Background

This is a pilot of an experimental manipulation of CWV in the workplace.

Participants were shown the following:

We have previously asked participants on Connect to describe their workplace and an incident involving their manager. Today, we will show you a response from one participant and ask for your thoughts about it.

We first asked participants to describe the general atmosphere of their workplace. In the following page is what one participant wrote:

HIGH CWV CONDITION:
Where I work is pretty cut throat and competitive. you cant trust anybody, sometimes it feels like you gotta do whatever you gotta do to get ahead. success is all about manipulation and taking advantage of others, knowing how to play the game better than everyone else.

LOW CWV CONDITION:
Where I work is pretty supportive. you can really trust other people and it feels like other people trust you. the people who get ahead are collaborative and honest.it’s a culture of cooperation, people go out of their way to help each other. success is all about teamwork.

Try to picture yourself in this workplace. Imagine being in this environment day after day, relating to coworkers in this way.

In the space below, please write 1-2 sentences about how you would act (competitively or cooperatively) toward your coworkers in this workplace environment.

[OPEN RESPONSE]

Then, participants completed workplace version of CWV, as a manipulation check.

Then, they read:

We asked the same participants to describe a specific incident in which their manager wanted to get an employee to perform a task at work.

The same participant went on to describe the following incident:

HOT DOMINANCE:
One time, my manager wanted one of the other workers to get a project done faster. I guess there was a deadline. when the manager saw th eworker taking a break, he walked over and shouted at him,he was very angry. the manager made fun of him for not working hard enough, in front of everyone, talking to him like he was alittle baby. the manager demmanded that he pick up his pace, saying that if not he would lose his bonus and might be out of a job.

COLD DOMINANCE:
One time, my manager wanted one of the other workers to take on an extra task that wasnt something he would normally do.it was boring, unpleasant, fixing a mistake the manager had made. the worker resisted at first. the manager threatened him, telling him that if he didnt do it, his upcoming vacation would not be approved.

Then, participants completed the following measures: Open response of relationship impact, relationship impact, compliance impact, own behavior like the manager, norms, and relationship concerns.

Demographics

Race

race N Perc
asian 15 10.00
black 26 17.33
hispanic 10 6.67
multiracial 10 6.67
white 88 58.67
NA 1 0.67

Gender

gender N Perc
man 85 56.67
woman 65 43.33

Age

age_mean age_sd
37.13699 9.680859

Education

edu N Perc
GED 29 19.33
2yearColl 17 11.33
4yearColl 74 49.33
MA 20 13.33
PHD 10 6.67

