R Markdown

This is an R Markdown document. Markdown is a simple formatting syntax for authoring HTML, PDF, and MS Word documents. For more details on using R Markdown see http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com.

When you click the Knit button a document will be generated that includes both content as well as the output of any embedded R code chunks within the document. You can embed an R code chunk like this:

summary(cars)
##      speed           dist       
##  Min.   : 4.0   Min.   :  2.00  
##  1st Qu.:12.0   1st Qu.: 26.00  
##  Median :15.0   Median : 36.00  
##  Mean   :15.4   Mean   : 42.98  
##  3rd Qu.:19.0   3rd Qu.: 56.00  
##  Max.   :25.0   Max.   :120.00

Including Plots

You can also embed plots, for example:

## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr     1.1.4     ✔ readr     2.1.5
## ✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.1
## ✔ ggplot2   3.5.1     ✔ tibble    3.2.1
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.4     ✔ tidyr     1.3.1
## ✔ purrr     1.0.2     
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors
## Linking to GEOS 3.12.2, GDAL 3.9.3, PROJ 9.4.1; sf_use_s2() is TRUE
## Warning: package 'osmdata' was built under R version 4.4.3
## Data (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright
## Reading layer `MI_counties' from data source 
##   `C:\Users\swast\OneDrive\Desktop\URB INFO\UTLAB10\Lab10\MI_counties.shp' 
##   using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
## Simple feature collection with 83 features and 17 fields
## Geometry type: POLYGON
## Dimension:     XY
## Bounding box:  xmin: -90.41839 ymin: 41.69612 xmax: -82.12297 ymax: 48.30606
## Geodetic CRS:  NAD83
## Coordinate Reference System:
##   User input: EPSG:4326 
##   wkt:
## GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
##     ENSEMBLE["World Geodetic System 1984 ensemble",
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (Transit)"],
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G730)"],
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G873)"],
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1150)"],
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1674)"],
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1762)"],
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G2139)"],
##         MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G2296)"],
##         ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
##             LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
##         ENSEMBLEACCURACY[2.0]],
##     PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
##         ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
##     CS[ellipsoidal,2],
##         AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
##             ORDER[1],
##             ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
##         AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
##             ORDER[2],
##             ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
##     USAGE[
##         SCOPE["Horizontal component of 3D system."],
##         AREA["World."],
##         BBOX[-90,-180,90,180]],
##     ID["EPSG",4326]]
##  [1] "STATEFP"  "COUNTYFP" "COUNTYNS" "GEOID"    "NAME"     "NAMELSAD"
##  [7] "LSAD"     "CLASSFP"  "MTFCC"    "CSAFP"    "CBSAFP"   "METDIVFP"
## [13] "FUNCSTAT" "ALAND"    "AWATER"   "INTPTLAT" "INTPTLON" "geometry"

Note that the echo = FALSE parameter was added to the code chunk to prevent printing of the R code that generated the plot.