Table 1: Participant characteristics


No recommendation
(N=40)		 Recommendation
(N=72)		 TRUE
(N=112)		 P-value
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 76.1 (6.94) 74.7 (14.2) 75.2 (12.1) 0.848
Median [Min, Max] 76.0 [63.0, 91.0] 76.0 [0, 97.0] 76.0 [0, 97.0]
Missing 1 (2.5%) 1 (1.4%) 2 (1.8%)
Sex
Female 8 (20.0%) 7 (9.7%) 15 (13.4%) 0.326
Male 31 (77.5%) 62 (86.1%) 93 (83.0%)
Missing 1 (2.5%) 3 (4.2%) 4 (3.6%)
Race
non-White 2 (5.0%) 6 (8.3%) 8 (7.1%) 0.882
Unknown/NA 4 (10.0%) 11 (15.3%) 15 (13.4%)
White 34 (85.0%) 55 (76.4%) 89 (79.5%)
DBI group
0 23 (57.5%) 14 (19.4%) 37 (33.0%) <0.001
0.01-0.99 12 (30.0%) 21 (29.2%) 33 (29.5%)
1+ 5 (12.5%) 37 (51.4%) 42 (37.5%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 0.382 (0.548) 1.22 (0.979) 0.919 (0.938) <0.001
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 2.08] 1.00 [0, 3.90] 0.700 [0, 3.90]
3-Month DBI
Mean (SD) 0.352 (0.586) 1.07 (0.972) 0.809 (0.918) <0.001
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 2.20] 0.890 [0, 3.90] 0.700 [0, 3.90]
Missing 0 (0%) 2 (2.8%) 2 (1.8%)
Provider type
ARNP 6 (15.0%) 12 (16.7%) 18 (16.1%) 0.408
PA 3 (7.5%) 0 (0%) 3 (2.7%)
Physician 26 (65.0%) 53 (73.6%) 79 (70.5%)
Unknown 5 (12.5%) 6 (8.3%) 11 (9.8%)
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (1.4%) 1 (0.9%)
Number of fall meds
Mean (SD) 3.15 (1.95) 5.08 (2.58) 4.40 (2.55) <0.001
Median [Min, Max] 3.00 [0, 7.00] 5.00 [1.00, 13.0] 4.00 [0, 13.0]
Missing 1 (2.5%) 1 (1.4%) 2 (1.8%)
Cardiovascular drug
No 12 (30.0%) 11 (15.3%) 23 (20.5%) 0.181
Yes 28 (70.0%) 61 (84.7%) 89 (79.5%)
Hypoglycemic drug
No 33 (82.5%) 51 (70.8%) 84 (75.0%) 0.393
Yes 7 (17.5%) 21 (29.2%) 28 (25.0%)
Opioid
No 36 (90.0%) 59 (81.9%) 95 (84.8%) 0.523
Yes 4 (10.0%) 13 (18.1%) 17 (15.2%)
Anticonvulsant drug
No 31 (77.5%) 43 (59.7%) 74 (66.1%) 0.163
Yes 9 (22.5%) 29 (40.3%) 38 (33.9%)
Anticholinergic
No 30 (75.0%) 43 (59.7%) 73 (65.2%) 0.267
Yes 10 (25.0%) 29 (40.3%) 39 (34.8%)
Sedative/hypnotic drug
No 38 (95.0%) 59 (81.9%) 97 (86.6%) 0.151
Yes 2 (5.0%) 13 (18.1%) 15 (13.4%)
Muscle relaxer
No 39 (97.5%) 60 (83.3%) 99 (88.4%) 0.0809
Yes 1 (2.5%) 12 (16.7%) 13 (11.6%)
Antidepressant
No 33 (82.5%) 33 (45.8%) 66 (58.9%) <0.001
Yes 7 (17.5%) 39 (54.2%) 46 (41.1%)
Other drug
No 35 (87.5%) 53 (73.6%) 88 (78.6%) 0.229
Yes 5 (12.5%) 19 (26.4%) 24 (21.4%)
Reviewer
J 17 (42.5%) 17 (23.6%) 34 (30.4%) 0.738
M 9 (22.5%) 27 (37.5%) 36 (32.1%)
RJ 2 (5.0%) 5 (6.9%) 7 (6.3%)
RM 11 (27.5%) 18 (25.0%) 29 (25.9%)
S 1 (2.5%) 3 (4.2%) 4 (3.6%)
Missing 0 (0%) 2 (2.8%) 2 (1.8%)
Anticonvulsants_binary
Mean (SD) 0 (0) 0.278 (0.451) 0.179 (0.385) 0.00103
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 0] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
Anticholinergics_binary
Mean (SD) 0 (0) 0.250 (0.436) 0.161 (0.369) 0.00238
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 0] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
Antidepressants_binary
Mean (SD) 0.0250 (0.158) 0.278 (0.451) 0.188 (0.392) 0.00428
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
Hypoglycemics_binary
Mean (SD) 0 (0) 0.0694 (0.256) 0.0446 (0.207) 0.236
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 0] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
SedativeHypnotics_binary
Mean (SD) 0 (0) 0.0833 (0.278) 0.0536 (0.226) 0.174
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 0] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
Cardiovascular_binary
Mean (SD) 0 (0) 0.264 (0.444) 0.170 (0.377) 0.00157
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 0] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
Opioids_binary
Mean (SD) 0 (0) 0.0694 (0.256) 0.0446 (0.207) 0.236
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 0] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
MuscleRelaxers_binary
Mean (SD) 0 (0) 0.111 (0.316) 0.0714 (0.259) 0.0919
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 0] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]
OtherMedications_binary
Mean (SD) 0.0250 (0.158) 0.264 (0.444) 0.179 (0.385) 0.00642
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00] 0 [0, 1.00]