Income

Measures

Open responses

Reflection on workplace environment

PID cond reflection
2 low I would do my best to reciprocate the care and goodwill that others are showing. I would appreciate and be thankful for the open, collaborative culture and do my best to help others as well.
3 high I would try to remain on good terms with everyone but if came down to it and it got cutthroat I’d have to focus on myself
5 high I would do things to help my own chances. I would put myself first.
6 high I do not think I would last long in a work environment such as this. I feel it would be too much of a detriment to my mental health if this was my environment for 40 hours a week.
7 high I would have to act competitively. If I didn’t everyone else would take advantage of me.
8 high I would not work in such an environment. There are too many jobs where the stress level would not be that high.
9 high i would try to help my workplace out and try to fix the issues
10 low I would give them the benefit of the doubt and genuinely enjoy being around them, working in a cooperative environment.
11 high i would be very competitive and only look out for myself. I would go in do my work and leave. I probably wouldn’t make very many friends in this environment as i wouldn’t trust anyone.
12 low I would be sure to be courteous with all my associates and be sure to help them in any way possible, I know that if we work as a team then we can reach team goals in effective timeframes.
13 high I would be a relatively mistrustful of coworkers, and I would probably be super aware of the quality and quantity of work they are doing to make sure I compare favorably to them.
14 high I would act in a very fake way to my coworkers. On the surface, I would be nice and friendly but on the inside I would be devious and scheming.
15 high I would put on the act of being a team player, but secretly be doing anything I can to get ahead. I work at this job to make money and get ahead, not to make friends.
16 high If I’m being totally honest, I would probably quit this job immediately. However, assuming I’m stuck where I am, I would behave cooperatively with my coworkers because I’m not the competitive type, so at least I would try to get along with people.
17 high I would hate to work at this a place like this. If you can not enjoy where you work a place you have to spend most of your time then it is not worth the effort to me.
18 low My workplace is actually exactly like this. So I know firsthand that I would work cooperatively along with my coworkers in this environment. However, there is always room for some friendly competition.
19 high I would stick to my own morals and still work cooperatively. I think showing I can be a team player and put teamwork and prioritizing the firm’s goals over my own personal gain will end up in rewards in the long term
20 high I would try to act as cooperatively as possible. I hate environments that are overly competitive and cutthroat so I would probably be miserable. I’d try to stay as calm and cooperative as possible.
21 low I would always be available to help other co-workers and I would encourage the culture of teamwork.
22 high i feel everyone will be fully aware of the competitive atmosphere, it will be frustrating but i do want to grow in the company so i wouldnt mind backstabbing co workers
23 high I would act friendly and try to be approachable and not get on anyone’s bad side. I would also try to win people over so they’d be more likely to say good things about me so I can get ahead
24 high In this type of workspace I would do as little work as possible without getting fired while I look for a new job
25 low In this sort of environment I would be cooperative towards my coworkers since we’re all working together to achieve our goals. I’d help my coworkers if they needed help and would assume they would do the same
26 low I would act pretty cooperatively in this workplace. I have never been in a very competitive working environment to begin with.
27 high I would probably be on guard all the time. I would not trust anybody and look out for myself.
28 high I would be someone that would work bare minimum and not interact with anyone at all. I would be actively searching for a job in the meantime as well.
29 low In this scenario I would be most inclined to work together with the other employees. I feel like this type of workplace is uncommon in America, most workplaces I have been in have been ultra competitive and cut-throat. I think this place described would be a nice change from that.
30 high I would do my best to hold my own in a cold, cutthroat environment like this. I would hold myself accountable and view others in a competitive way. I wouldn’t like a job like this because I don’t want to work in that kind of environment, and it sounds way too stressful.
31 high I would begin to mistrust my coworkers. I wouldn’t be able to go to them for help which would lead to my own burnout.
32 high I would try to make friends with everyone and try to let my work speak for itself.
33 low I enjoy working in a collaborative environment. Being a member of a team is important to me and I feel greater job satisfaction when part of a team.
34 low I would try my best to make sure I work cooperatively with my coworkers since I know I am supported and can be myself in this environment. I would feel like I’m part of a family and would try my best to work together with everyone there.
35 low I would communicate any issues good or bad to teammates. I would go out of my to help in any way possible.
36 low I would be happy in this setting and willing to help other coworkers when they had too much to get done, I would also be happy to help them cover their work when they were off.
37 high I would not interact with my co-workers at all. I would try to stay under the radar to avoid the workplace drama.
38 high I would try my best to behave competitively to get along in the workplace. However, I’m cooperative by nature and would probably have a difficult time in this kind of environment.
39 low i would act very cooperatively towards my coworkers, collaboration is highly favored.
40 high I would put myself and my well being before my co-workers and if I felt that the environment was as toxic and hostile as this user claims, I would immediately look for another job.
41 low In the workplace, I am someone who likes to build relationships with even the ones who are hard to get along with. I believe everyone got hired knowing the workplace’s ethics and mission. So on that foundation, I would work cooperatively. However, if someone acts, cutthroat, then I will change my strategy accordingly.
42 low This feels like a workplace where you can trust and collaborate safely with your coworkers. In this workplace, I would trust and enjoy cooperating with my colleagues.
43 low I would generally be pleased by this environment, giving forth extra effort towards treating my coworkers properly.
44 low It would be a delight to work somewhere that was cooperative and collaborative. Especially those two things were what your success was based upon.
45 low I would act cooperatively towards my co-workers. Everyone supports each other and works together as a team which would be a pleasant place to work.
46 low I would act cooperatively because that is the norm. I think we can get a lot of work done if we help each other.
47 high I would not trust people at my workplace and not make friends. I’d watch what I said to make sure it wasn’t used against me later.
48 low i would feel very free in this type of workplace . all my ideas would be voiced out easily because i know they will be heard and respected
49 high I would act competitive in a distant way. I would have a hard time being friendly on the surface in this sort of environment and I would not share information in a strategic manner so that I could secretly get ahead.
50 high I would not do very well in this environment as I do not have a cutthroat mentality. I work much better when teammates can cooperate and work together so I would continue on that path in this job.
51 low I think that a culture of supportiveness would foster cooperation across the team and compel me to also be cooperative.
52 low This workplace environment sounds like a dream! I would love working in a collaborative and supportive environment. I would definitely act cooperatively, instead of competitively.
53 low I would be more willing to put in effort because everyone around me is doing the same to meet a shared goal. I would want to help everyone as they are also helping me.
54 high I would focus on seeing how other people operate that have moved up, focusing more on networking with those above me to have a better idea what I need to do. I would also be more secretive with what I was doing to ensure no one else could replicate my performance.
55 high I would act like everyone else to get by until I could find another job. That is a toxic environment and unhealthy to be in.
56 low This seems like a very lovely workplace to be in. It obviously actively encourages collaboration and working together. So I would certainly go with that - both because I enjoy it and because of the culture of the workplace.
