0.02         0.17         -0.10             1142
60  1939         0.01         0.10         -0.03             1192
61  1940         0.16         0.07          0.20             1299
62  1941         0.27         0.10          0.35             1334
63  1942         0.11         0.06          0.13             1342
64  1943         0.11         0.07          0.12             1391
65  1944         0.28         0.19          0.32             1383
66  1945         0.18        -0.07          0.30             1160
67  1946        -0.01        -0.01         -0.01             1238
68  1947        -0.04         0.04         -0.07             1392
69  1948        -0.05         0.05         -0.10             1469
70  1949        -0.07        -0.07         -0.08             1419
71  1950        -0.15        -0.32         -0.09             1630
72  1951         0.00        -0.06          0.02             1767
73  1952         0.05        -0.05          0.08             1795
74  1953         0.13         0.20          0.10             1841
75  1954        -0.10        -0.12         -0.09             1865
76  1955        -0.13        -0.11         -0.13             2042
77  1956        -0.18        -0.40         -0.10             2177
78  1957         0.07        -0.04          0.11             2270
79  1958         0.13         0.15          0.12             2330
80  1959         0.08         0.09          0.08             2454
81  1960         0.05         0.00          0.07             2569
82  1961         0.10         0.12          0.09             2580
83  1962         0.11         0.16          0.09             2686
84  1963         0.12         0.21          0.08             2833
85  1964        -0.14        -0.22         -0.11             2995
86  1965        -0.07        -0.12         -0.05             3130
87  1966        -0.01        -0.05          0.01             3288
88  1967         0.00         0.01         -0.01             3393
89  1968        -0.03        -0.11          0.01             3566
90  1969         0.11        -0.08          0.17             3780
91  1970         0.06         0.05          0.06             4053
92  1971        -0.07        -0.02         -0.09             4208
93  1972         0.04        -0.17          0.11             4376
94  1973         0.19         0.34          0.14             4614
95  1974        -0.06        -0.18         -0.02             4623
96  1975         0.01         0.14         -0.04             4596
97  1976        -0.07        -0.23         -0.01             4864
98  1977         0.21         0.25          0.19             5016
99  1978         0.12         0.10          0.12             5074
100 1979         0.23         0.17          0.24             5357
101 1980         0.28         0.31          0.26             5301
102 1981         0.32         0.52          0.25             5138
103 1982         0.19         0.11          0.22             5094
104 1983         0.36         0.50          0.30             5075
105 1984         0.17         0.06          0.20             5258
106 1985         0.16         0.10          0.18             5417
107 1986         0.23         0.30          0.21             5583
108 1987         0.38         0.45          0.36             5725
109 1988         0.39         0.58          0.32             5936
110 1989         0.29         0.36          0.27             6066
111 1990         0.45         0.66          0.37             6074
112 1991         0.39         0.53          0.34             6142
113 1992         0.24         0.24          0.23             6078
114 1993         0.28         0.35          0.25             6070
115 1994         0.34         0.48          0.29             6174
116 1995         0.47         0.78          0.35             6305
117 1996         0.32         0.35          0.31             6448
118 1997         0.51         0.64          0.46             6556
119 1998         0.65         0.98          0.52             6576
120 1999         0.44         0.78          0.31             6561
121 2000         0.42         0.62          0.34             6733
122 2001         0.57         0.84          0.46             6893
123 2002         0.62         0.95          0.49             6994
124 2003         0.63         0.94          0.52             7376
125 2004         0.58         0.81          0.49             7743
126 2005         0.66         1.08          0.50             8042
127 2006         0.63         0.97          0.50             8336
128 2007         0.61         1.12          0.43             8503
129 2008         0.54         0.89          0.41             8776
130 2009         0.64         0.90          0.54             8697
131 2010         0.72         1.14          0.56             9128
132 2011         0.57         0.91          0.44             9503
133 2012         0.63         0.95          0.51             9673
134 2013         0.67         1.03          0.53             9773
135 2014         0.73         1.01          0.63             9855

Use Highcharter to create a line chart that shows both temperature anomalies and carbon emissions, including setting the color for each line. Add a descriptive title, axis labels, and source credit for data with a specific font.

cols <- c("#de2d26","#2c7fb8")
highchart() |>
  hc_yAxis_multiples(
    list(title = list(text = "Temperature Anomaly (degrees Celsius)")),
    list(title = list(text = "Carbon Emissions (millions of metric tons)"),
         opposite = TRUE)) |>
  hc_add_series(data = data_1880$temp_anomaly,
                name = "Temperature Anomaly",
                type = "line",
                yAxis = 0) |>
  hc_add_series(data = data_1880$carbon_emissions,
                name = "Carbon Emissions",
                type = "line",
                yAxis = 1) |>
  hc_xAxis(categories = data_1880$year,
           tickInterval = 10) |>
  hc_title(text = "Global Annual Mean Temperature Anomalies and Carbon Emissions from 1880 to 2014") |>
  hc_caption(text = "Source: NOAA and Boden, T.A., G. Marland, and R.J. Andres (2017) via CDIAC") |>
  hc_colors(cols) |>
  hc_chart(style = list(fontFamily = "Montserrat",
                        fontWeight = "bold"))

Description of Data Set and How it was Used

I used the “temp_carbon” data set, which includes the mean global temperature anomaly (for either land, sea, or combined) and annual carbon emissions for the years 1751-2018. The data set was not complete for all years, so to make my chart I only used those that were complete (1880-2014). Additionally, I chose to use only the combined mean global temperature anomaly, since this would be the most comprehensive. The graph I chose to make is a line graph with three variables: the combined global mean annual temperature anomaly on the first y axis, the global annual carbon emissions on the second y axis, and year on the x axis. I selected two distinct colors, one red and one blue, to assign to the two graphed lines. I chose a dark red for the temperature anomaly to convey the warming trend, and a blue for carbon emissions to contrast with the red. Both variables exhibit a similar positive trend over time and a slope that increases markedly in the mid 20th century. This trend is reflective of the rise of fossil-fuel consuming industries and transportation that also occurred around this time.