The number of electric vehicle (EV) owners in the United States is steadily increasing (JD Power, 2023). Virginia has a $33.3 billion tourism industry, which relies on attracting and catering to domestic and transnational tourists. However, rural and small-town destinations face upfront financial risks when investing in EV charging infrastructure. To support these communities accommodate the growing EV market, this project aims to analyze EV and tourism trends to inform governmental support programs.
This research project uses survey results, vehicle registration counts, tourism revenue figures, time-series analysis, census data, and geospatial visualization to estimate and display the number of EV-driving tourists traveling through Virginia.
The results of this project include an estimation of the number of annual EV tourists visiting Virginia’s top 362 tourism points of interest, revenue generated by EV tourists, and a geographically weighted regression analysis analyzing the correlation between tourism revenue in localities existing charging infrastructure and socio-economic data.
The U.S. is undergoing a transportation shift toward electric vehicles (Atlas EV Hub, 2023). As the number of EV drivers increases, the tourism industry must adapt to serve this emerging market. A deeper understanding of EV tourism, travel patterns, and economic impacts will help Virginia’s tourism sector prepare for future demand.
The tourism industry in Virginia generates an estimated $33.3 billion dollars of revenue in 2023 (Virginia Tourism Corporation, 2024). This industry provides essential income for communities across the Commonwealth. Over the past decade the number of electric vehicles on the road has increased (Atlas EV Hub, 2023).
This rise in electric vehicle ownership creates opportunities and challenges for the tourism industry, the need for electric vehicle service equipment (EVSE) will rise in communities where EV ownership is low. Currently, there is a perceived upfront risk for installing EV charging stations in rural and historically underserved communities, as without a large local population of EV drivers and a small workforce of EV charging station technicians there is a fear of being unable to obtain a return on investment (Smith, O., & Rodger, C. 2021). However, it is recognized in these communities that charging infrastructure is needed to service the EV market and not be left behind in the drive tourism space.
This study aims to address the question “How many electric vehicle owners are likely to visit Virginia’s top tourism destinations?” Providing this analysis to tourism leaders and local planning organizations in Virginia will assist in de-risking the investment of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) while informing the placement of new electrical infrastructure.
The results of this project will inform the installation of future EVSE across Virginia, guide grant writing efforts, inform the administration of funding for charging infrastructure, and provide insight into electric vehicle tourism trends. The long-term results of these efforts will reduce investment risk for tourism communities, reduce range anxiety for EV owners, and expand charging access for Virginia residents.
To meet the requirements of the posed research question, this project gathered visitor count by tourism sites, survey results of EV travelers, state and national trends for EV registrations, existing charging infrastructure locations, and tourism revenue generated by locality. These data sources are referenced below.
Visitor data for the top tourist destination in the Commonwealth was acquired from the Virginia Tourism Corporation (VTC), data on 362 tourism points of interests were provided by VTC staff through a data request. VTC monitors and publishes this data on an annual basis monitoring the most visited locations in Virginia and tourism revenue generated in each locality. The data incorporates traveler information from 2019 to 2024. 2020 was excluded from this research as the global pandemic impacted travelers to Virginia and was an outlier.
Visitor data was collected at each of the 362 points of interest using recorded mobile position data from cellular devices within geofenced boundaries. Geofences, are virtual boundaries they were used to define which cellular data was collected and counted towards site visitation. The cellular data originated from smartphone applications that opt-in to location sharing on location-based services, which allow for site visitation to be estimated. These device-level locations, derived from GPS data, are processed by the VTC.
A consideration when reviewing this information is that the cellular data does not provide visitor count totals and is an estimation of visitors. Individuals without location sharing devices are not included in the visitation data, additionally the boundary of the geofenced area where cellular data is collected impacts visitation numbers. The geofenced boundaries may exclude or include a public sidewalk, parking lot, or area adjacent to the tourism attraction that may impact visitation numbers. Reasonable attempts were made by the VTC to keep the geofenced boundaries assigned with similar principles to not skew visitor data.
This dataset provided insight into the estimated flow of travelers visiting Virginia’s tourism attractions each year over a 5 year time span. While this dataset does not represent the total visitor count for each site it provides the most accurate information available for estimating tourist visitation in Virginia on an annual basis. Additional benefits for using this data allow for popular tourist sites to be identified and estimations of tourist demographics to be calculated.
Data on visitors using electric vehicles in Virginia was acquired through Longwoods International survey data (Virginia Tourism Corporation, 2024) and the Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center data portal of light-duty vehicle registrations.
Longwoods International is a market consultancy group that has conducted one of the longest running surveys of travelers for the tourism industry. VTC utilizes this consultancy group’s survey efforts to inform their agency’s annual Virginia Tourism Profile report. The only survey results that were available for electric vehicle owners came from the organization’s 2023 survey. This prevents this project from comparing the same temporal extent of electric vehicles for each of the points of interest obtained from VTC but it does allow a visitor profile for 2023 to be created.
Key takeaways from the 2023 Longwoods International survey and the Virginia Tourism Profile report: 2023 Total Visits to Virginia: ~110,900,000 2023 Total Visitors driving electric vehicles: ~4,436,000
2023 Overnight visits to Virginia: ~43,600,000 2023 Overnight visitors driving electric vehicles: ~1,744,000
The survey results estimate 4,436,000 visitors, or around 4% of 2023 Virginia tourists drove electric vehicles in 2023. These numbers were derived from hundreds of surveys conducted by Longwoods International over the course of 2023 and were gathered from a wide variety of tourism organizational sources. Overnight visitors to Virginia using EVs were also an estimated 4% of to total survey respondents.
Considerations to include about this survey data is that it in not inclusive of every tourist visiting Virginia and does provide data for years outside of 2023. While this information is utilized in this report to create a tourism profile for 2023 and a geographically weighted regression analysis it cannot be used to infer EV visitors for outside of that year without wide reaching assumptions.
The Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuel Data Center provided temporal data on vehicle registrations counts by state from 2016 to 2023. This provided a database this report used to estimate electric vehicle driving tourists for the years 2019 to 2023. The percentage of EV registrations in Virginia and the percent of national EV registrations were combined in a weighted percentage that was used for estimating the number of electric vehicles visiting the tourism points of interest. From annual tourism reports generated by the VTC, ~30% of tourists interviewed for surveys were from in state and ~70% were from out of state. To accommodate this while creating a percentage of EVs of the roads in Virginia, this project combined the national and Virginia EV registration percentages for the years 2019 to 2023 with the national percentage being weighted at 70% and Virginia registration percentage being weighed at 30%. This EV percentage per year was multiplied to each of the 362 sites visitor totals to calculate the number of EV driving tourists visiting for each year in the time frame. With 2019 having a around 0.25% of visitors for each site being estimated as driving EV and 2023 having around 1.2% of visitors driving electric. Assumptions were made for 2024 data as VTC had provided numbers for annual visitors for that year but DOE’s Alternative Fuel Data Center had yet to release EV registration data for 2024, at the time of writing this. Therefore this report assigned 1.2% to site visitation for 2024 to provide a generalized estimate of EV visitors.
Utilizing both the Longwoods International survey and the Alternative Fuel Data Center vehicle registration allowed this report to gather temporal trend data as well as a specific year profile for the data. Considerations to be made about this data source is that vehicle registrations only show how many light-duty personal vehicles can be driven on the roads and does not represent the likelihood of individuals to travel using their vehicles. Additionally, this report does not account for visitors who were ride sharing and additional work must be performed to determine a margin of error that addresses this potential.
Local demographics were acquired through the U.S. Census Bureau. Data on revenue generated from tourism in Virginia was obtained from the Virginia Tourism Corporation’s tourism economic impact assessments which provides annual tourism revenue generation for the Commonwealth. This dataset was used to estimate the amount of income generated by electric vehicle drivers for the tourism industry that informed the Geographically Weighted Regression analysis performed by this report.
Some considerations about this dataset are that it includes all forms of travel, on the road vehicles, aviation, marine, and rail. General assumptions are provided by VTC on the methodology for how this revenue data was generated. Incorporating both the Longwoods International Survey and this economic impact dataset, the year 2023 saw an estimated $33.3 billion being spent by visitors in Virginia. Which when compared with the estimated 4% of electric vehicle tourists on the road in 2023, results in an estimated 1.3 billion generated from EV driving tourists in that year.
Existing electric vehicle charging stations data was obtained through the Alternative Fuels Data Center’s. This data were used to inform the Geographically Weighted Regression analysis, to examine the correlation between existing charging infrastructure and tourism revenue on the locality scale. All levels of charging were included in this dataset. Reasonable efforts were taken by DOE to maintain the working status of these sites, however, a consideration to be made when examining this information is not all charging sites are always operating. This dataset does not reflect capacity for electric vehicle charging and just shows current extent of EVSE infrastructure in the Commonwealth. The point data for these sites were obtained in March 2025 and may be out of date at the time of viewing this report.
This information was filtered within the DOE’s data portal to focus on Virginia before downloading.
This section details the data wrangling, analysis, and visualization performed to assess and communicate the EV tourism trends in the Commonwealth.
Data were viewed in Excel and RStudios. Cleaned in RStudios with the tidyverse and dyplr packages. Using the geofenced estimates acquired from VTC, the data is cleaned and grouped by site. The year 2020 was omitted from the data as the COVID-19 pandemic created an outlier in visitor attendance.
Data were cleaned and visualized using RStudios and processed into an R Markdown report. R Markdown is a document format that integrates code, text, and visualizations in a single file. Which allowed this project to create reports that combine narrative, analysis, and visualizations. The application allowed a space for objectives of this project to be written down and worked on in the same area allowing for intuitive processing of ideas. The mutate function was used throughout this project to create new fields that held the percentage of both tourism visitors and economic revenue generated by that tourism point of interest. R Studios and the dplyr and tidyverse packages made the process of working with 362 points with 5-years of data intuitive.
Data wrangling began with reading the data into R Studios and assigning variables needed for analysis. Csv files compromised the bulk of data read into RStudios, the tidycensus package was used to obtain both demographic and economic data for the temporal scale of 2019-2023 being used by this tourism points of interest. A geographic boundary was obtained from the Virginia Geospatial Information Network data portal. The tourism points of interest list were converted into a spatial object, using the latitude and longitude coordinates to assign each site a location.
To inform the geographically weighted regression analysis, socio-economic factors of household median income and population of the locality level was gathered through tidy census. These data frames were joined with tourism revenue and electric vehicle charging station data by county and city level for Virginia. The spgwr package was loaded into the provide the tools for creating the regression analysis and model the relationship between tourism revenue by locality and existing charging infrastructure. The socio-economic data was included in the analysis as control groups to test the modelling process and provide comparison analyses determining the correlation between tourism revenue and other factors like locality household median income and locality population, both were expected to have low coefficients in the regression analysis.
# Importing packages used in the project
# tidycensus loads US Census data in to the project, used for demographic and economic datasets
library(tidycensus)
# The dplyr package contains data cleaning functions
library(dplyr)
##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
# tidyverse is a meta-package that contains multiple data science packages
library(tidyverse)
## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## âś” forcats 1.0.0 âś” readr 2.1.5
## âś” ggplot2 3.5.1 âś” stringr 1.5.1
## âś” lubridate 1.9.4 âś” tibble 3.2.1
## âś” purrr 1.0.2 âś” tidyr 1.3.1
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## âś– dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## âś– dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors
# ggiraph is a package for interactive visualizations
library(ggiraph)
# sf is used for spatial data workflows
library(sf)
## Linking to GEOS 3.12.2, GDAL 3.9.3, PROJ 9.4.1; sf_use_s2() is TRUE
# leaflet creates interactive maps and visualizations
library(leaflet)
# mapview extends leaflet's features with interactive visualizations
library(mapview)
# scale provides functions for formatting and scaling numerical values
library(scales)
##
## Attaching package: 'scales'
##
## The following object is masked from 'package:purrr':
##
## discard
##
## The following object is masked from 'package:readr':
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## col_factor
# plotly provides additional interactive elements for plots
library(plotly)
##
## Attaching package: 'plotly'
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## The following object is masked from 'package:ggplot2':
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## last_plot
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## The following object is masked from 'package:stats':
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# spgwr contains tools for performing the geographically weighted regression analysis
library(spgwr)
## Warning: package 'spgwr' was built under R version 4.4.3
## Loading required package: sp
## Loading required package: spData
## To access larger datasets in this package, install the spDataLarge
## package with: `install.packages('spDataLarge',
## repos='https://nowosad.github.io/drat/', type='source')`
## NOTE: This package does not constitute approval of GWR
## as a method of spatial analysis; see example(gwr)
The first step towards calculating the number of electric vehicle drivers visiting Virginia’s 362 most popular tourism destinations was to estimate the total number of electric vehicle drivers visiting Virginia each year. This project initially focused on the results of the Longwoods International survey to provide the annual estimation of electric vehicle drivers visiting Virginia. This survey found that 4,436,000 EV drivers, or 4% of visitors traveled to Virginia in 2023 by an electric vehicle. With 1.7 million of overnight visitors to Virginia drove EVs during their trip and approximately 73% of overnight visitors driving EV were from out state. This result provided useful metrics to compare the 2023 trends of tourists but could not provide estimate for years outside of this survey. To create a temporal understanding of electric vehicle tourists in Virginia this project utilized the Alternative Fuel Data Centers collection of EV vehicle registrations to determine the percentage of electric vehicles on the road for the 2019-2024.
# Step 1. Reading in data
# reading the 362 tourism point data into the project
tourism_pois <- read_csv("C:\\GEOG588\\final-project\\data\\VTC_POIs_2019-2024.csv")
## Rows: 362 Columns: 11
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (4): POI Name, Category, Locality, Region
## dbl (2): Latitude, Longitude
## num (5): 2019 Sample, 2021 Sample, 2022 Sample, 2023 Sample, 2024 Sample
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
# creating a spatial version of the tourism points for mapping later. Using the lat and long fields to create geometry object
tourism_points <- st_as_sf(x = tourism_pois,
coords = c("Longitude", "Latitude"),
crs = 4326)
# reading in electric vehicle registration percentages between 2019-2023
ev_reg_2019_2023 <- read.csv(file="C:\\GEOG588\\final-project\\data\\EV_registrations_2019-2023.csv")
# reading in boundary of Virginia for mapping later
va_boundary <- read.csv(file = "C:/GEOG588/Week4/data/gis___virginia_county_boundaries_20240318.csv")
# creating geometry object for Virginia county polygons
va_counties <- st_as_sf(x = va_boundary,
wkt = ("the_geom"),
crs = 4326)
# weighted percentages of ev registrations, using 30% as metric for instate ev travlers and 70% for out of state travels using national ev registration percentage
ev_reg_2019_2023 <- ev_reg_2019_2023 %>%
mutate(weighted_reg_perc = (VA.EV_registration*.30) + (National.EV.Registration.Trend * .70))
# this registration data was used to estimate how many tourists were driving EVs at Virginia's Tourism POIs
head(ev_reg_2019_2023)
## Year VA.EV_registration National.EV.Registration.Trend weighted_reg_perc
## 1 2019 0.1929633 0.2834418 0.2562982
## 2 2020 0.2663306 0.3661168 0.3361809
## 3 2021 0.4032258 0.5177971 0.4834257
## 4 2022 0.7406341 0.8614541 0.8252081
## 5 2023 1.0992426 1.2385731 1.1967739
## 6 2024 NA NA NA
# assigning the weighted percentages of EV registrations to values for each year. 2020 was excluded as the COVID pandemic impacted tourism visitations and would skew this research
EV_reg_2019_percent <- 0.2562982
EV_reg_2021_percent <- 0.4834257
EV_reg_2022_percent <- 0.8252081
EV_reg_2023_percent <- 1.1967739
EV_reg_2024_estimate <- 1.2
# Step 2. Calculate electric vehicle registration percentage with tourism pois visitor data to estimate percent of EV visitors annually 2019-2023
# while 2024 visitor data by tourism poi was provided, vehicle registration and survey data was not yet available at the time of this report.
ev_tourism_pois <- tourism_pois %>%
mutate(`EV_2019` = `2019 Sample` * as.numeric(EV_reg_2019_percent / 100)) %>%
mutate(`EV_2021` = `2021 Sample` * as.numeric(EV_reg_2021_percent / 100)) %>%
mutate(`EV_2022` = `2022 Sample` * as.numeric(EV_reg_2022_percent / 100)) %>%
mutate(`EV_2023` = `2023 Sample` * as.numeric(EV_reg_2023_percent / 100)) %>%
mutate(`EV_2024` = `2024 Sample` * as.numeric(EV_reg_2024_estimate / 100)) %>%
mutate(
`EV_2019` = replace_na(`EV_2019`, 0),
`EV_2021` = replace_na(`EV_2021`, 0),
`EV_2022` = replace_na(`EV_2022`, 0),
`EV_2023` = replace_na(`EV_2023`, 0),
`EV_2024` = replace_na(`EV_2024`, 0)
)
# keep in mind that NA in the tourism_poi dataset indicates that location was not tracking visitor data during those years
# Step 3. Create a 2023 tourism profile iinformed by the results of the Longwoods International survey data
# The total number of tourists and ev tourists for Virginia from 2023 (source Longwoods International Survey)
va_visitor_total_LI <- 110900000
# The total number of tourists driving electric vehicle in 2023 based on Longwoods International Survey
ev_visitor_total_LI <- 4436000
# Longwoods International survey estimated that 4% of 2023 tourists in Virginia drove electric vehicles
Ev_visitor_percentage_2023 <- (ev_visitor_total_LI / va_visitor_total_LI) * 100
tourism_pois <- tourism_pois %>%
mutate(`2023_survey_profile` = `2023 Sample` * Ev_visitor_percentage_2023) %>%
mutate(`Locality` = str_to_title(Locality))
# merge the tourism economic impact of the region to the tourism POIs
# variables for tourism revenue by locality
tourism_revenue_localities_2019_to_2023 <- read_csv("C:\\GEOG588\\final-project\\data\\Visitor_Economic_Impacts_Virginia_Localities_2019_2023.csv")
## Rows: 134 Columns: 17
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (17): Locality, Region, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, ...