57 low I would act very cooperatively since that is the kind of attitude being fostered. It feels good to be in an environment where people are working together positively.
58 high I would probably be less friendly or open about my life outside of work and instead be focused on doing my best work to try to get ahead.
59 low I would definitely act cooperatively toward my coworkers in this environment. It seems like there is great teamwork and trust in this workplace. In all it sounds like a great place to work.
61 high I would act cooperatively toward my coworkers because I’m not a very competitive person. I am perfectly happy in my job as an individual contributor, and I have no aspirations to be a manager or keep climbing higher at work. So if I were in this situation, I don’t think I would be as affected by the environment as someone who is competitive.
62 low I would level set expectations with the team to insure everyone knew their role in the team. Ensure the team has a clear specific goal to achieve. Recognize the team and individuals as progress is made along the way.
63 low Working in an environment like that would be wonderful. I am someone who feeds off of other’s energies in a big way, and being surrounded by others who care about cooperation and teamwork would make me want to give that back ten times.
64 high I would feel rather uncomfortable and stressed in this workplace environment. I do not want to have this type of relationship with my coworkers, it is not productive for the organization or individuals. While it is in my nature to be cooperative, I fear I would be influenced by the environment to be more competitive than I normally would.
65 high In a work environment that is cutthroat, I would try to be cooperative and helpful. I would try to not give in to that mindset because that is not naturally who I am.
66 high I think in this environment I would be forced to act competitively. I would keep secrets from my coworkers, and be way less willing to help them out with tasks. I would probably dread going to work every day, but that wouldn’t stop me from still being competitive.
67 low Based on the previous workplace description, I’d act in a cooperative manner with my coworkers. If people are getting along with each other and not stabbing coworkers in the back in order to get ahead, I would act the same. I probably wouldn’t be as withdrawn from these coworkers as I currently am.
68 high I would always treat my coworkers with professional courtesy and respect that is expected in the workplace. I would find it difficult to find the desire to continue to work in an environment like this. So I would probably start looking for other employment.
69 low I would feel relaxed and comfortable. I wouldn’t feel the need to be nervous or uncomfortable asking for help, or offering help, or anything else.
70 low I would act warmly towards them and such a work space will foster growth and healthy and positive relation among everyone
71 high I can see myself as trying to get ahead each and every day. I would be stressed out from all the competition.
72 high If I want to stay and survive in this environment, I would have to play along with the rules and adopt the known culture in the company
73 high i would act cooperatively, but hiding my competitive nature, helping me to max my actions
74 high cooperation is key but i still need my competitive side to succeed
75 low I would be very cooperatively at work, but in a way that lessens the burden on me. I wouldn’t take the lead on many projects, choosing to support the work of other leads. Helping others in a support role is usually far less work for me.
76 low I would cooperate with the employees there to help make things work easier. It is a dream working environment to have everyone help each other. It would be great to help to accomplish the same goal and do it easier and together.
77 high Working at this place would be absolutely exhausting, knowing that day after day you have to fight with your coworkers to get ahead would put such stress on me. I would do what I had to do and try to play the game better than my coworkers but I don’t think I would enjoy it.
78 low I would be of the cooperative spirit in the work environment. I would think the work culture would benefit the most from teamwork.
79 high In this kind of workplace described, I would most definitely act competitively as that’s the only way to survive and get ahead here.
80 low I would be very happy to work in this environment because it is great and would be enabling
81 high I would more than likely keep to myself, with my head down and no really speak to others and would just focus on my work. If I did talk to people, I would make sure to really scope them out to see if they are trust worthy so they could be on my side if needed, and even then I wouldn’t really trust them too much, as I naturally distrust others having too much influence and power over me.
82 low It is a great working environment and I would be happy to work in such environment
83 low I feel like I would try to keep the same vibe that the office has going. I would try to be kind and pleasant and cooperative to everyone else.
84 low I tend to be a bit of a hand grenade in whatever workplace I’m in. Workplaces need diversity of thought and people to play devil’s advocate for better perspective. Since this place is mostly cooperative, I’d probably try to spice it up with some competitive prodding.
85 high I would mentally acknowledge the scenario. I have experienced it. It is best to learn as much as you can and develop your unique skills. Stay focused and understand the goal of the company. There are always good people around, regardless of the circumstances.
86 low In a co-operative workplace, collegiality is the norm. I’d happily participate in such a culture, helping my teammates to thrive, and probably helping my employer to thrive as well.
87 low I would encourage my coworkers often, and celebrate their wins with them. I would also borrow techniques from other teammates who are experiencing success and integrate them into my workflow.
88 high This is a kind of environment I would thrive in, love competition and out doing myself and anyone I see as a challenger or opposition. Although, I would never do anything do put a co worker in harms way. I will simply cooperate with who wishes to cooperate with me and ensure to surpass the rest.
89 high I would be nice to every person that I work with. I would not try to manipulate or cheat to get ahead. I would be me and do my job the best I could and if that didn’t work, it was not meant to be.
90 low I would enjoy working in this environment and helping my team. I would feel encouraged to work hard and to help my team.
91 high If I had to contend with that type of work atmosphere, then I’d really just stay focused on doing my work to the best of my ability. I very well may begin looking for a new job at some point.
92 high In this workplace environment, I would balance professionalism with competitiveness ensuring my contributions stand out while maintaining my integrity
93 low In a workplace where I am required to work everyday, I would want to be around respectful people and play as a team player to the company that I work for
94 high I would be competitive. i would also leave soon. Sounds terrible.
95 low I would attempt to be collaborative with my coworkers, even if didn’t get along with them because of the workplace culture. This is especially the case if I was a brand new hire.
96 low In this supportive workplace I would act cooperatively, prioritizing teamwork and to achive goals
97 low I would be friendly towards my coworkers. I would want to build relationships with them rather than trying to ruin them.
98 low Sounds like a pipe dream as there are always bumps in the road and personalities clash. I can see if this was the case most of the time, but it never runs this smoothly in my experience.
99 low I always act in a professional manner when I’m at work. I work very competitively, but in a friendly way.
100 low I would be very cooperative towards my co-workers in this environment. I would offer to help them get their projects completed as I know they would help me as well if I need help for anything. It would just be a great place to work for as everyone would look out for each other and help each other succeed.
101 high I have to be careful with all my action and not to trust anyone. Just do my job and go home after my shift.
102 high If I was working in an environment like this I would do my best to be cooperative while simultaneously looking for a better opportunity. I have worked for places like this in the past and it is not a healthy situation to be in and needs to be changed immediately.
103 high I would make sure that I had everything i needed for success. I would focus on myself more than anything. i would also not have any friends at work. I would be comopetitive and out for everything i can possibly get.
104 low I would aim to act as cooperatively as possible, while still considering my wellbeing. It seems like this workplace will reward you more for cooperation towards your coworkers than competition.
