3.2.5

1.In a single pipeline for each condition, find all flights that meet the condition:

Dataframwork flights

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## # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     1      517            515         2      830            819
##  2  2013     1     1      533            529         4      850            830
##  3  2013     1     1      542            540         2      923            850
##  4  2013     1     1      544            545        -1     1004           1022
##  5  2013     1     1      554            600        -6      812            837
##  6  2013     1     1      554            558        -4      740            728
##  7  2013     1     1      555            600        -5      913            854
##  8  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      709            723
##  9  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      838            846
## 10  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      753            745
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>

Reports

(1) Had an arrival delay of two or more hours
## # A tibble: 10,200 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     1      811            630       101     1047            830
##  2  2013     1     1      848           1835       853     1001           1950
##  3  2013     1     1      957            733       144     1056            853
##  4  2013     1     1     1114            900       134     1447           1222
##  5  2013     1     1     1505           1310       115     1638           1431
##  6  2013     1     1     1525           1340       105     1831           1626
##  7  2013     1     1     1549           1445        64     1912           1656
##  8  2013     1     1     1558           1359       119     1718           1515
##  9  2013     1     1     1732           1630        62     2028           1825
## 10  2013     1     1     1803           1620       103     2008           1750
## # ℹ 10,190 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
(2) Flew to Houston (IAH or HOU)
## # A tibble: 9,313 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     1      517            515         2      830            819
##  2  2013     1     1      533            529         4      850            830
##  3  2013     1     1      623            627        -4      933            932
##  4  2013     1     1      728            732        -4     1041           1038
##  5  2013     1     1      739            739         0     1104           1038
##  6  2013     1     1      908            908         0     1228           1219
##  7  2013     1     1     1028           1026         2     1350           1339
##  8  2013     1     1     1044           1045        -1     1352           1351
##  9  2013     1     1     1114            900       134     1447           1222
## 10  2013     1     1     1205           1200         5     1503           1505
## # ℹ 9,303 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
(3) Were operated by United, American, or Delta
## # A tibble: 139,504 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     1      517            515         2      830            819
##  2  2013     1     1      533            529         4      850            830
##  3  2013     1     1      542            540         2      923            850
##  4  2013     1     1      554            600        -6      812            837
##  5  2013     1     1      554            558        -4      740            728
##  6  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      753            745
##  7  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      924            917
##  8  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      923            937
##  9  2013     1     1      559            600        -1      941            910
## 10  2013     1     1      559            600        -1      854            902
## # ℹ 139,494 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
(4) Departed in summer (July, August, and September)
## # A tibble: 86,326 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     7     1        1           2029       212      236           2359
##  2  2013     7     1        2           2359         3      344            344
##  3  2013     7     1       29           2245       104      151              1
##  4  2013     7     1       43           2130       193      322             14
##  5  2013     7     1       44           2150       174      300            100
##  6  2013     7     1       46           2051       235      304           2358
##  7  2013     7     1       48           2001       287      308           2305
##  8  2013     7     1       58           2155       183      335             43
##  9  2013     7     1      100           2146       194      327             30
## 10  2013     7     1      100           2245       135      337            135
## # ℹ 86,316 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
(5) Arrived more than two hours late but didn’t leave late
## # A tibble: 29 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1    27     1419           1420        -1     1754           1550
##  2  2013    10     7     1350           1350         0     1736           1526
##  3  2013    10     7     1357           1359        -2     1858           1654
##  4  2013    10    16      657            700        -3     1258           1056
##  5  2013    11     1      658            700        -2     1329           1015
##  6  2013     3    18     1844           1847        -3       39           2219
##  7  2013     4    17     1635           1640        -5     2049           1845
##  8  2013     4    18      558            600        -2     1149            850
##  9  2013     4    18      655            700        -5     1213            950
## 10  2013     5    22     1827           1830        -3     2217           2010
## # ℹ 19 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
(6) Were delayed by at least an hour, but made up over 30 minutes in flight
## # A tibble: 253,737 × 22
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     1      517            515         2      830            819
##  2  2013     1     1      533            529         4      850            830
##  3  2013     1     1      542            540         2      923            850
##  4  2013     1     1      544            545        -1     1004           1022
##  5  2013     1     1      554            600        -6      812            837
##  6  2013     1     1      555            600        -5      913            854
##  7  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      709            723
##  8  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      838            846
##  9  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      849            851
## 10  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      853            856
## # ℹ 253,727 more rows
## # ℹ 14 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>, actual_duration <int>,
## #   scheduled_duration <int>, time_made_up <dbl>