Table 2: Stratified by recommendation acceptance



Recommendation not performed
(N=35)		 Recommendation performed
(N=37)		 P-value
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 75.3 (14.9) 74.2 (13.6) 0.759
Median [Min, Max] 76.0 [0, 97.0] 75.0 [0, 92.0]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 0 (0%)
Sex
Female 3 (8.6%) 4 (10.8%) 1
Male 30 (85.7%) 32 (86.5%)
Missing 2 (5.7%) 1 (2.7%)
Race
non-White 3 (8.6%) 3 (8.1%) 0.905
Unknown/NA 6 (17.1%) 5 (13.5%)
White 26 (74.3%) 29 (78.4%)
NumberRecommendationsMade
Mean (SD) 1.97 (1.22) 1.84 (1.21) 0.644
Median [Min, Max] 2.00 [1.00, 6.00] 2.00 [1.00, 7.00]
Number of fall meds
Mean (SD) 5.26 (2.42) 4.92 (2.75) 0.575
Median [Min, Max] 5.00 [1.00, 11.0] 4.00 [1.00, 13.0]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 0 (0%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 1.32 (0.965) 1.12 (0.995) 0.391
Median [Min, Max] 1.10 [0, 3.90] 0.860 [0, 3.30]
DBI group
0 4 (11.4%) 10 (27.0%) 0.246
0.01-0.99 11 (31.4%) 10 (27.0%)
1+ 20 (57.1%) 17 (45.9%)
3-Month DBI
Mean (SD) 1.32 (0.975) 0.835 (0.922) 0.0367
Median [Min, Max] 1.05 [0, 3.90] 0.685 [0, 3.30]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 1 (2.7%)
dbi_diff
Mean (SD) -0.000588 (0.0506) -0.280 (0.552) 0.00468
Median [Min, Max] 0 [-0.220, 0.190] 0 [-2.80, 0.500]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 1 (2.7%)
Provider type
ARNP 6 (17.1%) 6 (16.2%) 0.756
Physician 26 (74.3%) 27 (73.0%)
Unknown 2 (5.7%) 4 (10.8%)
Missing 1 (2.9%) 0 (0%)
Reviewer
J 6 (17.1%) 11 (29.7%) 0.207
M 15 (42.9%) 12 (32.4%)
RJ 3 (8.6%) 2 (5.4%)
RM 11 (31.4%) 7 (18.9%)
S 0 (0%) 3 (8.1%)
Missing 0 (0%) 2 (5.4%)
dbi_provided
DBI not provided 8 (22.9%) 17 (45.9%) 0.0704
DBI provided 27 (77.1%) 20 (54.1%)
Cardiovascular drug
No 6 (17.1%) 5 (13.5%) 0.92
Yes 29 (82.9%) 32 (86.5%)
Hypoglycemic drug
No 24 (68.6%) 27 (73.0%) 0.88
Yes 11 (31.4%) 10 (27.0%)
Opioid
No 27 (77.1%) 32 (86.5%) 0.469
Yes 8 (22.9%) 5 (13.5%)
Anticonvulsant drug
No 20 (57.1%) 23 (62.2%) 0.846
Yes 15 (42.9%) 14 (37.8%)
Anticholinergic
No 22 (62.9%) 21 (56.8%) 0.774
Yes 13 (37.1%) 16 (43.2%)
Sedative/hypnotic drug
No 29 (82.9%) 30 (81.1%) 1
Yes 6 (17.1%) 7 (18.9%)
Muscle relaxer
No 30 (85.7%) 30 (81.1%) 0.833
Yes 5 (14.3%) 7 (18.9%)
Antidepressant
No 13 (37.1%) 20 (54.1%) 0.229
Yes 22 (62.9%) 17 (45.9%)
Other drug
No 26 (74.3%) 27 (73.0%) 1
Yes 9 (25.7%) 10 (27.0%)