105 high i would be constantly stressed and on alert. I would not be co-operating with any of my coworkers.
106 low I’m not sure how strong i would feel in the moment.
107 low I don’t feel the environment would be competitive if the team is willing to help each other to reach the goals of the company. In this type of company I feel that if the team would help you if they don’t risk sacrificing meeting their set deadlines.
108 low i usually try to have a group or teamwork mentality so i try to look at the bigger picture and welcome friendly competition. a little compettition is healthy and boosts morale and productivity.
109 low I would act cooperatively, going out of my way to help coworkers and contribute to teamwork success.
110 low I would act cooperatively. It seems like teamwork at this location matters the most. And I would not try and compete with anyone really
111 high I would ideally like to work cooperatively with co-workers, but also believe I would become competitive over time. Over time I would build resentment towards my supervisor and co-workers
112 low I’d be friendly and helpful with my coworkers. Just like I try to be in real life.
113 high I would be pretty cold to my coworkers and not see them as just friends. I would have to always be on alert to protect myself.
114 high I would be cooperative I would also consider looking for a new job.
115 high Cooperatively. It is my nature to act that way. if the situation actually strikes me as being as non-cooperative as it strikes the individual who described it, I would likely not stay in that environment for long. Life is too short to spend time fighting against others and has enough challenges that we need to face together, that there is no sense in wasting my time energy on challenges that are unneccesary.
116 low I would treat my coworkers with a sense of respect and dignity. Cooperation towards a common goal would be the main theme of this outfit.
117 low I would be cooperative and ask everyone if they needed help. I would also ask how everyone was that day
118 high It is not in my nature to play games, so in this situation, I would act cooperatively. Maintain good relationship with everyone and foster togetherness.
119 high I will act competitively by been diligent at my work. and also make sure I do the right thing at the right time.
120 high I imagine I would be fairly competitive, I would not trust my coworkers. I would be cordial but professional and not build friendships.
121 low I would try to fit in and respect the culture of collaboration and trust. I would bring a good attitude and work hard.
122 high I would likely be fairly competitive. Although it sounds like doing this every day would begin to feel toxic.
123 high Well, if I was in this work place environment, I would for sure keep my guard up at all times. Also, I’ll look for ways to get key information of positioning power to stay ahead of everyone else.
124 low I would act friendly for the most part. Our office is pretty laid back so I would interact with them like I would a normal friend. I would not be competitive and would be cooperative when we had to work together.
125 low I would engage with my coworkers cooperatively, promoting a culture of teamwork, mutual respect, and problem-solving to enhance productivity and maintain a positive work environment.
126 high In such a highly competitive setting I am inclined to adopt a more aggressive strategy to safeguard my interests and achieve success using strategic tactics to manage office politics
127 high In a cut throat work environment, I wouldn’t worry too much about my coworkers. I’m there to do my job. I would do my best to get along with them, but if I can’t then I will take on a competitive nature to succeed.
128 low I would be cooperative in this workspace. Everyone works together to achieve a common goal that is for the good of the company. I would work diligently with my coworkers on any task that was asked of me and consider working longer hours.
129 high That sounds extremely stressful. I imagine I would do my best to keep my head down, while also likely looking for a job that seems like a better fit and doesn’t make me miserable. I haven’t been in an environment like that in quite a long time, and I would prefer not to be.
130 high I would try to engage a cooperative environment. I dislike cutthroat nature of a place and it is better for everyone’s health if it’s calm
131 low I need to act cooperatively in such work cultures because the organization fosters a friendly and collaborative environment.
132 low Based on that description I believe that it would be best to act cooperatively within that workplace environment. Helping out coworkers and also asking them for help when needed would create the best working environment.
133 high I’m not a competitive person so I would try to cooperate as much as I could. However, if every single coworker is manipulative and competitive and untrustworthy I would keep to myself and make sure my words and actions cant be used against me. If it gets too bad, I may just find another job.
134 high I would focus on keeping my guard up and being strategic with my relationships. I’d likely play the game by staying ahead, using information wisely, and making sure to outmaneuver others without showing too much vulnerability.
135 high i work competitively i would make sure i do my own work and look out for myself. i would make sure i do my work right and not overshared personal inforamtion.
136 low I would work cooperatively with my coworkers. In this world, if everyone works to the best of their ability, there is more than enough resources available to give all employees the compensation they deserve .
137 low I would act very cooperatively in a workplace like this i would feel like me and some of my close coworkers are are a nice and solid unit. Like together we will make each other better.
138 low I would feel like I can rely on my team for help when I’m behind. Knowing that fact, I would feel empowered and supported at work.
139 low I imagine that this is a place that fosters teamwork, and that everyone’s ideas are considered and no one is afraid to share their opinion. This is the work environment that most employees strive to find. I would be open to feedback from my colleagues, and would feel comfortable asking questions and reaching out for help.
140 low I would actively cooperate with my co-workers, building trust and supporting others while growing with the help of other workers.
141 low I would prioritize collaboration and shared success than individual success.
142 high I would strive to work cooperatively with my coworkers by fostering open communication, supporting team goals, and collaborating to solve problems efficiently. While i value teamwork, I would also maintain a sense of healthy competition to motivate myself and others to perform at our best.
143 high In this highly competitive environment, I would stay alert and strategic by closely observing my coworkers to understand their weakness while forming alliances with key individuals to strengthen my position. By combining tactical competition with selective collaboration, I aim to navigate the landscape effectively and achieve my goals without compromising my integrity entirely.
144 low It would be very refreshing and would positively impact my career working in a workplace like this. I would feel energized to work in a work team like this.
145 high I would probably act competitively towards my coworkers, as well as distrustful of them when I need something from them. I would probably go out of my way to not need something from any of them.
146 low This kind of environment would encourage me to be my best at work. I’ll be friendly and cooperative with my coworkers.
147 high I would work with only 1 specific person that I can trust. I am aware that it is competitive and I cannot trust anyone. I would also work closely with my supervisor. I would be extra friendly but at the same time, keep to myself.
148 low If the workplace functions well, I would go along and cooperate with the team. There is no need to cause chaos in a good workplace.
149 high I might also look for subtle ways to build discrete alliances with trustworthy colleagues since having some cooperative connections could help reduce the isolation and stress of this intense environment
151 low I am more fond of this type of environment so I would be happy and would definitely work more cooperatively, rather than competitively.
152 low I would start with a focus on whatever I had to do for myself that day, but would be very open to interruptions or pivoting to help others. It would be important for my boss to help communicate which tasks are the highest value to plan time accordingly.
153 high I would definitely act competitively. It seems that this would be the only way to succeed here. I would be friendly to my coworkers, but not actual friends with anyone.
154 low I would likely act cooperatively with my colleagues, and I anticipate that we would have a good bond.