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
# cleaning tourism revenue by locality to create numeric values
ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality <- tourism_revenue_localities_2019_to_2023 %>%
# parse number extracts the number and removes the "$" symbol allowing numeric operations to be conducted on the revenue values
mutate(`2023` = parse_number(`2023`))%>%
mutate(`2022` = parse_number(`2022`)) %>%
mutate(`2021` = parse_number(`2021`)) %>%
mutate(`2020` = parse_number(`2020`)) %>%
mutate(`2019` = parse_number(`2019`)) %>%
mutate(Locality = str_to_title(Locality))
ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality <- ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality[-nrow(ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality), ]
ev_tourism_revenue_pois <- merge(x = ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality, y = tourism_pois, by = "Locality")
ev_tourism_revenue_pois %>%
# Making the locality field title case instead of all caps
mutate(Locality = str_to_title(Locality))
## Locality Region.x 2016
## 1 Accomack Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $117.8
## 2 Accomack Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $117.8
## 3 Accomack Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $117.8
## 4 Accomack Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $117.8
## 5 Albemarle Central Virginia $378.7
## 6 Albemarle Central Virginia $378.7
## 7 Albemarle Central Virginia $378.7
## 8 Albemarle Central Virginia $378.7
## 9 Albemarle Central Virginia $378.7
## 10 Albemarle Central Virginia $378.7
## 11 Albemarle Central Virginia $378.7
## 12 Alexandria City Northern Virginia $770.4
## 13 Alexandria City Northern Virginia $770.4
## 14 Alexandria City Northern Virginia $770.4
## 15 Alexandria City Northern Virginia $770.4
## 16 Alexandria City Northern Virginia $770.4
## 17 Alexandria City Northern Virginia $770.4
## 18 Amelia Central Virginia $5.1
## 19 Appomattox Central Virginia $15.2
## 20 Arlington Northern Virginia $3,836.7
## 21 Arlington Northern Virginia $3,836.7
## 22 Arlington Northern Virginia $3,836.7
## 23 Arlington Northern Virginia $3,836.7
## 24 Arlington Northern Virginia $3,836.7
## 25 Augusta Shenandoah Valley $100.3
## 26 Augusta Shenandoah Valley $100.3
## 27 Bath Virginia Mountains $84.7
## 28 Bedford Virginia Mountains $53.4
## 29 Bedford Virginia Mountains $53.4
## 30 Bedford Virginia Mountains $53.4
## 31 Bland Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $4.0
## 32 Bristol City Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $63.5
## 33 Bristol City Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $63.5
## 34 Bristol City Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $63.5
## 35 Bristol City Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $63.5
## 36 Buchanan Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $11.6
## 37 Buckingham Central Virginia $6.6
## 38 Buena Vista City Shenandoah Valley $5.8
## 39 Caroline Northern Virginia $37.2
## 40 Carroll Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $37.9
## 41 Charles City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $5.0
## 42 Charlottesville City Central Virginia $307.9
## 43 Charlottesville City Central Virginia $307.9
## 44 Charlottesville City Central Virginia $307.9
## 45 Charlottesville City Central Virginia $307.9
## 46 Charlottesville City Central Virginia $307.9
## 47 Charlottesville City Central Virginia $307.9
## 48 Charlottesville City Central Virginia $307.9
## 49 Chesapeake City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $375.1
## 50 Chesapeake City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $375.1
## 51 Chesapeake City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $375.1
## 52 Chesapeake City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $375.1
## 53 Chesapeake City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $375.1
## 54 Chesapeake City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $375.1
## 55 Chesterfield Central Virginia $483.1
## 56 Chesterfield Central Virginia $483.1
## 57 Chesterfield Central Virginia $483.1
## 58 Chesterfield Central Virginia $483.1
## 59 Chesterfield Central Virginia $483.1
## 60 Chesterfield Central Virginia $483.1
## 61 Chesterfield Central Virginia $483.1
## 62 Clarke Shenandoah Valley $14.4
## 63 Clarke Shenandoah Valley $14.4
## 64 Colonial Heights City Central Virginia $79.1
## 65 Covington City Virginia Mountains $17.2
## 66 Craig Virginia Mountains $3.0
## 67 Culpeper Northern Virginia $51.0
## 68 Cumberland Central Virginia $2.6
## 69 Danville City Southern Virginia $91.1
## 70 Danville City Southern Virginia $91.1
## 71 Dickenson Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $12.1
## 72 Dinwiddie Central Virginia $20.7
## 73 Dinwiddie Central Virginia $20.7
## 74 Dinwiddie Central Virginia $20.7
## 75 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 76 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 77 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 78 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 79 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 80 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 81 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 82 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 83 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 84 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 85 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 86 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 87 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 88 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 89 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 90 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 91 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 92 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 93 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 94 Fairfax Northern Virginia $3,148.7
## 95 Fauquier Northern Virginia $138.9
## 96 Fauquier Northern Virginia $138.9
## 97 Fauquier Northern Virginia $138.9
## 98 Floyd Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $15.0
## 99 Franklin Virginia Mountains $50.3
## 100 Franklin Virginia Mountains $50.3
## 101 Franklin Virginia Mountains $50.3
## 102 Frederick Shenandoah Valley $126.3
## 103 Frederick Shenandoah Valley $126.3
## 104 Fredericksburg City Northern Virginia $140.0
## 105 Fredericksburg City Northern Virginia $140.0
## 106 Fredericksburg City Northern Virginia $140.0
## 107 Fredericksburg City Northern Virginia $140.0
## 108 Fredericksburg City Northern Virginia $140.0
## 109 Fredericksburg City Northern Virginia $140.0
## 110 Giles Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $25.5
## 111 Gloucester Chesapeake Bay $33.2
## 112 Gloucester Chesapeake Bay $33.2
## 113 Gloucester Chesapeake Bay $33.2
## 114 Grayson Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $9.0
## 115 Grayson Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $9.0
## 116 Greensville Southern Virginia $21.7
## 117 Halifax Southern Virginia $40.9
## 118 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 119 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 120 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 121 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 122 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 123 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 124 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 125 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 126 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 127 Hampton City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $192.6
## 128 Hanover Central Virginia $174.1
## 129 Hanover Central Virginia $174.1
## 130 Hanover Central Virginia $174.1
## 131 Hanover Central Virginia $174.1
## 132 Harrisonburg City Shenandoah Valley $170.1
## 133 Harrisonburg City Shenandoah Valley $170.1
## 134 Harrisonburg City Shenandoah Valley $170.1
## 135 Henrico Central Virginia $1,321.9
## 136 Henrico Central Virginia $1,321.9
## 137 Henrico Central Virginia $1,321.9
## 138 Henrico Central Virginia $1,321.9
## 139 Henrico Central Virginia $1,321.9
## 140 Henry Southern Virginia $31.9
## 141 Henry Southern Virginia $31.9
## 142 Hopewell City Central Virginia $35.0
## 143 Hopewell City Central Virginia $35.0
## 144 Isle Of Wight Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $37.9
## 145 James City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $459.8
## 146 James City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $459.8
## 147 James City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $459.8
## 148 James City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $459.8
## 149 James City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $459.8
## 150 James City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $459.8
## 151 James City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $459.8
## 152 King George Chesapeake Bay $25.7
## 153 King William Chesapeake Bay $18.2
## 154 Lancaster Chesapeake Bay $51.5
## 155 Lancaster Chesapeake Bay $51.5
## 156 Lancaster Chesapeake Bay $51.5
## 157 Lee Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $21.3
## 158 Lexington City Shenandoah Valley $39.5
## 159 Lexington City Shenandoah Valley $39.5
## 160 Lexington City Shenandoah Valley $39.5
## 161 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 162 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 163 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 164 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 165 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 166 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 167 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 168 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 169 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 170 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 171 Loudoun Northern Virginia $3,326.1
## 172 Lynchburg City Central Virginia $200.2
## 173 Lynchburg City Central Virginia $200.2
## 174 Lynchburg City Central Virginia $200.2
## 175 Lynchburg City Central Virginia $200.2
## 176 Lynchburg City Central Virginia $200.2
## 177 Manassas City Northern Virginia $45.3
## 178 Manassas City Northern Virginia $45.3
## 179 Manassas Park City Northern Virginia $5.5
## 180 Martinsville City Southern Virginia $24.3
## 181 Martinsville City Southern Virginia $24.3
## 182 Mathews Chesapeake Bay $13.3
## 183 Mecklenburg Southern Virginia $68.7
## 184 Mecklenburg Southern Virginia $68.7
## 185 Mecklenburg Southern Virginia $68.7
## 186 Mecklenburg Southern Virginia $68.7
## 187 Montgomery Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $186.3
## 188 Montgomery Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $186.3
## 189 Montgomery Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $186.3
## 190 Montgomery Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $186.3
## 191 Nelson Central Virginia $70.6
## 192 Nelson Central Virginia $70.6
## 193 Nelson Central Virginia $70.6
## 194 Nelson Central Virginia $70.6
## 195 Nelson Central Virginia $70.6
## 196 Nelson Central Virginia $70.6
## 197 Nelson Central Virginia $70.6
## 198 New Kent Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $20.3
## 199 New Kent Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $20.3
## 200 New Kent Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $20.3
## 201 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 202 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 203 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 204 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 205 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 206 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 207 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 208 Newport News City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $281.3
## 209 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 210 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 211 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 212 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 213 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 214 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 215 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 216 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 217 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 218 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 219 Norfolk City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $909.6
## 220 Northampton Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $43.2
## 221 Northampton Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $43.2
## 222 Northampton Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $43.2
## 223 Northampton Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore $43.2
## 224 Norton City Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $13.9
## 225 Orange Central Virginia $42.2
## 226 Page Shenandoah Valley $79.6
## 227 Page Shenandoah Valley $79.6
## 228 Page Shenandoah Valley $79.6
## 229 Page Shenandoah Valley $79.6
## 230 Patrick Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $19.7
## 231 Patrick Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $19.7
## 232 Petersburg City Central Virginia $35.3
## 233 Petersburg City Central Virginia $35.3
## 234 Petersburg City Central Virginia $35.3
## 235 Pittsylvania Southern Virginia $21.5
## 236 Portsmouth City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $57.1
## 237 Powhatan Central Virginia $16.4
## 238 Prince Edward Central Virginia $34.5
## 239 Prince Edward Central Virginia $34.5
## 240 Prince Edward Central Virginia $34.5
## 241 Prince George Central Virginia $63.4
## 242 Prince William Northern Virginia $601.1
## 243 Prince William Northern Virginia $601.1
## 244 Prince William Northern Virginia $601.1
## 245 Prince William Northern Virginia $601.1
## 246 Prince William Northern Virginia $601.1
## 247 Prince William Northern Virginia $601.1
## 248 Pulaski Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $65.1
## 249 Pulaski Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $65.1
## 250 Radford City Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $19.9
## 251 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 252 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 253 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 254 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 255 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 256 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 257 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 258 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 259 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 260 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 261 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 262 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 263 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 264 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 265 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 266 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 267 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 268 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 269 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 270 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 271 Richmond City Central Virginia $712.2
## 272 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 273 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 274 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 275 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 276 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 277 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 278 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 279 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 280 Roanoke Virginia Mountains $94.3
## 281 Roanoke City Virginia Mountains $381.4
## 282 Roanoke City Virginia Mountains $381.4
## 283 Roanoke City Virginia Mountains $381.4
## 284 Roanoke City Virginia Mountains $381.4
## 285 Roanoke City Virginia Mountains $381.4
## 286 Roanoke City Virginia Mountains $381.4
## 287 Rockbridge Shenandoah Valley $131.7
## 288 Rockbridge Shenandoah Valley $131.7
## 289 Rockbridge Shenandoah Valley $131.7
## 290 Rockbridge Shenandoah Valley $131.7
## 291 Rockbridge Shenandoah Valley $131.7
## 292 Rockingham Shenandoah Valley $128.9
## 293 Rockingham Shenandoah Valley $128.9
## 294 Rockingham Shenandoah Valley $128.9
## 295 Rockingham Shenandoah Valley $128.9
## 296 Rockingham Shenandoah Valley $128.9
## 297 Rockingham Shenandoah Valley $128.9
## 298 Russell Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $17.1
## 299 Salem City Virginia Mountains $74.5
## 300 Salem City Virginia Mountains $74.5
## 301 Scott Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $26.1
## 302 Shenandoah Shenandoah Valley $114.9
## 303 Shenandoah Shenandoah Valley $114.9
## 304 Shenandoah Shenandoah Valley $114.9
## 305 Smyth Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $22.6
## 306 Spotsylvania Northern Virginia $159.7
## 307 Spotsylvania Northern Virginia $159.7
## 308 Spotsylvania Northern Virginia $159.7
## 309 Spotsylvania Northern Virginia $159.7
## 310 Stafford Northern Virginia $161.4
## 311 Staunton City Shenandoah Valley $51.7
## 312 Staunton City Shenandoah Valley $51.7
## 313 Surry Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $3.2
## 314 Tazewell Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $42.0
## 315 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 316 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 317 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 318 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 319 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 320 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 321 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 322 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 323 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 324 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 325 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 326 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 327 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 328 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 329 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 330 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 331 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 332 Virginia Beach City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $1,484.3
## 333 Warren Shenandoah Valley $63.4
## 334 Washington Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $94.6
## 335 Waynesboro City Shenandoah Valley $55.1
## 336 Westmoreland Chesapeake Bay $34.9
## 337 Westmoreland Chesapeake Bay $34.9
## 338 Westmoreland Chesapeake Bay $34.9
## 339 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 340 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 341 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 342 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 343 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 344 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 345 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 346 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 347 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 348 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 349 Williamsburg City Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $405.4
## 350 Winchester City Shenandoah Valley $92.6
## 351 Winchester City Shenandoah Valley $92.6
## 352 Winchester City Shenandoah Valley $92.6
## 353 Winchester City Shenandoah Valley $92.6
## 354 Wise Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $54.5
## 355 Wise Southwest Virginia - Heart of Appalachia $54.5
## 356 Wythe Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $103.6
## 357 Wythe Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $103.6
## 358 Wythe Southwest Virginia - Blue Ridge Highlands $103.6
## 359 York Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $253.4
## 360 York Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $253.4
## 361 York Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $253.4
## 362 York Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads $253.4
## 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
## 1 $123.0 $126.3 134.7 118.2 168.5 166.4 179.6
## 2 $123.0 $126.3 134.7 118.2 168.5 166.4 179.6
## 3 $123.0 $126.3 134.7 118.2 168.5 166.4 179.6
## 4 $123.0 $126.3 134.7 118.2 168.5 166.4 179.6
## 5 $394.9 $399.6 429.2 263.5 421.5 511.4 551.3
## 6 $394.9 $399.6 429.2 263.5 421.5 511.4 551.3
## 7 $394.9 $399.6 429.2 263.5 421.5 511.4 551.3
## 8 $394.9 $399.6 429.2 263.5 421.5 511.4 551.3
## 9 $394.9 $399.6 429.2 263.5 421.5 511.4 551.3
## 10 $394.9 $399.6 429.2 263.5 421.5 511.4 551.3
## 11 $394.9 $399.6 429.2 263.5 421.5 511.4 551.3
## 12 $800.0 $832.3 867.2 445.4 613.2 800.7 941.5
## 13 $800.0 $832.3 867.2 445.4 613.2 800.7 941.5
## 14 $800.0 $832.3 867.2 445.4 613.2 800.7 941.5
## 15 $800.0 $832.3 867.2 445.4 613.2 800.7 941.5
## 16 $800.0 $832.3 867.2 445.4 613.2 800.7 941.5
## 17 $800.0 $832.3 867.2 445.4 613.2 800.7 941.5
## 18 $5.3 $5.6 5.7 4.1 4.8 5.1 5.2
## 19 $16.1 $17.0 17.1 13.7 17.2 18.6 19.2
## 20 $4,013.5 $4,184.2 4404.3 1905.8 2834.8 3859.8 4494.1
## 21 $4,013.5 $4,184.2 4404.3 1905.8 2834.8 3859.8 4494.1
## 22 $4,013.5 $4,184.2 4404.3 1905.8 2834.8 3859.8 4494.1
## 23 $4,013.5 $4,184.2 4404.3 1905.8 2834.8 3859.8 4494.1
## 24 $4,013.5 $4,184.2 4404.3 1905.8 2834.8 3859.8 4494.1
## 25 $103.9 $109.2 109.3 83.8 123.4 137.1 141.0
## 26 $103.9 $109.2 109.3 83.8 123.4 137.1 141.0
## 27 $87.6 $88.0 85.4 50.5 80.9 87.9 100.0
## 28 $56.3 $61.6 65.7 51.6 66.7 71.4 81.4
## 29 $56.3 $61.6 65.7 51.6 66.7 71.4 81.4
## 30 $56.3 $61.6 65.7 51.6 66.7 71.4 81.4
## 31 $4.3 $4.6 4.8 4.2 5.0 5.1 5.2
## 32 $64.8 $67.8 70.0 54.2 80.8 94.5 157.4
## 33 $64.8 $67.8 70.0 54.2 80.8 94.5 157.4
## 34 $64.8 $67.8 70.0 54.2 80.8 94.5 157.4
## 35 $64.8 $67.8 70.0 54.2 80.8 94.5 157.4
## 36 $11.8 $12.2 12.3 8.7 11.2 11.8 12.4
## 37 $7.0 $7.4 7.7 6.0 7.3 7.6 7.5
## 38 $6.0 $6.1 6.1 4.3 5.8 6.1 6.3
## 39 $40.1 $42.2 44.2 35.1 47.4 52.0 54.9
## 40 $41.4 $43.5 42.0 33.6 46.8 49.9 52.9
## 41 $5.3 $5.5 5.5 5.0 7.2 7.6 7.8
## 42 $311.4 $333.4 349.2 220.8 346.8 392.0 405.9
## 43 $311.4 $333.4 349.2 220.8 346.8 392.0 405.9
## 44 $311.4 $333.4 349.2 220.8 346.8 392.0 405.9
## 45 $311.4 $333.4 349.2 220.8 346.8 392.0 405.9
## 46 $311.4 $333.4 349.2 220.8 346.8 392.0 405.9
## 47 $311.4 $333.4 349.2 220.8 346.8 392.0 405.9
## 48 $311.4 $333.4 349.2 220.8 346.8 392.0 405.9
## 49 $392.3 $414.2 438.1 359.7 466.7 511.5 514.7
## 50 $392.3 $414.2 438.1 359.7 466.7 511.5 514.7
## 51 $392.3 $414.2 438.1 359.7 466.7 511.5 514.7
## 52 $392.3 $414.2 438.1 359.7 466.7 511.5 514.7
## 53 $392.3 $414.2 438.1 359.7 466.7 511.5 514.7
## 54 $392.3 $414.2 438.1 359.7 466.7 511.5 514.7
## 55 $500.1 $532.5 548.3 388.9 535.9 582.6 601.3
## 56 $500.1 $532.5 548.3 388.9 535.9 582.6 601.3
## 57 $500.1 $532.5 548.3 388.9 535.9 582.6 601.3
## 58 $500.1 $532.5 548.3 388.9 535.9 582.6 601.3
## 59 $500.1 $532.5 548.3 388.9 535.9 582.6 601.3
## 60 $500.1 $532.5 548.3 388.9 535.9 582.6 601.3
## 61 $500.1 $532.5 548.3 388.9 535.9 582.6 601.3
## 62 $15.1 $15.8 16.3 11.4 15.0 15.8 13.8
## 63 $15.1 $15.8 16.3 11.4 15.0 15.8 13.8
## 64 $81.7 $86.8 83.6 65.5 96.5 102.8 105.1
## 65 $17.7 $17.6 17.5 11.8 15.6 16.3 17.2
## 66 $3.0 $3.0 3.0 2.4 2.9 2.9 3.1
## 67 $53.4 $56.6 58.9 48.8 64.8 73.5 76.6
## 68 $2.8 $3.0 3.1 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.5
## 69 $91.6 $98.7 103.8 77.8 100.0 112.7 179.8
## 70 $91.6 $98.7 103.8 77.8 100.0 112.7 179.8
## 71 $12.5 $12.6 12.9 9.1 11.4 12.9 13.5
## 72 $20.7 $21.6 21.0 15.9 19.5 20.6 21.0
## 73 $20.7 $21.6 21.0 15.9 19.5 20.6 21.0
## 74 $20.7 $21.6 21.0 15.9 19.5 20.6 21.0
## 75 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 76 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 77 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 78 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 79 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 80 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 81 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 82 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 83 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 84 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 85 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 86 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 87 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 88 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 89 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 90 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 91 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 92 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 93 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 94 $3,309.2 $3,502.3 3657.7 1959.4 2395.4 3075.1 3624.5
## 95 $141.7 $147.2 139.3 95.0 143.3 182.5 182.1
## 96 $141.7 $147.2 139.3 95.0 143.3 182.5 182.1
## 97 $141.7 $147.2 139.3 95.0 143.3 182.5 182.1
## 98 $16.1 $16.4 16.1 11.2 16.3 17.8 18.3
## 99 $52.2 $55.4 56.9 48.5 65.6 67.9 72.2
## 100 $52.2 $55.4 56.9 48.5 65.6 67.9 72.2
## 101 $52.2 $55.4 56.9 48.5 65.6 67.9 72.2
## 102 $130.6 $142.1 143.9 110.1 164.2 179.8 184.6
## 103 $130.6 $142.1 143.9 110.1 164.2 179.8 184.6
## 104 $145.0 $148.5 146.6 94.6 131.5 145.3 151.2
## 105 $145.0 $148.5 146.6 94.6 131.5 145.3 151.2
## 106 $145.0 $148.5 146.6 94.6 131.5 145.3 151.2
## 107 $145.0 $148.5 146.6 94.6 131.5 145.3 151.2
## 108 $145.0 $148.5 146.6 94.6 131.5 145.3 151.2
## 109 $145.0 $148.5 146.6 94.6 131.5 145.3 151.2
## 110 $26.8 $28.4 29.6 21.4 31.8 33.3 35.9
## 111 $35.1 $37.3 39.3 33.1 43.0 43.2 47.3
## 112 $35.1 $37.3 39.3 33.1 43.0 43.2 47.3
## 113 $35.1 $37.3 39.3 33.1 43.0 43.2 47.3
## 114 $9.5 $9.6 10.3 9.8 12.9 13.1 14.5
## 115 $9.5 $9.6 10.3 9.8 12.9 13.1 14.5
## 116 $23.0 $24.4 27.0 20.6 26.4 26.6 27.1
## 117 $43.3 $46.5 46.5 36.8 49.7 53.2 56.6
## 118 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 119 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 120 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 121 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 122 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 123 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 124 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 125 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 126 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 127 $203.5 $208.2 218.8 182.7 268.2 300.6 303.7
## 128 $181.5 $192.8 198.4 132.1 204.2 223.0 229.2
## 129 $181.5 $192.8 198.4 132.1 204.2 223.0 229.2
## 130 $181.5 $192.8 198.4 132.1 204.2 223.0 229.2
## 131 $181.5 $192.8 198.4 132.1 204.2 223.0 229.2
## 132 $179.7 $192.7 207.6 140.7 214.7 239.0 242.2
## 133 $179.7 $192.7 207.6 140.7 214.7 239.0 242.2
## 134 $179.7 $192.7 207.6 140.7 214.7 239.0 242.2
## 135 $1,367.5 $1,487.6 1558.3 926.5 1350.4 1718.2 1876.0
## 136 $1,367.5 $1,487.6 1558.3 926.5 1350.4 1718.2 1876.0
## 137 $1,367.5 $1,487.6 1558.3 926.5 1350.4 1718.2 1876.0
## 138 $1,367.5 $1,487.6 1558.3 926.5 1350.4 1718.2 1876.0
## 139 $1,367.5 $1,487.6 1558.3 926.5 1350.4 1718.2 1876.0
## 140 $33.9 $37.3 34.8 29.8 42.3 45.4 46.9
## 141 $33.9 $37.3 34.8 29.8 42.3 45.4 46.9
## 142 $34.5 $38.6 37.1 29.7 41.1 45.1 47.5
## 143 $34.5 $38.6 37.1 29.7 41.1 45.1 47.5
## 144 $40.5 $41.3 41.3 34.2 46.7 49.6 52.1
## 145 $484.7 $509.7 518.9 335.3 521.9 562.0 601.6
## 146 $484.7 $509.7 518.9 335.3 521.9 562.0 601.6
## 147 $484.7 $509.7 518.9 335.3 521.9 562.0 601.6
## 148 $484.7 $509.7 518.9 335.3 521.9 562.0 601.6
## 149 $484.7 $509.7 518.9 335.3 521.9 562.0 601.6
## 150 $484.7 $509.7 518.9 335.3 521.9 562.0 601.6
## 151 $484.7 $509.7 518.9 335.3 521.9 562.0 601.6
## 152 $27.3 $30.7 33.7 26.0 36.3 36.7 38.7
## 153 $19.1 $20.8 21.7 14.9 19.4 20.4 21.6
## 154 $55.7 $56.2 57.8 49.8 75.3 77.1 81.3
## 155 $55.7 $56.2 57.8 49.8 75.3 77.1 81.3
## 156 $55.7 $56.2 57.8 49.8 75.3 77.1 81.3
## 157 $21.7 $21.8 21.7 16.8 21.9 21.8 22.2
## 158 $39.9 $42.2 44.0 30.8 52.8 62.8 64.8
## 159 $39.9 $42.2 44.0 30.8 52.8 62.8 64.8
## 160 $39.9 $42.2 44.0 30.8 52.8 62.8 64.8
## 161 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 162 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 163 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 164 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 165 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 166 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 167 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 168 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 169 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 170 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 171 $3,571.2 $3,777.7 3945.8 1888.6 3040.8 4013.8 4516.9
## 172 $199.6 $214.4 206.2 159.8 217.7 240.0 255.1
## 173 $199.6 $214.4 206.2 159.8 217.7 240.0 255.1
## 174 $199.6 $214.4 206.2 159.8 217.7 240.0 255.1
## 175 $199.6 $214.4 206.2 159.8 217.7 240.0 255.1
## 176 $199.6 $214.4 206.2 159.8 217.7 240.0 255.1
## 177 $46.2 $46.3 46.2 34.5 54.0 60.4 60.5
## 178 $46.2 $46.3 46.2 34.5 54.0 60.4 60.5
## 179 $5.6 $4.9 4.7 3.1 4.0 4.1 4.6
## 180 $24.4 $25.4 26.0 20.2 24.6 25.0 25.9
## 181 $24.4 $25.4 26.0 20.2 24.6 25.0 25.9
## 182 $13.8 $13.9 14.4 13.6 16.7 17.6 18.2
## 183 $71.2 $73.2 78.4 72.6 100.7 106.2 115.0
## 184 $71.2 $73.2 78.4 72.6 100.7 106.2 115.0
## 185 $71.2 $73.2 78.4 72.6 100.7 106.2 115.0
## 186 $71.2 $73.2 78.4 72.6 100.7 106.2 115.0
## 187 $193.2 $209.7 222.1 145.9 237.6 275.9 279.6
## 188 $193.2 $209.7 222.1 145.9 237.6 275.9 279.6
## 189 $193.2 $209.7 222.1 145.9 237.6 275.9 279.6
## 190 $193.2 $209.7 222.1 145.9 237.6 275.9 279.6
## 191 $73.6 $75.3 79.5 65.0 83.0 86.4 90.9
## 192 $73.6 $75.3 79.5 65.0 83.0 86.4 90.9
## 193 $73.6 $75.3 79.5 65.0 83.0 86.4 90.9
## 194 $73.6 $75.3 79.5 65.0 83.0 86.4 90.9
## 195 $73.6 $75.3 79.5 65.0 83.0 86.4 90.9
## 196 $73.6 $75.3 79.5 65.0 83.0 86.4 90.9
## 197 $73.6 $75.3 79.5 65.0 83.0 86.4 90.9
## 198 $21.2 $23.5 25.0 19.9 27.9 29.9 29.4
## 199 $21.2 $23.5 25.0 19.9 27.9 29.9 29.4
## 200 $21.2 $23.5 25.0 19.9 27.9 29.9 29.4
## 201 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 202 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 203 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 204 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 205 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 206 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 207 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 208 $292.2 $310.6 336.0 220.5 302.2 333.4 332.9
## 209 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 210 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 211 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 212 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 213 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 214 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 215 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 216 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 217 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 218 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 219 $965.8 $1,051.7 1152.1 726.9 1126.6 1344.2 1435.0
## 220 $42.4 $44.6 48.5 41.2 68.3 66.0 68.3
## 221 $42.4 $44.6 48.5 41.2 68.3 66.0 68.3
## 222 $42.4 $44.6 48.5 41.2 68.3 66.0 68.3
## 223 $42.4 $44.6 48.5 41.2 68.3 66.0 68.3
## 224 $13.9 $14.7 15.3 11.1 14.5 15.5 13.0
## 225 $42.6 $46.3 45.6 37.6 50.5 52.8 54.4
## 226 $81.4 $87.2 90.1 72.9 111.1 108.1 108.7
## 227 $81.4 $87.2 90.1 72.9 111.1 108.1 108.7
## 228 $81.4 $87.2 90.1 72.9 111.1 108.1 108.7
## 229 $81.4 $87.2 90.1 72.9 111.1 108.1 108.7
## 230 $20.6 $22.2 21.5 17.3 22.2 23.0 25.6
## 231 $20.6 $22.2 21.5 17.3 22.2 23.0 25.6
## 232 $36.2 $35.5 37.8 30.6 39.3 41.2 41.1
## 233 $36.2 $35.5 37.8 30.6 39.3 41.2 41.1
## 234 $36.2 $35.5 37.8 30.6 39.3 41.2 41.1
## 235 $23.3 $23.3 25.0 21.4 28.8 31.5 35.6
## 236 $58.5 $58.9 61.4 37.0 58.3 63.3 138.3
## 237 $17.6 $19.3 20.1 13.8 17.9 19.4 20.3
## 238 $36.1 $40.3 43.2 33.9 52.9 56.4 57.0
## 239 $36.1 $40.3 43.2 33.9 52.9 56.4 57.0
## 240 $36.1 $40.3 43.2 33.9 52.9 56.4 57.0
## 241 $65.7 $71.4 71.3 64.2 97.6 104.2 105.2
## 242 $608.2 $645.4 650.3 452.4 619.2 674.3 753.9
## 243 $608.2 $645.4 650.3 452.4 619.2 674.3 753.9
## 244 $608.2 $645.4 650.3 452.4 619.2 674.3 753.9
## 245 $608.2 $645.4 650.3 452.4 619.2 674.3 753.9
## 246 $608.2 $645.4 650.3 452.4 619.2 674.3 753.9
## 247 $608.2 $645.4 650.3 452.4 619.2 674.3 753.9
## 248 $66.2 $70.3 74.1 56.4 77.6 81.7 84.5
## 249 $66.2 $70.3 74.1 56.4 77.6 81.7 84.5
## 250 $20.3 $20.9 21.4 13.3 19.1 20.2 23.0
## 251 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 252 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 253 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 254 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 255 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 256 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 257 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 258 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 259 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 260 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 261 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 262 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 263 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 264 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 265 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 266 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 267 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 268 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 269 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 270 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 271 $749.8 $809.3 835.4 464.8 643.5 833.3 908.0
## 272 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 273 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 274 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 275 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 276 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 277 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 278 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 279 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 280 $95.7 $103.3 107.0 79.1 103.6 115.1 123.3
## 281 $393.8 $427.8 439.0 267.8 363.4 471.6 508.3
## 282 $393.8 $427.8 439.0 267.8 363.4 471.6 508.3
## 283 $393.8 $427.8 439.0 267.8 363.4 471.6 508.3
## 284 $393.8 $427.8 439.0 267.8 363.4 471.6 508.3
## 285 $393.8 $427.8 439.0 267.8 363.4 471.6 508.3
## 286 $393.8 $427.8 439.0 267.8 363.4 471.6 508.3
## 287 $135.7 $141.9 142.3 101.0 139.9 147.9 147.7
## 288 $135.7 $141.9 142.3 101.0 139.9 147.9 147.7
## 289 $135.7 $141.9 142.3 101.0 139.9 147.9 147.7
## 290 $135.7 $141.9 142.3 101.0 139.9 147.9 147.7
## 291 $135.7 $141.9 142.3 101.0 139.9 147.9 147.7
## 292 $133.8 $141.7 150.3 123.4 177.7 181.7 200.4
## 293 $133.8 $141.7 150.3 123.4 177.7 181.7 200.4
## 294 $133.8 $141.7 150.3 123.4 177.7 181.7 200.4
## 295 $133.8 $141.7 150.3 123.4 177.7 181.7 200.4
## 296 $133.8 $141.7 150.3 123.4 177.7 181.7 200.4
## 297 $133.8 $141.7 150.3 123.4 177.7 181.7 200.4
## 298 $17.3 $17.8 17.7 12.7 16.6 17.5 18.0
## 299 $74.3 $80.8 83.0 58.2 90.9 112.2 118.0
## 300 $74.3 $80.8 83.0 58.2 90.9 112.2 118.0
## 301 $26.7 $27.4 27.8 19.1 22.5 23.0 23.3
## 302 $119.7 $125.6 127.5 100.8 130.6 138.8 145.4
## 303 $119.7 $125.6 127.5 100.8 130.6 138.8 145.4
## 304 $119.7 $125.6 127.5 100.8 130.6 138.8 145.4
## 305 $22.4 $23.9 25.8 20.6 27.3 28.3 28.6
## 306 $162.6 $169.3 182.2 155.1 212.1 221.3 239.0
## 307 $162.6 $169.3 182.2 155.1 212.1 221.3 239.0
## 308 $162.6 $169.3 182.2 155.1 212.1 221.3 239.0
## 309 $162.6 $169.3 182.2 155.1 212.1 221.3 239.0
## 310 $166.0 $173.8 183.2 144.4 200.0 220.3 224.6
## 311 $51.5 $57.5 66.4 45.2 63.1 77.6 79.2
## 312 $51.5 $57.5 66.4 45.2 63.1 77.6 79.2
## 313 $3.3 $3.5 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.9 3.8
## 314 $42.0 $43.3 44.1 34.8 44.9 47.9 55.2
## 315 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 316 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 317 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 318 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 319 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 320 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 321 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 322 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 323 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 324 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 325 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 326 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 327 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 328 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 329 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 330 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 331 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 332 $1,594.2 $1,692.4 1790.6 1420.1 2121.8 2428.6 2501.4
## 333 $65.5 $68.9 69.7 54.5 77.8 81.5 87.4
## 334 $98.2 $102.5 103.2 76.4 115.2 125.9 127.5
## 335 $57.2 $60.0 60.6 47.3 66.9 73.0 77.8
## 336 $35.1 $36.1 35.9 32.5 37.6 37.6 37.8
## 337 $35.1 $36.1 35.9 32.5 37.6 37.6 37.8
## 338 $35.1 $36.1 35.9 32.5 37.6 37.6 37.8
## 339 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 340 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 341 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 342 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 343 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 344 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 345 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 346 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 347 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 348 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 349 $410.2 $430.2 445.7 228.2 359.7 442.5 459.3
## 350 $95.8 $103.5 106.6 71.7 96.1 107.7 103.5
## 351 $95.8 $103.5 106.6 71.7 96.1 107.7 103.5
## 352 $95.8 $103.5 106.6 71.7 96.1 107.7 103.5
## 353 $95.8 $103.5 106.6 71.7 96.1 107.7 103.5
## 354 $55.4 $55.7 56.3 43.2 54.7 58.0 59.8
## 355 $55.4 $55.7 56.3 43.2 54.7 58.0 59.8
## 356 $108.3 $112.3 114.7 86.5 129.9 144.7 146.3
## 357 $108.3 $112.3 114.7 86.5 129.9 144.7 146.3
## 358 $108.3 $112.3 114.7 86.5 129.9 144.7 146.3
## 359 $263.3 $276.9 280.8 166.4 264.9 292.3 297.5
## 360 $263.3 $276.9 280.8 166.4 264.9 292.3 297.5
## 361 $263.3 $276.9 280.8 166.4 264.9 292.3 297.5
## 362 $263.3 $276.9 280.8 166.4 264.9 292.3 297.5
## percent change 2023 to 2022 percent change 2023 to 2019 share of state 2023
## 1 8.0% 33.3% 0.54%
## 2 8.0% 33.3% 0.54%
## 3 8.0% 33.3% 0.54%
## 4 8.0% 33.3% 0.54%
## 5 7.8% 28.5% 1.65%
## 6 7.8% 28.5% 1.65%
## 7 7.8% 28.5% 1.65%
## 8 7.8% 28.5% 1.65%
## 9 7.8% 28.5% 1.65%
## 10 7.8% 28.5% 1.65%
## 11 7.8% 28.5% 1.65%
## 12 17.6% 8.6% 2.82%
## 13 17.6% 8.6% 2.82%
## 14 17.6% 8.6% 2.82%
## 15 17.6% 8.6% 2.82%
## 16 17.6% 8.6% 2.82%
## 17 17.6% 8.6% 2.82%
## 18 1.4% -8.8% 0.02%
## 19 2.9% 12.2% 0.06%
## 20 16.4% 2.0% 13.48%
## 21 16.4% 2.0% 13.48%
## 22 16.4% 2.0% 13.48%
## 23 16.4% 2.0% 13.48%
## 24 16.4% 2.0% 13.48%
## 25 2.9% 29.0% 0.42%
## 26 2.9% 29.0% 0.42%
## 27 13.8% 17.1% 0.30%
## 28 13.9% 23.8% 0.24%
## 29 13.9% 23.8% 0.24%
## 30 13.9% 23.8% 0.24%
## 31 1.8% 7.1% 0.02%
## 32 66.6% 124.7% 0.47%
## 33 66.6% 124.7% 0.47%
## 34 66.6% 124.7% 0.47%
## 35 66.6% 124.7% 0.47%
## 36 4.7% 0.7% 0.04%
## 37 -1.2% -2.3% 0.02%
## 38 3.0% 2.9% 0.02%
## 39 5.6% 24.2% 0.16%
## 40 5.9% 25.8% 0.16%
## 41 2.7% 43.2% 0.02%
## 42 3.5% 16.2% 1.22%
## 43 3.5% 16.2% 1.22%
## 44 3.5% 16.2% 1.22%
## 45 3.5% 16.2% 1.22%
## 46 3.5% 16.2% 1.22%
## 47 3.5% 16.2% 1.22%
## 48 3.5% 16.2% 1.22%
## 49 0.6% 17.5% 1.54%
## 50 0.6% 17.5% 1.54%
## 51 0.6% 17.5% 1.54%
## 52 0.6% 17.5% 1.54%
## 53 0.6% 17.5% 1.54%
## 54 0.6% 17.5% 1.54%
## 55 3.2% 9.7% 1.80%
## 56 3.2% 9.7% 1.80%
## 57 3.2% 9.7% 1.80%
## 58 3.2% 9.7% 1.80%
## 59 3.2% 9.7% 1.80%
## 60 3.2% 9.7% 1.80%
## 61 3.2% 9.7% 1.80%
## 62 -12.9% -15.4% 0.04%
## 63 -12.9% -15.4% 0.04%
## 64 2.3% 25.8% 0.32%
## 65 6.0% -1.5% 0.05%
## 66 4.6% 0.8% 0.01%
## 67 4.3% 30.2% 0.23%
## 68 10.6% 15.9% 0.01%
## 69 59.5% 73.1% 0.54%
## 70 59.5% 73.1% 0.54%
## 71 5.4% 4.7% 0.04%
## 72 2.0% 0.1% 0.06%
## 73 2.0% 0.1% 0.06%
## 74 2.0% 0.1% 0.06%
## 75 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 76 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 77 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 78 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 79 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 80 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 81 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 82 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 83 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 84 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 85 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 86 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 87 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 88 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 89 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 90 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 91 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 92 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 93 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 94 17.9% -0.9% 10.88%
## 95 -0.2% 30.7% 0.55%
## 96 -0.2% 30.7% 0.55%
## 97 -0.2% 30.7% 0.55%
## 98 2.5% 13.2% 0.05%
## 99 6.3% 26.8% 0.22%
## 100 6.3% 26.8% 0.22%
## 101 6.3% 26.8% 0.22%
## 102 2.6% 28.3% 0.55%
## 103 2.6% 28.3% 0.55%
## 104 4.1% 3.1% 0.45%
## 105 4.1% 3.1% 0.45%
## 106 4.1% 3.1% 0.45%
## 107 4.1% 3.1% 0.45%
## 108 4.1% 3.1% 0.45%
## 109 4.1% 3.1% 0.45%
## 110 7.7% 21.2% 0.11%
## 111 9.4% 20.4% 0.14%
## 112 9.4% 20.4% 0.14%
## 113 9.4% 20.4% 0.14%
## 114 11.0% 40.9% 0.04%
## 115 11.0% 40.9% 0.04%
## 116 1.6% 0.1% 0.08%
## 117 6.4% 21.7% 0.17%
## 118 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 119 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 120 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 121 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 122 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 123 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 124 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 125 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 126 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 127 1.0% 38.8% 0.91%
## 128 2.8% 15.5% 0.69%
## 129 2.8% 15.5% 0.69%
## 130 2.8% 15.5% 0.69%
## 131 2.8% 15.5% 0.69%
## 132 1.4% 16.7% 0.73%
## 133 1.4% 16.7% 0.73%
## 134 1.4% 16.7% 0.73%
## 135 9.2% 20.4% 5.63%
## 136 9.2% 20.4% 5.63%
## 137 9.2% 20.4% 5.63%
## 138 9.2% 20.4% 5.63%
## 139 9.2% 20.4% 5.63%
## 140 3.2% 34.6% 0.14%
## 141 3.2% 34.6% 0.14%
## 142 5.4% 28.0% 0.14%
## 143 5.4% 28.0% 0.14%
## 144 5.1% 26.1% 0.16%
## 145 7.0% 16.0% 1.81%
## 146 7.0% 16.0% 1.81%
## 147 7.0% 16.0% 1.81%
## 148 