Table 3: All 3 groups


No rec
(N=40)		 Rec not accepted
(N=34)		 Rec accepted
(N=33)
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 76.1 (6.94) 74.6 (14.6) 74.1 (14.4)
Median [Min, Max] 76.0 [63.0, 91.0] 76.0 [0, 88.0] 75.0 [0, 92.0]
Missing 1 (2.5%) 1 (2.9%) 0 (0%)
Sex
Female 8 (20.0%) 3 (8.8%) 4 (12.1%)
Male 31 (77.5%) 29 (85.3%) 28 (84.8%)
Missing 1 (2.5%) 2 (5.9%) 1 (3.0%)
Race
non-White 2 (5.0%) 3 (8.8%) 3 (9.1%)
Unknown/NA 4 (10.0%) 6 (17.6%) 5 (15.2%)
White 34 (85.0%) 25 (73.5%) 25 (75.8%)
DBI group
0 23 (57.5%) 3 (8.8%) 8 (24.2%)
0.01-0.99 12 (30.0%) 11 (32.4%) 10 (30.3%)
1+ 5 (12.5%) 20 (58.8%) 15 (45.5%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 0.382 (0.548) 1.36 (0.951) 1.12 (0.976)
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 2.08] 1.15 [0, 3.90] 0.860 [0, 3.30]
3-Month DBI
Mean (SD) 0.352 (0.586) 1.36 (0.961) 0.820 (0.900)
Median [Min, Max] 0 [0, 2.20] 1.10 [0, 3.90] 0.685 [0, 3.30]
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2.9%) 1 (3.0%)
dbi_diff
Mean (SD) -0.0295 (0.237) -0.000606 (0.0514) -0.294 (0.572)
Median [Min, Max] 0 [-0.700, 0.700] 0 [-0.220, 0.190] -0.0500 [-2.80, 0.500]
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2.9%) 1 (3.0%)
DBI change
Decrease 4 (10.0%) 1 (2.9%) 16 (48.5%)
Increase 4 (10.0%) 2 (5.9%) 2 (6.1%)
No change 32 (80.0%) 30 (88.2%) 14 (42.4%)
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2.9%) 1 (3.0%)
Significant DBI change
Increase 4 (10.0%) 2 (5.9%) 2 (6.1%)
No change 32 (80.0%) 30 (88.2%) 14 (42.4%)
Significant decrease 3 (7.5%) 0 (0%) 9 (27.3%)
Small decrease 1 (2.5%) 1 (2.9%) 7 (21.2%)
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2.9%) 1 (3.0%)
Provider type
ARNP 6 (15.0%) 6 (17.6%) 4 (12.1%)
PA 3 (7.5%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Physician 26 (65.0%) 25 (73.5%) 25 (75.8%)
Unknown 5 (12.5%) 2 (5.9%) 4 (12.1%)
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2.9%) 0 (0%)
Number of fall meds
Mean (SD) 3.15 (1.95) 5.36 (2.38) 4.76 (2.48)
Median [Min, Max] 3.00 [0, 7.00] 5.00 [1.00, 11.0] 4.00 [1.00, 11.0]
Missing 1 (2.5%) 1 (2.9%) 0 (0%)
Cardiovascular drug
No 12 (30.0%) 5 (14.7%) 5 (15.2%)
Yes 28 (70.0%) 29 (85.3%) 28 (84.8%)
Hypoglycemic drug
No 33 (82.5%) 23 (67.6%) 25 (75.8%)
Yes 7 (17.5%) 11 (32.4%) 8 (24.2%)
Opioid
No 36 (90.0%) 26 (76.5%) 29 (87.9%)
Yes 4 (10.0%) 8 (23.5%) 4 (12.1%)
Anticonvulsant drug
No 31 (77.5%) 19 (55.9%) 19 (57.6%)
Yes 9 (22.5%) 15 (44.1%) 14 (42.4%)
Anticholinergic
No 30 (75.0%) 22 (64.7%) 21 (63.6%)
Yes 10 (25.0%) 12 (35.3%) 12 (36.4%)
Sedative/hypnotic drug
No 38 (95.0%) 28 (82.4%) 28 (84.8%)
Yes 2 (5.0%) 6 (17.6%) 5 (15.2%)
Muscle relaxer
No 39 (97.5%) 29 (85.3%) 26 (78.8%)
Yes 1 (2.5%) 5 (14.7%) 7 (21.2%)
Antidepressant
No 33 (82.5%) 12 (35.3%) 18 (54.5%)
Yes 7 (17.5%) 22 (64.7%) 15 (45.5%)
Other drug
No 35 (87.5%) 26 (76.5%) 23 (69.7%)
Yes 5 (12.5%) 8 (23.5%) 10 (30.3%)
Reviewer
J 17 (42.5%) 6 (17.6%) 9 (27.3%)
M 9 (22.5%) 14 (41.2%) 12 (36.4%)
RJ 2 (5.0%) 3 (8.8%) 2 (6.1%)
RM 11 (27.5%) 11 (32.4%) 6 (18.2%)
S 1 (2.5%) 0 (0%) 3 (9.1%)
Missing 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (3.0%)