Impact on employee

PID cond desc impact_open
2 low hot The worker was probably very discouraged and upset. Since there’s a power difference between the two, he probably didn’t push back at the time, but internalized and became bitter. They may have started to look for another job
3 high cold The employee would resent the manager forever and work morale would severely go down
5 high cold The manager should have been fired for his actions.
6 high cold The worker may have went ahead with the task anyway in fear of retribution from the manager. I’d be horrified if I were the worker and reconsider my employment.
7 high hot I really hope that the worker quit right there on the spot. That is what I would do.
8 high hot I hope that the worker got angry and quit. This is no way to treat an employee.
9 high cold the manager probably got a slap on the wrist and had no consequences
10 low hot My guess would be probably nothing happened to the manager himself. The worker I’m sure felt belittled and disrespected. If I were him, I would be looking for a new job.
11 high cold I think the worker probably did the job even though i probvabaly would have just quit.
12 low hot I don’t think anything likely happened, as he is the manager and there is not much the worker can do about it. The workers reaction is obviously not pleased with the manager but there is no significant thing they can do to improve the manager’s behavior.
13 high cold Workers would probably hide mistakes or issues from this manager, so as not to suffer any consequences. This particular worker would build up a lot of resentment and animosity.
14 high cold I think the worker made a concerted effort to complete the task that they were coerced to perform. The manager exerted their authority effectively using threats and intimidation. The worker must have felt horrible and helpless.
15 high hot I bet the worker stopped taking breaks. The worker was so embarrassed to be treated that way. I bet the worker started looking for a new job.
16 high hot I don’t think anything happened as a result of the manager’s behavior. I think the worker felt ashamed and embarassed.
17 high hot I do not like to deal with people with bad attitudes, I f he shouted at me like that I would probably lose my job anyways.
18 low cold I’m sure the worker was very angry. Threatening a worker’s vacation over fixing someone else’s mistake is in really poor taste.
19 high cold Nothing happened to the manager. Based on the workplace environment, the employee probably obliged knowing if he didnt do it, someone else would and that would probably make him less favorable for a future promotion
20 high hot I think the worker probably felt terrible about himself and embarrassed. He probably worked extra hard so he didn’t get yelled at but was probably very upset at the manager.
21 low cold The worker likely harbored ill will against the manager, which led to overall discontent in their job.
22 high hot i would be embarrassed and wouldnt know how to face others for a while, but at threat of losing my job i will work much faster
23 high hot I think that a lot of the other employees probably had a worse opinion of the manager for being cruel but also a worse opinion of the guy who was being yelled at too. But I think that guy also probably started working harder and longer
24 high hot The worker probably felt ashamed and bullied. They definitely did not feel good after that.
25 low cold The worker gave in to the manager’s threat and did the required work even though the worker shouldn’t have to. Nothing happened to the manager even though something should’ve
26 low hot I think the worker reported the manager to the higher ups or HR for being disrespectful, taht was really mean. I think the worker was shocked. embarrassed and angry
27 high hot I would imagine in this workplace, nothing happened to the manager as this behavior is acceptable. The worker probably worked harder to meet the deadline.
28 high hot I would work almost nothing and if I couldn’t report him, I would stop working as hard and look for another job. I usually don’t tolerate that behavior at all.
29 low cold I think the manager would lose his job, if the workplace is such a good place as previously described this kind of action by a manager would be rouge and swiftly dealt with.
30 high hot I’m guessing that the manager didn’t face any punishment for his actions, since this doesn’t seem like an environment that really cares about its workers that much. The worker was probably super embarrassed.
31 high cold I expect that worker has a lot less company loyalty now. A response like that from a manager would have me on hiring apps immediately.
32 high hot I hope the manager got in trouble no employee should have to be treated like this.
33 low cold I could see the manager being reprimanded for this behavior. It is not appropriate to threaten an employee.
34 low cold I think that the manager was reported to HR for making that threat against the employee to withhold his vacation if he didnt complete the task. As a result the manager was fired for violating the workplace rules regarding employee treatment.
35 low cold I would think the employee would treat the manager very differently from now on. The manager just ruined trust for themself.
36 low cold The worker probably performed the work so they could take vacation adn not make the manager mad.
37 high hot Worker probably felt like shit, but I would assume his co-workers would have his back and management would have unhappy workers.
38 high hot I would guess that someone who has been until then succeeding in such a workplace probably was motivated (probably through fear or anger) to work harder. I would also guess that it put strain on their relationship with the manager.
39 low hot If anyone reports it to HR, there might be an investigation, the worker seemed afraid probably.
40 high hot The worker most likely didn’t stick up for the self because they are aware of the toxic environment and just go with the chain of command.
41 low hot This is very wrong to yell at a worker. I think even though its risky, that taking it HR is the only thing that the worker can do. They need to get evidence and make sure that the manager deals with the consequences of their misbehavior.
42 low hot I can imagine the worker became angry and resentful of the manager. The berating attitude might have negatively impacted the worker’s desire to be part of the team in this workplace.
43 low hot If they didn’t quit because of how outraged they were, I would say they probably went on to pick up their pace and do a better job.
44 low cold The worker should be very upset at being threatened that they would not have their vacation approved by the manager. But, because what else could they have done. I’m sure they completed the task so that the threat was not followed through with.
45 low hot The worker was probably upset and stressed. Having your manager yell at you and threaten you makes you feel humiliated and stressed which won’t help the worker to produce their best work.
46 low cold I think that the worker did the work but now trusts the manager less. It hurt the worker’s view of the company.
47 high cold The worker probably grudgingly did the task. He probably complained about it a lot but I doubt the manager was penalized.
48 low cold i would feel very hostile in such a workplace . this type of environment is very harsh and undeserving of genuine workers
49 high cold I’m sure the worker had to cooperate. Unfortunately with the power imbalance, there really was not an option not to. However, as a consequence, there was probably a lot less respect for the manager and the employee is probably not feeling as loyal to the workplace anymore.
50 high hot I imagine the worker was very dejected and embarrassed. They probably completed the task quickly but I am sure the quality wasn’t very good. Sounds like this type of behavior by the manager is encouraged by higher ups and will be rewarded.
51 low hot I imagine that severely impacted the worker’s morale and created an obstacle for them to feel equipped to do a good job. It would be difficult to overcome that.
52 low hot I’m sure the manager faced no consequences for his actions. Instead, the workers feel stressed out, unsupported, and defeated.
53 low hot The person probably was stunned, and felt even less capable of completing their assignment. They were probably consumed by feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment, which doesn’t make anyone work better at all.
54 high cold This is complete manipulation and I would hope they were held accountable. Whether that be a formal write up or termination. I think the worker would be pleased, but fearful of retaliation.
55 high cold The worker probably did what was asked of them, but didn’t like doing it. The worker is probably looking for another job to get away from the abusive manager.
56 low hot I would hope that the manager themself would be punished from above their position. If I had to imagine the worker’s reaction - I would think that they were upset by it. Possibly embarrassed feeling or internally angry. Depending on their character.
57 low hot From upper management, I don’t think there would be a consequence but from the worker, I imagine he would initially be very shocked since it the workplace didn’t seem to have this energy about it. After the initial shock, I think the worker would become extremely upset about it. While he may end his break and work faster, his morale would plummet and this incident would spark his desire to be employed elsewhere
58 high cold I don’t think the manager faced any consequences as a result of their behavior. This seems to be the case in many workplaces, especially when the employee probably would not feel comfortable reporting the incident.
59 low cold I believe the worker would have been pretty upset by this response. Threatening anyone in a workplace is a big no-no and should never be allowed. I would think there would have been a complaint put into HR about this manager’s behavior and they were hopefully given a warning for the threatening comment.