7.0% 16.0% 1.81%
## 149 7.0% 16.0% 1.81%
## 150 7.0% 16.0% 1.81%
## 151 7.0% 16.0% 1.81%
## 152 5.3% 14.6% 0.12%
## 153 5.7% -0.3% 0.06%
## 154 5.4% 40.6% 0.24%
## 155 5.4% 40.6% 0.24%
## 156 5.4% 40.6% 0.24%
## 157 2.0% 2.4% 0.07%
## 158 3.1% 47.4% 0.19%
## 159 3.1% 47.4% 0.19%
## 160 3.1% 47.4% 0.19%
## 161 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 162 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 163 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 164 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 165 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 166 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 167 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 168 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 169 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 170 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 171 12.5% 14.5% 13.55%
## 172 6.3% 23.7% 0.77%
## 173 6.3% 23.7% 0.77%
## 174 6.3% 23.7% 0.77%
## 175 6.3% 23.7% 0.77%
## 176 6.3% 23.7% 0.77%
## 177 0.2% 31.0% 0.18%
## 178 0.2% 31.0% 0.18%
## 179 10.6% -2.2% 0.01%
## 180 3.7% -0.3% 0.08%
## 181 3.7% -0.3% 0.08%
## 182 3.2% 26.3% 0.05%
## 183 8.3% 46.8% 0.35%
## 184 8.3% 46.8% 0.35%
## 185 8.3% 46.8% 0.35%
## 186 8.3% 46.8% 0.35%
## 187 1.3% 25.9% 0.84%
## 188 1.3% 25.9% 0.84%
## 189 1.3% 25.9% 0.84%
## 190 1.3% 25.9% 0.84%
## 191 5.2% 14.3% 0.27%
## 192 5.2% 14.3% 0.27%
## 193 5.2% 14.3% 0.27%
## 194 5.2% 14.3% 0.27%
## 195 5.2% 14.3% 0.27%
## 196 5.2% 14.3% 0.27%
## 197 5.2% 14.3% 0.27%
## 198 -1.7% 17.6% 0.09%
## 199 -1.7% 17.6% 0.09%
## 200 -1.7% 17.6% 0.09%
## 201 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 202 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 203 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 204 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 205 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 206 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 207 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 208 -0.1% -0.9% 1.00%
## 209 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 210 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 211 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 212 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 213 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 214 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 215 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 216 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 217 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 218 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 219 6.8% 24.6% 4.31%
## 220 3.5% 40.9% 0.20%
## 221 3.5% 40.9% 0.20%
## 222 3.5% 40.9% 0.20%
## 223 3.5% 40.9% 0.20%
## 224 -16.1% -15.1% 0.04%
## 225 3.1% 19.3% 0.16%
## 226 0.5% 20.7% 0.33%
## 227 0.5% 20.7% 0.33%
## 228 0.5% 20.7% 0.33%
## 229 0.5% 20.7% 0.33%
## 230 11.3% 18.9% 0.08%
## 231 11.3% 18.9% 0.08%
## 232 -0.3% 8.6% 0.12%
## 233 -0.3% 8.6% 0.12%
## 234 -0.3% 8.6% 0.12%
## 235 13.0% 42.3% 0.11%
## 236 118.6% 125.3% 0.41%
## 237 4.7% 1.1% 0.06%
## 238 1.2% 32.1% 0.17%
## 239 1.2% 32.1% 0.17%
## 240 1.2% 32.1% 0.17%
## 241 1.0% 47.5% 0.32%
## 242 11.8% 15.9% 2.26%
## 243 11.8% 15.9% 2.26%
## 244 11.8% 15.9% 2.26%
## 245 11.8% 15.9% 2.26%
## 246 11.8% 15.9% 2.26%
## 247 11.8% 15.9% 2.26%
## 248 3.5% 14.0% 0.25%
## 249 3.5% 14.0% 0.25%
## 250 14.1% 7.3% 0.07%
## 251 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 252 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 253 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 254 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 255 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 256 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 257 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 258 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 259 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 260 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 261 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 262 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 263 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 264 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 265 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 266 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 267 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 268 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 269 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 270 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 271 9.0% 8.7% 2.72%
## 272 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 273 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 274 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 275 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 276 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 277 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 278 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 279 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 280 7.1% 15.3% 0.37%
## 281 7.8% 15.8% 1.53%
## 282 7.8% 15.8% 1.53%
## 283 7.8% 15.8% 1.53%
## 284 7.8% 15.8% 1.53%
## 285 7.8% 15.8% 1.53%
## 286 7.8% 15.8% 1.53%
## 287 -0.1% 3.8% 0.44%
## 288 -0.1% 3.8% 0.44%
## 289 -0.1% 3.8% 0.44%
## 290 -0.1% 3.8% 0.44%
## 291 -0.1% 3.8% 0.44%
## 292 10.3% 33.3% 0.60%
## 293 10.3% 33.3% 0.60%
## 294 10.3% 33.3% 0.60%
## 295 10.3% 33.3% 0.60%
## 296 10.3% 33.3% 0.60%
## 297 10.3% 33.3% 0.60%
## 298 2.9% 1.8% 0.05%
## 299 5.2% 42.3% 0.35%
## 300 5.2% 42.3% 0.35%
## 301 1.1% -16.2% 0.07%
## 302 4.7% 14.1% 0.44%
## 303 4.7% 14.1% 0.44%
## 304 4.7% 14.1% 0.44%
## 305 1.2% 10.8% 0.09%
## 306 8.0% 31.2% 0.72%
## 307 8.0% 31.2% 0.72%
## 308 8.0% 31.2% 0.72%
## 309 8.0% 31.2% 0.72%
## 310 2.0% 22.6% 0.67%
## 311 2.0% 19.2% 0.24%
## 312 2.0% 19.2% 0.24%
## 313 -1.7% 3.3% 0.01%
## 314 15.3% 25.3% 0.17%
## 315 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 316 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 317 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 318 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 319 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 320 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 321 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 322 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 323 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 324 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 325 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 326 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 327 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 328 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 329 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 330 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 331 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 332 3.0% 39.7% 7.51%
## 333 7.3% 25.4% 0.26%
## 334 1.3% 23.6% 0.38%
## 335 6.5% 28.2% 0.23%
## 336 0.5% 5.3% 0.11%
## 337 0.5% 5.3% 0.11%
## 338 0.5% 5.3% 0.11%
## 339 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 340 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 341 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 342 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 343 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 344 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 345 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 346 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 347 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 348 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 349 3.8% 3.0% 1.38%
## 350 -3.9% -2.9% 0.31%
## 351 -3.9% -2.9% 0.31%
## 352 -3.9% -2.9% 0.31%
## 353 -3.9% -2.9% 0.31%
## 354 3.1% 6.2% 0.18%
## 355 3.1% 6.2% 0.18%
## 356 1.1% 27.6% 0.44%
## 357 1.1% 27.6% 0.44%
## 358 1.1% 27.6% 0.44%
## 359 1.8% 5.9% 0.89%
## 360 1.8% 5.9% 0.89%
## 361 1.8% 5.9% 0.89%
## 362 1.8% 5.9% 0.89%
## state share 2022 state share 2021 state share 2020 state share 2019
## 1 0.5% 0.67% 0.67% 0.46%
## 2 0.5% 0.67% 0.67% 0.46%
## 3 0.5% 0.67% 0.67% 0.46%
## 4 0.5% 0.67% 0.67% 0.46%
## 5 1.7% 1.67% 1.50% 1.48%
## 6 1.7% 1.67% 1.50% 1.48%
## 7 1.7% 1.67% 1.50% 1.48%
## 8 1.7% 1.67% 1.50% 1.48%
## 9 1.7% 1.67% 1.50% 1.48%
## 10 1.7% 1.67% 1.50% 1.48%
## 11 1.7% 1.67% 1.50% 1.48%
## 12 2.6% 2.43% 2.54% 2.98%
## 13 2.6% 2.43% 2.54% 2.98%
## 14 2.6% 2.43% 2.54% 2.98%
## 15 2.6% 2.43% 2.54% 2.98%
## 16 2.6% 2.43% 2.54% 2.98%
## 17 2.6% 2.43% 2.54% 2.98%
## 18 0.0% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%
## 19 0.1% 0.07% 0.08% 0.06%
## 20 12.7% 11.24% 10.88% 15.15%
## 21 12.7% 11.24% 10.88% 15.15%
## 22 12.7% 11.24% 10.88% 15.15%
## 23 12.7% 11.24% 10.88% 15.15%
## 24 12.7% 11.24% 10.88% 15.15%
## 25 0.5% 0.49% 0.48% 0.38%
## 26 0.5% 0.49% 0.48% 0.38%
## 27 0.3% 0.32% 0.29% 0.29%
## 28 0.2% 0.26% 0.29% 0.23%
## 29 0.2% 0.26% 0.29% 0.23%
## 30 0.2% 0.26% 0.29% 0.23%
## 31 0.0% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%
## 32 0.3% 0.32% 0.31% 0.24%
## 33 0.3% 0.32% 0.31% 0.24%
## 34 0.3% 0.32% 0.31% 0.24%
## 35 0.3% 0.32% 0.31% 0.24%
## 36 0.0% 0.04% 0.05% 0.04%
## 37 0.0% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%
## 38 0.0% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%
## 39 0.2% 0.19% 0.20% 0.15%
## 40 0.2% 0.19% 0.19% 0.14%
## 41 0.0% 0.03% 0.03% 0.02%
## 42 1.3% 1.38% 1.26% 1.20%
## 43 1.3% 1.38% 1.26% 1.20%
## 44 1.3% 1.38% 1.26% 1.20%
## 45 1.3% 1.38% 1.26% 1.20%
## 46 1.3% 1.38% 1.26% 1.20%
## 47 1.3% 1.38% 1.26% 1.20%
## 48 1.3% 1.38% 1.26% 1.20%
## 49 1.7% 1.85% 2.05% 1.51%
## 50 1.7% 1.85% 2.05% 1.51%
## 51 1.7% 1.85% 2.05% 1.51%
## 52 1.7% 1.85% 2.05% 1.51%
## 53 1.7% 1.85% 2.05% 1.51%
## 54 1.7% 1.85% 2.05% 1.51%
## 55 1.9% 2.12% 2.22% 1.89%
## 56 1.9% 2.12% 2.22% 1.89%
## 57 1.9% 2.12% 2.22% 1.89%
## 58 1.9% 2.12% 2.22% 1.89%
## 59 1.9% 2.12% 2.22% 1.89%
## 60 1.9% 2.12% 2.22% 1.89%
## 61 1.9% 2.12% 2.22% 1.89%
## 62 0.1% 0.06% 0.07% 0.06%
## 63 0.1% 0.06% 0.07% 0.06%
## 64 0.3% 0.38% 0.37% 0.29%
## 65 0.1% 0.06% 0.07% 0.06%
## 66 0.0% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%
## 67 0.2% 0.26% 0.28% 0.20%
## 68 0.0% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%
## 69 0.4% 0.40% 0.44% 0.36%
## 70 0.4% 0.40% 0.44% 0.36%
## 71 0.0% 0.05% 0.05% 0.04%
## 72 0.1% 0.08% 0.09% 0.07%
## 73 0.1% 0.08% 0.09% 0.07%
## 74 0.1% 0.08% 0.09% 0.07%
## 75 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 76 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 77 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 78 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 79 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 80 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 81 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 82 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 83 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 84 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 85 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 86 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 87 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 88 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 89 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 90 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 91 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 92 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 93 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 94 10.1% 9.50% 11.19% 12.58%
## 95 0.6% 0.57% 0.54% 0.48%
## 96 0.6% 0.57% 0.54% 0.48%
## 97 0.6% 0.57% 0.54% 0.48%
## 98 0.1% 0.06% 0.06% 0.06%
## 99 0.2% 0.26% 0.28% 0.20%
## 100 0.2% 0.26% 0.28% 0.20%
## 101 0.2% 0.26% 0.28% 0.20%
## 102 0.6% 0.65% 0.63% 0.49%
## 103 0.6% 0.65% 0.63% 0.49%
## 104 0.5% 0.52% 0.54% 0.50%
## 105 0.5% 0.52% 0.54% 0.50%
## 106 0.5% 0.52% 0.54% 0.50%
## 107 0.5% 0.52% 0.54% 0.50%
## 108 0.5% 0.52% 0.54% 0.50%
## 109 0.5% 0.52% 0.54% 0.50%
## 110 0.1% 0.13% 0.12% 0.10%
## 111 0.1% 0.17% 0.19% 0.14%
## 112 0.1% 0.17% 0.19% 0.14%
## 113 0.1% 0.17% 0.19% 0.14%
## 114 0.0% 0.05% 0.06% 0.04%
## 115 0.0% 0.05% 0.06% 0.04%
## 116 0.1% 0.10% 0.12% 0.09%
## 117 0.2% 0.20% 0.21% 0.16%
## 118 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 119 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 120 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 121 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 122 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 123 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 124 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 125 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 126 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 127 1.0% 1.06% 1.04% 0.75%
## 128 0.7% 0.81% 0.75% 0.68%
## 129 0.7% 0.81% 0.75% 0.68%
## 130 0.7% 0.81% 0.75% 0.68%
## 131 0.7% 0.81% 0.75% 0.68%
## 132 0.8% 0.85% 0.80% 0.71%
## 133 0.8% 0.85% 0.80% 0.71%
## 134 0.8% 0.85% 0.80% 0.71%
## 135 5.7% 5.35% 5.29% 5.36%
## 136 5.7% 5.35% 5.29% 5.36%
## 137 5.7% 5.35% 5.29% 5.36%
## 138 5.7% 5.35% 5.29% 5.36%
## 139 5.7% 5.35% 5.29% 5.36%
## 140 0.1% 0.17% 0.17% 0.12%
## 141 0.1% 0.17% 0.17% 0.12%
## 142 0.1% 0.16% 0.17% 0.13%
## 143 0.1% 0.16% 0.17% 0.13%
## 144 0.2% 0.19% 0.20% 0.14%
## 145 1.9% 2.07% 1.91% 1.79%
## 146 1.9% 2.07% 1.91% 1.79%
## 147 1.9% 2.07% 1.91% 1.79%
## 148 1.9% 2.07% 1.91% 1.79%
## 149 1.9% 2.07% 1.91% 1.79%
## 150 1.9% 2.07% 1.91% 1.79%
## 151 1.9% 2.07% 1.91% 1.79%
## 152 0.1% 0.14% 0.15% 0.12%
## 153 0.1% 0.08% 0.08% 0.07%
## 154 0.3% 0.30% 0.28% 0.20%
## 155 0.3% 0.30% 0.28% 0.20%
## 156 0.3% 0.30% 0.28% 0.20%
## 157 0.1% 0.09% 0.10% 0.07%
## 158 0.2% 0.21% 0.18% 0.15%
## 159 0.2% 0.21% 0.18% 0.15%
## 160 0.2% 0.21% 0.18% 0.15%
## 161 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 162 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 163 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 164 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 165 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 166 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 167 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 168 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 169 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 170 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 171 13.2% 12.06% 10.78% 13.58%
## 172 0.8% 0.86% 0.91% 0.71%
## 173 0.8% 0.86% 0.91% 0.71%
## 174 0.8% 0.86% 0.91% 0.71%
## 175 0.8% 0.86% 0.91% 0.71%
## 176 0.8% 0.86% 0.91% 0.71%
## 177 0.2% 0.21% 0.20% 0.16%
## 178 0.2% 0.21% 0.20% 0.16%
## 179 0.0% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%
## 180 0.1% 0.10% 0.12% 0.09%
## 181 0.1% 0.10% 0.12% 0.09%
## 182 0.1% 0.07% 0.08% 0.05%
## 183 0.3% 0.40% 0.41% 0.27%
## 184 0.3% 0.40% 0.41% 0.27%
## 185 0.3% 0.40% 0.41% 0.27%
## 186 0.3% 0.40% 0.41% 0.27%
## 187 0.9% 0.94% 0.83% 0.76%
## 188 0.9% 0.94% 0.83% 0.76%
## 189 0.9% 0.94% 0.83% 0.76%
## 190 0.9% 0.94% 0.83% 0.76%
## 191 0.3% 0.33% 0.37% 0.27%
## 192 0.3% 0.33% 0.37% 0.27%
## 193 0.3% 0.33% 0.37% 0.27%
## 194 0.3% 0.33% 0.37% 0.27%
## 195 0.3% 0.33% 0.37% 0.27%
## 196 0.3% 0.33% 0.37% 0.27%
## 197 0.3% 0.33% 0.37% 0.27%
## 198 0.1% 0.11% 0.11% 0.09%
## 199 0.1% 0.11% 0.11% 0.09%
## 200 0.1% 0.11% 0.11% 0.09%
## 201 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 202 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 203 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 204 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 205 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 206 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 207 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 208 1.1% 1.20% 1.26% 1.16%
## 209 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 210 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 211 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 212 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 213 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 214 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 215 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 216 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 217 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 218 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 219 4.4% 4.47% 4.15% 3.96%
## 220 0.2% 0.27% 0.23% 0.17%
## 221 0.2% 0.27% 0.23% 0.17%
## 222 0.2% 0.27% 0.23% 0.17%
## 223 0.2% 0.27% 0.23% 0.17%
## 224 0.1% 0.06% 0.06% 0.05%
## 225 0.2% 0.20% 0.21% 0.16%
## 226 0.4% 0.44% 0.42% 0.31%
## 227 0.4% 0.44% 0.42% 0.31%
## 228 0.4% 0.44% 0.42% 0.31%
## 229 0.4% 0.44% 0.42% 0.31%
## 230 0.1% 0.09% 0.10% 0.07%
## 231 0.1% 0.09% 0.10% 0.07%
## 232 0.1% 0.16% 0.17% 0.13%
## 233 0.1% 0.16% 0.17% 0.13%
## 234 0.1% 0.16% 0.17% 0.13%
## 235 0.1% 0.11% 0.12% 0.09%
## 236 0.2% 0.23% 0.21% 0.21%
## 237 0.1% 0.07% 0.08% 0.07%
## 238 0.2% 0.21% 0.19% 0.15%
## 239 0.2% 0.21% 0.19% 0.15%
## 240 0.2% 0.21% 0.19% 0.15%
## 241 0.3% 0.39% 0.37% 0.25%
## 242 2.2% 2.46% 2.58% 2.24%
## 243 2.2% 2.46% 2.58% 2.24%
## 244 2.2% 2.46% 2.58% 2.24%
## 245 2.2% 2.46% 2.58% 2.24%
## 246 2.2% 2.46% 2.58% 2.24%
## 247 2.2% 2.46% 2.58% 2.24%
## 248 0.3% 0.31% 0.32% 0.26%
## 249 0.3% 0.31% 0.32% 0.26%
## 250 0.1% 0.08% 0.08% 0.07%
## 251 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 252 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 253 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 254 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 255 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 256 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 257 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 258 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 259 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 260 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 261 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 262 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 263 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 264 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 265 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 266 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 267 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 268 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 269 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 270 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 271 2.7% 2.55% 2.65% 2.87%
## 272 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 273 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 274 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 275 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 276 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 277 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 278 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 279 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 280 0.4% 0.41% 0.45% 0.37%
## 281 1.6% 1.44% 1.53% 1.51%
## 282 1.6% 1.44% 1.53% 1.51%
## 283 1.6% 1.44% 1.53% 1.51%
## 284 1.6% 1.44% 1.53% 1.51%
## 285 1.6% 1.44% 1.53% 1.51%
## 286 1.6% 1.44% 1.53% 1.51%
## 287 0.5% 0.55% 0.58% 0.49%
## 288 0.5% 0.55% 0.58% 0.49%
## 289 0.5% 0.55% 0.58% 0.49%
## 290 0.5% 0.55% 0.58% 0.49%
## 291 0.5% 0.55% 0.58% 0.49%
## 292 0.6% 0.70% 0.70% 0.52%
## 293 0.6% 0.70% 0.70% 0.52%
## 294 0.6% 0.70% 0.70% 0.52%
## 295 0.6% 0.70% 0.70% 0.52%
## 296 0.6% 0.70% 0.70% 0.52%
## 297 0.6% 0.70% 0.70% 0.52%
## 298 0.1% 0.10% 0.10% 0.09%
## 299 0.4% 0.36% 0.33% 0.29%
## 300 0.4% 0.36% 0.33% 0.29%
## 301 0.1% 0.09% 0.11% 0.10%
## 302 0.5% 0.52% 0.58% 0.44%
## 303 0.5% 0.52% 0.58% 0.44%
## 304 0.5% 0.52% 0.58% 0.44%
## 305 0.1% 0.11% 0.12% 0.09%
## 306 0.7% 0.84% 0.89% 0.63%
## 307 0.7% 0.84% 0.89% 0.63%
## 308 0.7% 0.84% 0.89% 0.63%
## 309 0.7% 0.84% 0.89% 0.63%
## 310 0.7% 0.79% 0.82% 0.63%
## 311 0.3% 0.25% 0.26% 0.23%
## 312 0.3% 0.25% 0.26% 0.23%
## 313 0.0% 0.02% 0.02% 0.01%
## 314 0.2% 0.15% 0.17% 0.12%
## 315 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 316 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 317 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 318 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 319 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 320 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 321 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 322 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 323 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 324 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 325 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 326 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 327 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 328 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 329 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 330 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 331 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 332 8.0% 8.41% 8.11% 6.16%
## 333 0.3% 0.31% 0.31% 0.24%
## 334 0.4% 0.46% 0.44% 0.35%
## 335 0.2% 0.27% 0.27% 0.21%
## 336 0.1% 0.15% 0.19% 0.12%
## 337 0.1% 0.15% 0.19% 0.12%
## 338 0.1% 0.15% 0.19% 0.12%
## 339 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 340 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 341 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 342 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 343 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 344 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 345 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 346 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 347 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 348 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 349 1.5% 1.43% 1.30% 1.53%