Table 4: Stratified by DBI provided



DBI not provided
(N=25)		 DBI provided
(N=47)		 P-value
NumberRecommendationsMade
Mean (SD) 1.56 (0.768) 2.09 (1.36) 0.0404
Median [Min, Max] 1.00 [1.00, 4.00] 2.00 [1.00, 7.00]
NumberReccomendationsAccepted
Mean (SD) 0.840 (0.688) 0.681 (1.20) 0.477
Median [Min, Max] 1.00 [0, 2.00] 0 [0, 7.00]
DBI group
0 4 (16.0%) 10 (21.3%) 0.336
0.01-0.99 10 (40.0%) 11 (23.4%)
1+ 11 (44.0%) 26 (55.3%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 0.970 (0.729) 1.35 (1.07) 0.082
Median [Min, Max] 0.800 [0, 2.50] 1.20 [0, 3.90]
3-Month DBI
Mean (SD) 0.777 (0.749) 1.21 (1.04) 0.0498
Median [Min, Max] 0.760 [0, 2.60] 1.00 [0, 3.90]
Missing 2 (8.0%) 0 (0%)
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 76.6 (5.61) 73.7 (17.1) 0.296
Median [Min, Max] 75.0 [69.0, 92.0] 76.0 [0, 97.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2.1%)
Reviewer
J 15 (60.0%) 2 (4.3%) <0.001
M 3 (12.0%) 24 (51.1%)
RJ 3 (12.0%) 2 (4.3%)
S 3 (12.0%) 0 (0%)
RM 0 (0%) 18 (38.3%)
Missing 1 (4.0%) 1 (2.1%)






Table 5: Stratified by reviewer


J
(N=34)		 M
(N=36)		 RJ
(N=7)		 RM
(N=29)		 S
(N=4)		 P-value
NumberRecommendationsMade
Mean (SD) 0.735 (0.931) 1.72 (1.70) 1.29 (1.38) 1.14 (1.13) 1.25 (0.957) 0.0448
Median [Min, Max] 0.500 [0, 4.00] 1.00 [0, 7.00] 1.00 [0, 4.00] 1.00 [0, 4.00] 1.50 [0, 2.00]
rec_bi
No recommendation 17 (50.0%) 9 (25.0%) 2 (28.6%) 11 (37.9%) 1 (25.0%) 0.269
Recommendation 17 (50.0%) 27 (75.0%) 5 (71.4%) 18 (62.1%) 3 (75.0%)
dbi_provided
DBI not provided 30 (88.2%) 4 (11.1%) 3 (42.9%) 0 (0%) 4 (100%) <0.001
DBI provided 4 (11.8%) 32 (88.9%) 4 (57.1%) 29 (100%) 0 (0%)
DBI group
0 11 (32.4%) 12 (33.3%) 2 (28.6%) 9 (31.0%) 2 (50.0%) 0.677
0.01-0.99 12 (35.3%) 9 (25.0%) 3 (42.9%) 6 (20.7%) 2 (50.0%)
1+ 11 (32.4%) 15 (41.7%) 2 (28.6%) 14 (48.3%) 0 (0%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 0.771 (0.743) 1.08 (1.11) 0.840 (0.828) 1.04 (0.989) 0.250 (0.289) 0.357
Median [Min, Max] 0.685 [0, 2.50] 0.750 [0, 3.60] 0.750 [0, 2.40] 0.900 [0, 3.90] 0.250 [0, 0.500]
Number of fall meds
Mean (SD) 4.12 (2.68) 4.54 (2.47) 4.86 (2.48) 4.79 (2.65) 2.25 (1.50) 0.383
Median [Min, Max] 4.00 [0, 13.0] 4.00 [1.00, 11.0] 4.00 [2.00, 8.00] 5.00 [0, 11.0] 3.00 [0, 3.00]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 1 (2.8%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 75.9 (5.48) 75.0 (14.5) 76.1 (4.06) 73.3 (16.1) 81.3 (9.57) 0.765
Median [Min, Max] 75.0 [64.0, 88.0] 76.0 [0, 97.0] 74.0 [74.0, 85.0] 75.0 [0, 91.0] 82.0 [69.0, 92.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 2 (5.6%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
J
(N=17)		 M
(N=27)		 RJ
(N=5)		 RM
(N=18)		 S
(N=3)
NumberRecommendationsMade
Mean (SD) 1.47 (0.800) 2.30 (1.59) 1.80 (1.30) 1.83 (0.857) 1.67 (0.577)
Median [Min, Max] 1.00 [1.00, 4.00] 2.00 [1.00, 7.00] 1.00 [1.00, 4.00] 2.00 [1.00, 4.00] 2.00 [1.00, 2.00]
rec_performed_bi
Recommendation not performed 6 (35.3%) 15 (55.6%) 3 (60.0%) 11 (61.1%) 0 (0%)
Recommendation performed 11 (64.7%) 12 (44.4%) 2 (40.0%) 7 (38.9%) 3 (100%)
dbi_provided
DBI not provided 15 (88.2%) 3 (11.1%) 3 (60.0%) 0 (0%) 3 (100%)
DBI provided 2 (11.8%) 24 (88.9%) 2 (40.0%) 18 (100%) 0 (0%)
DBI group
0 2 (11.8%) 7 (25.9%) 0 (0%) 3 (16.7%) 1 (33.3%)
0.01-0.99 6 (35.3%) 7 (25.9%) 3 (60.0%) 2 (11.1%) 2 (66.7%)
1+ 9 (52.9%) 13 (48.1%) 2 (40.0%) 13 (72.2%) 0 (0%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 1.11 (0.711) 1.29 (1.17) 1.18 (0.731) 1.45 (0.994) 0.333 (0.289)
Median [Min, Max] 1.00 [0, 2.50] 0.900 [0, 3.60] 0.800 [0.630, 2.40] 1.45 [0, 3.90] 0.500 [0, 0.500]
Number of fall meds
Mean (SD) 5.06 (2.84) 5.00 (2.50) 5.60 (2.61) 5.61 (2.77) 3.00 (0)
Median [Min, Max] 5.00 [2.00, 13.0] 5.00 [1.00, 11.0] 6.00 [2.00, 8.00] 5.00 [1.00, 11.0] 3.00 [3.00, 3.00]
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (3.7%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 76.0 (5.34) 74.0 (16.2) 76.4 (4.83) 72.6 (19.3) 80.3 (11.5)
Median [Min, Max] 75.0 [69.0, 87.0] 76.0 [0, 97.0] 74.0 [74.0, 85.0] 75.5 [0, 88.0] 80.0 [69.0, 92.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (3.7%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)



