1 Gráfico evolución del PIB a precios corrientes

Dado que se pide una relación entre el tiempo (2005 hasta 2023) y el PIB de cada año, lo más conveniente es crear una relación en un plano de 2 dimensiones donde el tiempo (Año) corresponde al eje horizontal y el PIB al eje vertical.

1.1 Metodología

Lo más conveniente es simplificar toda la información de archivo excel a un dataframe, de tal manera que a cada Año le corresponda un valor de PIB. Así

Error in install.packages : Updating loaded packages
Error in install.packages : Updating loaded packages

Adjuntando el paquete: ‘plotly’

The following object is masked from ‘package:ggplot2’:

    last_plot

The following object is masked from ‘package:stats’:

    filter

The following object is masked from ‘package:graphics’:

    layout

2 Gráfico evolución del PIB a precios constantes

3 Gráfico evolución del ahorro / formación bruta de capital en el tiempo.

Error in install.packages : Updating loaded packages
Error in install.packages : Updating loaded packages

4 Comentarios

De acuerdo a los datos, podemos decir quese tiene correlación entre la evolución del PIB a nivel corriente y constante. La correlación es análoga en el caso del ahorro bruto y la formación bruta de capital

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