## 350 0.4% 0.38% 0.41% 0.37%
## 351 0.4% 0.38% 0.41% 0.37%
## 352 0.4% 0.38% 0.41% 0.37%
## 353 0.4% 0.38% 0.41% 0.37%
## 354 0.2% 0.22% 0.25% 0.19%
## 355 0.2% 0.22% 0.25% 0.19%
## 356 0.5% 0.51% 0.49% 0.39%
## 357 0.5% 0.51% 0.49% 0.39%
## 358 0.5% 0.51% 0.49% 0.39%
## 359 1.0% 1.05% 0.95% 0.97%
## 360 1.0% 1.05% 0.95% 0.97%
## 361 1.0% 1.05% 0.95% 0.97%
## 362 1.0% 1.05% 0.95% 0.97%
## POI Name
## 1 Maui Jack's Water Park & KOA Campground
## 2 Virginia Welcome Center at New Church
## 3 Assateague Lighthouse
## 4 Dunne Avenue (Including Eastern shore Railway Museum and Club Bar Caf\xe9)
## 5 King Family Vineyards
## 6 Ivy Creek Natural Area
## 7 Monticello
## 8 Trump Winery
## 9 Pippin Hill Farm & Vineyards
## 10 James Monroe's Highland
## 11 Charlottesville-Albemarle Regional Airport
## 12 Cameron Run Regional Park
## 13 Torpedo Factory Art Center
## 14 Old Town Alexandria Historical District - King Street
## 15 Alexandria Train Station
## 16 Winkler Botanical Preserve
## 17 King Street Metrorail Station
## 18 Amelia Wildlife Management Area
## 19 Appomattox Court House National Historic Park
## 20 Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport
## 21 Arlington National Cemetery
## 22 Ballston Metrorail Station
## 23 Rosslyn Metrorail Station
## 24 US Marine Corps War Memorial
## 25 Grand Caverns
## 26 Natural Chimneys Park and Campground
## 27 Douthat State Park
## 28 Smith Mountain Lake State Park
## 29 Bower Center for the Arts
## 30 National D-Day Memorial
## 31 Virginia Welcome Center at Rocky Gap
## 32 Virginia Welcome Center at Bristol
## 33 Bristol Casino, VA
## 34 Birthplace of Country Music Museum
## 35 Sugar Hollow Park
## 36 Southern Gap Outdoor Adventure/Coal Canyon Trail
## 37 Appomattox Buckingham State Forest
## 38 Glen Maury Park
## 39 Northern Virginia Gateway
## 40 Virginia Welcome Center at Lambsburg
## 41 Shirley Plantation & Upper Shirley Vineyards
## 42 Scott Stadium
## 43 IX Art Park
## 44 Carter Mountain Orchard and Country
## 45 Charlottesville Train Station
## 46 Downtown Mall
## 47 University of Virginia - Lawn & Rotunda
## 48 John Paul Jones Arena
## 49 The Great Bridge Battlefield & Waterways History Foundation
## 50 Great Bridge Lock Park
## 51 Chesapeake Arboretum
## 52 Oak Grove Lake Park
## 53 Northwest River Park
## 54 Greenbrier Mall
## 55 Chesterfield Towne Center
## 56 Henricus Historical Park
## 57 Robious Landing Park
## 58 Metro Richmond Zoo
## 59 Pocahontas State Park
## 60 River City Sportsplex
## 61 Westchester Commons
## 62 Dinosaur Land
## 63 State Arboretum of Virginia at Blandy
## 64 Keystone Antique Truck & Tractor Museum
## 65 Virginia Welcome Center at Covington
## 66 Paint Bank General Store & Swinging Bridge Restaurant
## 67 Culpeper Depot and Museum of History
## 68 Bear Creak Lake State Park
## 69 Anglers Park
## 70 Danville Memorial Park
## 71 Breaks Interstate Park
## 72 Whippernock Campground & Marina
## 73 Virginia Motorsports Park
## 74 Richlands Creamery & Dairy Farm
## 75 George Mason University including Aquatic and Fitness Center
## 76 Vienna Fairfax Metro Station
## 77 Claude Moore Park & Recreation Center
## 78 Mason Neck State Park
## 79 Paradise Springs Winery
## 80 Udvar Hazy Smithsonian Museum
## 81 Fountainhead Regional Park and Bull Run-Occoquan Trail Access
## 82 Eagle Bank Arena
## 83 Tysons Corner Center
## 84 National Museum of the US Army
## 85 George Washington's Mount Vernon
## 86 Bull Run Regional Park
## 87 Wolf Trap National Parks for the Performing Arts
## 88 Main Street Fairfax City including Old Town Square, Fairfax Visitor Center and Historic Courthouse Museum
## 89 Scott's Run Nature Preserve
## 90 The Winery at Bull Run
## 91 Great Falls Park
## 92 Dulles Expo Center
## 93 Meadowlark Botanical Gardens
## 94 Lake Fairfax Park and Water Mine Family Swimmin' Hole
## 95 Sky Meadows State Park
## 96 Great Meadow Equestrian Center
## 97 Barrel Oak Winery and Farm Taphouse
## 98 Floyd Country Store
## 99 Franklin County Speedway
## 100 Bridgewater Marina & Boat Rentals
## 101 Harvester Performance Center and Twin Creeks Distillery
## 102 Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park
## 103 Virginia Welcome Center at Clear Brook
## 104 Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania National Military Park - Marye's Heights/Visitor Center
## 105 Virginia Welcome Center at Fredericksburg
## 106 Fredericksburg Amtrak Station
## 107 Historic Downtown Fredericksburg (Caroline St and William St Corridor, includes Fredericksburg Visitor Center)
## 108 University of Mary Washington
## 109 Publix Virginia Soccer Training Center
## 110 Cascade Falls Trailhead
## 111 Gloucester Point Beach Park
## 112 Beaverdam Park
## 113 Machicomoco State Park
## 114 Grayson Highlands State Parks Visitors Center
## 115 New River Canoe and Campground
## 116 Virginia Welcome Center at Skippers
## 117 Staunton River State Park
## 118 Grandview Nature Preserve & Beach
## 119 Hampton Roads Convention Center
## 120 Sandy Bottom Nature Park
## 121 Hampton Colosseum
## 122 Hampton University
## 123 Boo Williams Sportsplex
## 124 Virginia Air and Space Center
## 125 Buckroe Beach and Park
## 126 Fort Monroe
## 127 The Vanguard Brewpub and Distillery
## 128 Randolph-Macon College
## 129 The Meadow Event Park
## 130 Kings Dominion
## 131 Hanover Tavern
## 132 Bridgeforth Stadium
## 133 James Madison University
## 134 Edith J. Carrier Arboretum
## 135 Short Pump Towne Center
## 136 The Cultural Arts Center
## 137 Glover Park
## 138 Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden
## 139 Hardywood West Creek Brewery
## 140 Philpott Marina/Visitor Center
## 141 Smith River Sports Complex
## 142 Petersburg National Battlefield - City Point Unit
## 143 Hopewell City Marina
## 144 Windsor Castle Park
## 145 Go Ape Zipline and Adventure Park
## 146 Historic Jamestowne
## 147 Warhill Sports Complex
## 148 Jamestown Beach Event Park
## 149 Chickahominy Riverfront Park
## 150 Jamestown Settlement
## 151 Freedom Park
## 152 Caledon State Park
## 153 West Point Boat Ramp and Fishing Pier
## 154 Compass Entertainment
## 155 Belle Isle State Park
## 156 Kilmarnock Town Park
## 157 Spearhead Trails Stone Mountain Trailhead/Leeman Field Park
## 158 Devils Backbone Brewing Company
## 159 Virginia Military Institute & VMI Museum
## 160 Washington and Lee University
## 161 Harpers Ferry Brewery and Adventure Center
## 162 Crooked Run Fermentation
## 163 Dirt Farm Brewing
## 164 Morven Park
## 165 Bluemont Vineyard
## 166 Ashburn Ice House
## 167 Dulles Airport
## 168 Stone Tower Winery
## 169 Philip A. Bolen Memorial Park
## 170 Leesburg Premium Outlets
## 171 Ball's Bluff Battlefield Regional Park
## 172 Liberty Mountain Snowflex Center
## 173 City Stadium Complex
## 174 Lynchburg Regional Airport
## 175 Percival's Island Natural Area and James Center Heritage Trail
## 176 Liberty University
## 177 Manassas National Battlefield Park
## 178 Manassas Train Station
## 179 Manassas Park Community Center
## 180 Martinsville Speedway
## 181 Virginia Museum of Natural History
## 182 Gwynn Island (Including Hole in the Wall restaurant and Gwynn's Island Museum)
## 183 Virginia Welcome Center at Bracey
## 184 Occoneechee State Park
## 185 South Hill Centennial Park
## 186 Lake Gaston Americamps
## 187 Virginia Tech - Campus & Drillfield
## 188 Moss Arts Center
## 189 Hahn Horticulture Garden
## 190 Lane Stadium
## 191 James River State Park
## 192 Blue Mountain Brewery
## 193 Wintergreen Resort
## 194 Veritas Vineyard Winery
## 195 Bold Rock Cider
## 196 Crabtree Falls
## 197 Devils Backbone Brewery
## 198 Ed Allen's Campgrounds
## 199 Rosie's Gaming Emporium & Colonial Downs Race Track
## 200 New Kent Winery
## 201 Christopher Newport University
## 202 Newport News City Center
## 203 James River Fishing Pier and Huntington Beach
## 204 Victoria Landing Park
## 205 King Lincoln Park
## 206 Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport
## 207 Virginia Living Museum
## 208 The Mariners' Museum and Park
## 209 Scope Arena
## 210 Norfolk State University
## 211 Norfolk Waterfront Venues, VA
## 212 Old Dominion University
## 213 Ocean View Beach Park
## 214 Norfolk Premium Outlets
## 215 McArthur Center
## 216 Norfolk International Airport
## 217 Norfolk Botanical Garden
## 218 Virginia Zoo and Lafayette Park
## 219 Chrysler Museum
## 220 The Shanty & Cape Charles Town Marina
## 221 Kiptopeke State Park
## 222 Cape Charles Brewery
## 223 Cape Charles Beach Front
## 224 Flag Rock Recreation Area
## 225 James Madison's Montpelier
## 226 Lake Arrowhead Recreation Park
## 227 Luray Caverns
## 228 Shenandoah National Park - Thornton Gap Entrance
## 229 Big Meadows Lodge & Campground
## 230 Fairy Stone State Park
## 231 Mabry Mill
## 232 Virginia State University
## 233 Petersburg National Battlefield
## 234 Trapezium Brewing Co.
## 235 Olde Dominion Agricultural Complex
## 236 Children's Museum of Virginia
## 237 Powhatan State Park
## 238 Robert Rossa Moton Museum
## 239 Twin Lakes State Park
## 240 Longwood University
## 241 US Army Quartermaster Museum and Army Women's Museum
## 242 Occoquan Harbor & Marina
## 243 Leesylvania State Park
## 244 Jiffy Lube Live
## 245 Belmont Bay Harbor Marina
## 246 National Museum of the Marine Corps
## 247 Potomac Mills
## 248 Mountain to Island Outfitter at RockHouse Marina, VA
## 249 Claytor Lake State Park
## 250 Radford University
## 251 American Civil War Museum - Historic Tredegar
## 252 Ancarrow's Landing & Richmond Slave Trail
## 253 Maymont
## 254 Virginia Museum of History and Culture
## 255 Belle Isle
## 256 Great Shiplock Park & Virginia Capital Trail Richmond Trailhead
## 257 Seigel Center
## 258 Children's Museum of Richmond and Science Museum of Virginia
## 259 Virginia Museum of Fine Arts
## 260 Downtown Richmond
## 261 Black History Museum and Cultural Center of Virginia
## 262 Greater Richmond Convention Center
## 263 Virginia Capitol District
## 264 The Diamond & Arthur Ashe Junior Athletic Center
## 265 Stony Point Fashion Park
## 266 Scotts Addition
## 267 Virginia Holocaust Museum
## 268 Main Street Station
## 269 Richmond International Airport
## 270 Virginia Commonwealth University
## 271 Riverfront Canal Cruises and Canal Walk
## 272 Countryside Sportsplex
## 273 McAfee Knob Trailhead
## 274 Rosie's Gaming Emporium
## 275 Roanoke-Blacksburg Regional Airport
## 276 Explore Park
## 277 Vinton War Memorial
## 278 Virginia Museum of Transportation
## 279 River's Edge Sports Complex
## 280 Rosie's Gaming Emporium
## 281 Elmwood Park
## 282 The Grandin Theatre
## 283 Mill Mountain Star
## 284 Taubman Museum of Art
## 285 O Winston Link & History Museum of Western Virginia
## 286 Mill Mountain Park and Zoo
## 287 Virginia Horse Center
## 288 Natural Bridge State Park
## 289 Natural Bridge Zoo
## 290 Virginia Safari Park
## 291 Caverns at Natural Bridge
## 292 Loft Mountain Campground
## 293 CrossKeys Vineyards
## 294 Massanutten Resort
## 295 Big Run Loop & Doyles River Trailhead
## 296 White Oak Lavender Farm & The Purple Wolf Vineyard
## 297 Shenandoah National Park - Swift Run Gap Entrance
## 298 Clinch River State Park
## 299 Salem Civic Center
## 300 Salem Red Sox
## 301 Natural Tunnel State Park
## 302 Shenandoah Caverns
## 303 Virginia Museum of the Civil War & New Market Battlefield State Historical Park
## 304 Seven Bends State Park
## 305 Hungry Mother State Park
## 306 Lake Anna State Park
## 307 Wilderness Run Vineyard
## 308 Spotsylvania Court House Battlefield
## 309 The Battlefield Country Store
## 310 Smith Lake Park
## 311 Frontier Culture Museum
## 312 Mary Baldwin University
## 313 Chippokes Plantation State Park & Forestry Museum
## 314 Spearhead Jawbone Trailhead
## 315 Cape Henry Lighthouse
## 316 Oceanview Marina
## 317 Virginia Beach Convention Center
## 318 Mount Trashmore Park
## 319 Hampton Roads Soccer Complex
## 320 First Landing State Park Trail Center
## 321 Ocean Breeze Waterpark
## 322 Military Aviation Museum
## 323 Virginia Beach Sports Center
## 324 First Landing Beach and Visitor Center
## 325 Virginia Beach Boardwalk
## 326 Naval Aviation Monument Park
## 327 Virginia Museum of Contemporary Arts
## 328 Princess Anne Athletic Complex
## 329 Virginia Wesleyan University
## 330 Sandbridge Beach
## 331 Virginia Aquarium & Marine Science Center
## 332 Harrison Opera House
## 333 Skyline Caverns
## 334 Virginia Creeper Trailhead - Abingdon
## 335 Wayne Theater
## 336 George Washington Birthplace National Monument
## 337 Beach at Colonial Beach
## 338 Westmoreland State Park
## 339 College Creek Beach
## 340 York River State Park
## 341 Water Country USA
## 342 Duke of Gloucester St / Merchants Square
## 343 Governor's Palace
## 344 The Art Museums of Colonial Williamsburg
## 345 Great Wolf Lodge Williamsburg
## 346 The College of William & Mary
## 347 Williamsburg Premium Outlets
## 348 Busch Gardens Williamsburg
## 349 Colonial Williamsburg Visitor Center
## 350 Kernstown Battlefield
## 351 Shenandoah University
## 352 Museum of the Shenandoah Valley
## 353 Third Winchester Battlefield Park
## 354 The University of Virginia's College at Wise
## 355 Coeburn Front Street E (Spearhead Trail)
## 356 Big Walker Lookout
## 357 Wolfhart House Dinner Theater
## 358 New River Trail State Park
## 359 American Revolution Museum at Yorktown
## 360 Colonial National Historic Park and Yorktown Battlefield Visitor Center
## 361 Moore House
## 362 Watermen's Museum
## Category Region.y
## 1 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 2 Welcome Center / Info Center Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 3 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 4 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 5 Winery Central Virginia
## 6 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 7 History Central Virginia
## 8 Winery Central Virginia
## 9 Winery Central Virginia
## 10 History Central Virginia
## 11 Airport / Transportation Central Virginia
## 12 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 13 History Northern Virginia
## 14 District / Gathering Place / Neighborhood Northern Virginia
## 15 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 16 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 17 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 18 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 19 History Central Virginia
## 20 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 21 History Northern Virginia
## 22 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 23 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 24 History Northern Virginia
## 25 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 26 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 27 Outdoors Virginia Mountains
## 28 Outdoors Virginia Mountains
## 29 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 30 History Virginia Mountains
## 31 Welcome Center / Info Center SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 32 Welcome Center / Info Center SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 33 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 34 Music SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 35 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 36 Outdoors SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 37 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 38 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 39 Welcome Center / Info Center Northern Virginia
## 40 Welcome Center / Info Center SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 41 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 42 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 43 Attraction Central Virginia
## 44 Attraction Central Virginia
## 45 Airport / Transportation Central Virginia
## 46 District / Gathering Place / Neighborhood Central Virginia
## 47 Attraction Central Virginia
## 48 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 49 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 50 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 51 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 52 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 53 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 54 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 55 Attraction Central Virginia
## 56 History Central Virginia
## 57 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 58 Attraction Central Virginia
## 59 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 60 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 61 Attraction Central Virginia
## 62 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 63 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 64 Attraction Central Virginia
## 65 Welcome Center / Info