61 high hot It sounds like nothing would happen if this is the kind of workplace environment that is standard for them. I don’t agree with that, but it sounds like a very toxic environment. I would hope the employee or someone would report this incident to HR, but I don’t know how HR is in this kind on environment, either. I think the worker’s reaction would be to possibly cry and feel traumatized by being yelled at this way at work.
62 low cold The manager should be reported in higher ups or HR. The manager should receive consequences inline with policy and step on disciplinary ladder.
63 low hot Unfortunately, I would not be surprised if the manager did not experience any sort of negative consequence for this behavior. I’m sure the worker felt embarrassed and worried about his future and livelihood.
64 high cold I would imagine the worker was shocked, upset, and stressed. They most likely trust and respect their manager less now. The worker probably took on the additional task.
65 high cold As a consequence of the manager’s behavior, the employee reacted in a shocked manner. However, he gave in and did as he was told.
66 high cold I’m sure the worker would have gritted their teeth and took on the task. In such a competitive environment, I think the worker would realize that they can’t refuse the manager’s request because then the worker would lose their edge. Plus, I’m sure this is the kind of job where you would need time off to cope, so I don’t think the worker would risk their time off.
67 low cold I think the worker ended up doing the task. However, they do so unwillingly and angrily. They probably started to wonder about why they were singled out. After this incident, the worker either started looking for a new job or became withdrawn from everyone else. Maybe even started talking trash about the manager.
68 high hot I would have gotten up and walked out. And managers like this need to be made aware of it, so there may have been a little man to man conversations.
69 low cold They would be reported. I feel this company would either fire or discipline the person.
70 low hot The manager’s behaviour was uncalled for, and he should have handled it in a better and nicer way, rather than talking harshly at him
71 high cold The worker resented the task, and decided to look for a new job
72 high cold I think the worker must have been frightened as a result of the threat and the person was probably forced to the job eventually
73 high cold honestly, such manager needs to be dealt with accordingly
74 high hot that is unacceptable to act like that as a manager and demand respect
75 low cold In this type of workplace I think the worker’s reaction would be a lot of surprise and resentment. There’d be freedom to go to another manage, or a level above the manager, to describe what the offending manager did. This could curtail similar vindictive type of behavior in the future, although it’d just be a warning to the manager and not any tangible consequence.
76 low hot The workers reaction would be mortified. There is never any reason to be rude and belittle someone. There should be a big consequences for the managers actions. The manaer should have to go get help with how to deal with the employees correctly. Or the best solution would be to either demote the manager or fire them for acting this way.
77 high cold I don’t think anything negative happened to the manager as a result of his behavior. His kind of behavior is encouraged at this workplace, people in higher positions are encouraged to use their power to get their subordinates to do what they are told to do. So the worker probably swallowed their pride, did the job, tucked their tail between their legs and pretended like nothing happened. It was more important for the worker to get their vacation approved and keep their job than to fight what the manager said.
78 low hot I would hope that the manager was corrected by his supervisor.
79 high hot The poor worker would have been extremely hurt, and would not have confidence to air opinions and contribute meaningfully in the company anymore.
80 low cold The consequences would probably not be predictable
81 high hot If the workplace is as cut throat as described by the person, then there more than likely wouldn’t be any real consequence that would be placed on the manager by the workplace. The manager has a leadership role, having influence in the workspace while the worker has little power there, so if they try to get the manager in trouble, there company may side with the manager due to their influence.
82 low cold I believe it should have been solved amicably by both the employee and the manager
83 low cold I think that the worker would do it just because they wanna go on their vacation but maybe also reach out to HR.
84 low hot The humiliated worker probably went back to work, groused under his breath,but did nothing about it. People in the workplace are usually spineless.
85 high cold The worker did not have many options. In most cases, the worker would have been fired. If the manager was desperate, they may have come to some concession.
86 low hot I would hope the manager was fired, since his behavior doesn’t fit with the workplace culture described. The worker was probably really upset by this treatment, and might have quit. I certainly would. Bad managers don’t deserve my work.
87 low cold It’s possible the worker would go to HR with the issue under conditions of intimidation or retaliation. But in all likelihood they probably just did the task the manager requested.
88 high hot The worker must have felt very embarrassed and tried his best to actually pick up the pace and ensure that he completes his task and does so excellently to impress the manager.
89 high cold I don’t think anything happened because it was the employee’s word against the manager’s word. The manager has more power.
90 low hot The worker felt discouraged with his work ethic, and it will effect the team.
91 high cold He likely performed the task asked of him. He knows better than to go to HR
92 high hot The worker must have felt embarrassed and ridiculed and could have reacted in a varying number of ways depending on their character. I would assume the worker was quietly stewing though
93 low hot The worker felf as if he needed to do what the manager requested and he did what he thought was best, whether it be to do as the manager says or find a different workplace that respects his position.
94 high cold I bet the manager got what he wanted. He fell in line.
95 low cold What happened as a consequence to the manager’s behavior is likely dependent upon the workplace culture. Some workplaces have zero tolerance for that sort of behavior, and others will look the other way if the people above the manager have a good relationship with them. The worker’s reaction to the incident is understandable, but it could get them into trouble if people in the workplace don’t like them.
96 low cold The worker likely felt resentful and demotivated and undermining trust, This might lead to increase tension and lack cooperation in the team
97 low hot I believe the worker would have been frustrated and would not have wanted to continue the project.
98 low cold It seems as though the worker was basically forced into fixing the managers mistakes but means of blackmailing. This incident should have been reported to HR if possible.
99 low hot I would have flipped out on him and probably got fired. Noone has the right to yell at you at work for any reason. If they don’t like my work then let me go. If you yell at me you’re probably going to get slapped. In the face!!!
100 low hot Probably the worker reported the manager for his bad behavior. The manager probably was reprimanded because of it and is now even more resentful towards the worker. The worker probably has to walk on eggshells cause the manager hates him even more now.
101 high hot He will have a low morale and unhappy doing his project
102 high cold In a situation like this it might have escalated or the employee succumbed to the manager’s threat for fear of losing their vacation. Both of these reactions are not appropriate and this manager should be reported to HR.
103 high hot I think that the employee probably stopped his break early because of how he was treated and threatened. He probably went back to work and started working harder trying to meet the goal.
104 low cold I think the manager would not last much longer with the attitude they seem to have. I would expect the worker to report the manager to HR for threatening the worker’s vacation.
105 high cold I think the employee probably did what he was told, but he was not happy about it. He probably does not like the manager.
106 low hot i would hope he got fired for treating someone like that.
107 low hot I feel the employee was intimated and embarrassed and may have worked faster but not with as much detail. The worker’s reaction was probably totally embarrassment and put on the defense.
108 low cold the worker must have felt angry and frustrated and surprised. thats not a very professional thing for the manager to do. i would call HR and report their behavior.
109 low cold The worker might felt resentful and demotivated by the manager’s unfair behavior.
110 low hot The worker probably couldn’t say much to retaliate to him in the moment. But I would immediately go to HR and make a formal complaint about this manager
111 high hot I would imagine that the manager would realize the impact of their actions and develop a more compassionate way of encouraging their staff. If I was the worker, I would speak up about the pace of the work.
112 low hot That really depends upon the talent level of the worker. If they have in-demand skills, they probably left for a new company. If they don’t really have marketable skills, they probably just did what the manager asked with no pushback.
113 high hot The worker was probably very angry and felt belittled by the manager calling them out in front of everyone. He was probably fired or quit.
114 high cold Probably nothing for the manager. The worker was rightly upset.
115 high hot

