#Q1

library(dplyr)
## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
library(nycflights13)

pacman::p_load(nycflights13)

glimpse(flights) 
## Rows: 336,776
## Columns: 19
## $ year           <int> 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2…
## $ month          <int> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1…
## $ day            <int> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1…
## $ dep_time       <int> 517, 533, 542, 544, 554, 554, 555, 557, 557, 558, 558, …
## $ sched_dep_time <int> 515, 529, 540, 545, 600, 558, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, …
## $ dep_delay      <dbl> 2, 4, 2, -1, -6, -4, -5, -3, -3, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -1…
## $ arr_time       <int> 830, 850, 923, 1004, 812, 740, 913, 709, 838, 753, 849,…
## $ sched_arr_time <int> 819, 830, 850, 1022, 837, 728, 854, 723, 846, 745, 851,…
## $ arr_delay      <dbl> 11, 20, 33, -18, -25, 12, 19, -14, -8, 8, -2, -3, 7, -1…
## $ carrier        <chr> "UA", "UA", "AA", "B6", "DL", "UA", "B6", "EV", "B6", "…
## $ flight         <int> 1545, 1714, 1141, 725, 461, 1696, 507, 5708, 79, 301, 4…
## $ tailnum        <chr> "N14228", "N24211", "N619AA", "N804JB", "N668DN", "N394…
## $ origin         <chr> "EWR", "LGA", "JFK", "JFK", "LGA", "EWR", "EWR", "LGA",…
## $ dest           <chr> "IAH", "IAH", "MIA", "BQN", "ATL", "ORD", "FLL", "IAD",…
## $ air_time       <dbl> 227, 227, 160, 183, 116, 150, 158, 53, 140, 138, 149, 1…
## $ distance       <dbl> 1400, 1416, 1089, 1576, 762, 719, 1065, 229, 944, 733, …
## $ hour           <dbl> 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6…
## $ minute         <dbl> 15, 29, 40, 45, 0, 58, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 59, 0…
## $ time_hour      <dttm> 2013-01-01 05:00:00, 2013-01-01 05:00:00, 2013-01-01 0…
summary(flights)
##       year          month             day           dep_time    sched_dep_time
##  Min.   :2013   Min.   : 1.000   Min.   : 1.00   Min.   :   1   Min.   : 106  
##  1st Qu.:2013   1st Qu.: 4.000   1st Qu.: 8.00   1st Qu.: 907   1st Qu.: 906  
##  Median :2013   Median : 7.000   Median :16.00   Median :1401   Median :1359  
##  Mean   :2013   Mean   : 6.549   Mean   :15.71   Mean   :1349   Mean   :1344  
##  3rd Qu.:2013   3rd Qu.:10.000   3rd Qu.:23.00   3rd Qu.:1744   3rd Qu.:1729  
##  Max.   :2013   Max.   :12.000   Max.   :31.00   Max.   :2400   Max.   :2359  
##                                                  NA's   :8255                 
##    dep_delay          arr_time    sched_arr_time   arr_delay       
##  Min.   : -43.00   Min.   :   1   Min.   :   1   Min.   : -86.000  
##  1st Qu.:  -5.00   1st Qu.:1104   1st Qu.:1124   1st Qu.: -17.000  
##  Median :  -2.00   Median :1535   Median :1556   Median :  -5.000  
##  Mean   :  12.64   Mean   :1502   Mean   :1536   Mean   :   6.895  
##  3rd Qu.:  11.00   3rd Qu.:1940   3rd Qu.:1945   3rd Qu.:  14.000  
##  Max.   :1301.00   Max.   :2400   Max.   :2359   Max.   :1272.000  
##  NA's   :8255      NA's   :8713                  NA's   :9430      
##    carrier              flight       tailnum             origin         
##  Length:336776      Min.   :   1   Length:336776      Length:336776     
##  Class :character   1st Qu.: 553   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Median :1496   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mean   :1972                                        
##                     3rd Qu.:3465                                        
##                     Max.   :8500                                        
##                                                                         
##      dest              air_time        distance         hour      
##  Length:336776      Min.   : 20.0   Min.   :  17   Min.   : 1.00  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.: 82.0   1st Qu.: 502   1st Qu.: 9.00  
##  Mode  :character   Median :129.0   Median : 872   Median :13.00  
##                     Mean   :150.7   Mean   :1040   Mean   :13.18  
##                     3rd Qu.:192.0   3rd Qu.:1389   3rd Qu.:17.00  
##                     Max.   :695.0   Max.   :4983   Max.   :23.00  
##                     NA's   :9430                                  
##      minute        time_hour                     
##  Min.   : 0.00   Min.   :2013-01-01 05:00:00.00  
##  1st Qu.: 8.00   1st Qu.:2013-04-04 13:00:00.00  
##  Median :29.00   Median :2013-07-03 10:00:00.00  
##  Mean   :26.23   Mean   :2013-07-03 05:22:54.64  
##  3rd Qu.:44.00   3rd Qu.:2013-10-01 07:00:00.00  
##  Max.   :59.00   Max.   :2013-12-31 23:00:00.00  
## 
dim(flights)
## [1] 336776     19