Center Virginia Mountains
## 66 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 67 History Northern Virginia
## 68 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 69 Outdoors Southern Virginia
## 70 Sports Venue Southern Virginia
## 71 Outdoors SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 72 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 73 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 74 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 75 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 76 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 77 Sports Venue Northern Virginia
## 78 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 79 Winery Northern Virginia
## 80 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 81 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 82 Meeting/Convention Venue Northern Virginia
## 83 Retail Northern Virginia
## 84 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 85 History Northern Virginia
## 86 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 87 Music Northern Virginia
## 88 District / Gathering Place / Neighborhood Northern Virginia
## 89 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 90 Winery Northern Virginia
## 91 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 92 Meeting/Convention Venue Northern Virginia
## 93 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 94 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 95 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 96 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 97 Winery Northern Virginia
## 98 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 99 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 100 Outdoors Virginia Mountains
## 101 Music Virginia Mountains
## 102 History Shenandoah Valley
## 103 Welcome Center / Info Center Shenandoah Valley
## 104 History Northern Virginia
## 105 Welcome Center / Info Center Northern Virginia
## 106 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 107 District / Gathering Place / Neighborhood Northern Virginia
## 108 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 109 Sports Venue Northern Virginia
## 110 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 111 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 112 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 113 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 114 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 115 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 116 Welcome Center / Info Center Southern Virginia
## 117 Outdoors Southern Virginia
## 118 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 119 Meeting/Convention Venue Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 120 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 121 Music Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 122 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 123 Sports Venue Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 124 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 125 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 126 Black Travel Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 127 Brewery/Cidery Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 128 Attraction Central Virginia
## 129 Attraction Central Virginia
## 130 Attraction Central Virginia
## 131 History Central Virginia
## 132 Sports Venue Shenandoah Valley
## 133 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 134 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 135 Attraction Central Virginia
## 136 Attraction Central Virginia
## 137 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 138 Attraction Central Virginia
## 139 Brewery/Cidery Central Virginia
## 140 Outdoors Southern Virginia
## 141 Sports Venue Southern Virginia
## 142 History Central Virginia
## 143 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 144 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 145 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 146 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 147 Sports Venue Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 148 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 149 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 150 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 151 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 152 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 153 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 154 Attraction Chesapeake Bay
## 155 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 156 Attraction Chesapeake Bay
## 157 Outdoors SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 158 Brewery/Cidery Shenandoah Valley
## 159 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 160 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 161 Brewery/Cidery Northern Virginia
## 162 Brewery/Cidery Northern Virginia
## 163 Brewery/Cidery Northern Virginia
## 164 History Northern Virginia
## 165 Winery Northern Virginia
## 166 Sports Venue Northern Virginia
## 167 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 168 Winery Northern Virginia
## 169 Sports Venue Northern Virginia
## 170 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 171 History Shenandoah Valley
## 172 Attraction Central Virginia
## 173 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 174 Airport / Transportation Central Virginia
## 175 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 176 Attraction Central Virginia
## 177 History Northern Virginia
## 178 Airport / Transportation Northern Virginia
## 179 Attraction Northern Virginia
## 180 Sports Venue Southern Virginia
## 181 Attraction Southern Virginia
## 182 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 183 Welcome Center / Info Center Southern Virginia
## 184 Outdoors Southern Virginia
## 185 Attraction Southern Virginia
## 186 Outdoors Southern Virginia
## 187 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 188 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 189 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 190 Sports Venue SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 191 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 192 Brewery/Cidery Central Virginia
## 193 Hotel/Lodging Central Virginia
## 194 Winery Central Virginia
## 195 Brewery/Cidery Central Virginia
## 196 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 197 Brewery/Cidery Central Virginia
## 198 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 199 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 200 Winery Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 201 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 202 Retail Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 203 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 204 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 205 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 206 Airport / Transportation Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 207 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 208 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 209 Music Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 210 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 211 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 212 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 213 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 214 Retail Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 215 Retail Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 216 Airport / Transportation Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 217 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 218 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 219 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 220 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 221 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 222 Brewery/Cidery Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 223 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Eastern Shore
## 224 Outdoors SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 225 History Central Virginia
## 226 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 227 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 228 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 229 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 230 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 231 History SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 232 Attraction Central Virginia
## 233 History Central Virginia
## 234 Brewery/Cidery Central Virginia
## 235 Attraction Southern Virginia
## 236 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 237 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 238 History Central Virginia
## 239 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 240 Attraction Central Virginia
## 241 History Central Virginia
## 242 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 243 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 244 Music Northern Virginia
## 245 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 246 History Northern Virginia
## 247 Retail Northern Virginia
## 248 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 249 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 250 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 251 History Central Virginia
## 252 History Central Virginia
## 253 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 254 Attraction Central Virginia
## 255 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 256 Outdoors Central Virginia
## 257 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 258 Attraction Central Virginia
## 259 Attraction Central Virginia
## 260 District / Gathering Place / Neighborhood Central Virginia
## 261 Black Travel Central Virginia
## 262 Meeting/Convention Venue Central Virginia
## 263 History Central Virginia
## 264 Sports Venue Central Virginia
## 265 Retail Central Virginia
## 266 District / Gathering Place / Neighborhood Central Virginia
## 267 Attraction Central Virginia
## 268 Airport / Transportation Central Virginia
## 269 Airport / Transportation Central Virginia
## 270 Attraction Central Virginia
## 271 Attraction Central Virginia
## 272 Sports Venue Virginia Mountains
## 273 Outdoors Virginia Mountains
## 274 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 275 Airport / Transportation Virginia Mountains
## 276 Outdoors Virginia Mountains
## 277 History Virginia Mountains
## 278 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 279 Sports Venue Virginia Mountains
## 280 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 281 Outdoors Virginia Mountains
## 282 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 283 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 284 Attraction Virginia Mountains
## 285 History Virginia Mountains
## 286 Outdoors Virginia Mountains
## 287 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 288 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 289 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 290 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 291 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 292 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 293 Winery Shenandoah Valley
## 294 Hotel/Lodging Shenandoah Valley
## 295 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 296 Winery Shenandoah Valley
## 297 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 298 Outdoors SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 299 Sports Venue Virginia Mountains
## 300 Sports Venue Virginia Mountains
## 301 Outdoors SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 302 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 303 History Shenandoah Valley
## 304 Outdoors Shenandoah Valley
## 305 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 306 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 307 Winery Northern Virginia
## 308 History Northern Virginia
## 309 Retail Northern Virginia
## 310 Outdoors Northern Virginia
## 311 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 312 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 313 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 314 Outdoors SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 315 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 316 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 317 Meeting/Convention Venue Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 318 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 319 Sports Venue Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 320 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 321 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 322 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 323 Sports Venue Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 324 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 325 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 326 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 327 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 328 Sports Venue Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 329 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 330 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 331 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 332 Music Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 333 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 334 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 335 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 336 History Chesapeake Bay
## 337 Attraction Chesapeake Bay
## 338 Outdoors Chesapeake Bay
## 339 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 340 Outdoors Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 341 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 342 District / Gathering Place / Neighborhood Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 343 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 344 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 345 Hotel/Lodging Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 346 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 347 Retail Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 348 Attraction Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 349 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 350 History Shenandoah Valley
## 351 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 352 Attraction Shenandoah Valley
## 353 History Shenandoah Valley
## 354 Attraction SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 355 Attraction SWVA Heart of Appalachia
## 356 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 357 Attraction SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 358 Outdoors SWVA Blue Ridge Highlands
## 359 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 360 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 361 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 362 History Coastal Virginia - Hampton Roads
## 2019 Sample 2021 Sample 2022 Sample 2023 Sample 2024 Sample Latitude
## 1 5542 5300 3061 8346 10021 37.92605
## 2 1642 2560 1774 2904 3108 37.98942
## 3 776 3832 1663 4145 3983 37.91040
## 4 2336 2530 2952 6874 9886 37.78368
## 5 3728 4223 3173 8598 7823 38.06220
## 6 900 1125 1020 1853 1679 38.09101
## 7 8023 8835 6966 11667 11989 38.00868
## 8 1648 2445 1358 4758 4233 37.93942
## 9 2206 2713 2115 5503 5069 37.96167
## 10 1502 1301 1047 1742 1757 37.98237
## 11 23385 13323 16340 33460 34232 38.13944
## 12 4760 3801 2707 7549 10708 38.80489
## 13 8726 7704 5056 10521 9783 38.80488
## 14 113943 88307 99347 230804 326175 38.80426
## 15 17004 14719 14300 29379 29584 38.80639
## 16 5539 4797 4278 6817 16274 38.82847
## 17 18951 15691 16750 27628 29031 38.80720
## 18 1051 1007 1251 3106 2998 37.46343
## 19 6294 13017 14689 39319 36995 37.37750
## 20 625716 271348 422263 784110 867429 38.85175
## 21 106588 86565 93126 146522 144601 38.87649
## 22 15928 10193 11580 22049 25669 38.88200
## 23 12970 5078 6269 11751 13168 38.89581
## 24 25953 22544 23320 27950 39104 38.89046
## 25 962 2419 1406 3423 3448 38.25913
## 26 1467 1467 1075 2293 2529 38.35826
## 27 1475 1612 1144 2732 2688 37.90507
## 28 5781 9229 7080 20379 20634 37.09228
## 29 856 1446 1218 2860 2325 37.33683
## 30 1268 1649 1036 2483 2348 37.33069
## 31 17830 39360 26719 55884 53214 37.20627
## 32 8108 19075 12602 26628 24854 36.59662
## 33 NA NA 1858 3022 2683 36.59744
## 34 697 1161 786 1596 1584 36.59625
## 35 2962 4145 3434 7480 7150 36.64629
## 36 791 1559 1435 3286 3316 37.24519
## 37 4938 12584 12995 29950 29647 37.43805
## 38 2156 2770 2912 6497 6705 