Lots of things may have happened, the most likely is nothing. If our poster is representative of the employees in general, there is probably a lot of ignoring poor behavior of others and “keeping your nose down”. Everyone ends up unhappy and feeling isolated and ignored… while isolating and ignoring everyone else.

“Be the change you want to see in the world” is my constant advice to my kids and everyone. It’s what I would certainly try to be in this environment and see how others respond. The worker seems to be hoping someone else will be that change… and I suspect is far from alone in that feeling.
116 low hot I doubt anything of consequence happened to the manager. I suppose the employee who got yelled at chose to try and make a change his behavior for fear of losing his job or losing his bonus.
117 low hot I think someone felt bad about themselves and hated coming to work.
118 high cold The worker most likely felt bad about this but had no choice that to do the manager’s bidding.
119 high hot I think what happen has a consequences to the manager’s behavior was that he was fired and relieved of this duty.
120 high hot In this type of workplace, nothing probably happened. If there was an HR department, it would depend on the environment if this worker reported the incident, as there are many companies were HR reports result in firings or retaliation. In this case, I would imagine that the employee simply accepted the behavior and continued with the project.
121 low cold This sounds contradictory to the first statement, which isn’t surprising since the first statement sounded a little idealistic or naive. I imagine the manager got his way and the worker completed the boring task as he was delegated. It’s possible the manager was disciplined for his threat, which seemed over the top. I’m sure the worker wasn’t happy about being threatened.
122 high hot I think the manager’s reaction was unacceptable and will make the employee feel embarrassed.
123 high hot I think the worker started looking for a new job. Being embarrass in public like that by your boss is no place to work at.
124 low hot I think the worker was very embarrassed and would be shying away from his other coworkers until this all blows over. I think he would be more focused on his job, though.
125 low cold The worker likely felt frustrated and undervalued, possibly complying out of fear but resenting the manager’s tactics. This could have led to a reduced trust, lower job satisfaction, and a negative work environment, potentially affecting overall team morale.
126 high cold The worker probably felt resentful and demotivated after being pressured into taking on an unpleasant task. This coercive approach might have damaged their trust in the manager resulting in feelings of frustration and dissatisfaction with their position.
127 high hot The manager may have been disciplined by a higher up in management. But most likely in today’s society, nothing happened to the manager. The worker probably got angry at the manager and chose to quit soon after.
128 low cold The worker was probably upset and reluctant to complete the task. The worker is probably considering looking for another job. The worker probably does not like the manager.
129 high cold Depending on how tedious the task was, I imagine the worker probably just went ahead and did it. That’s an awful situation to be in. I imagine they were quite angry. If I were in that situation, I would probably go off on them. If they weren’t receptive, then I would probably talk to their manager, assuming that’s an option.
130 high hot The worker probably ended up hustling to get things done but the worker was probably also emotionally harmed.
131 low cold The worker may perceive the work environment as toxic, leading to feeling of insecurity and stress.
132 low cold I think that the worker would have been angry and frustrated but I also think that they would have completed the task anyway out of fear. I also think they would have shared their feelings about the situation with their coworkers.
133 high cold I believe the worker did the extra tasks asked by the manager in fear of losing his upcoming vacation. Especially because if this workplace is cutthroat, they are definitely looking forward to the vacation and an escape. The worker may feel as though if does the work, he would be rewarded with a promotion down the line. Not saying it will actually happen but this worker is manipulated to think so. As a result, he just does whatever the manager asks. Nothing happens to the manager as he is the boss and by being in a cut throat environment, this worker cooperates by thinking he can get ahead of other co workers.
134 high cold The worker likely felt angry and powerless knowing the manager was using their position to force them into doing something unfair.
135 high cold i would prob be pissed. probably nothing it would seem he might be able to get away with it. they prob would not want to work there naymore
136 low cold The worker probably felt extremely betrayed by his manager, because he was being held liable for the manager’s mistake. I wouldn’t trust the manager at all going forward if I am the worker because it is certain the the manager doesn’t have the workers best interest in mind.
137 low cold I would feel on edge constantly at this job. Like anytime someone in power talked to me i would be at risk of being reprimanded fired or forced to have a lot more extra work.
138 low hot The worker who was reprimanded was disheartened and didn’t put forth maximum effort to the task. The being yelled at would have a negative effect on morale.
139 low cold I think this manager lost respect from their employees because of this. When you respond with aggression and try to get things done through fear, it makes people hate working with you and lose respect for you. It felt like blackmail.
140 low cold The worker likely felt frustrated and demoralized by the manager’s.
141 low cold Being forced into a task through threats would make the worker disrespected and demoralized.
142 high hot The worker likely felt embarrassed, disrespected, and demotivated after being publicly shamed by the manager. This could have led to decreased morale, stress, or even resentment toward the manager and the workplace. Instead of feeling motivated to work faster, the worker might have felt discouraged or fearful about job security, which could negatively impact perfomances.
143 high hot The manager’s aggressive behavior likely created a toxic environment, as the worker who was targeted felt humiliated and demoralized. Rather than motivating him, the public reprimand probably led to restaurant, reducing his engagement and commitment.
144 low cold I think that nothing happened to the manager but the worker should have experienced negative feelings like anxiety, nervous, and fear that something bad would happen to their job.
145 high hot I think that the manager immediately lost any trust that the worker had in them. If I were that worker, I would get back to work and immediately start planning my exit from that company.
146 low cold The worker would feel pressured to please the manager and uncomfortable with working at this place.
147 high hot The worker probably felt upset and then he worked harder for the future.
148 low hot I think the manager did not receive any counseling. This is common in most workplaces.
149 high cold The worker probably felt resentful and demotivated after being pressured into taking on an unpleasant task. This coercive approach might have damaged their trust in the manager resulting in feelings of frustration and dissatisfaction with their position
151 low hot I think the worker would have felt extremely embarrassed and upset by this interaction. I think they would be nervous about losing their job and/or bonus.
152 low cold I think the worker would lose a lot of trust and respect for the manager. I would do everything in my power to make the manager lose credibility with the team and his superiors.
153 high hot For this manager probably nothing. The employee could have gone to HR, and lodged a formal complaint, about being reprimanded in front of coworkers. This behavior is not ok.
154 low cold I would anticipate that the worker obeyed the manager’s request as they felt threatened.

Manipulation check: Competitive Worldview

  1. This is a dog-eat-dog workplace where you have to be ruthless at times
  2. In this workplace, there is really no such thing as “right and wrong.” It all boils down to what you can get away with
  3. One of the most useful skills an employee in this workplace should develop is how to look someone in the eye and lie convincingly
  4. In this workplace, it is better to be loved than to be feared [R]
  5. In this workplace, you should do you unto others as you would have them do unto you [R]

Cronbach’s alpha = 0.84

Relationship impact

In your opinion, what was the impact of this incident on the employee’s relationship with this manager? (1 = It had a strong negative effect on their relationship with their manager to 7 = It had a strong positive effect on their relationship with their manager)

Compliance impact

In your opinion, to what extent did the employee comply with what the manager was seeking or requesting? (1 = They did not comply at all with what the manager was seeking to 7 = They completely complied with what the manager was seeking)

Own behavior

If you were the manager in this workplace, facing this situation, how likely would you be to act in the way the manager did, as described earlier? (1 = Not at All Likely to 5 = Extremely Likely)

Norms

How normal do you think this manager’s behavior is for the workplace as it was described earlier? (1 = Not At All Normal to 5 = Extremely Normal)

Relationship concerns

If you were the manager in this situation, to what extent would you care about having good relationships with the people you work with? (1 = I would not care about it all at all to 5 = I would care about it a great deal)

Analysis

Manipulation check: CWV

cond N Mean SD
high 75 4.469333 1.1911808
low 75 2.186667 0.8964394


t(137.46) = 13.26, p = 0, Lower CI = 1.94, Upper CI = 2.62, d = 2.26.

