RECD: March 2025C
Background
This is a pilot of an experimental manipulation of CWV in the
workplace.
Participants were shown the following:
We have previously asked participants on Connect to describe their
workplace and an episode involving their manager. Today, we will show
you a response from one participant and ask for your thoughts about
it.
We first asked participants to describe the general atmosphere of
their workplace. In the following page is what one participant
wrote:
HIGH CWV CONDITION:
Where I work is pretty cut throat and competitive. you cant trust
anybody, sometimes it feels like you gotta do whatever you gotta do to
get ahead. success is all about manipulation and taking advantage of
others, knowing how to play the game better than everyone
else.
LOW CWV CONDITION:
Where I work is pretty supportive. you can really trust other people
and it feels like other people trust you. the people who get ahead are
collaborative and honest.it’s a culture of cooperation, people go out of
their way to help each other. success is all about teamwork.
Then, participants completed workplace version of CWV, as a manipulation
check.
Then, they reflected on how they would behave in this workplace:
Try to picture yourself in this workplace. Imagine being in this
environment day after day, relating to coworkers in this way.
In the space below, please write 1-2 sentences about how you would
act (competitively or cooperatively) toward your coworkers in this
workplace environment.
[OPEN RESPONSE]
Then, they read:
We asked the same participants to describe a specific episode in
which their manager wanted to get an employee to perform a task at
work.
The same participant went on to describe the following
episode:
One time, at work, my manager told my coworker to stay late and
finish a report, even though handling reports isnt part of his job (the
person who usually did it was on medical leave). he told my manager that
it wasn’t his responsibility and that he didn’t want to do it.my manager
got really serious and was like… i need people who can do what needs to
be done … if you can’t step up when i need your help, i won’t be able to
give you time off and schedule changes when you need it
Then, participants completed the following measures: Open response of
relationship impact, relationship impact, compliance impact, and several
measures of hypothetical behavior as the manager.
They were reminded of the workplace environment right before completing
the relationship and compliance impact likert scales.
Demographics
Race
| race | N | Perc |
|---|---|---|
| asian | 4 | 3.31 |
| black | 15 | 12.40 |
| hispanic | 4 | 3.31 |
| multiracial | 4 | 3.31 |
| white | 93 | 76.86 |
| NA | 1 | 0.83 |
Gender
| gender | N | Perc |
|---|---|---|
| man | 62 | 51.24 |
| woman | 57 | 47.11 |
| NA | 2 | 1.65 |
Age
| age_mean | age_sd |
|---|---|
| 41.78992 | 10.45237 |
Education
| edu | N | Perc |
|---|---|---|
| noHS | 1 | 0.83 |
| GED | 24 | 19.83 |
| 2yearColl | 16 | 13.22 |
| 4yearColl | 57 | 47.11 |
| MA | 15 | 12.40 |
| PHD | 6 | 4.96 |
| NA | 2 | 1.65 |
Income
Measures
Open responses
Reflection on workplace environment
| PID | cond | reflection |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | high | I would act cooperatively only to the exact extent that it helps me get ahead |
| 2 | low | I would act cooperatively in the workspace. No reason to be hostile |
| 3 | high | I would dislike being in the workplace. I would feel that I had no friends and I would need to be as cutthroat as possible to get ahead. |
| 4 | high | I would probably try to hold onto my own morals and be cooperative, but I imagine it would eventually wear me down and make me competitive. |
| 5 | high | If I worked in this workplace, I would try to secretly find ways to partner with people who weren’t as cutthroat and competitive. However, on the outside I would tow the party line. |
| 7 | low | I would try to get along with everyone, regardless if our personality types clash. It sounds like everyone gets along and I would want to fit in. |
| 8 | low | I would be cooperative because it is a place with a lot of trust. It sounds like people work together and are not out to outdo each other. |
| 9 | low | In this environment I would behave cooperatively and work together with my coworkers. I would ask for help as well as help others that need it. If I need to advance I would do so with the help and collaboration of others. |
| 10 | low | I would do unto to others as I would have them do unto me in this workplace. I imagine this workplace environment to be stimulating, collaborative, friendly and welcoming. |
| 11 | high | I would hoard information. People would need to come to me for critical information and I would trade it for favors. |
| 12 | high | I would look after number one, and that of course is me. |
| 13 | high | i would be honest and not let anyone get away with anything. I would demand respect in professional way and always look out for myself first. |
| 14 | low | I would act kind and compassionate towards my coworkers. I would always be willing to lend a hand when someone needs help, and I’d also be comfortable asking for help if I needed it. |
| 15 | high | I would act cooperatively towards my coworkers. I would try my best to treat them how I would like to be treated. |
| 16 | high | I would be very conservative with what I share with other employees. I would not hurt someone by telling on them, but if they have information and share it I would use it to my advantage. |
| 17 | low | This type of environment sounds toxic. I would keep my head down and focus on my work and nothing else. |
| 18 | high | Honestly, I’m not a competitive person, so I would probably cooperate and then not get promotions and be shot down. I would try to change the culture from within and fail spectacularly. I don’t want to manipulate people and I’m not good at it because I’m autistic. I’d probably quit after a number of failures here. |
| 19 | low | I feel like it would be an interesting place to work, i feel like you would be really able to put your skills to the test and be able to show what you are made of in the workplace |
| 20 | low | I would not change my normal behavior no matter where I worked. In this sitaution, I might feel less pressure than I do in a normal work environment. |
| 21 | low | It sounds like a very friendly workplace, so I would probably try to get to know my coworkers and make friends. I’d also like to try to find opportunities to help them because I feel like they’d probably do the same for me. |
| 22 | low | I would be friendly and cooperative. I would support my coworkers and encourage and celebrate their successes. I would be friendly with them and make the effort to get to know them. |
| 23 | low | I would form a close bond with my co-workers. I would treat everyone like family. We would help and watch out for each other. |
| 24 | high | I would act cooperatively because that is my nature. Even though I am surrounded by dog-eat-dig types, I will not change my core values. And, if it gets that unbearable then I’ll just find another job. |