37.73358
## 39 31840 54957 42201 87309 78730 37.98099
## 40 23435 49274 35839 73234 68137 36.56411
## 41 2503 1643 1455 3211 3145 37.34186
## 42 12268 13131 14483 40082 41985 38.03024
## 43 5226 5612 5347 10678 10954 38.02622
## 44 5842 9147 7510 26948 24294 37.99174
## 45 6941 4859 5372 10081 10154 38.03145
## 46 47693 38086 45903 100232 114888 38.03039
## 47 12823 12138 12320 27584 27372 38.03540
## 48 11957 4322 10954 14199 15420 38.04608
## 49 1380 2680 2484 6207 5331 36.72120
## 50 955 2000 1805 4475 4392 36.72502
## 51 975 1426 1288 2874 2642 36.74348
## 52 9661 20435 17070 53206 43201 36.75769
## 53 2022 3204 3168 7503 6929 36.58456
## 54 61705 44716 56022 145920 138042 36.77975
## 55 77650 57617 77863 218951 200966 37.50861
## 56 785 1305 1131 2458 2055 37.37408
## 57 1447 2772 2969 8952 8261 37.55749
## 58 4027 6634 4717 9089 8211 37.38328
## 59 10442 14664 18499 47142 46106 37.38785
## 60 7644 15288 15638 44162 39890 37.45478
## 61 49833 37590 56627 163416 153136 37.51319
## 62 1085 3164 2210 5978 5054 39.05999
## 63 1394 1943 1749 4625 4207 39.06434
## 64 2224 3471 4025 6974 6357 37.24849
## 65 4062 9329 5566 11439 11111 37.81040
## 66 900 1265 841 2004 1821 37.56850
## 67 1993 2898 2251 4552 4308 38.47252
## 68 1221 1758 1228 3241 3170 37.52762
## 69 1484 2134 2728 5452 5193 36.55918
## 70 3068 5064 5089 10597 10566 36.57629
## 71 3488 4400 3806 8367 8558 37.28628
## 72 472 1009 994 2752 2698 37.23543
## 73 5191 4558 5112 8409 9457 37.16656
## 74 517 2697 1514 3923 3448 37.13301
## 75 73532 41017 63619 163098 174327 38.83058
## 76 35846 26189 28815 60001 62111 38.87777
## 77 9474 12123 14631 32965 37863 39.01971
## 78 1294 2393 2155 4872 4095 38.64439
## 79 1882 2560 2049 5170 4637 38.76597
## 80 20906 13127 20198 22552 22501 38.91111
## 81 2963 3194 3047 8477 8134 38.72462
## 82 21172 9608 14040 21636 23557 38.82622
## 83 246602 129347 166436 424125 409222 38.91744
## 84 760 2239 3303 4311 4046 38.72319
## 85 31324 25782 27988 41038 41064 38.70802
## 86 19568 22263 27213 68914 65239 38.80104
## 87 20566 10986 10672 25365 29099 38.93693
## 88 NA NA 44206 236255 507228 38.84591
## 89 5738 7269 5275 14169 12425 38.95957
## 90 4436 3234 2658 7215 6578 38.82905
## 91 9207 15222 10900 30958 28120 38.99345
## 92 20607 10004 12826 22252 22561 38.88790
## 93 4839 6207 4936 14738 13224 38.93807
## 94 8173 10126 8765 24485 24788 38.96677
## 95 11788 29428 22619 48540 44592 38.99117
## 96 3095 2162 1919 3713 4325 38.86212
## 97 3846 2358 2056 5475 5517 38.88313
## 98 1098 1547 1096 1955 1793 36.91063
## 99 45 574 510 1700 1930 37.01851
## 100 8738 15082 10782 31911 31731 37.14362
## 101 3017 5421 6045 13994 12746 36.99671
## 102 993 1337 1045 2434 2329 39.02111
## 103 13874 24976 18893 39372 37276 39.24295
## 104 1825 3123 2337 4632 3987 38.29379
## 105 23561 42846 21784 58039 55031 38.31654
## 106 5877 8789 7126 14434 13606 38.29842
## 107 NA NA 43239 203079 398418 38.30326
## 108 17841 15486 21545 55531 64888 38.30128
## 109 2144 3455 4579 13425 11633 38.23918
## 110 718 2725 1453 4289 4008 37.35376
## 111 1348 3150 2768 7862 7656 37.24677
## 112 711 1532 1401 2868 2633 37.44881
## 113 710 1556 1607 2256 2362 37.31294
## 114 659 2716 1500 3768 3106 36.62236
## 115 1224 3786 3304 8202 7609 36.57058
## 116 17778 32549 23960 43686 39951 36.54629
## 117 936 1042 988 2055 2114 36.69379
## 118 1350 1948 1828 4659 4814 37.08299
## 119 10108 9222 10149 13047 14336 37.03766
## 120 28931 51925 44289 121754 111178 37.06248
## 121 8786 6565 10563 14216 14885 37.03475
## 122 52771 29895 34746 76911 86878 37.02214
## 123 4551 5120 6626 11427 10357 37.06015
## 124 2185 2209 1716 2769 3161 37.02411
## 125 9516 14237 11866 31166 32192 37.04026
## 126 2182 5021 4224 9474 10214 37.00207
## 127 4728 2586 3374 6129 6893 37.03121
## 128 12064 17745 19461 40601 42430 37.76343
## 129 10967 14677 19292 36937 35750 37.85247
## 130 66602 50454 44035 94858 107119 37.83983
## 131 1516 1580 1516 3430 3197 37.76245
## 132 8151 11908 11389 28508 30197 38.43532
## 133 71621 56947 73749 189284 248496 38.43596
## 134 2335 4588 3430 8087 7182 38.42895
## 135 123562 90060 119631 328765 297865 37.65598
## 136 1957 1672 2398 4852 4683 37.66735
## 137 3179 6778 6626 19266 17120 37.68087
## 138 7664 7093 7272 18786 17887 37.62081
## 139 3807 4467 4483 9467 8704 37.61547
## 140 744 2129 1854 4704 4468 36.77980
## 141 2855 4264 4687 12716 12569 36.63893
## 142 1095 1814 1780 3813 3809 37.31628
## 143 1357 2139 2000 5606 5239 37.31036
## 144 4644 6957 9456 19089 22035 36.97678
## 145 1413 3150 2208 5635 5372 37.31906
## 146 4722 9428 6235 12520 12106 37.20918
## 147 10139 16973 21753 54038 64743 37.33015
## 148 7328 25552 16672 36702 33635 37.22669
## 149 2845 3813 3321 8266 8011 37.26518
## 150 6767 17434 10680 20290 19330 37.22521
## 151 2789 4094 3531 8856 8544 37.31910
## 152 1177 1159 1029 2222 2077 38.33357
## 153 752 1113 1177 3329 3143 37.54140
## 154 123 2685 2406 4346 3998 37.68941
## 155 1192 1100 975 1858 1914 37.77977
## 156 2140 2740 3170 7733 10089 37.71472
## 157 1303 1445 1841 3470 3457 36.76746
## 158 2363 2692 2610 4695 4490 37.81397
## 159 13455 18464 21246 51181 52170 37.79095
## 160 12011 9924 11564 27228 36065 37.79108
## 161 4642 7162 4947 12026 12034 39.31981
## 162 2061 2583 2464 4647 4571 38.99474
## 163 2067 2385 1945 5939 5315 39.09991
## 164 4239 3919 4569 11241 10644 39.14068
## 165 2884 3579 2749 8171 7321 39.09738
## 166 4354 4495 6850 17831 16909 39.01931
## 167 571270 303685 409354 789198 817889 38.95291
## 168 5237 3830 3967 8549 8316 39.06456
## 169 3938 5898 5380 18300 18882 39.07052
## 170 59366 47573 50673 142539 132732 39.10615
## 171 4338 3737 4242 8858 8642 39.13240
## 172 2157 7426 7594 17480 14535 37.35275
## 173 5230 7722 7092 20136 19374 37.39224
## 174 11873 14094 16018 39948 38364 37.33058
## 175 7585 18569 20041 53619 48500 37.41035
## 176 79454 69515 101792 303657 299987 37.35329
## 177 36646 51720 67613 201672 184300 38.81771
## 178 5177 6945 6633 12870 12721 38.75012
## 179 2023 2406 2351 6317 6244 38.78299
## 180 4918 6035 7390 8919 9730 36.63415
## 181 1340 1920 1966 4005 4126 36.68657
## 182 5817 5050 6575 14374 17582 37.49328
## 183 13769 25706 17738 36820 34908 36.55394
## 184 4550 7584 5985 14522 13807 36.62417
## 185 2284 1546 1655 3504 3666 36.72393
## 186 1964 1835 1976 5451 5993 36.56215
## 187 58040 38024 58828 164788 176233 37.22949
## 188 3561 3422 4141 8013 7710 37.23214
## 189 1208 3910 3149 5130 4784 37.21917
## 190 13364 23565 28161 60043 62023 37.21887
## 191 1256 1324 1145 2684 2694 37.63043
## 192 7393 7910 6583 16065 14287 38.01626
## 193 13049 14132 16666 35205 31295 37.91475
## 194 2730 3397 2509 6315 5837 38.01533
## 195 3603 5646 4476 11104 9841 37.88120
## 196 1480 1373 1550 2746 2517 37.85101
## 197 6188 6987 6107 12334 10868 37.87129
## 198 2511 2537 2603 6040 7358 37.41245
## 199 10126 6861 7801 19002 21560 37.48753
## 200 1432 3046 2551 6295 5216 37.52896
## 201 22996 19734 28712 71282 75652 37.06329
## 202 36719 27233 37015 88528 87174 37.08557
## 203 4947 8527 7090 17542 16882 37.01391
## 204 623 891 900 2129 2011 36.97584
## 205 1059 1255 1451 2898 3002 36.96760
## 206 26197 24526 33162 76909 74931 37.13287
## 207 5368 5706 4802 10911 9712 37.07001
## 208 4530 5118 5109 10904 10511 37.05490
## 209 19979 10159 16840 25786 27933 36.85336
## 210 38445 24094 35674 98089 103070 36.84714
## 211 NA NA 7566 31113 30980 36.84797
## 212 59314 46802 66980 179709 186821 36.88513
## 213 3586 5193 3951 10779 11356 36.95482
## 214 67093 56795 55255 148478 138827 36.88147
## 215 71117 33299 42514 99160 96519 36.84882
## 216 140034 125751 154640 358503 398418 36.89828
## 217 10757 10618 12333 32622 33598 36.90171
## 218 13319 15257 15172 32613 32566 36.87714
## 219 4133 3956 3916 7875 8105 36.85635
## 220 2909 4721 3108 8119 8324 37.26507
## 221 4509 5018 3943 10081 11498 37.17187
## 222 1866 3121 2015 4290 4322 37.26886
## 223 1427 3535 1766 4619 4768 37.26731
## 224 1039 2475 2218 6220 5634 36.92020
## 225 1750 1122 838 1821 1978 38.21791
## 226 374 1004 603 1912 1909 38.63905
## 227 9756 18256 10853 25222 25024 38.66396
## 228 2170 8259 3830 9179 7669 38.66247
## 229 4988 4779 3014 7094 7345 38.52943
## 230 1390 2627 1656 4312 4391 36.79257
## 231 1828 4197 2399 7202 6179 36.75098
## 232 19446 11581 13039 28672 32335 37.23824
## 233 9216 11556 13437 29185 29901 37.22874
## 234 1636 1651 1711 3815 3508 37.23341
## 235 2166 2372 3134 5882 5012 36.86426
## 236 2847 1389 2035 2713 2876 36.83501
## 237 1210 1840 1722 4199 3956 37.68775
## 238 1639 3750 2779 6615 5512 37.29151
## 239 1318 1713 1275 2965 3034 37.17509
## 240 11223 9517 13334 35459 39373 37.29731
## 241 1777 1847 1695 3524 3632 37.24296
## 242 7604 6046 5868 13672 13761 38.66922
## 243 7309 13587 10959 22626 21826 38.59025
## 244 21810 13194 7153 14996 21238 38.78518
## 245 1488 2065 1891 5435 5246 38.65630
## 246 9253 7711 8766 13226 13893 38.54476
## 247 132762 84898 114570 320189 306770 38.64374
## 248 NA NA 589 3093 2953 37.05227
## 249 4297 6539 4487 12246 13082 37.05764
## 250 21476 15031 19847 57568 62770 37.13873
## 251 6347 9275 6738 14948 13882 37.53537
## 252 2188 1340 1602 3186 3861 37.51955
## 253 10743 14202 12532 26204 24680 37.53448
## 254 3727 3679 3391 6472 6495 37.55794
## 255 22175 40708 45848 116537 113595 37.53077
## 256 2237 3562 2977 7094 6554 37.52629
## 257 9572 7151 9957 17348 17835 37.55258
## 258 11100 9663 9706 17366 17176 37.56142
## 259 9840 8725 8989 17978 17736 37.55627
## 260 87743 68651 86199 204976 214072 37.53549
## 261 903 1169 828 2224 1869 37.55009
## 262 16287 15111 19209 28878 25786 37.54541
## 263 14046 9998 12628 26931 27618 37.53860
## 264 24595 17027 15607 26903 30224 37.57195
## 265 36218 22737 26403 61651 60085 37.54908
## 266 82334 72898 92789 224107 224922 37.56877
## 267 1732 1350 1405 2259 2143 37.53117
## 268 6125 5166 5710 9819 10070 37.53512
## 269 136165 105921 137640 290138 293908 37.50839
## 270 142879 58297 82712 216088 231504 37.54824
## 271 12303 19414 15795 31799 29559 37.53339
## 272 3680 5883 6603 15944 15684 37.31157
## 273 1092 3140 2172 5358 4475 37.38004
## 274 2402 3068 4524 10858 20703 37.27098
## 275 23537 19961 21885 47742 44698 37.32069
## 276 2080 3072 2377 7381 6363 37.23833
## 277 1036 1504 1565 2792 2768 37.28113
## 278 1152 1793 1870 3093 2880 37.27296
## 279 3839 4391 3634 9831 9352 37.25294
## 280 3020 3220 4208 7901 20703 37.27098
## 281 8902 9252 10600 25888 28886 37.26788
## 282 1772 1198 1261 2564 2612 37.26549
## 283 3969 9449 6655 16423 14309 37.25086
## 284 5441 7685 6594 14073 12503 37.27281
## 285 1799 2007 1575 3705 3265 37.27365
## 286 3341 9465 6194 14781 13096 37.24898
## 287 3595 3168 3935 7509 8106 37.81116
## 288 6456 12810 7754 19074 18024 37.62866
## 289 992 2459 1170 3222 2834 37.64521
## 290 4381 8512 6101 16646 15788 37.67480
## 291 633 1877 875 2315 2216 37.63576
## 292 1792 1397 832 2532 2713 38.24714
## 293 1887 2437 1822 4231 3882 38.32284
## 294 24857 25507 25970 59070 58500 38.40696
## 295 3316 4524 2247 6045 5348 38.25388
## 296 1448 2827 1621 4250 3839 38.36394
## 297 3973 13441 7132 19453 16623 38.35884
## 298 958 1839 1517 3145 2727 36.90213
## 299 8380 11627 10606 18670 18038 37.28508
## 300 5192 8812 6052 10844 11498 37.28607
## 301 2273 3513 3005 6890 6842 36.70217
## 302 916 1795 991 2348 2281 38.71544
## 303 2415 1850 1328 2945 3382 38.66169
## 304 548 1014 1003 2227 2097 38.85450
## 305 4788 6517 5176 12546 13509 36.88290
## 306 5081 6120 4378 11771 12090 38.11403
## 307 1153 1951 1811 4177 3623 38.32708
## 308 1133 2013 2101 4338 3841 38.22000
## 309 3463 9257 8145 20996 18506 38.29431
## 310 2167 3009 2959 7298 6564 38.48465
## 311 1708 1590 1636 2510 2572 38.12497
## 312 4328 6413 8078 18942 22204 38.15403
## 313 1603 1978 1971 3793 5370 37.14147
## 314 403 1234 1165 2420 2161 37.11038
## 315 1057 2703 2049 3783 3362 36.92578
## 316 1540 3079 1963 5645 6114 36.96071
## 317 15439 16328 16875 18758 18273 36.84626
## 318 15814 23853 28430 68020 64771 36.83110
## 319 4032 7498 9367 30186 30316 36.77315
## 320 1829 3495 2790 6201 5456 36.91617
## 321 8025 13041 6194 18604 22549 36.81444
## 322 2011 2857 1919 3712 3770 36.67909
## 323 1343 13325 11167 18753 14762 36.84367
## 324 6679 9661 6907 18186 19051 36.91860
## 325 63952 82208 50057 140529 138649 36.85848
## 326 13657 9345 4320 10926 11250 36.85356
## 327 2110 2612 2564 5670 4916 36.84902
## 328 6031 8485 7478 21330 20983 36.76372
## 329 9834 6945 9847 26838 27984 36.86764
## 330 24153 31062 27902 85443 87020 36.74538
## 331 2769 4836 3154 8680 8323 36.81530
## 332 4728 3712 4004 9077 9285 36.85796
## 333 1034 2189 1378 3107 2926 38.90009
## 334 714 2414 1835 4259 3615 36.71051
## 335 730 1388 1069 2310 1950 38.06944
## 336 744 1109 830 1874 1828 38.18602
## 337 1253 2819 1328 4271 4461 38.25046
## 338 2952 3165 2461 6646 6947 38.16996
## 339 554 1826 1106 1969 1898 37.22318
## 340 1302 2436 2234 5332 4765 37.41463
## 341 17946 19601 6170 11312 18380 37.26281
## 342 56179 61823 56618 134154 133276 37.27092
## 343 14885 20303 14204 28485 28478 37.27394
## 344 2471 6058 3531 7203 6827 37.26833
## 345 24654 16207 18297 31657 31125 37.34874
## 346 30316 34687 36597 86382 114079 37.27085
## 347 83738 72293 68317 190681 179459 37.32035
## 348 108771 88361 75581 173071 186248 37.23595
## 349 17231 22093 19458 38213 39508 37.27890
## 350 2297 2113 2288 4199 4248 39.14353
## 351 16975 15319 19020 45551 46890 39.16605
## 352 819 1607 1541 2389 5428 39.18624
## 353 691 1420 1313 2968 2498 39.21027
## 354 4274 4645 6858 18532 18230 36.97014
## 355 1671 4405 5323 14676 13765 36.94039
## 356 649 1864 1056 2460 2241 37.04576
## 357 1850 2267 1900 3379 3203 36.94656
## 358 679 1528 948 2496 2340 36.88574
## 359 5334 9710 5792 12391 11494 37.23938
## 360 8341 17511 12111 27967 25693 37.23091
## 361 1200 2722 1435 2583 2438 37.22179
## 362 2939 9241 4993 12292 10116 37.23937
## Longitude 2023_survey_profile
## 1 -75.35648 33384
## 2 -75.53409 11616
## 3 -75.35375 16580
## 4 -75.65264 27496
## 5 -78.72858 34392
## 6 -78.49348 7412
## 7 -78.45319 46668
## 8 -78.49901 19032
## 9 -78.65829 22012
## 10 -78.45543 6968
## 11 -78.44923 133840
## 12 -77.10217 30196
## 13 -77.03938 42084
## 14 -77.04043 923216
## 15 -77.06223 117516
## 16 -77.12198 27268
## 17 -77.06011 110512
## 18 -77.92114 12424
## 19 -78.79643 157276
## 20 -77.04456 3136440
## 21 -77.07305 586088
## 22 -77.11142 88196
## 23 -77.07193 47004
## 24 -77.06994 111800
## 25 -78.83447 13692
## 26 -79.07947 9172
## 27 -79.79906 10928
## 28 -79.59341 81516
## 29 -79.52270 11440
## 30 -79.53606 9932
## 31 -81.10474 223536
## 32 -82.23936 106512
## 33 -82.21953 12088
## 34 -82.18300 6384
## 35 -82.11074 29920
## 36 -82.16736 13144
## 37 -78.66453 119800
## 38 -79.36503 25988
## 39 -77.49166 349236
## 40 -80.74352 292936
## 41 -77.26104 12844
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# calculate the revenue share of the site by calculating how much the percentage of the locality visitor it takes up
# - what is the total visitors by locality
# sum total locality visitors
ev_tourism_revenue_pois <- ev_tourism_revenue_pois %>%
group_by(Locality) %>%
mutate(total_locality_visitors_23 = sum(`2023 Sample`, na.rm = TRUE)) %>%
ungroup()
# percent of locality visitors at each site
ev_tourism_revenue_pois <- ev_tourism_revenue_pois %>%
mutate(locality_visitor_perc_23 = (`2023_survey_profile`/ total_locality_visitors_23) * 100) %>%
mutate(site_ev_revenue_2023 = ((`2023` * 1000000) * (locality_visitor_perc_23 / 100)))
# - that percentage of site visitors can be used to calculate how much revenue was generated by EV drivers
tourism_revenue_points <- st_as_sf(x = ev_tourism_revenue_pois,
coords = c("Longitude", "Latitude"),
crs = 4326)
spatial_ev_tourism_pois <- st_as_sf(x = ev_tourism_pois,
coords = c("Longitude", "Latitude"),
crs = 4326)
A stretch goal of this project was to analyze the correlation between EV tourist numbers of socio-economic factors of the area. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between electric vehicle tourism and differing socio-economic factors faced by localities and the varying environments of the Commonwealth. The “spgwr” package, (simplified implementation of GWR) was read in to this project and used to perform this analysis. GWR extends traditional ordinary least square regression analysis by assigning different parameter estimates to each observation in a dataset allowing for spatial weighting of nearby data points. This creates a process that allows relationships between variables to be examined over space. The focus of this analysis was tourism revenue by locality, the independent variables included socio-economic information, like household median income and population, and existing electric vehicle charging infrastructure.