GSA poster stuff


DBI not provided
(N=25)		 DBI provided
(N=47)		 P-value
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 76.6 (5.61) 73.7 (17.1) 0.296
Median [Min, Max] 75.0 [69.0, 92.0] 76.0 [0, 97.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2.1%)
Sex
Female 2 (8.0%) 5 (10.6%) 0.976
Male 23 (92.0%) 39 (83.0%)
Missing 0 (0%) 3 (6.4%)
Race
non-White 1 (4.0%) 5 (10.6%) 0.0716
Unknown/NA 1 (4.0%) 10 (21.3%)
White 23 (92.0%) 32 (68.1%)
rec_performed_bi
Recommendation not performed 8 (32.0%) 27 (57.4%) 0.0704
Recommendation performed 17 (68.0%) 20 (42.6%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 0.970 (0.729) 1.35 (1.07) 0.082
Median [Min, Max] 0.800 [0, 2.50] 1.20 [0, 3.90]
Recommendation not performed
(N=35)		 Recommendation performed
(N=37)		 P-value
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 75.3 (14.9) 74.2 (13.6) 0.759
Median [Min, Max] 76.0 [0, 97.0] 75.0 [0, 92.0]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 0 (0%)
Sex
Female 3 (8.6%) 4 (10.8%) 1
Male 30 (85.7%) 32 (86.5%)
Missing 2 (5.7%) 1 (2.7%)
Race
non-White 3 (8.6%) 3 (8.1%) 0.905
Unknown/NA 6 (17.1%) 5 (13.5%)
White 26 (74.3%) 29 (78.4%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 1.32 (0.965) 1.12 (0.995) 0.391
Median [Min, Max] 1.10 [0, 3.90] 0.860 [0, 3.30]
3-Month DBI
Mean (SD) 1.32 (0.975) 0.835 (0.922) 0.0367
Median [Min, Max] 1.05 [0, 3.90] 0.685 [0, 3.30]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 1 (2.7%)
dbi_diff
Mean (SD) -0.000588 (0.0506) -0.280 (0.552) 0.00468
Median [Min, Max] 0 [-0.220, 0.190] 0 [-2.80, 0.500]
Missing 1 (2.9%) 1 (2.7%)
dbi_provided
DBI not provided 8 (22.9%) 17 (45.9%) 0.0704
DBI provided 27 (77.1%) 20 (54.1%) 
## [1] "DBI  not provided" "DBI provided"







## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_boxplot()`).
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_summary()`).