| 25 | low | I would work to maintain a positive and friendly environment. Collaboration is super important to me, so I think I would thrive working with colleagues of a similar mindset. |
| 26 | high | I would keep my cards close to my cheast in this workplace. I would not trust anyone. It would be exhausting to deal with that everyday. That is not emotionally sustainable. |
| 27 | low | In this nurturing and collaborative workplace, I would collaborate harmoniously with my colleagues, constantly looking for opportunities to exchange ideas and lend a hand. By focusing on teamwork and fostering trust, I aim to help create an environment where everyone’s input is appreciated, ultimately boosting both individual achievements and group success. |
| 29 | high | I would be aggressive and competitive to get ahead. I would make sure that I was always alert and on my toes, ready to pounce. |
| 30 | high | I would find things that I have in common with others and try to build upon what common goals that I have with others. |
| 31 | low | I would do my best to act cooperatively. I believe in building positive relationships with those I work with. I would hope to foster those relationships and that this would lead to mutual benefits for all. |
| 32 | low | I feel that the workplace would be excellent and very great to work at. |
| 33 | low | I would pitch in and help as needed and if there were any problems I would go to my coworker instead of directly to my supervisor. I would try to support my coworkers and not throw them under the bus and work as a team. |
| 34 | high | I would just keep to myself and do my work as best as I can and as fast as I can. For any project that I do, I will have to make sure that the credit falls on me and not on anybody else. It is a cutthroat company and I have to look out for myself. |
| 35 | low | I would force myself to be helpful to others, even though I don’t want to be. I would do my best to take an interest in co-workers and their problems. |
| 36 | high | I would be stern but friendly. I would not divulge a lot of information or have personal conversations that may affect me later. |
| 37 | high | This environment would be difficult. I would definitely have to put on a tough skin and focus on being competitve with my coworkers to not be left behind, but also staying true to myself, try to start incorporating a more team atmosphere. |
| 38 | high | In this workplace environment, I would have no choice but to be competitive with my coworkers. I would have no chance of being successful if I didn’t play the game like they are playing. |
| 39 | high | I would act as cooperatively as possible without going out of my way to help people to the point that my own work was neglected since this could reflect poorly on my performance in such a competitive environment. I will make it a point to outperform the majority of my peers in order to advance my career. |
| 40 | high | i would act competitvely towards them, i wouldn’t consider them friends because they’re looking for ways to go one up on me. I’ll take my work very seriously and watch what i share with them |
| 41 | low | I think it sounds like a good workplace with collaboration and support. |
| 42 | low | I would be a team player and help my coworkers if needed, and I would treat my coworkers with respect. |
| 43 | high | I would be pleasant and treat my coworkers with respect. I enjoy healthy competition but prefer to be more agreeable in an office setting with coworkers to achieve common goals |
| 44 | low | I would act cooperatively with my coworkers, which is exactly the type of workplace that I would enjoy. It sounds like they are supportive and encouraging, and that is how I like to behave towards others. |
| 45 | low | I would treat others how I would want to be treated. It’s a lot easier just to be kind and relaxed then to make enemies and cause issues that could of been prevented in the first place. |
| 46 | low | In the space of a work environment I would request assistance only if needed. Displaying a lack of skills could become a weakness both among coworkers and management. Proving that you’re up to the task at hand decreases the likelihood of termination and disapproval among management and coworkers. |
| 47 | high | My coworkers are not my friends. I stay professional at work, stay focused, go after what I want and I don’t allow myself to be too friendly because people will take you for granted. |
| 48 | high | If I were in this work environment I would be to myself in order to keep going ahead if I want to continue in this job. The less people know about you the better of a toxic environment you will be surrounded in. |
| 49 | high | I would go along to get along. Whatever I see others doing is most likely the same thing that I would do. |
| 50 | low | I would act cooperatively toward my coworkers. When everyone works together we all have a greater chance of success. |
| 51 | low | I would act cooperatively to make sure the team is all successful. This would also give the customer a better product in the end |
| 52 | high | I would act very nicely to everyone. While also making sure I get all my work completed and quickly and take my time to make sure accuracy. I wouldn’t be mean to anyone as the person described the work place as cut throat. I also wouldn’t make friend but you may feel that I’m your friend based off how friendly I am towards you. |
| 53 | low | I would cooperate with my coworkers and managers extremely well in that environment. if someone needed help i would go out of my way to help them and in return they will help me when i need it. |
| 54 | low | I would act cooperatively and collaboratively, working together to achieve mission goals. I would ask coworkers for help as needed and be willing to give the same in return with a positive and pleasant attitude. |
| 55 | low | I personally would not be the competitive type. I would not step on other peoples toes, say bad things about others, or do things to make others look bad. It would be hard to do those things. |
| 56 | high | In an enviroment like that you have to always watch your back and stay one step ahead.I would have to become just a grimmey as everyone around me if I work that so that I’m not misused and taken advantage of. |
| 57 | high | I would be miserable in this type of situation. I would most likely be dismissed after a short time for not being ‘productive’, since I could not work in this environment. The only way I could make it would be if I truly disliked everyone I had to deal with every day and held a grudge against them. This would provoke me into being as cut throat as needed to succeed in this business. |
| 58 | high | I would hate it. I am not competitive at all. I would get walked all over and would always be at the bottom of the corporation. |
| 59 | low | I would act normally and talk to and treat my co-workers as equals and respond to them honestly and do my job as best as I could. |
| 60 | high | I would try to find common ground with coworkers and build relationships while treating them like people. I believe we are all trying to get through the work day and get back to our personal lives. I understand the corporate world can be cutthroat, but I try to stay out of all that, and just do my work, stay quiet, and go home at 5. |
