###Initial data exploration and descriptive statistics

##                                  
##                                   level Overall      
##   n                                     22015        
##   num_visits (mean (SD))                 4.10 (2.98) 
##   num_unique_regions (mean (SD))         1.26 (0.47) 
##   num_unique_services (mean (SD))        4.22 (2.46) 
##   duration_days (mean (SD))             90.99 (88.54)

This table summarizes service usage for 22,015 instances of service provisino for ___ uniqye individuals in the MMT case management dataset. On average, clients had 4.1 visits across about 1.26 regions, received services from 4.22 unique service types, and were engaged for approximately 91 days. The high standard deviations, especially in duration (SD = 88.5 days), suggest substantial variation in engagement patterns across individuals.

The data in the above plots shows a more detailed few of this table.

## ### Frequency Table for Regions
## 
## 
## |Region           | Count|
## |:----------------|-----:|
## |Donetska         |  5971|
## |Khersonska       |  3119|
## |Kharkivska       |  3020|
## |Luhanska         |  2578|
## |Zaporizka        |  2432|
## |Mykolaivska      |  1333|
## |Kyivska          |   745|
## |Dnipropetrovska  |   532|
## |Kyiv             |   197|
## |Sumska           |   181|
## |Odeska           |   154|
## |Chernihivska     |   103|
## |Zhytomyrska      |    87|
## |Vinnytska        |    37|
## |Rivnenska        |    25|
## |Khmelnytska      |    22|
## |Poltavska        |    18|
## |Kirovohradska    |    16|
## |Zakarpatska      |    16|
## |Ivano-Frankivska |    13|
## |Lvivska          |    12|
## |Ternopilska      |    12|
## |Volynska         |     8|
## |Chernivetska     |     7|
## |Cherkaska        |     4|
## 
## 
## ### Frequency Table for Services
## 
## 
## |Service                    | Count|
## |:--------------------------|-----:|
## |psycho_support             | 12369|
## |emotional_state_support    |  9997|
## |application_help           |  7010|
## |first_aid                  |  5873|
## |hum_aid                    |  4866|
## |soc_benefits_help          |  4468|
## |spec_health_redirect       |  3136|
## |docs_recovery_help         |  2013|
## |employment_help            |  1664|
## |safety_plan                |  1331|
## |other                      |  1105|
## |safe_home_help             |   994|
## |preschool_help             |   747|
## |spec_inst_redirect         |   642|
## |disab_docs_help            |   503|
## |other_spec_health_redirect |   187|
## |correct_program_redirect   |   124|
## |evacuation_help            |   100|
## |relative_search_help       |    73|
## |offenders_program          |    17|

Most services were provided in the eastern regions, particularly Donetska (5,971), Khersonska (3,119), and Kharkivska (3,020), highlighting higher service engagement in conflict-affected areas. In contrast, central and western regions like Cherkaska, Volynska, and Lvivska saw very low counts, suggesting either lower need, less access, or underreporting. This regional disparity may reflect patterns of displacement, conflict intensity, or program focus.

The highest number of cases were reported from Donetska, followed by Khersonska and Kharkivska, consistent with regions most impacted by conflict. Western and central regions show much lower counts, indicating either lower service need or underrepresentation in the data. This regional distribution reflects the geographic concentration of MMT service delivery. Psychosocial and emotional support services were by far the most common, followed by assistance with applications and first aid. This suggests a high mental health and administrative burden among clients. Less frequent services like correction program redirects and offenders’ programs were niche but still part of the broader service spectrum. The majority of clients were female, with over _____ female clients compared to around ______ males. This indicates women were more likely to access or be reached by case management services. It may also reflect gendered vulnerability in the conflict context. Clients aged 35–59 made up the largest group, followed by those aged 18–34, showing that services primarily targeted adults in their working years. Children and elderly groups were present but formed smaller portions of the dataset. This age distribution suggests adult populations are the main users or beneficiaries of MMT case management services.