Exploring number of fall meds vs. rec acceptance






4-6
(N=31)		 7-8
(N=10)		 P-value
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 71.2 (19.9) 73.1 (4.33) 0.634
Median [Min, Max] 75.0 [0, 88.0] 74.0 [67.0, 80.0]
Missing 1 (3.2%) 0 (0%)
Sex
Female 4 (12.9%) 1 (10.0%) 1
Male 24 (77.4%) 9 (90.0%)
Missing 3 (9.7%) 0 (0%)
Race
non-White 1 (3.2%) 2 (20.0%) 0.152
Unknown/NA 8 (25.8%) 1 (10.0%)
White 22 (71.0%) 7 (70.0%)
DBI group
0 4 (12.9%) 0 (0%) 0.167
0.01-0.99 9 (29.0%) 1 (10.0%)
1+ 18 (58.1%) 9 (90.0%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 1.30 (0.838) 1.93 (0.713) 0.0329
Median [Min, Max] 1.40 [0, 3.10] 1.95 [0.800, 3.30]
Provider type
ARNP 6 (19.4%) 0 (0%) 0.259
Physician 21 (67.7%) 8 (80.0%)
Unknown 3 (9.7%) 2 (20.0%)
Missing 1 (3.2%) 0 (0%)
Number of fall meds
Mean (SD) 5.10 (0.831) 7.60 (0.516) <0.001
Median [Min, Max] 5.00 [4.00, 6.00] 8.00 [7.00, 8.00]
Cardiovascular drug
No 5 (16.1%) 0 (0%) 0.424
Yes 26 (83.9%) 10 (100%)
Hypoglycemic drug
No 26 (83.9%) 2 (20.0%) <0.001
Yes 5 (16.1%) 8 (80.0%)
Opioid
No 25 (80.6%) 8 (80.0%) 1
Yes 6 (19.4%) 2 (20.0%)
Anticonvulsant drug
No 21 (67.7%) 4 (40.0%) 0.234
Yes 10 (32.3%) 6 (60.0%)
Anticholinergic
No 18 (58.1%) 6 (60.0%) 1
Yes 13 (41.9%) 4 (40.0%)
Sedative/hypnotic drug
No 25 (80.6%) 8 (80.0%) 1
Yes 6 (19.4%) 2 (20.0%)
Muscle relaxer
No 25 (80.6%) 6 (60.0%) 0.369
Yes 6 (19.4%) 4 (40.0%)
Antidepressant
No 9 (29.0%) 2 (20.0%) 0.881
Yes 22 (71.0%) 8 (80.0%)
Other drug
No 24 (77.4%) 7 (70.0%) 0.959
Yes 7 (22.6%) 3 (30.0%)
Reviewer
J 8 (25.8%) 1 (10.0%) 0.413
M 11 (35.5%) 5 (50.0%)
RJ 2 (6.5%) 2 (20.0%)
RM 9 (29.0%) 2 (20.0%)
Missing 1 (3.2%) 0 (0%)
dbi_provided
DBI not provided 10 (32.3%) 4 (40.0%) 0.948
DBI provided 21 (67.7%) 6 (60.0%)
7-8
(N=10)		 9-11
(N=6)		 P-value
Baseline age
Mean (SD) 73.1 (4.33) 77.8 (5.00) 0.0846
Median [Min, Max] 74.0 [67.0, 80.0] 76.0 [75.0, 88.0]
Sex
Female 1 (10.0%) 0 (0%) 1
Male 9 (90.0%) 6 (100%)
Race
non-White 2 (20.0%) 1 (16.7%) 0.701
Unknown/NA 1 (10.0%) 0 (0%)
White 7 (70.0%) 5 (83.3%)
DBI group
0.01-0.99 1 (10.0%) 0 (0%) 1
1+ 9 (90.0%) 6 (100%)
Initial DBI
Mean (SD) 1.93 (0.713) 2.60 (0.938) 0.17
Median [Min, Max] 1.95 [0.800, 3.30] 2.25 [1.57, 3.90]
Provider type
Physician 8 (80.0%) 4 (66.7%) 0.0992
Unknown 2 (20.0%) 0 (0%)
ARNP 0 (0%) 2 (33.3%)
Number of fall meds
Mean (SD) 7.60 (0.516) 9.83 (0.983) 0.00151
Median [Min, Max] 8.00 [7.00, 8.00] 9.50 [9.00, 11.0]
Cardiovascular drug
Yes 10 (100%) 6 (100%) 0.317
Hypoglycemic drug
No 2 (20.0%) 2 (33.3%) 1
Yes 8 (80.0%) 4 (66.7%)
Opioid
No 8 (80.0%) 3 (50.0%) 0.486
Yes 2 (20.0%) 3 (50.0%)
Anticonvulsant drug
No 4 (40.0%) 0 (0%) 0.233
Yes 6 (60.0%) 6 (100%)
Anticholinergic
No 6 (60.0%) 2 (33.3%) 0.606
Yes 4 (40.0%) 4 (66.7%)
Sedative/hypnotic drug
No 8 (80.0%) 4 (66.7%) 1
Yes 2 (20.0%) 2 (33.3%)
Muscle relaxer
No 6 (60.0%) 4 (66.7%) 1
Yes 4 (40.0%) 2 (33.3%)
Antidepressant
No 2 (20.0%) 2 (33.3%) 1
Yes 8 (80.0%) 4 (66.7%)
Other drug
No 7 (70.0%) 3 (50.0%) 0.79
Yes 3 (30.0%) 3 (50.0%)
Reviewer
J 1 (10.0%) 1 (16.7%) 0.449
M 5 (50.0%) 2 (33.3%)
RJ 2 (20.0%) 0 (0%)
RM 2 (20.0%) 3 (50.0%)
dbi_provided
DBI not provided 4 (40.0%) 1 (16.7%) 0.676
DBI provided 6 (60.0%) 5 (83.3%) 



ggplot(dbi, aes(x = as.factor(NumberReccomendationsAccepted), y = dbi_diff)) +
  geom_boxplot() +
  EnvStats::stat_n_text()



## Warning: Removed 1 row containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_count()`).

## Warning: Removed 1 row containing missing values or values outside the scale range
## (`geom_bar()`).



## Warning: Removed 1 row containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_count()`).

## Warning: Removed 1 row containing missing values or values outside the scale range
## (`geom_bar()`).



Proportions of recommendations accepted by group



Proportions of recommendations accepted based on different parameters
N Fall meds taken Recs made Recs accepted Proportion w/ recs accepted Proportion of recs accepted
Overall
Overall 72 5.1 1.9 0.7 51.4 43.4
Was DBI provided?
DBI not provided 25 5.1 1.6 0.8 68.0 61.3
DBI provided 47 5.1 2.1 0.7 42.6 33.9
DBI group
0 14 2.7 1.3 0.9 71.4 67.9
0.01-0.99 21 3.9 1.4 0.5 47.6 40.5
1+ 37 6.6 2.4 0.8 45.9 35.8
Number of recs
1 34 4.1 1.0 0.5 52.9 52.9
2 24 5.0 2.0 0.8 54.2 41.7
3 6 7.5 3.0 0.5 50.0 16.7
4 6 7.3 4.0 0.8 33.3 20.8
6 1 9.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 1 7.0 7.0 7.0 100.0 100.0
Number of recs
J 17 5.1 1.5 0.7 64.7 61.8
M 27 5.0 2.3 0.8 44.4 34.0
RJ 5 5.6 1.8 1.0 40.0 35.0
RM 18 5.6 1.8 0.5 38.9 32.4
S 3 3.0 1.7 1.3 100.0 83.3
NA 2 3.5 1.5 1.0 100.0 75.0