| 61 | high | I would keep my cards close so to speak, not revealing much about my goals or ambitions. |
| 62 | low | It seems like a nice place to work. I would treat my coworkers with respect and same way I would want to be treated |
| 63 | low | This workplace would be bring the best out of me and make me act very cooperatively. I prefer a positive, non-competitive work environment. |
| 64 | high | I would not trust the other people at the company so I would look out for myself and try to be as competitive as possible. |
| 65 | high | im not sure how i would act i would have to exsperience it for myself. probably with a calm head to keep from going to jail. |
| 66 | low | In this workplace I would do my job and always look out for my coworkers as well. If they need help, I will step up and help out. My focus would lie on teamwork. |
| 67 | high | I will avoid close relationships with coworkers and avoid having to rely on people. I would also make sure a lot of people owe me favors |
| 68 | high | I would most likely keep to myself and reduce my cooperation with others to give myself a big advantage |
| 69 | high | I would look for other employees of like minds to take on tasks together so the competitive nature of the workspace does not wear most of us out |
| 70 | high | I have never been a competitive person. I would simply keep my head down, concentrate on my job, and ignore the chaos. Meanwhile, I’d be looking for a job at a different company, and move on as quickly as possible |
| 71 | low | I would act cooperatively in this workplace because there is no need for competition it seems. Everyone wants what is best for the team, so I would be sure to pay attention to how everyone is doing, and help out where needed. |
| 72 | low | In this workplace I would feel free to voice my concerns without fear of retaliation and know that my coworkers would be willing to help if help was needed. |
| 73 | low | I think it would be invigorating to be in such an atmosphere and know that people are looking to help each other achieve common goals. |
| 74 | low | I would probably try and be as cooperative as possible without sacrificing my mental or physical well-being. I’m not a competitive person by nature, so I wouldn’t go out of my way to intentionally act adversarial. |
| 75 | low | If this workplace actually exists, it would be fantastic. I would be happy to provide my fair share (or more) of input and output. True teamwork and supportive environment can be a great thing. |
| 76 | high | I think I would just try to keep to myself as much as possible. However I would try to treat people the way they treat me, good or bad. I would not trust anyone. |
| 77 | high | I would be very careful not to show any signs of weakness to my coworkers. I would not reveal my true intentions until the moment I am assured to receive the proper credit. |
| 78 | high | I would try to be kind. I would act as if I was prepared to quit the role in this workplace at any moment. |
| 79 | high | I am not someone who likes conflict. This work environment would be very difficult for me to succeed, as I do not have a killer instinct, I would probably be more passive and cooperative so I could just get by. |
| 80 | low | Since it seems that this workplace values teamwork and close cooperation, I would certainly make an effort to be open to working with my coworkers to maintain that attitude. I value communication and cooperation. |
| 81 | high | I would try to game the system in order to get ahead. I would act in ways to prove my worth to outshine coworkers. |
| 82 | low | In this workplace I would work very collaboratively. I would seek out coworkers for their input in what I’m doing and I would gladly provide feedback on their own work as well. |
| 83 | low | I would work with my coworkers. I would help them out and collaborate with them. I would be happy for their successes and expect they would be happy for mine. |
| 84 | high | I would mostly look out for myself and my own interests in this work environment. I would not put in effort to help my coworkers. |
| 85 | high | I would focus on my work to achieve my goals. It would be very challenging to thrive in that environment as I find social interactions with my peers helpful to succeed and to enjoy my work. Although, I would cautiously align with others that had the same goals. |
| 86 | low | If I worked in this workplace, I would act cooperatively with my coworkers. As this person described, those who do the right thing and are nice to others are the ones who move up within the workplace. |
| 87 | low | This would be a nice workplace atmosphere. I would want to cooperate with my fellow workers and I would feel like I have their back and they have mine. |
| 88 | low | I would do at least enough to not get fired. I would be cognizant of not wanting to show up my co-workers, while at the same time making sure I was doing at least a little better than them. I would also try to be as inoffensive as possible with my comments and behavior. |
| 89 | high | I would try to work cooperatively in this space, however, knowing the culture, I would keep my eyes open for any deceptiveness. I think I would have to remain guarded and carry on trying to help others and change their ways via example. |
| 90 | high | If I worked in this office I would be quite stressed out because I would feel like i had to be manipulative towards everyone. I would do a lot of listening in order to play the game that everyone else is playing. |
| 91 | high | You need to be fair to people, but you also need to be tough. You have to look out for yourself and your own interests but try not to make enemies. |
| 92 | low | As a professional, I would thrive in this supportive and collaborative environment. I would actively offer assistance and support to coworkers and prioritize mutual success over individual competition. It would feel rewarding to be a part of this work environment, and I believe it would facilitate my success. |
| 93 | low | I would work with my coworkers to complete projects and tasks. I would help my coworkers and work with them on projects. |
| 94 | low | In a supportive environment such s described I would feel comfortable asking questions and offering support in return to those that also have questions. It would be a helpful place full of understanding and compassion. Work would get done faster because of the help of others. |
| 95 | high | I would be very unhappy in this kind of workplace and would do my best to get by. I would definitely be looking for work in a less toxic environment. |
| 96 | low | I would fit in well with this kind of collaborative atmosphere in the office. I like talking with my coworkers about common problems we are facing and brainstorming solutions. I’m also willing to help out my coworkers with their own individual challenges, especially when it comes to technology. |