###Changes over time and temporal patterns

Violin plots show the distribution of service usage over time — the wider the shape, the more consultations occurred around that date. Dots represent individual events, helping visualize both frequency and timing. Scatterplots over time show each consultation as a point, allowing you to spot trends, bursts, or gaps in service delivery across different time periods.The violin plots show that most services, like psycho_support and application_help, were delivered consistently over time, while others like evacuation_help or offenders_program were clustered around specific periods, suggesting targeted or emergency use. The scatterplot confirms these patterns, highlighting sustained use of core services and short-term spikes in specialized ones. Together, these plots suggest a combination of ongoing support and time-sensitive interventions, reflecting both chronic and acute needs among clients.

###MMT region data

The above bar chart shows which regions most clients came from (origin) when reporting data for case management.

###Regional and migration trends

An interactive Sankey plot displays how clients move between regions over time. Each node represents a region at a specific time point, and each flow (link) shows how many clients moved from one region to another. - Hover over flows to see the number of clients who moved between specific regions and time points. - Hover over nodes to see how many clients were in a given region at a certain time. - The thickness of the flow reflects how many clients moved — thicker flows = more people.

###Service usage by demographic characteristics

Percentage of Service Usage by Gender
service female male
application_help 12.2 12.3
correct_program_redirect 0.2 0.3
disab_docs_help 0.7 1.3
docs_recovery_help 3.5 3.7
emotional_state_support 17.5 17.4
employment_help 2.8 3.4
evacuation_help 0.1 0.3
first_aid 9.8 12.0
hum_aid 8.9 7.3
offenders_program 0.0 0.1
other 2.0 1.7
other_spec_health_redirect 0.3 0.5
preschool_help 1.4 1.1
psycho_support 21.7 21.2
relative_search_help 0.1 0.1
safe_home_help 1.8 1.5
safety_plan 2.5 1.7
soc_benefits_help 8.1 6.8
spec_health_redirect 5.2 6.3
spec_inst_redirect 1.2 1.0
Percentage of Service Usage by Age
service 10-14 15-17 18-34 35-59 5-9 over_60 under_5
application_help 3.7 5.9 13.5 13.6 3.9 14.3 6.4
correct_program_redirect 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2
disab_docs_help 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.6 1.0 0.4
docs_recovery_help 0.6 0.7 4.5 3.8 0.6 3.9 1.6
emotional_state_support 31.2 25.4 15.4 16.0 28.3 13.9 21.5
employment_help 0.1 0.4 4.2 3.7 0.0 0.5 0.1
first_aid 10.2 13.7 8.8 9.4 12.2 14.1 19.2
hum_aid 7.2 7.0 8.4 8.9 8.0 8.3 7.8
other 1.6 2.0 1.7 2.0 1.4 2.6 1.2
preschool_help 1.0 2.4 1.5 1.3 2.3 0.2 2.9
psycho_support 34.1 29.9 20.1 20.4 32.8 16.6 23.4
relative_search_help 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0
safe_home_help 0.4 0.5 2.1 1.8 0.4 2.5 1.4
safety_plan 0.9 1.3 2.7 2.5 0.6 2.5 0.7
soc_benefits_help 1.7 1.9 8.6 8.6 1.7 10.6 3.5
spec_health_redirect 5.4 7.2 5.6 5.0 6.2 6.2 9.0
spec_inst_redirect 1.0 0.5 1.3 1.2 0.2 1.3 0.1
evacuation_help 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.0
other_spec_health_redirect 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4
offenders_program 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

The above tables allow us to see how service provision changed with different demographics. Service usage was fairly balanced between genders, with males slightly more likely to access first aid and employment help, while females leaned more toward safety and emotional support services. Across age groups, younger clients (especially ages 10–17) most often received psycho-social services, while children under 10 frequently used first aid. Adults aged 18–59 accessed a broader mix of practical services, and older adults tended to use social benefits and health-related support.

##Interactive maps for services and geographic data

The interactive map shows the number of services provided in each Ukrainian oblast, faceted by year (2021, 2022, and 2023). Each panel represents a different year, allowing side-by-side comparison of how service delivery changed across regions over time. You can hover over regions to see exact service counts, making it easy to spot trends, increases, or declines in support across years and oblasts.