data <- data.frame(
  Gender = c(1,0,0,1,1),                            
  Age = c(30.83,58.67,24.50,27.83,20.17),
  Debt = c(0.000,4.460,0.500,1.540,5.625),
  Married = c(1,1,1,1,1),                            
  BankCustomer = c(1,1,1,1,1),                       
  Industry = c("Industrials", "Materials", "Materials", "Industrials", "Industrials"),
  YearsEmployed = c(1.25, 3.04, 1.50, 3.75, 1.71),
  PriorDefault = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1),                   
  Employed = c(1, 1, 0, 1, 0),                       
  CreditScore = c(1, 6, 0, 5, 0),
  DriverLicense = c(0, 0, 0, 1, 0),                  
  Citizen = c("ByBirth", "ByBirth", "ByBirth", "ByBirth", "ByOtherMeans"),
  ZipCode = c(202, 43, 280, 100, 200),
  Income = c(0, 560, 824, 3, 0),
  Approved = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1)                       
)

print(data)
##   Gender   Age  Debt Married BankCustomer    Industry YearsEmployed
## 1      1 30.83 0.000       1            1 Industrials          1.25
## 2      0 58.67 4.460       1            1   Materials          3.04
## 3      0 24.50 0.500       1            1   Materials          1.50
## 4      1 27.83 1.540       1            1 Industrials          3.75
## 5      1 20.17 5.625       1            1 Industrials          1.71
##   PriorDefault Employed CreditScore DriverLicense      Citizen ZipCode Income
## 1            1        1           1             0      ByBirth     202      0
## 2            1        1           6             0      ByBirth      43    560
## 3            1        0           0             0      ByBirth     280    824
## 4            1        1           5             1      ByBirth     100      3
## 5            1        0           0             0 ByOtherMeans     200      0
##   Approved
## 1        1
## 2        1
## 3        1
## 4        1
## 5        1
# Konversi kategorikal menjadi numerik
data$Industry <- ifelse(data$Industry == "Industrials", 1, 2)
data$Citizen <- ifelse(data$Citizen == "ByBirth", 1, 2)

# Melihat data setelah konversi
print(data)
##   Gender   Age  Debt Married BankCustomer Industry YearsEmployed PriorDefault
## 1      1 30.83 0.000       1            1        1          1.25            1
## 2      0 58.67 4.460       1            1        2          3.04            1
## 3      0 24.50 0.500       1            1        2          1.50            1
## 4      1 27.83 1.540       1            1        1          3.75            1
## 5      1 20.17 5.625       1            1        1          1.71            1
##   Employed CreditScore DriverLicense Citizen ZipCode Income Approved
## 1        1           1             0       1     202      0        1
## 2        1           6             0       1      43    560        1
## 3        0           0             0       1     280    824        1
## 4        1           5             1       1     100      3        1
## 5        0           0             0       2     200      0        1
# Menggunakan semua data
data_num <- data
# Variance covariance matrix
cov_matrix <- cov(data_num)
# a) Eigen Values dan Eigen Vectors
eigen_values_vectors <- eigen(cov_matrix)

cat("Eigen Values:\n")
## Eigen Values:
print(eigen_values_vectors$values)
##  [1]  1.522847e+05  8.604341e+03  4.326422e+01  5.823647e+00  3.422712e-13
##  [6]  2.623138e-16  2.161620e-16  4.267156e-17  4.321305e-33  0.000000e+00
## [11] -2.235751e-17 -5.068396e-16 -1.123648e-15 -1.216216e-15 -2.300090e-13
cat("\nEigen Vectors:\n")
## 
## Eigen Vectors:
print(eigen_values_vectors$vectors)