| 97 | high | I honestly would not survive long in this environment. I’d most likely try to be cooperative with someone I got along best with and charmed, and teamed with them to compete against the others as a duo or even a trio. But there would always be doubt about when the partnership would be suddenly dissolved by someone in it being internally competitive. |
| 98 | low | I would just cooperate because like the person said everyone supports each other. No need to stab anyone in the back just to get ahead. |
| 99 | high | I would treat everybody with respect and kindness because that is the character I want to have. I believe being good is the best policy to have anywhere anytime. |
| 100 | high | In this kind of environment, I’d likely adopt a more competitive approach, keeping my strategies close to my chest and focusing on outsmarting others to secure my position. I’d play the game, but i’d be cautious, observing everyone’s move to make sure I stay ahead. |
| 101 | low | It would be so refreshing to work in a workplace where the goal was co operation and bettering each other. I would aim to really put myself out there and be as helpful and supportive as I could. In an office like that it elevates everyone. Being more like a think tank. Than a shark tank. As I believe it should be. |
| 102 | high | Even though it is a “cut throat” workplace, I would have a really hard time working there and being super competitive. I believe in cooperation over competition, so I probably wouldn’t do very well in this workplace. |
| 103 | low | I would act cooperatively, as I see other people doing so as well. I would enjoy working in this environment because I would feel included and be happy to be a part of the team. |
| 104 | low | When working with my team, we would allow everyone to offer input on ideas and support discussion on what the best approach would be. We are open and honest with our thoughts so that we develop and produce the best results. We would appreciate feedback and take it constructively to improve ourselves within the team. |
| 105 | high | I would always be on guard in this workplace. I would make sure to look out for myself nd not worry about the others in the workplace. I would be sure to only show my best a well. |
| 106 | high | I would be desperately looking for another job. This sounds like a very toxic work environment, and it would be hard to feel comfortable in a job setting like that. I would be respectful and polite to my coworkers, but I would keep my distance while I looked for another job. |
| 107 | high | I’d be really manipulative and do favors for favors. |
| 108 | high | In this workplace environment I would treat my coworkers with respect & act like I was very cooperative with them when I was in their presence. However, this workplace environment forces me to be competitive if I want to get ahead so the “cooperative” & “friendly” way that I act towards my coworkers is simply a “tool” that I would use to put them at ease with me & make myself come across as less of a “threat” to them. This will hopefully make my coworkers less “competitive” towards me since I am not apparent “competition” which will actually give me a competitive edge. |
| 109 | high | In a highly competitive environment, I would likely embrace a more assertive strategy to secure my success and security while evaluating coworkers as both allies and potential rivals. Nonetheless, I would also look for subtle opportunities to cultivate genuine relationships with trustworthy individuals since collaboration could offer strategic advantages in overcoming workplace challenges. |
| 110 | low | I will cooperate and compete as a whole. This workplace has a team type environment. |
| 111 | high | This workplace seems like you need to do whatever you can to get ahead. It’s no holds barred and get to the point. Make sure you get your work done and in on time. |
| 112 | low | I would make sure that I am always doing things the right way in the workplace environment. I try to always be cooperatively when doing my work. |
| 113 | low | I would try and help my coworkers as I could. I would want to be treated the same way with respect. |
| 114 | low | I will work with them as a team and cooperate with them when a task to do. |
| 115 | high | This workplace seems very competitive, I would make sure that I am in on time and have all my ducks in a row. I would work hard and keep my schedule tight. |
| 116 | high | In such a fiercely competitive environment, I would focus on forming strategic alliances with colleagues, using these relationships to skillfully navigate the challenges while upholding professionalism and respect. My approach would emphasize cooperation with those who show mutual trust and support, all the while staying vigilant around others to safeguard my interests without resorting to manipulation |
| 117 | high | I think I would mostly keep to myself, seeing how competitive it is. People are probably out to get one another if it is truly cutthroat. |
| 118 | low | I would be cooperative. My nature is to work this way and I do work in a cooperative environment now |
| 119 | low | I think in general there’s an atmosphere of support, an an outlook that we accomplish more by working together rather than working at odds with one another. I would look to collaborate. |
| 120 | low | I would try to be as cooperative as possible, but when competition is necessary I would go all in. At the end of the day, it’s a work place, we aren’t there to make friends, but that doesn’t mean you have to act without integrity. |
| 121 | low | I would work cooperatively. If all my other co workers are willing to be helpful and not try to one up me. There would be no need to act competivitly if we can all work together. |
| 122 | high | I would be cooperative because that is who I am by nature, but I am also competitive. So, I would seek to find my niche and try to take advantage of the my unique skillset nd try to be supportive of my coworkers at the same time. |
| 123 | high | I would always be looking for ways to promote myself and make my performance and actions be more desirable than others. I would absolutely be focused on being competitive instead of working cooperatively toward my peers. |
Impact on employee
| PID | cond | impact_open |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | high | I think the worker did the reports so to maintain rapport |
| 2 | low | I don’t think my co-worker was a target. The manager needed the report done regardless |
| 3 | high | I’d anticipate that with the threat the worker would have completed the report out of fear. |
| 4 | high | I imagine the worker felt threatened and cornered. They probably agreed to do the report unless they thought they had a plan to not be in this job for long. |
| 5 | high | I think that the worker didn’t do the job, and that later the manager would find a way to punish the employee, or at least not recommend them for advancement. |
| 7 | low | I feel like the worker would give in because they wouldn’t want to upset the manager. |
| 8 | low | I think the manager took advantage of the employee. Unless the employee reported it, the manager probably got away with it. |
