a. Explore Shiny R Packages and How They Work:

The shiny package in R is a framework for building interactive web applications directly in R. It allows users to create dashboards and interactive visualizations without requiring expertise in web development.

Key Features of Shiny:

Interactivity: Reactively updates outputs based on user input. Customizable: Supports HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for customization. Integration with R: Seamlessly integrates with R functions, including statistical modeling and visualization.

How It Works:

UI (User Interface): Defines the layout and elements displayed to users. Server: Contains the logic to process inputs and produce outputs. Shiny App: Combines ui and server components and runs as an application using shinyApp(ui, server).

Important Shiny Packages:

shiny: Core package for building applications. shinydashboard: Specialized for creating dashboards with predefined layouts. shinyWidgets: Adds interactive widgets like sliders and input fields. plotly or ggplotly: For interactive graphs. DT: For displaying and interacting with tabular data.

To perform statistical analysis, you can use a combination of shiny and R’s statistical functions. The app can include features such as:

Uploading Data: Allow users to upload datasets. Descriptive Statistics: Summarize data using summary(), mean(), sd(), etc. Statistical Tests: Perform tests like t-tests, ANOVA, or regression analysis. Visualizations: Use ggplot2 or plotly to present results graphically. Code Example: Here’s an example of a Shiny app performing a basic t-test:

library(shiny)

ui <- fluidPage(
  titlePanel("Statistical Analysis in Shiny"),
  sidebarLayout(
    sidebarPanel(
      fileInput("file", "Upload CSV File", accept = ".csv"),
      selectInput("var1", "Select Variable 1:", choices = NULL),
      selectInput("var2", "Select Variable 2:", choices = NULL),
      actionButton("analyze", "Run T-Test")
    ),
    mainPanel(
      verbatimTextOutput("testResult"),
      plotOutput("boxPlot")
    )
  )
)

server <- function(input, output, session) {
  data <- reactive({
    req(input$file)
    read.csv(input$file$datapath)
  })
  
  observe({
    req(data())
    updateSelectInput(session, "var1", choices = names(data()))
    updateSelectInput(session, "var2", choices = names(data()))
  })
  
  result <- eventReactive(input$analyze, {
    req(input$var1, input$var2)
    t.test(data()[[input$var1]], data()[[input$var2]])
  })
  
  output$testResult <- renderPrint({
    req(result())
    result()
  })
  
  output$boxPlot <- renderPlot({
    req(input$var1, input$var2)
    boxplot(data()[[input$var1]], data()[[input$var2]], 
            names = c(input$var1, input$var2),
            main = "Boxplot of Selected Variables")
  })
}

shinyApp(ui, server)

Shiny applications not supported in static R Markdown documents

##Demonstrate the Statistical Analysis as a Dashboard To enhance the application into a dashboard format, use the shinydashboard package.

Dashboard Features:

Sidebar: For navigation and inputs. Header and Body: For displaying analysis results and visualizations. Code Example Using shinydashboard:

#install.packages("shinydashboard")
library(shiny)
library(shinydashboard)

## 
## Attaching package: 'shinydashboard'

## The following object is masked from 'package:graphics':
## 
##     box

ui <- dashboardPage(
  dashboardHeader(title = "Statistical Dashboard"),
  dashboardSidebar(
    fileInput("file", "Upload Data", accept = "(.csv"),
    selectInput("var1", "Select Variable 1", choices = NULL),
    selectInput("var2", "Select Variable 2", choices = NULL),
    actionButton("analyze", "Run Analysis")
  ),
  dashboardBody(
    fluidRow(
      box(title = "Statistical Test Results", status = "primary", solidHeader = TRUE, 
          verbatimTextOutput("testResult")),
      box(title = "Visualization", status = "primary", solidHeader = TRUE, 
          plotOutput("boxPlot"))
    )
  )
)

server <- function(input, output, session) {
  data <- reactive({
    req(input$file)
    read.csv(input$file$datapath)
  })
  
  observe({
    req(data())
    updateSelectInput(session, "var1", choices = names(data()))
    updateSelectInput(session, "var2", choices = names(data()))
  })
  
  result <- eventReactive(input$analyze, {
    req(input$var1, input$var2)
    t.test(data()[[input$var1]], data()[[input$var2]])
  })
  
  output$testResult <- renderPrint({
    req(result())
    result()
  })
  
  output$boxPlot <- renderPlot({
    req(input$var1, input$var2)
    boxplot(data()[[input$var1]], data()[[input$var2]], 
            names = c(input$var1, input$var2),
            main = "Boxplot of Selected Variables")
  })
}

shinyApp(ui, server)

Shiny applications not supported in static R Markdown documents