If we want to find flights that meet all these requirements…

## # A tibble: 0 × 22
## # ℹ 22 variables: year <int>, month <int>, day <int>, dep_time <int>,
## #   sched_dep_time <int>, dep_delay <dbl>, arr_time <int>,
## #   sched_arr_time <int>, arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>, actual_duration <int>,
## #   scheduled_duration <int>, time_made_up <dbl>

There’s no flight that satisfies all conditions.

2.Sort flights to find the flights with the longest departure delays. Find the flights that left earliest in the morning.

Flights with the longest departure delays:

## # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     9      641            900      1301     1242           1530
##  2  2013     6    15     1432           1935      1137     1607           2120
##  3  2013     1    10     1121           1635      1126     1239           1810
##  4  2013     9    20     1139           1845      1014     1457           2210
##  5  2013     7    22      845           1600      1005     1044           1815
##  6  2013     4    10     1100           1900       960     1342           2211
##  7  2013     3    17     2321            810       911      135           1020
##  8  2013     6    27      959           1900       899     1236           2226
##  9  2013     7    22     2257            759       898      121           1026
## 10  2013    12     5      756           1700       896     1058           2020
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>

Flights that left earliest in the morning:

## # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1    13        1           2249        72      108           2357
##  2  2013     1    31        1           2100       181      124           2225
##  3  2013    11    13        1           2359         2      442            440
##  4  2013    12    16        1           2359         2      447            437
##  5  2013    12    20        1           2359         2      430            440
##  6  2013    12    26        1           2359         2      437            440
##  7  2013    12    30        1           2359         2      441            437
##  8  2013     2    11        1           2100       181      111           2225
##  9  2013     2    24        1           2245        76      121           2354
## 10  2013     3     8        1           2355         6      431            440
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>

4.Was there a flight on every day of 2013?

All flights in 2013:

## # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     1      517            515         2      830            819
##  2  2013     1     1      533            529         4      850            830
##  3  2013     1     1      542            540         2      923            850
##  4  2013     1     1      544            545        -1     1004           1022
##  5  2013     1     1      554            600        -6      812            837
##  6  2013     1     1      554            558        -4      740            728
##  7  2013     1     1      555            600        -5      913            854
##  8  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      709            723
##  9  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      838            846
## 10  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      753            745
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>

All flights in 2013 and group by month

## # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
## # Groups:   month [12]
##     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
##    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
##  1  2013     1     1      517            515         2      830            819
##  2  2013     1     1      533            529         4      850            830
##  3  2013     1     1      542            540         2      923            850
##  4  2013     1     1      544            545        -1     1004           1022
##  5  2013     1     1      554            600        -6      812            837
##  6  2013     1     1      554            558        -4      740            728
##  7  2013     1     1      555            600        -5      913            854
##  8  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      709            723
##  9  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      838            846
## 10  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      753            745
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>

Summary:

## # A tibble: 12 × 2
##    month unique_day_num
##    <int>          <int>
##  1     1             31
##  2     2             28
##  3     3             31
##  4     4             30
##  5     5             31
##  6     6             30
##  7     7             31
##  8     8             31
##  9     9             30
## 10    10             31
## 11    11             30
## 12    12             31

From the summary table, there was a flight on each day of 2013.

3.3.5