| 9 | low | It seemed like a toxic environment where the manager threatened the worker. It seems like a less cooperative environment because of this. |
| 10 | low | The worker’s initial reaction was not one of a team player so I would imagine that their response would follow suit and he would probably quit. |
| 11 | high | The worker probably complained to other people that they had been threatened. Maybe they would quit. Others would try to undermine the manager. |
| 12 | high | I think the worker was eventually let go because she would not be a team player and stay late. |
| 13 | high | i think that manager was correct. you are hired to complete the job and listen to the managers instructions. if he ask to stay late (any your being paid for it) you should do that. I think there was no consequences |
| 14 | low | I don’t think anything happened to the manager. It’s possible that the worker told the other workers about the incident with the manager and maybe they are treating him differently now, like less part of the team, but I don’t think the manager actual got any formal reprimand for his behavior. |
| 15 | high | The coworker was displeased by the manager’s reaction and might go to a higher up to protest it. |
| 16 | high | I think that the employee probably did the report even though it was not his job. |
| 17 | low | Nothing happened as consequence. I think the worker’s reaction was spot-on. |
| 18 | high | The worker was probably like “well shit, ok then” internally and complied. |
| 19 | low | i feel like the worker lost trust in his manager to be supportive thus leading to a crappy work environment |
| 20 | low | I would think that the worker would either quit if they were stupid or do the work as asked and keep their job. |
| 21 | low | I think the worker was probably anxious because that’s a really harsh answer to get from a manager. I also think the worker felt frustrated because they were asked to do something that wasn’t responsibility and because the manager was threatening to withhold their PTB hours. |
| 22 | low | I think the worker doesnt belong in this parfticular environment. They didnt do anything wrong per say, but this doesnt fir into the culture og this particular workplace. The managers response was appropriate. |
| 23 | low | This would be going against the office norm. This isn’t how we prefer to treat each other. |
| 24 | high | I think the manager probably got away with it, unless the worker told on him. |
| 25 | low | The employee probably felt like they didn’t have an option. The manager used their position as a cudgel to bully the employee into doing something they should have done. |
| 26 | high | I don’t know what the consequences were for the manager, but people should only be asked to do work within their job description. This is why I like working for a union. People can’t threathen my job with made-up work. |
| 27 | low |
The employee targeted by the manager probably experienced a blend of frustration and resentment after the confrontation. They might have viewed the manager’s demand as unfair, particularly because it involved tasks beyond their usual duties. This pressure to step outside their role could have resulted in lowered morale and feelings of disempowerment. In response to the manager’s firm approach, the worker may have felt heightened stress and anxiety about future interactions. They might have started doubting their role within the team, sensing that their opinions and boundaries were disregarded. This could lead to a reluctance in taking on extra responsibilities going forward, even if they had been willing to assist during peak times or when needed. Additionally, the employee may have discussed the incident with colleagues, potentially spreading a shared sense of dissatisfaction among team members. If others also felt compelled to meet unrealistic expectations, this could escalate into significant issues of disengagement and low morale within the group. In turn, rather than cultivating a supportive work environment, the manager’s strategy might backfire by undermining trust and collaboration in the team. |
| 29 | high | I I think that the person was taken advantage of and bullied but since they didn’t stick up for themselves adequately, they have created a pattern of abuse and this will continue to happen in the future. |
| 30 | high | A level of discontent and animosity towards the manager for having to stay late. Frustration because it isn’t that employees normal responsibilities. |
| 31 | low | I think this manager’s behavior is unfair. They leveraged their power to coerce this employee into a very difficult position where they almost have no choice in what they can do. |
| 32 | low | The work environment seems kind of toxic, and the manager seems like he often gets away with things like that. |
| 33 | low | I think that the manager lost the employees trust. If I were that employee I would either go to HR or start looking for another job. Perhaps both |
| 34 | high | The employee had to do what is asked of him, even if it does not fall on his specific responsibilities to do it. His future in the company is at stake and he has no choice but to comply. |
| 35 | low | the manager’s employees definitely respect him or her a lot less after acting like that. Nobody wants to work at a job they don’t get to define, and having somebody be a dick about it makes everything worse. |
| 36 | high | I feel like the manager did not take them in to considering and used this situation to deny time off or schedule changes. |
| 37 | high | If it were me, I would have quit. Unfortunately, the worker most likely sucked it up and did the work to prevent being punished by the manager. |
| 38 | high | I think that the worker probably stayed and did the report. The manager was basically threatening job related retaliation against the worker. |
| 39 | high | I doubt that there was any consequence for the manager due to his behavior, but the worker likely reluctantly agreed to do the additional work in fear that their other privileges would be taken away. |
| 40 | high | i think the manager didn’t give the worker a choice but to write the report, he basically threatened him with his days off which isn’t cool |
| 41 | low | The manager was asking for extra help when needed. I don’t think it was too unreasonable. |
| 42 | low | I think the worker did the report as instructed by the manager, even if the report wasn’t written in the correct way. |
| 43 | high | The work handled the manager with grace and showed professionalism while dealing with this specific setting in their office. |
| 44 | low | Wow, that sounds very unfair. I would guess the worker was upset and felt mistreated by his manager and probably resentful. |
| 45 | low | The workers behavior is justified and has no experience doing such a thing which could result in mistakes. On the other hand learning how to do it could add more value to yourself and a raise in the future. |
| 46 | low | The managers behavior of weaponizing time off and schedule changes resulted in a complaint to HR. The extra work that remained should be the responsibility of the manager due to the leave of the other employee. |