Relationship impact

cond N Mean SD
high 75 1.333333 0.6224045
low 75 1.173333 0.5294907


t(144.29) = 1.7, p = 0.092, Lower CI = -0.03, Upper CI = 0.35, d = 0.28.

Broken by type of dominance

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'cond'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
cond desc N Mean SD
high cold 35 1.400000 0.6507914
high hot 40 1.275000 0.5986095
low cold 40 1.225000 0.6196566
low hot 35 1.114286 0.4037638

Only cold dominance:
t(70.6) = 1.19, p = 0.239, Lower CI = -0.12, Upper CI = 0.47, d = 0.28.

Only hot dominance:
t(68.77) = 1.38, p = 0.173, Lower CI = -0.07, Upper CI = 0.39, d = 0.33.


Some notes: ok, it looks like the effect is there, with a little more power. A d of .28 is not bad, would probably require about ~200 per cell, and roughly ~300 per cell for the full mediation. Breaking it by type of dominance, it doesn’t seem to matter much. The hot dominance behavior is yielding a stronger effect, but it’s also giving us lower means, which could be slightly concerning. So we might consider keeping both of the dominance types in there.

Compliance impact

cond N Mean SD
high 75 4.413333 1.853363
low 75 3.600000 1.700556


t(146.92) = 2.8, p = 0.006, Lower CI = 0.24, Upper CI = 1.39, d = 0.46.

Broken by type of dominance

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'cond'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
cond desc N Mean SD
high cold 35 4.685714 1.711061
high hot 40 4.175000 1.959690
low cold 40 3.300000 1.555800
low hot 35 3.942857 1.814044

Only cold dominance:
t(69.35) = 3.65, p = 0.001, Lower CI = 0.63, Upper CI = 2.14, d = 0.88.

Only hot dominance:
t(72.75) = 0.53, p = 0.596, Lower CI = -0.64, Upper CI = 1.1, d = 0.12.

Notes: oh wow, the effect on compliance expectancies is really strong. but.. breaking it down by type of dominance shows a clear interaction. The effect is entirely driven by cold dominance - no effect at all for hot dominance. That’s very interesting. Two ways to read this: (1) this is a sign that we should use both types of dominance because they’re meaningfully different for things that are not relationship expectancies, shows how varied they are in ways that we want for generalizability; OR (2) this is a sign that we should only use hot dominance because we want to manipulate dominance and only see movement in relationship expectancies. One thing’s for sure - we want to make sure that our general mediation model, with simultaneous mediators (compliance and relationship expectancies), works. So let’s move on and see.

Own behavior like the manager

cond N Mean SD
high 75 1.240000 0.7135749
low 75 1.106667 0.4524209


t(125.22) = 1.37, p = 0.174, Lower CI = -0.06, Upper CI = 0.33, d = 0.24.

Broken by type of dominance

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'cond'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
cond desc N Mean SD
high cold 35 1.285714 0.8934872
high hot 40 1.200000 0.5163978
low cold 40 1.100000 0.3789324
low hot 35 1.114286 0.5297851

Only cold dominance:
t(44.58) = 1.14, p = 0.259, Lower CI = -0.14, Upper CI = 0.51, d = 0.34.

Only hot dominance:
t(71.16) = 0.71, p = 0.482, Lower CI = -0.16, Upper CI = 0.33, d = 0.17.

hmm, we’ll need more power. but also, these means are awfully low. We’d get more variance with more power, but this is slightly concerning. From this, it looks like cold dominance is the better option. Makes sense, people don’t plan to show hot dominance - that, more likely, comes in the spur of the moment. Hmmm, does that mean that cold dominance is better suited for a hypothetical scenario?

Norms

cond N Mean SD
high 75 2.466667 1.388498
low 75 1.666667 1.017859


t(135.71) = 4.02, p = 0, Lower CI = 0.41, Upper CI = 1.19, d = 0.69.

Broken by type of dominance

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'cond'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
cond desc N Mean SD
high cold 35 2.371429 1.4769944
high hot 40 2.550000 1.3194793
low cold 40 1.475000 0.8161039
low hot 35 1.885714 1.1825055

Only cold dominance:
t(51.39) = 3.19, p = 0.002, Lower CI = 0.33, Upper CI = 1.46, d = 0.89.

Only hot dominance:
t(72.95) = 2.3, p = 0.024, Lower CI = 0.09, Upper CI = 1.24, d = 0.54.


Ok, this tracks. Good sanity checks.

Relationship concerns

cond N Mean SD
high 75 3.453333 1.287081
low 75 4.320000 1.015555


t(140.4) = -4.58, p = 0, Lower CI = -1.24, Upper CI = -0.49, d = -0.77.

Broken by type of dominance

## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'cond'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
cond desc N Mean SD
high cold 35 3.371429 1.456945
high hot 40 3.525000 1.131994
low cold 40 4.450000 0.875595
low hot 35 4.171429 1.150082

Only cold dominance:
t(54.17) = -3.82, p = 0, Lower CI = -1.64, Upper CI = -0.51, d = -1.04.

Only hot dominance:
t(71.37) = -2.45, p = 0.017, Lower CI = -1.17, Upper CI = -0.12, d = -0.58.

Ok, those in the low CWV condition would care more about relationships. And this is another strong effect. This, as well as the effect of the other alternative mediator (compliance expectancies), are consistent with what we found in our correlational work. The only thing we’d want to make sure is that relationship expectancies explains the effect of cond -> behavior better than these two mediators.

I’ll look into that below, but I’ll just flag that it might be a little hard to read into this because there’s no effect of condition behavior like the manager.

Mediation model 1: Relationship expectancies

a = 0.16 (p = 0.092)
b = 0.09 (p = 0.273)
direct = 0.13 (p = 0.174)
indirect = 0.12 (p = 0.231)

Mediation model 2: Compliance expectancies

a = 0.81 (p = 0.006)
b = -0.03 (p = 0.24)
direct = 0.13 (p = 0.174)
indirect = 0.16 (p = 0.112)

Mediation model 3: Relationship concerns

a = -0.87 (p = 0)
b = -0.18 (p = 0)
direct = 0.13 (p = 0.174)
indirect = -0.02 (p = 0.82)

hmm, ok, this tells us that it’s a lot more about concerns than, potentially, about expectancies. Just riffing here, but maybe that’s because we’re not leaving a lot of room for subjective interpretation by just telling them how this toy world works. So, in this case, expectancies just wouldn’t play as strong of role. It’s not to say that it doesn’t explain any of the variance, but just that we’re giving a lot more room for concerns to emerge with this design. I think, if we include it in the study and just acknowledge this possibility, we should be fine. I would just flag that in the preregistration to make sure it doesn’t look like post-hoc explanations in the paper.