DBI not provided


Proportions of recommendations accepted based on different parameters
N Fall meds taken Recs made Recs accepted Proportion w/ recs accepted Proportion of recs accepted
Overall
Overall 25 5.1 1.6 0.8 68.0 61.3
DBI group
0 4 3.5 1.2 1.2 100.0 100.0
0.01-0.99 10 3.8 1.4 0.8 70.0 60.0
1+ 11 6.9 1.8 0.7 54.5 48.5
Reviewer
J 15 5.2 1.5 0.7 60.0 56.7
M 3 6.3 2.0 1.3 100.0 77.8
RJ 3 6.0 1.3 0.7 33.3 33.3
S 3 3.0 1.7 1.3 100.0 83.3
NA 1 4.0 1.0 1.0 100.0 100.0



DBI provided


Proportions of recommendations accepted based on different parameters
N Fall meds taken Recs made Recs accepted Proportion w/ recs accepted Proportion of recs accepted
Overall
Overall 47 5.1 2.1 0.7 42.6 33.9
DBI group
0 10 2.3 1.3 0.7 60.0 55.0
0.01-0.99 11 3.9 1.5 0.3 27.3 22.7
1+ 26 6.5 2.7 0.8 42.3 30.4
DBI group
J 2 4.0 1.0 1.0 100.0 100.0
M 24 4.8 2.3 0.7 37.5 28.5
RJ 2 5.0 2.5 1.5 50.0 37.5
RM 18 5.6 1.8 0.5 38.9 32.4
NA 1 3.0 2.0 1.0 100.0 50.0



Distribution of baseline DBI for those who received a rec






Baseline vs. 3-month DBI for those who had a rec accepted






Sankey diagram



Baseline DBI group vs. 3m DBI group





Baseline DBI group vs. DBI change








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## (`geom_point()`).

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## (`stat_summary()`).

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## (`stat_summary()`).

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## (`stat_boxplot()`).
## Removed 2 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_summary()`).



Proportions of recommendations accepted based on drug classes taken
N Fall meds taken Recs made Recs accepted Proportion w/ recs accepted Proportion of recs accepted
Overall
Overall 72 5.1 1.9 0.7 51.4 43.4
Cardiovascular drug
No 11 3.2 1.8 0.5 45.5 30.3
Yes 61 5.4 1.9 0.8 52.5 45.8
Hypoglycemic drug
No 51 4.2 1.8 0.8 52.9 46.7
Yes 21 7.3 2.1 0.7 47.6 35.3
Opioid
No 59 4.7 1.8 0.8 54.2 46.5
Yes 13 6.9 2.5 0.5 38.5 29.5
Anticonvulsant drug
No 43 4.4 1.6 0.7 53.5 45.7
Yes 29 6.1 2.4 0.9 48.3 39.9
Anticholinergic
No 43 4.6 1.9 0.8 48.8 44.4
Yes 29 5.7 2.0 0.7 55.2 42.0
Sedative/hypnotic drug
No 59 4.8 1.8 0.7 50.8 43.1
Yes 13 6.5 2.2 1.0 53.8 44.9
Muscle relaxer
No 60 4.7 1.7 0.7 50.0 43.9
Yes 12 6.8 2.9 1.0 58.3 41.0
Antidepressant
No 33 3.8 1.5 0.7 60.6 51.5
Yes 39 6.1 2.2 0.7 43.6 36.5
Other drug
No 53 4.9 1.8 0.7 50.9 43.7
Yes 19 5.5 2.2 0.8 52.6 42.5






Exploring top drugs



## # A tibble: 116 × 2
##    Drug       Count
##    <chr>      <dbl>
##  1 amlodipine    33
##  2 metoprolol    28
##  3 losartan      28
##  4 tamsulosin    28
##  5 gabapentin    25
##  6 lisinopril    23
##  7 trazodone     13
##  8 carvedilol    11
##  9 duloxetine    10
## 10 cetirizine    10
## # ℹ 106 more rows
## # A tibble: 75 × 2
##    Drug        Count
##    <chr>       <dbl>
##  1 gabapentin     25
##  2 trazodone      13
##  3 duloxetine     10
##  4 cetirizine     10
##  5 loratadine     10
##  6 sertraline      9
##  7 bupropion       9
##  8 oxycodone       8
##  9 pregabalin      7
## 10 venlafaxine     7
## # ℹ 65 more rows