| 47 | high | It depends on that particular workplace. I’m not familiar with it so it’s hard to make an assumption as to what happened. People’s dynamics ate different and some managers will keep workers on that they are not thrilled with sometimes. |
| 48 | high | I believe the manager made his life much more difficult at work and would not let him take request for time off or any other favor he would need from work. |
| 49 | high | The worker most likely lost confidence in the manager, and also probably felt as though the job was not as desirable as it once was. Not everyone is willing to do additional work that is not their responsibility, but they also shouldn’t have it held against them in unfair ways. |
| 50 | low | I imagine this worker was much less likely to put in any extra effort in their job in the future. Quiet quitting is a real possibility. |
| 51 | low | I think the manager is threatening the employee with something when they should not be |
| 52 | high | I believe the manager did not give them time off and schedule changes as they stated. Which made the worker more than likely take it to the higher ups. As what the manager is doing is probably illegal, considering the report are not in the worker job description. The job should have got someone who knew how to do the reports before the person who does them went on leave. Not just pick a random person. |
| 53 | low | The worker felt like he was being a little insubordinate and would feel pressured to do what the manager is asking of them. |
| 54 | low | I would assume that the worker had negative repercussions from refusing to complete the task (not looked at for promotions/ bonuses, less prioritized for PTO, more negative outlook from manager). I would anticipate the worker would feel resentful and unfairly targeted by the manager. |
| 55 | low | Honestly no manager should be speaking to their employee like this. Everyone has specific working hours and they can’t always stay afterwards. |
| 56 | high | It sounded like a tit for tat where as that is not how it should work. He did not sound professional and he sounded as if he had control to make the employee suffer if he didn’t do what he asked not that it was his responsiblity or a part of his job. |
| 57 | high | The worker probably decided it was in their best interest to give in and do the reports as requested by their manager. The worker may have also decided it was time to start looking for a different place to work, since their manager was threatening them in this manner |
| 58 | high | Nothing happened to the manager at all. The worker would have stayed and done the report so that he wouldn’t be on the manager’s bad side. |
| 59 | low | Probably the worker felt compelled and was bullied into doing it. So the boss probably got what he wanted, with likely resentment to follow and that worker looking for n exit to that company, with no real loyalty to it. |
| 60 | high | I believe nothing negative happened to the manager. Things like this happen all the time. This simply isn’t a place I would continue to work. I would hope the worker would start looking for other opputunities elsewhere. |
| 61 | high | The worker probably stayed late to do the reports, this also probably undermined the relationship between the worker and manager. |
| 62 | low | He or she was probably upset and now won’t view their boss/work the same way |
| 63 | low | The worker felt frustrated by the manager’s overbearing and unrealistic request, causing a growing tension between the two. |
| 64 | high | I think the worker would give in and do the task the manager wants because of the threat the manger gave the worker. |
| 65 | high | probably nothing. i just had the same thing happen to me. we shouldnt have to do more than what we get paid for if its not in the job description we shouldnt have to do it. |
| 66 | low | The worker probably would have been upset but I also think he would have stayed late and do the job. Although I think that it is not ok to threaten the coworkers with no leave or schedule changes, I also think that the worker should have stepped up and do the required report. |
| 67 | high | I think there was no consequence and the worker would be seen in a bad light from that moment on on front of the manager. |
| 68 | high | I think the worker would always be walking on eggshells following this and the manager would have no negative consequence |
| 69 | high | I think the manager would eventually have another worker do the report and the worker would feel targeted because I expect the manager to act as though he were |
| 70 | high | I’m sure the worker did what he was told, though he was not happy about it. Then he looked for another job. |
| 71 | low | I think the worker ended up staying because they were afraid of retaliation. The worker probably also started looking for a new job soon after that incident. |
| 72 | low | I am sure the worker was upset. This worker may have quit or went to HR to report the episode. |
| 73 | low | I think the employee stayed late and did what was requested. If not, than I think there’s a chance that employee may no longer be working there. |
| 74 | low | I think that the worker was definitely marginalized and mistreated by the manager in the future. I think the worker reacted appropriately, and that the manager is a terrible manager for trying to force someone else to deal with their terrible management of the situation. |
| 75 | low | The employee probably started looking for other jobs. While it was disappointing for the employee to not want to do the task, it’s within their right. The manager shouldn’t be in a management position if they think they can threaten to deny time off and schedule changes. |
| 76 | high | I think the manager was right to ask but not demand. I don’t think anything happened to the manager nor do I think the employee was wrong. |
| 77 | high | The worker promptly began to work on the assigned task. The worker was very upset since their job security was being threatened. |
| 78 | high | The worker may have agreed to do the requested work in order to have a better chance to get time off or schedule changes in the future. |
| 79 | high | Well, if I were the worker I think they were probably very angry, and would probably hold steady and refuse to do the job especially being confronted in such a way. |
| 80 | low | This was an attack on a worker who was not trained to do the job of another employee. It was personal, and rude. If the manager needed coverage for report writing then the employee should have been trained for it. Penalizing the employee by withholding personal time or cutting his hours is an attack. I would take it up with HR as soon as possible. |
| 81 | high | I think the worker would be pissed. They would probably do the report in order to keep their job though. Maybe they would tell HR. Who knows? |
| 82 | low | I think the worker probably did the report as asked, though he was probably not happy about it. |
| 83 | low | I think the worker who was targeted by the manager would quit their job. That’s a consequence to the manager because then they have one less employee to help with the workload. |