##                [,1]         [,2]          [,3]          [,4]          [,5]
##  [1,]  1.359610e-03  0.001319120  7.274702e-03  1.455566e-02  0.0000000000
##  [2,] -1.312477e-02 -0.137774563 -9.829297e-01 -2.264025e-02 -0.0731839253
##  [3,]  7.650770e-04 -0.010798966  4.818303e-02 -9.260962e-01 -0.3720935912
##  [4,] -1.355253e-20  0.000000000 -1.110223e-16  3.330669e-16  0.0007191097
##  [5,]  0.000000e+00  0.000000000  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.0002880034
##  [6,] -1.359610e-03 -0.001319120 -7.274702e-03 -1.455566e-02  0.0294359290
##  [7,]  3.051069e-04 -0.009564355  8.739913e-02  9.293379e-02 -0.2533959625
##  [8,]  0.000000e+00  0.000000000  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.0000000000
##  [9,]  4.522227e-04 -0.004056268 -2.691879e-02  1.283498e-01 -0.2664127092
## [10,] -2.333447e-06 -0.029934496  5.062775e-02  2.867877e-01 -0.7441606960
## [11,]  4.549263e-04 -0.001506625  4.718909e-02  9.504761e-02 -0.2262784721
## [12,]  4.525352e-04  0.001405043  1.195153e-02 -1.581447e-01  0.3368587965
## [13,] -4.555716e-02  0.988946221 -1.332714e-01 -2.838211e-03 -0.0410078738
## [14,] -9.988730e-01 -0.043303531  1.909161e-02 -1.853130e-04  0.0023601291
## [15,]  0.000000e+00  0.000000000  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.0000000000
##                [,6]          [,7]          [,8]          [,9] [,10]
##  [1,]  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00     0
##  [2,] -7.131846e-04 -5.579001e-04 -6.309562e-04  4.430008e-18     0
##  [3,]  3.111273e-03  1.770120e-03  7.441045e-04 -1.410697e-17     0
##  [4,]  4.206137e-01 -8.882191e-01  1.704558e-02  4.395445e-16     0
##  [5,]  3.897192e-02  1.861133e-01 -2.492221e-01  2.894621e-15     0
##  [6,]  8.048605e-01  3.902005e-01  3.059233e-01 -2.337652e-15     0
##  [7,]  5.408865e-03  1.270400e-02  4.864138e-01 -8.834866e-15     0
##  [8,]  8.153200e-17  3.538836e-16 -1.254032e-14 -1.000000e+00     0
##  [9,]  2.301632e-01  4.185930e-02 -2.988398e-02 -6.339192e-15     0
## [10,] -1.077354e-01 -6.488077e-02 -9.886059e-02  1.739907e-15     0
## [11,]  3.170182e-01  1.259495e-01 -6.831082e-01  1.062555e-14     0
## [12,]  9.295956e-02 -4.670419e-02 -3.606987e-01 -4.973859e-16     0
## [13,] -9.383848e-04 -9.673655e-04  1.353892e-03 -4.435752e-17     0
## [14,] -7.483749e-04 -4.191263e-04 -8.085448e-04  4.177263e-18     0
## [15,]  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00     1
##               [,11]         [,12]        [,13]         [,14]         [,15]
##  [1,]  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.000000000  9.998658e-01  0.0000000000
##  [2,] -2.586579e-04  3.228009e-04  0.001789562  7.680680e-03  0.0936115386
##  [3,]  5.181558e-04  1.808780e-03  0.023982656  1.314439e-02 -0.0262383784
##  [4,]  1.592502e-02 -1.802545e-01  0.033356413 -1.734723e-18 -0.0013841020
##  [5,] -3.739802e-01 -8.702142e-01  0.067801578  0.000000e+00  0.0006227185
##  [6,]  1.488610e-01 -5.391849e-02 -0.279891666  2.684131e-04 -0.0425796973
##  [7,] -2.959364e-01  1.161877e-02  0.261165427 -1.976579e-03  0.7257478722
##  [8,]  8.975459e-15 -3.348884e-15  0.000000000  0.000000e+00  0.0000000000
##  [9,] -6.504157e-01  3.315114e-01  0.315719098 -1.667878e-03 -0.4728289170
## [10,]  2.882809e-02 -4.789753e-02 -0.575807525 -4.503800e-03 -0.0151246427
## [11,]  2.799530e-01  1.463020e-01  0.380942806 -1.725630e-03  0.3311127701
## [12,] -4.978854e-01  2.712777e-01 -0.520256904  2.212784e-03  0.3581779578
## [13,] -3.378284e-03 -1.290681e-04 -0.012103334 -2.318079e-04  0.0172428294
## [14,] -5.277364e-04  4.197013e-04  0.001089695  1.279184e-03 -0.0016578535
## [15,]  0.000000e+00  0.000000e+00  0.000000000  0.000000e+00  0.0000000000
# b) Variance covariance matrix
cat("Variance-Covariance Matrix:\n")