Proportions of recommendations accepted based on drug
N DBI Recs made Recs accepted Proportion w/ recs accepted Proportion of recs accepted
Overall
NA 72 1.2 1.9 0.7 51.4 43.4
Gabapentin
No 53 1.0 1.7 0.6 49.1 41.8
Yes 19 1.9 2.6 1.1 57.9 47.8
Trazodone
No 61 1.1 1.9 0.7 50.8 42.5
Yes 11 1.8 2.2 1.1 54.5 48.5
Loratadine
No 67 1.2 1.9 0.7 50.7 43.2
Yes 5 1.0 2.2 0.8 60.0 46.7
Duloxetine
No 63 1.1 1.8 0.8 54.0 45.9
Yes 9 2.0 2.4 0.4 33.3 25.9
Cetirizine
No 65 1.2 1.9 0.7 49.2 41.2
Yes 7 0.9 1.6 0.9 71.4 64.3
Glipizide/Glimeperide
No 70 1.2 1.9 0.8 52.9 44.6
Yes 2 1.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0










Rec accepted models


## 
## Call:
## glm(formula = rec_performed_bi_n ~ NumberFallMeds + dbi_group + 
##     dbi_provided + Reviewer, family = binomial, data = dbi_rec)
## 
## Coefficients:
##                            Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)  
## (Intercept)                -0.05132    0.81898  -0.063   0.9500  
## NumberFallMeds              0.08760    0.13445   0.652   0.5147  
## dbi_group0                  1.90711    0.92580   2.060   0.0394 *
## dbi_group1+                 0.25270    0.73676   0.343   0.7316  
## dbi_providedDBI provided   -0.60272    0.88243  -0.683   0.4946  
## ReviewerM                  -0.62130    0.94972  -0.654   0.5130  
## ReviewerRJ                 -0.72754    1.10967  -0.656   0.5121  
## ReviewerRM                 -0.72336    1.07699  -0.672   0.5018  
## ReviewerS                  16.82437 2070.48591   0.008   0.9935  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## (Dispersion parameter for binomial family taken to be 1)
## 
##     Null deviance: 91.435  on 65  degrees of freedom
## Residual deviance: 79.689  on 57  degrees of freedom
##   (3 observations deleted due to missingness)
## AIC: 97.689
## 
## Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 16



## 
## Call:
## glm(formula = rec_performed_bi_n ~ AgeAtEnrollment + dbi_group + 
##     dbi_provided + dbi_group * dbi_provided, family = binomial, 
##     data = dbi_rec)
## 
## Coefficients:
##                                        Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)  
## (Intercept)                             5.89258    3.96526   1.486   0.1373  
## AgeAtEnrollment                        -0.06315    0.04863  -1.298   0.1941  
## dbi_group0                             16.48248 1950.22368   0.008   0.9933  
## dbi_group1+                            -1.02521    0.97542  -1.051   0.2932  
## dbi_providedDBI provided               -1.93225    0.98684  -1.958   0.0502 .
## dbi_group0:dbi_providedDBI provided   -14.88472 1950.22393  -0.008   0.9939  
## dbi_group1+:dbi_providedDBI provided    1.49237    1.23577   1.208   0.2272  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## (Dispersion parameter for binomial family taken to be 1)
## 
##     Null deviance: 95.524  on 68  degrees of freedom
## Residual deviance: 83.477  on 62  degrees of freedom
## AIC: 97.477
## 
## Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 16




DBI difference models


## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = dbi_diff ~ AgeAtEnrollment + dbi_group + dbi_provided, 
##     data = dbi_rec_performed)
## 
## Residuals:
##      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
## -0.69421 -0.19400 -0.02675  0.14094  0.67141 
## 
## Coefficients:
##                           Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)               0.498210   0.986809   0.505    0.617
## AgeAtEnrollment          -0.003619   0.012396  -0.292    0.772
## dbi_group0               -0.164229   0.152786  -1.075    0.291
## dbi_group1+               0.180123   0.163216   1.104    0.279
## dbi_providedDBI provided -0.081936   0.118632  -0.691    0.495
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.3318 on 30 degrees of freedom
##   (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared:  0.2041, Adjusted R-squared:  0.09797 
## F-statistic: 1.923 on 4 and 30 DF,  p-value: 0.1323



## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = dbi_diff ~ AgeAtEnrollment + dbi_group * dbi_provided, 
##     data = dbi_rec_performed)
## 
## Residuals:
##      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
## -0.73012 -0.20973 -0.00618  0.12392  0.66627 
## 
## Coefficients:
##                                       Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)                           0.749039   1.066620   0.702    0.488
## AgeAtEnrollment                      -0.006178   0.013260  -0.466    0.645
## dbi_group0                           -0.279542   0.218721  -1.278    0.212
## dbi_group1+                           0.099632   0.215293   0.463    0.647
## dbi_providedDBI provided             -0.242579   0.235923  -1.028    0.313
## dbi_group0:dbi_providedDBI provided   0.270379   0.332641   0.813    0.423
## dbi_group1+:dbi_providedDBI provided  0.184784   0.299264   0.617    0.542
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.3393 on 28 degrees of freedom
##   (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared:  0.2234, Adjusted R-squared:  0.05704 
## F-statistic: 1.343 on 6 and 28 DF,  p-value: 0.2718