| 84 | high | I think the manager would make sure that the employees do what is asked or told of them. I believe the worker would comply with the manager. |
| 85 | high | There worker likely stayed to finish the report and develops resentment to the manager and the job. |
| 86 | low | The worker probably did the work asked of him, but only because he felt threatened to do so. The worker was given an ultimatum. |
| 87 | low | I think the worker was very uncooperative in not wanting to do the reports, but as it wasn’t part of his job I can understand it. Maybe he didn’t have the skills to do it. Since he was so strong in coming against his manager like that, I think he quit. |
| 88 | low | I think the co-worker probably completed the task, and became more motivated to look for another job. Sometimes work like this is motivating because it can lead to a promotion of some sort, but based on how unmotivated the employee was to complete the task, he is probably now more likely to try to find another job. |
| 89 | high | The worker hopefully backed down and did what they were required to do. I’m sure the worker wasn’t thrilled about it, but, seeing as the worker doesn’t run the company and the manager does, they probably should listen. |
| 90 | high | I think the worker would either feel intimated into doing the work and giving up free labor or the worker would want to quit. |
| 91 | high | He probably wasn’t able to use that time off. I bet he either threatened to quit or will soon consider it. |
| 92 | low | The worker likely felt frustrated and resentful toward the manager’s demands as it showed a lack of recognition for the worker’s job boundaries and responsibilities. This behavior from the manager also seems unethical and unprofessional. The worker may have felt demotivated and hesitant to go the extra mile for this manager in the future. |
| 93 | low | The worker went to HR and complained about what the manager said to them. The manager was probably talked to about how to handle workers better and to not threaten employees. |
| 94 | low | After this incident I think moving forward there would be distrust and a general bad attitude towards both the coworker and the manager. People would have to take sides and that would create animosity in the department. The worker would probably start thinking of leaving their job and looking for somewhere else to work, they may also go to upper management to complain about having to do work outside their scope of skills. |
| 95 | high | I imagine the worker stayed and did the project even though they did not want to, nor was it their responsibility. The manager was threatening toward the worker, so they likely felt quite intimidated. |
| 96 | low | The worker was probably resentful in the moment, given that it is a task they don’t normally complete. However, hopefully they would be able to see the need of the team (with a coworker out on medical leave) and understand the manager’s comments that in order to give people benefits like time off, they sometimes need to give a little in order for the team to accomplish their goals. The worker may be more accepting of this argument if they also see the manager being willing to pitch in and help when needed. |
| 97 | high | The worker probably ended up staying late to do the report due to the implication that they would later be left without their vacation or future assistance. They probably did not however do a very good job at the report and turned in sub par work, even if it was objectively completed. |
| 98 | low | The manager blew up because he expected the worker just to do what he was told. The worker didn’t appreciate that and was threaten by the manager. |
| 99 | high | I believe the worker would stay late even if they don’t want to. |
| 100 | high | The worker likely felt pressured and resentful, agreeing to stay late out of fear of losing future benefits. They might have lost in the manager and become more cautious about requesting time off. |
| 101 | low | In the same office as described before. I can understand the frustration on both sides. I think the manager was justified in saying what they did. Considering the worker’s reaction was out of culture. I don’t think the manager needed to double down how they did and I’m sure they apologized. The best way to handle this was not telling the employee last minute it was expected of them. That’s not fair. If they knew ahead of time. They should have audited the available office members or tasked a few to add it to their responsibilities ahead of time. Like even in this scenario the manager should have suggested staying late and working thru it with them. Then just delegating. The worst types of bosses are more willing to delegate than do themselves. If I was the manager I would have added the extra responsibility to myself first and asked around if I didn’t think I was able to handle it myself. |
| 102 | high | I think that the coworker most likely did stay late, even though it wasn’t his job. The manager pretty much manipulated the coworker by saying that they wouldn’t be able to accommodate their needs if they didn’t step up and do this work. |
| 103 | low | I feel as though the worker felt that what the manager had said was unfair. My guess is that they stayed to do so, but will double think any time that they think they might need some time off. |
| 104 | low | The worker would need to consider their future with the company. The worker was not flexible when needed and may not meet the expectations of the company. The manager likely found someone else to take care of the reports, who would eventually receive a better review. |
| 105 | high | The employee probably begrudgingly accepted the work. They will probably do it poorly though. |
| 106 | high | I would hope that the manager got reported to their HR department, because that type of threatening behavior is unacceptable. I hope the employee reported the manager to HR, and that the manager got put on a Performance Improvement Plan (if not fired). |
| 107 | high | hopefully the employee pushed back and dared him to not approve time off |
| 108 | high | I think that the worker would step up & do what his manager told him to do because at the end of the day you do what you’re told to do by the manager. |
| 109 | high |
Under pressure and frustrated by the manager’s ultimatum, the worker likely felt a range of emotions, such as resentment and anxiety. Although he initially resisted accepting more responsibility, the manager’s stern demeanor and hints about future scheduling and support fostered a sense of obligation in him. Due to the manager’s behavior, the worker may have reluctantly agreed to stay late and finish the report, but his motivation to perform well might have decreased. This could result in feelings of disengagement and a lack of ownership over the task, as he would see it more as an imposition rather than a collaborative effort. Over time, the worker may begin to consider his job security and the general workplace atmosphere, questioning whether he fits into a team that appears to prioritize compliance over individual contributions. He might also become more hesitant in setting boundaries in future scenarios due to concerns about potential backlash for resisting managerial demands. This could result in diminished trust and morale within the team, potentially reducing productivity and increasing turnover as employees reassess their dedication to a manager who relies on intimidation rather than support to achieve results. |