## Variance-Covariance Matrix:
print(cov_matrix)
##                  Gender          Age        Debt Married BankCustomer Industry
## Gender           0.3000    -4.592500   -0.027500       0            0  -0.3000
## Age             -4.5925   231.361400    9.345663       0            0   4.5925
## Debt            -0.0275     9.345663    6.187675       0            0   0.0275
## Married          0.0000     0.000000    0.000000       0            0   0.0000
## BankCustomer     0.0000     0.000000    0.000000       0            0   0.0000
## Industry        -0.3000     4.592500    0.027500       0            0   0.3000
## YearsEmployed   -0.0100     6.999375    0.605225       0            0   0.0100
## PriorDefault     0.0000     0.000000    0.000000       0            0   0.0000
## Employed         0.0500     5.032500   -0.318750       0            0  -0.0500
## CreditScore     -0.3000    33.300000    1.340000       0            0   0.3000
## DriverLicense    0.1000    -1.142500   -0.221250       0            0  -0.1000
## Citizen          0.1000    -3.057500    0.800000       0            0  -0.1000
## ZipCode          1.7500 -1075.632500  -97.461250       0            0  -1.7500
## Income        -207.3000  2046.972500 -112.313750       0            0 207.3000
## Approved         0.0000     0.000000    0.000000       0            0   0.0000
##               YearsEmployed PriorDefault  Employed CreditScore DriverLicense
## Gender            -0.010000            0   0.05000       -0.30       0.10000
## Age                6.999375            0   5.03250       33.30      -1.14250
## Debt               0.605225            0  -0.31875        1.34      -0.22125
## Married            0.000000            0   0.00000        0.00       0.00000
## BankCustomer       0.000000            0   0.00000        0.00       0.00000
## Industry           0.010000            0  -0.05000        0.30      -0.10000
## YearsEmployed      1.182050            0   0.32250        2.81       0.37500
## PriorDefault       0.000000            0   0.00000        0.00       0.00000
## Employed           0.322500            0   0.30000        1.20       0.10000
## CreditScore        2.810000            0   1.20000        8.30       0.65000
## DriverLicense      0.375000            0   0.10000        0.65       0.20000
## Citizen           -0.135000            0  -0.15000       -0.60      -0.05000
## ZipCode          -84.007500            0 -37.50000     -255.00     -16.25000
## Income           -42.775000            0 -67.30000       11.55     -68.60000
## Approved           0.000000            0   0.00000        0.00       0.00000
##                Citizen     ZipCode      Income Approved
## Gender          0.1000     1.75000   -207.3000        0
## Age            -3.0575 -1075.63250   2046.9725        0
## Debt            0.8000   -97.46125   -112.3137        0
## Married         0.0000     0.00000      0.0000        0
## BankCustomer    0.0000     0.00000      0.0000        0
## Industry       -0.1000    -1.75000    207.3000        0
## YearsEmployed  -0.1350   -84.00750    -42.7750        0
## PriorDefault    0.0000     0.00000      0.0000        0
## Employed       -0.1500   -37.50000    -67.3000        0
## CreditScore    -0.6000  -255.00000     11.5500        0
## DriverLicense  -0.0500   -16.25000    -68.6000        0
## Citizen         0.2000     8.75000    -69.3500        0
## ZipCode         8.7500  8732.00000   6561.2500        0
## Income        -69.3500  6561.25000 151957.8000        0
## Approved        0.0000     0.00000      0.0000        0
# c) Correlation Matrix
cor_matrix <- cor(data_num)
## Warning in cor(data_num): the standard deviation is zero
cat("Correlation Matrix:\n")