# Step 1. Read in packages and data, read data to variables
head(ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality)
# Variable #1 Tourism revenue generated in each locality of Virginia is the dependent variable for this analysis and is being represented by tourism_revenue_
# Variable #2. Existing charging infrastructure. Independent variable.
# existing charging infrastructure in the study areas, Virginia as of March, 2025.
va_EVSE_stations <- read.csv("C:\\GEOG588\\final-project\\data\\ev_stations_Virginia_2025.csv")
# converting the stations data to a spatial data file
va_EVSE_stations_sf <- st_as_sf(x = va_EVSE_stations,
coords = c("Longitude", "Latitude"),
crs = 4326)
#cleaning the data to remove NAs with zeros and creating a total chargers field
va_EVSE_stations_spatial <- va_EVSE_stations_sf %>%
mutate(
EV.Level1.EVSE.Num = replace_na(EV.Level1.EVSE.Num, 0),
EV.Level2.EVSE.Num = replace_na(EV.Level2.EVSE.Num, 0),
EV.DC.Fast.Count = replace_na(EV.DC.Fast.Count, 0),
total_chargers = EV.Level1.EVSE.Num + EV.Level2.EVSE.Num + EV.DC.Fast.Count
)
# Variable #3. Household Median Income. Independent variable
va_locality_HMI <- get_acs(
geography = "county",
variables = "B19019_001",
state = "VA"
)
# Data cleaning of variable #3.
# removing the "510" from the countyID to join with county data later
va_locality_HMI <- va_locality_HMI %>%
# the str_remove takes away the "510" from the beginning of the str and the "as.numeric" function automatically removes the leading zeros for the results.
mutate(countyfp = as.numeric(str_remove(GEOID, "51")))%>%
mutate(NAME = str_remove(NAME, " County, Virginia")) %>%
mutate(NAME = str_remove(NAME, ", Virginia")) %>%
mutate(NAME = str_to_title(NAME)) %>%
# renaming a column to assist with joins later
mutate(Locality = NAME)
# Variable #4. Population of Localities. Independent variable.
va_locality_pop <- get_acs(
geography = "county",
variables = "B01003_001",
state = "VA"
)
va_locality_pop <- va_locality_pop %>%
mutate(countyfp = as.numeric(str_remove(GEOID, "51")))%>%
mutate(total_pop = estimate) %>%
mutate(NAME = str_remove(NAME, " County, Virginia")) %>%
mutate(NAME = str_remove(NAME, ", Virginia")) %>%
mutate(NAME = str_to_title(NAME)) %>%
# renaming a column to assist with joins later
mutate(Locality = NAME)
# Step 2. Data cleaning of dependent variable
# cleaning tourism revenue by locality to create numeric values
ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality <- tourism_revenue_localities_2019_to_2023 %>%
# parse number extracts the number and removes the "$" symbol allowing numeric operations to be conducted on the revenue values
mutate(`2023` = parse_number(`2023`))%>%
mutate(`2022` = parse_number(`2022`)) %>%
mutate(`2021` = parse_number(`2021`)) %>%
mutate(`2020` = parse_number(`2020`)) %>%
mutate(`2019` = parse_number(`2019`)) %>%
mutate(Locality = str_to_title(Locality))
ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality <- ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality[-nrow(ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality), ]
# Step 3. Spatially joining existing charging stations with tourism revenue
# spatial join of existing EV chargers and tourism revenue
va_EVSE_w_tourism_revenue <- st_join(va_counties, va_EVSE_stations_spatial) %>%
mutate(
EV.Level1.EVSE.Num = replace_na(EV.Level1.EVSE.Num, 0),
EV.Level2.EVSE.Num = replace_na(EV.Level2.EVSE.Num, 0),
EV.DC.Fast.Count = replace_na(EV.DC.Fast.Count, 0),
total_chargers = EV.Level1.EVSE.Num + EV.Level2.EVSE.Num + EV.DC.Fast.Count)
# spatial join using st_nearest_feature to try and avoid missing values
va_EVSE_w_tourism_revenue <- va_EVSE_stations_spatial %>%
mutate(Locality = va_counties$name[st_nearest_feature(st_geometry(.), st_geometry(va_counties))]) %>%
mutate(countyfp = va_counties$countyfp[st_nearest_feature(st_geometry(.), st_geometry(va_counties))])
va_EVSE_w_tourism_revenue <- va_EVSE_w_tourism_revenue %>%
group_by(Locality, countyfp)
head(va_EVSE_w_tourism_revenue)
# completing the data cleaning process to obtain one of the independent variables to be included in to the process
chargers_by_county <- va_EVSE_w_tourism_revenue %>%
group_by(Locality, countyfp) %>%
summarise(chargers_by_county = sum(total_chargers, na.rm = TRUE), .groups = "drop")
# Step 4. Join independent and dependent variables into the same dataframe to assist with gwr processing
va_counties_df <- va_counties %>%
st_drop_geometry()
gwr_join <- va_counties_df %>%
full_join(chargers_by_county, by = "countyfp") %>%
full_join(va_locality_HMI, by = "countyfp") %>%
full_join(va_locality_pop, by = "countyfp") %>%
mutate(hmi = `estimate.x`)
gwr_join <- gwr_join %>%
left_join(ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality, by="Locality")%>%
mutate(chargers_by_county = chargers_by_county na.rm = 0)
# creating a spatial object for the gwr out of the joined variables
gwr_county_data <- st_as_sf(gwr_join)
# find the centroid for the polygon features and creating values within the spatial object that will influenc weighted regression model
gwr_county_data$centroids <- st_centroid(gwr_county_data$geometry)
# Step 5. Create coordinates for the spgwr matrix. This will impact how much weight neighboring points are assigned and how much influence your data will exhibit on neighboring features.
gwr_coords <- st_coordinates((st_geometry(gwr_county_data)))
# there are 133 localities in Virginia. There should be 133 rows returned
nrow(gwr_coords)
class(gwr_county_data)
# Step 6. Determine bandwidth of kernel size. This step determines spatial influence of neighboring points
gwr_bandwidth <- gwr.sel(gwr_county_data$`2023` ~ gwr_county_data$hmi + as.numeric(gwr_county_data$chargers_by_county),
data = gwr_county_data,
coords = gwr_coords,
adapt = TRUE)
# Step 7. Run the model!
# "tryCatch" is an error handling function that can be used to return message if areas of the model return error messages
gwr_model <- tryCatch({
gwr(gwr_county_data$`2023` ~ gwr_county_data$hmi + gwr_county_data$chargers_by_county,
data = gwr_county_data,
coords = gwr_coords,
bandwidth = gwr_bandwidth,
hatmatrix = TRUE)
}, error = function(e) {
message("error in GWR model: ", e)
return(NULL)
}, warning = function(w) {
message("warning: ", w)
return(NULL)
})
# Step 8. extract the coefficients from the model and clean data for readability
# At this point, the gwr_model will contain detailed results, but no variables from the model are automatically saved to your workspace. We need to manually extract the results.
summary(gwr_model)
str(gwr_model)
# Extract the coefficients from the GWR model (SDF contains the spatial data with coefficients)
gwr_results <- gwr_model$SDF@data
# Clean the variable names by removing the dataset prefix (e.g., "gwr_county_data$")
clean_names <- gsub("gwr_county_data\\$", "", names(gwr_results))
# Assign the cleaned names back to the dataframe
names(gwr_results) <- clean_names
# Now you can access the coefficients and other variables without the dataset prefix
head(gwr_results)
# Step 9. Visualize the coefficients
# Please section 4 of this report to view the outcomes and discussions resulting from this GWR of socio-econimic factors and existing charging infrastructure on tourism revenue for Virginia's localities for 2023.
## Error in parse(text = input): <text>:105:50: unexpected symbol
## 104: left_join(ev_tourism_revenue_by_locality, by="Locality")%>%
## 105: mutate(chargers_by_county = chargers_by_county na.rm
## ^
Data was displayed with the leaflet package. Latitude and longitude coordinates were used to visualize the tourism points of interest as a point layer. A faceted map graphic was created to display the annual tourism population over the temporal scale from 2019 to 2023. Labels were selected to show the total population of tourists and the EV tourist population over the course of the 5 year window.
# this variable extracts the locally estimated coefficient for household median income, displayed by "estimate.x" in the gwr model
final_county_data_spatial$hmi_coef <- gwr_results$hmi
## Error: object 'gwr_results' not found
final_county_data_spatial$chargers_coef <- gwr_results$chargers_by_county
## Error: object 'gwr_results' not found
# after this process the coefficients are added as columns to the data frame
The results of this project include an estimation of EV drivers travelling to Virginia’s most visited tourism destinations for the years 2019, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Results also include tourism revenue generated by EV drivers generated by economic impact reporting as well as the calculated local population that will be supported by installing electric vehicle charging stations at the tourism sites in Virginia. This analysis will inform local transportation planners, tourism stakeholders, and electric vehicle travelers seeking to improve Virginia’s ability to support the growing number of EVs on the road.
““““Finally, this report will be used to guide the implementation of a $10.8 million grant awarded for the installation of Level 2 EV charging infrastructure for 98 tourism locations in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Incorporating the metrics generated from this project will allow the implementation of this grant to be defended against incoming federal funding challenges and coordinate with local transportation planning groups.”““““”
spatial_ev_tourism_pois$`POI Name` <- iconv(spatial_ev_tourism_pois$`POI Name`, from = "", to = "UTF-8", sub = "")
leaflet(data = va_counties) %>%
addProviderTiles(providers$CartoDB) %>%
addPolygons(data = va_counties,
fillColor = NA,
fillOpacity = 0.5,
fill = "black",
weight = 1,
popup = ~paste(
`name`)) %>%
addCircleMarkers(
data = spatial_ev_tourism_pois,
popup = ~paste("Tourism POI Name: ", "<br>",
`POI Name`,
"<br>",
"<br>Visitor Totals:",
"<br>2019 - ", round(`EV_2019`, 0),
"<br>2021 - ", round(`EV_2021`, 0),
"<br>2022 - ", round(`EV_2022`, 0),
"<br>2023 - ", round(`EV_2023`, 0),
"<br>2024 - ", round(`EV_2024`, 0)))
leaflet(gwr_county_data_spatial) %>%
addProviderTiles(providers$CartoDB.Positron) %>%
addPolygons(fillColor = ~colorQuantile("RdYlBu", chargers_coef)(chargers_coef),
fillOpacity = 0.5,
color = "black",
weight = 1,
popup = ~paste("County: ", NAME.x, "<br>Existing Charging Station Coefficient: ", round(chargers_coef, 3)),
highlightOptions = highlightOptions(weight=2, color = "white", bringToFront = TRUE)) %>%
addLegend("bottomright", pal = colorQuantile("RdYlBu", gwr_county_data_spatial$chargers_coef), values = ~chargers_coef, title = "Existing Charging Station Coefficient")
## Error: object 'gwr_county_data_spatial' not found
The results of this GWR analysis highlight the positive and negative correlations between existing charging infrastructure and tourism revenue for 2023. Areas in blue show counties and cities where existing charging infrastructure has a strong correlation with tourism revenue. This suggests that these more charging infrastructure in these areas would positively impact tourism revenue. Strong correlation does not mirror the number of existing electric vehicle charging nor areas where areas
When evaluating the results of this project the assumptions made in the analysis should be discussed to understand the level of confidence and accuracy of the results. A consideration for the revenue analysis includes the general attribution of locality revenue with sites based on visitors’ total. This creates uncertainty as not every visitor spends the same amount as they travel. Additionally, this method utilizes national percentages for registered electric vehicles which do not represent the real percentage of EVs on the road in a given state or local area. Rural areas are farther away from established charging infrastructure and therefore could experience less than average EV traffic. This methodology served to provide estimates of EV driver percentages and resulting EV tourism revenue generated.
Additional steps can be taken with this data to provide useful insight to local transportation planners, tourism stakeholders, and EV travelers. Temporal analysis and geographically weighted regression analysis comparing socio-economic factors with EV tourist numbers would be useful for showing which factors contribute to larger EV tourist numbers. Evaluating the correlation between urban and rural EV tourist numbers could reveal areas and tourist destinations that experience higher than normal EV travelers.
While 2024 visitor data by tourism poi was provided, vehicle registration and survey data was not yet available at the time of this report. Continued updates and analysis is recommended to analyze EV driver trends.
J.D. Power. (2023). What percent of U.S. car sales are electric? Retrieved from https://www.jdpower.com/cars/shopping-guides/what-percent-of-us-car-sales-are-electric
Commonwealth of Virginia. (n.d.). Economic impact of travel. Virginia Open Data Portal. Retrieved from https://data.virginia.gov/dataset/economic-impact-of-travel/resource/7dac96be-b9c6-46da-a183-a0af5d446a34
Commonwealth of Virginia. (2023). Economic impact of visitors in Virginia in 2023. Virginia Open Data Portal. Retrieved from https://data.virginia.gov/dataset/economic-impact-of-visitors-in-virginia-in-2023/resource/48bbcca1-3ed9-4287-a01d-e002fbb9a5f0
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