| 110 | low | The worker could become a target now. It’s not his responsibility to do a job he isn’t trained to do. |
| 111 | high | I think that the worker started to do the work. You can look for a new job if you want but it seems like the culture in this workplace is tough. |
| 112 | low | The reaction would be shocked and surprised of how the manager talked to the worker because the worker didn’t won’t to do the work that he is not his responsibility. Reaction would have also been moody. |
| 113 | low | The worker complied to the extra work so that they can be able to take off in the future. |
| 114 | low | The worker may probably stop paying proper attention to his duties |
| 115 | high | Seems like the manager doesn’t care much about me. Based on the description of the workplace I doubt anything happened to the manager. This seems like the culture at this work place. |
| 116 | high |
The manager’s actions probably fostered a tense environment, potentially leading to various consequences. The targeted worker might have experienced feelings of frustration and demotivation, viewing the manager’s demand as both unreasonable and intrusive. This pressure could cultivate resentment towards the manager, along with anxiety about job security and future expectations. As a result, the worker might have become less engaged or committed to his job, feeling that his contributions were undervalued and his role was not respected. He may also have shared these feelings with colleagues, creating a sense of solidarity among teammates who had similar concerns. If this negative experience persisted without resolution, he might consider seeking other opportunities where his skills and boundaries would be recognized and respected, possibly leading to turnover and destabilizing team dynamics. |
| 117 | high | I think the manager definitely should get a talking to, seems quite inappropriate especially considering what my coworkers duties are. |
| 118 | low | There was likely no response to the managers behavior. I was inappropriate. The manager should have planned on doing the report themself. That is their job |
| 119 | low | I think that they would definitely be discouraged, and probably afraid and a little shocked as well. They would probably hesitate to stand up for themselves in the future, or might look for another job. |
| 120 | low | I believe the worker likely felt threatened into doing things outside of his job description and did it so as not to rock the boat. |
| 121 | low | The worker definitely did not like the behavior. He did not seem to want to work on something that isn’t his responsibility. |
| 122 | high | The worker probably had to take a minute to evaluate the situation as there are costs to their behavior. Assuming the worker didn’t get even angrier after the managers threat, I think they finished the report. |
| 123 | high | I think the worker would have reacted negatively toward the manager’s response, but ultimately decided to do the report to avoid the threat of not getting time off. |
Manipulation check: Competitive Worldview
- This is a dog-eat-dog workplace where you have to be ruthless at
times
- In this workplace, there is really no such thing as “right and
wrong.” It all boils down to what you can get away with
- One of the most useful skills an employee in this workplace should
develop is how to look someone in the eye and lie convincingly
- In this workplace, it is better to be loved than to be feared
[R]
- In this workplace, you should do you unto others as you would have them do unto you [R]
Cronbach’s alpha = 0.89
Relationship impact
In your opinion, what was the impact of this incident on the employee’s relationship with this manager? (1 = It had a strong negative effect on their relationship with their manager to 7 = It had a strong positive effect on their relationship with their manager)
Compliance impact
In your opinion, to what extent did the employee comply with what the manager was seeking or requesting? (1 = They did not comply at all with what the manager was seeking to 7 = They completely complied with what the manager was seeking)
Own behavior: Likelihood
If you were the manager in this workplace, facing this situation, how likely would you be to act in the way the manager did, as described earlier? (1 = Not at All Likely to 5 = Extremely Likely)
Own behavior: Similarity
If you were the manager in this situation, to what extent could you imagine acting in a way that is similar to what the manager did? (1 = Not at All Similar to 5 = Extremely Similar)
Own behavior: Anchors
The prior Connect participant who described this episode summarized
the manager’s behavior this way:
Threatened to deny future requests by the worker
We also asked them what other approach the manager could have taken. The
participant wrote:
Apologized for the tone, offered an explanation, and pleaded with
the worker to reconsider
Between these two alternatives, which would you have been more likely to
enact? (0 = Apologized for the tone, offered an explanation, and
pleaded with the worker to reconsider; 10 = Threatened to deny
future requests by the worker)
Analysis
Manipulation check: CWV
| cond | N | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | 62 | 4.922581 | 1.1853504 |
| low | 59 | 2.244068 | 0.9965927 |
t(117.24) = 13.48, p = 0, Lower CI = 2.28,
Upper CI = 3.07, d = 2.49.
Relationship impact
| cond | N | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | 62 | 1.677419 | 0.954269 |
| low | 59 | 1.779661 | 1.554391 |
t(95.4) = -0.43, p = 0.666, Lower CI = -0.57,
Upper CI = 0.37, d = -0.09.
Compliance impact
| cond | N | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | 62 | 3.322581 | 2.140738 |
| low | 59 | 2.576271 | 2.001753 |
t(118.97) = 1.98, p = 0.05, Lower CI = 0,
Upper CI = 1.49, d = 0.36.
Own behavior: Likelihood
| cond | N | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | 62 | 1.919355 | 1.191478 |
| low | 59 | 1.694915 | 1.086821 |
t(118.79) = 1.08, p = 0.281, Lower CI =
-0.19, Upper CI = 0.63, d = 0.2.
Own behavior: Similarity
| cond | N | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | 62 | 1.854839 | 1.084114 |
| low | 59 | 1.644068 | 1.062896 |
t(118.89) = 1.08, p = 0.282, Lower CI =
-0.18, Upper CI = 0.6, d = 0.2.
Own behavior: Achors
| cond | N | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | 62 | 2.693548 | 2.545254 |
| low | 59 | 2.000000 | 2.341529 |
t(118.87) = 1.56, p = 0.121, Lower CI =
-0.19, Upper CI = 1.57, d = 0.29.
Mediation model 1: Relationship expectancies
a = -0.1 (p = 0.662)
b = 0.42 (p = 0)
direct = 0.22 (p = 0.282)
indirect = 0.27 (p = 0.151)
Mediation model 2: Compliance expectancies
a = 0.75 (p = 0.05)
b = -0.06 (p = 0.247)
direct = 0.22 (p = 0.282)
indirect = 0.27 (p = 0.206)