Tugas

Sains Data Programming

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PRAKTIKUM

1. Identifikasi Tipe Data

# R
a <- 42
b <- 3.14
c <- "Hello"
d <- FALSE
e <- c(1, 2, 3)
f <- list(name = "Alice", age = 25)

# Mengidentifikasi tipe data
cat("Tipe data a:", class(a), "\n")  # "numeric" - a adalah numeric (bilangan, termasuk integer dan float)

## Tipe data a: numeric

cat("Tipe data b:", class(b), "\n")  # "numeric" - b adalah numeric (bilangan, termasuk integer dan float)

## Tipe data b: numeric

cat("Tipe data c:", class(c), "\n")  # "character" - c adalah character (teks)

## Tipe data c: character

cat("Tipe data d:", class(d), "\n")  # "logical" - d adalah logical (TRUE atau FALSE)

## Tipe data d: logical

cat("Tipe data e:", class(e), "\n")  # "numeric" - e adalah numeric vector (vektor yang berisi bilangan)

## Tipe data e: numeric

cat("Tipe data f:", class(f), "\n")  # "list" - f adalah list (daftar yang bisa berisi berbagai tipe data)

## Tipe data f: list

2. Variabel dan Manipulasi Data

# R
x <- 20
y <- 5
text1 <- "Data"
text2 <- "Science"

# 1. Update the value of x by adding 10
x <- x + 10
cat("Updated x:", x, "\n")  # Output: Updated x: 30

## Updated x: 30

# 2. Concatenate text1 and text2 into "Data Science"
concatenated_text <- paste(text1, text2)
cat("Concatenated text:", concatenated_text, "\n")  # Output: Concatenated text: Data Science

## Concatenated text: Data Science

# 3. Convert the concatenated text to uppercase
uppercase_text <- toupper(concatenated_text)
cat("Uppercase text:", uppercase_text, "\n")  # Output: Uppercase text: DATA SCIENCE

## Uppercase text: DATA SCIENCE

3. Operasi Aritmatika

# R
a <- 15
b <- 4

# 1. Compute the sum, difference, product, division, and modulo of a and b
sum_result <- a + b
difference_result <- a - b
product_result <- a * b
division_result <- a / b
modulo_result <- a %% b

cat("Sum:", sum_result, "\n")  # Output: Sum: 19

## Sum: 19

cat("Difference:", difference_result, "\n")  # Output: Difference: 11

## Difference: 11

cat("Product:", product_result, "\n")  # Output: Product: 60

## Product: 60

cat("Division:", division_result, "\n")  # Output: Division: 3.75

## Division: 3.75

cat("Modulo:", modulo_result, "\n")  # Output: Modulo: 3

## Modulo: 3

# 2. Compute a raised to the power of b
power_result <- a ^ b
cat("Power:", power_result, "\n")  # Output: Power: 50625

## Power: 50625

# 3. Create a new variable c = a / b and convert it to an integer
c <- as.integer(a / b)
cat("Integer c:", c, "\n")  # Output: Integer c: 3

## Integer c: 3

4. Operasi String

# R
text <- "Hello, Data Science!"

# 1. Extract the first 5 characters from the text
first_five <- substr(text, 1, 5)
cat("First 5 characters:", first_five, "\n")  # Output: First 5 characters: Hello

## First 5 characters: Hello

# 2. Count the number of characters in the text
char_count <- nchar(text)
cat("Number of characters:", char_count, "\n")  # Output: Number of characters: 19

## Number of characters: 20

# 3. Convert the text to lowercase
lowercase_text <- tolower(text)
cat("Lowercase text:", lowercase_text, "\n")  # Output: Lowercase text: hello, data science!

## Lowercase text: hello, data science!

5. Perbandingan dan Logika Operator

# R
x <- 7
y <- 10

# 1. Check if x is greater than y
cat("x > y:", x > y, "\n")  # Output: x > y: FALSE

## x > y: FALSE

# 2. Check if x is less than or equal to y
cat("x <= y:", x <= y, "\n")  # Output: x <= y: TRUE

## x <= y: TRUE

# 3. Check if x is not equal to y
cat("x != y:", x != y, "\n")  # Output: x != y: TRUE

## x != y: TRUE

# 4. Evaluate the expression (x > 5) AND (y < 20)
cat("(x > 5) & (y < 20):", (x > 5) & (y < 20), "\n")  # Output: (x > 5) & (y < 20): TRUE

## (x > 5) & (y < 20): TRUE

6. Konfersi Tipe Data

# R
num_str <- "123"
num_float <- 45.67

# 1. Convert num_str to an integer and add 10
num_int <- as.integer(num_str) + 10
cat("Converted num_str + 10:", num_int, "\n")  # Output: Converted num_str + 10: 133

## Converted num_str + 10: 133

# 2. Convert num_float to an integer
num_float_to_int <- as.integer(num_float)
cat("Converted num_float to integer:", num_float_to_int, "\n")  # Output: Converted num_float to integer: 45

## Converted num_float to integer: 45

# 3. Convert the converted num_float back to a string
num_float_to_str <- as.character(num_float_to_int)
cat("Converted num_float back to string:", num_float_to_str, "\n")  # Output: Converted num_float back to string: 45

## Converted num_float back to string: 45

BONUS

# R
# Meminta input dari pengguna
name <- readline(prompt = "Enter your name: Nabil ")

## Enter your name: Nabil

age <- readline(prompt = "Enter your age: 19 ")

## Enter your age: 19

hometown <- readline(prompt = "Enter your hometown: Deltamas ")

## Enter your hometown: Deltamas

# Mencetak output
cat("Hello", name, ", you are", age, "years old and from", hometown, ".\n")

## Hello  , you are  years old and from  .

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