## Correlation Matrix:
print(cor_matrix)
##                    Gender        Age        Debt Married BankCustomer
## Gender         1.00000000 -0.5512430 -0.02018405      NA           NA
## Age           -0.55124300  1.0000000  0.24700224      NA           NA
## Debt          -0.02018405  0.2470022  1.00000000      NA           NA
## Married                NA         NA          NA       1           NA
## BankCustomer           NA         NA          NA      NA            1
## Industry      -1.00000000  0.5512430  0.02018405      NA           NA
## YearsEmployed -0.01679274  0.4232489  0.22378717      NA           NA
## PriorDefault           NA         NA          NA      NA           NA
## Employed       0.16666667  0.6040567 -0.23395149      NA           NA
## CreditScore   -0.19011728  0.7599058  0.18698295      NA           NA
## DriverLicense  0.40824829 -0.1679561 -0.19888615      NA           NA
## Citizen        0.40824829 -0.4494755  0.71913635      NA           NA
## ZipCode        0.03419169 -0.7567660 -0.41928697      NA           NA
## Income        -0.97090598  0.3452272 -0.11582643      NA           NA
## Approved               NA         NA          NA      NA           NA
##                  Industry YearsEmployed PriorDefault   Employed CreditScore
## Gender        -1.00000000   -0.01679274           NA  0.1666667 -0.19011728
## Age            0.55124300    0.42324895           NA  0.6040567  0.75990576
## Debt           0.02018405    0.22378717           NA -0.2339515  0.18698295
## Married                NA            NA           NA         NA          NA
## BankCustomer           NA            NA           NA         NA          NA
## Industry       1.00000000    0.01679274           NA -0.1666667  0.19011728
## YearsEmployed  0.01679274    1.00000000           NA  0.5415657  0.89711754
## PriorDefault           NA            NA            1         NA          NA
## Employed      -0.16666667    0.54156572           NA  1.0000000  0.76046910
## CreditScore    0.19011728    0.89711754           NA  0.7604691  1.00000000
## DriverLicense -0.40824829    0.77125563           NA  0.4082483  0.50449784
## Citizen       -0.40824829   -0.27765203           NA -0.6123724 -0.46569032
## ZipCode       -0.03419169   -0.82688150           NA -0.7326791 -0.94720563
## Income         0.97090598   -0.10092775           NA -0.3152049  0.01028446
## Approved               NA            NA           NA         NA          NA
##               DriverLicense    Citizen     ZipCode      Income Approved
## Gender            0.4082483  0.4082483  0.03419169 -0.97090598       NA
## Age              -0.1679561 -0.4494755 -0.75676598  0.34522724       NA
## Debt             -0.1988861  0.7191364 -0.41928697 -0.11582643       NA
## Married                  NA         NA          NA          NA       NA
## BankCustomer             NA         NA          NA          NA       NA
## Industry         -0.4082483 -0.4082483 -0.03419169  0.97090598       NA
## YearsEmployed     0.7712556 -0.2776520 -0.82688150 -0.10092775       NA
## PriorDefault             NA         NA          NA          NA       NA
## Employed          0.4082483 -0.6123724 -0.73267906 -0.31520488       NA
## CreditScore       0.5044978 -0.4656903 -0.94720563  0.01028446       NA
## DriverLicense     1.0000000 -0.2500000 -0.38884946 -0.39350261       NA
## Citizen          -0.2500000  1.0000000  0.20938048 -0.39780475       NA
## ZipCode          -0.3888495  0.2093805  1.00000000  0.18012261       NA
## Income           -0.3935026 -0.3978048  0.18012261  1.00000000       NA
## Approved                 NA         NA          NA          NA        1