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1 + 1[1] 2c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10) [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101:10 [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 102004:2025 [1] 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
[16] 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025sum(1:10)[1] 55sum((1:10)^2)[1] 385Nous utiliserons des données displonibles dans R
mtcars mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
Mazda RX4 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4
Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
Datsun 710 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1
Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
Valiant 18.1 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1
Duster 360 14.3 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4
Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2
Merc 280 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4
Merc 280C 17.8 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90 1 0 4 4
Merc 450SE 16.4 8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40 0 0 3 3
Merc 450SL 17.3 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60 0 0 3 3
Merc 450SLC 15.2 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00 0 0 3 3
Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4 8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98 0 0 3 4
Lincoln Continental 10.4 8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82 0 0 3 4
Chrysler Imperial 14.7 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4
Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1
Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2
Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1
Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1
Dodge Challenger 15.5 8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87 0 0 3 2
AMC Javelin 15.2 8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30 0 0 3 2
Camaro Z28 13.3 8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41 0 0 3 4
Pontiac Firebird 19.2 8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05 0 0 3 2
Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2
Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
Ford Pantera L 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5 4
Ferrari Dino 19.7 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50 0 1 5 6
Maserati Bora 15.0 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5 8
Volvo 142E 21.4 4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60 1 1 4 2?mtcars
mtcars$mpg [1] 21.0 21.0 22.8 21.4 18.7 18.1 14.3 24.4 22.8 19.2 17.8 16.4 17.3 15.2 10.4
[16] 10.4 14.7 32.4 30.4 33.9 21.5 15.5 15.2 13.3 19.2 27.3 26.0 30.4 15.8 19.7
[31] 15.0 21.4mean(mtcars$mpg) # Moyenne [1] 20.09062median(mtcars$mpg) # Médiane [1] 19.2sd(mtcars$mpg) # Ecart-type[1] 6.026948Un histogramme de qualité médiocre
hist(mtcars$mpg)
En ligne on écrit \(E=mc^2\) En display on fait \[ E=mc^2 \]
En équation numérotée avec un label pour s’y référer. \[\begin{equation} F = m\gamma \label{eq:force} \end{equation}\]
Voir l’équation \(\eqref{eq:force}\).
\[\begin{equation} E = mc^2 \label{eq:energie} \end{equation}\]
Voir l’équation \(\eqref{eq:energie}\).
library(tidyverse)── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
✔ dplyr 1.1.4 ✔ readr 2.1.5
✔ forcats 1.0.0 ✔ stringr 1.5.1
✔ ggplot2 3.5.1 ✔ tibble 3.2.1
✔ lubridate 1.9.4 ✔ tidyr 1.3.1
✔ purrr 1.0.4
── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
✖ dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errorsmtcars %>% select(mpg) mpg
Mazda RX4 21.0
Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0
Datsun 710 22.8
Hornet 4 Drive 21.4
Hornet Sportabout 18.7
Valiant 18.1
Duster 360 14.3
Merc 240D 24.4
Merc 230 22.8
Merc 280 19.2
Merc 280C 17.8
Merc 450SE 16.4
Merc 450SL 17.3
Merc 450SLC 15.2
Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4
Lincoln Continental 10.4
Chrysler Imperial 14.7
Fiat 128 32.4
Honda Civic 30.4
Toyota Corolla 33.9
Toyota Corona 21.5
Dodge Challenger 15.5
AMC Javelin 15.2
Camaro Z28 13.3
Pontiac Firebird 19.2
Fiat X1-9 27.3
Porsche 914-2 26.0
Lotus Europa 30.4
Ford Pantera L 15.8
Ferrari Dino 19.7
Maserati Bora 15.0
Volvo 142E 21.4La formule de coversion de miles per gallon (mpg) vers L au 100 km
\[ L/100\text{km} = \frac{235.215}{mpg} \]
Appliquons la formule pour créer une nouvelle variable qui donne la xconsommation en litres pour 100 km
mtcars%>%mutate("l/100km"=235.215/mpg)%>%
relocate(`l/100km`, .after = mpg) mpg l/100km cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear
Mazda RX4 21.0 11.200714 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4
Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 11.200714 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4
Datsun 710 22.8 10.316447 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4
Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 10.991355 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3
Hornet Sportabout 18.7 12.578342 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3
Valiant 18.1 12.995304 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3
Duster 360 14.3 16.448601 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3
Merc 240D 24.4 9.639959 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4
Merc 230 22.8 10.316447 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4
Merc 280 19.2 12.250781 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4
Merc 280C 17.8 13.214326 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90 1 0 4
Merc 450SE 16.4 14.342378 8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40 0 0 3
Merc 450SL 17.3 13.596243 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60 0 0 3
Merc 450SLC 15.2 15.474671 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00 0 0 3
Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4 22.616827 8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98 0 0 3
Lincoln Continental 10.4 22.616827 8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82 0 0 3
Chrysler Imperial 14.7 16.001020 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3
Fiat 128 32.4 7.259722 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4
Honda Civic 30.4 7.737336 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4
Toyota Corolla 33.9 6.938496 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4
Toyota Corona 21.5 10.940233 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3
Dodge Challenger 15.5 15.175161 8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87 0 0 3
AMC Javelin 15.2 15.474671 8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30 0 0 3
Camaro Z28 13.3 17.685338 8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41 0 0 3
Pontiac Firebird 19.2 12.250781 8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05 0 0 3
Fiat X1-9 27.3 8.615934 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4
Porsche 914-2 26.0 9.046731 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5
Lotus Europa 30.4 7.737336 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5
Ford Pantera L 15.8 14.887025 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5
Ferrari Dino 19.7 11.939848 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50 0 1 5
Maserati Bora 15.0 15.681000 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5
Volvo 142E 21.4 10.991355 4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60 1 1 4
carb
Mazda RX4 4
Mazda RX4 Wag 4
Datsun 710 1
Hornet 4 Drive 1
Hornet Sportabout 2
Valiant 1
Duster 360 4
Merc 240D 2
Merc 230 2
Merc 280 4
Merc 280C 4
Merc 450SE 3
Merc 450SL 3
Merc 450SLC 3
Cadillac Fleetwood 4
Lincoln Continental 4
Chrysler Imperial 4
Fiat 128 1
Honda Civic 2
Toyota Corolla 1
Toyota Corona 1
Dodge Challenger 2
AMC Javelin 2
Camaro Z28 4
Pontiac Firebird 2
Fiat X1-9 1
Porsche 914-2 2
Lotus Europa 2
Ford Pantera L 4
Ferrari Dino 6
Maserati Bora 8
Volvo 142E 2