##could not knit with View(flights) but it should be there

#Q2 ## tested each one and only 2 and 3 gave me the desired results

#Q3 ## did the same thing testing each piece of code

#Q4

flights %>%
  group_by(tailnum) %>%
  summarise(mean_arrival_delay = mean(arr_delay, na.rm = TRUE)) %>%
  arrange(mean_arrival_delay)%>%
  slice(1)
## # A tibble: 1 × 2
##   tailnum mean_arrival_delay
##   <chr>                <dbl>
## 1 N560AS                 -53

not sure if we learned slice but it is helpful in only selecting the first row

#Q5

not_cancelled <- flights %>%
  filter(!is.na(dep_delay) & !is.na(arr_delay)) 

not_cancelled %>% 
 group_by(year, month, day) %>% 
 summarise(
  first = min(dep_time),
  last = max(dep_time)

 )
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'year', 'month'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
## # A tibble: 365 × 5
## # Groups:   year, month [12]
##     year month   day first  last
##    <int> <int> <int> <int> <int>
##  1  2013     1     1   517  2356
##  2  2013     1     2    42  2354
##  3  2013     1     3    32  2349
##  4  2013     1     4    25  2358
##  5  2013     1     5    14  2357
##  6  2013     1     6    16  2355
##  7  2013     1     7    49  2359
##  8  2013     1     8   454  2351
##  9  2013     1     9     2  2252
## 10  2013     1    10     3  2320
## # ℹ 355 more rows

#Q6

not_cancelled %>%
  group_by(month) %>%
  summarise(
    delayed_flights = sum(dep_delay > 60, na.rm = TRUE),
    total_flights = n(),
    proportion_delayed = delayed_flights / total_flights
  ) %>%
  arrange(desc(proportion_delayed))
## # A tibble: 12 × 4
##    month delayed_flights total_flights proportion_delayed
##    <int>           <int>         <int>              <dbl>
##  1     7            3765         28293             0.133 
##  2     6            3459         27075             0.128 
##  3    12            2528         27020             0.0936
##  4     4            2506         27564             0.0909
##  5     3            2322         27902             0.0832
##  6     5            2284         28128             0.0812
##  7     8            2283         28756             0.0794
##  8     2            1638         23611             0.0694
##  9     1            1808         26398             0.0685
## 10     9            1313         27010             0.0486
## 11    10            1341         28618             0.0469
## 12    11            1082         26971             0.0401

#Q7

not_cancelled %>%
  group_by(dest) %>%
  summarise(
    carriers_count = n_distinct(carrier)
  ) %>%
  arrange(desc(carriers_count))
## # A tibble: 104 × 2
##    dest  carriers_count
##    <chr>          <int>
##  1 ATL                7
##  2 BOS                7
##  3 CLT                7
##  4 ORD                7
##  5 TPA                7
##  6 AUS                6
##  7 DCA                6
##  8 DTW                6
##  9 IAD                6
## 10 MSP                6
## # ℹ 94 more rows

#Q8 ## no need

#Q9

delays <- flights %>% 

 group_by(dest) %>% 

 summarise(

  count = n(),

  dist = mean(distance, na.rm = TRUE),

  delay = mean(arr_delay, na.rm = TRUE)

 ) %>% 

 filter(count > 20, dest != "HNL")

delays
## # A tibble: 96 × 4
##    dest  count  dist delay
##    <chr> <int> <dbl> <dbl>
##  1 ABQ     254 1826   4.38
##  2 ACK     265  199   4.85
##  3 ALB     439  143  14.4 
##  4 ATL   17215  757. 11.3 
##  5 AUS    2439 1514.  6.02
##  6 AVL     275  584.  8.00
##  7 BDL     443  116   7.05
##  8 BGR     375  378   8.03
##  9 BHM     297  866. 16.9 
## 10 BNA    6333  758. 11.8 
## # ℹ 86 more rows

#Q10 #good