print((5*4)^(4*5)-56)
## [1] 1.048576e+26

1.b)

print(23-(1*(8-12)))
## [1] 27

1.c)

print((53/8)*(3+4))
## [1] 46.375

1.d)

print(45-(5*8)+(8+9))
## [1] 22
a <- c(2,5,6,7)
b <- c(1,0,9,8)
c <- c(6,5,8,3)

matrix_data <- rbind(a, b, c)
colnames(matrix_data) <- c("Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu")
rownames(matrix_data) <- c("Present", "Absent", "On Leave")
row_sums <- rowSums(matrix_data)
col_sums <- colSums(matrix_data)

print(matrix_data)
##          Mon Tue Wed Thu
## Present    2   5   6   7
## Absent     1   0   9   8
## On Leave   6   5   8   3
print(row_sums)
##  Present   Absent On Leave 
##       20       18       22
print(col_sums)
## Mon Tue Wed Thu 
##   9  10  23  18