library(dplyr)
## Warning: package 'dplyr' was built under R version 4.4.2
## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
library(datasets)

Dataset yang digunakan

data("USArrests")
USArrests
##                Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Alabama          13.2     236       58 21.2
## Alaska           10.0     263       48 44.5
## Arizona           8.1     294       80 31.0
## Arkansas          8.8     190       50 19.5
## California        9.0     276       91 40.6
## Colorado          7.9     204       78 38.7
## Connecticut       3.3     110       77 11.1
## Delaware          5.9     238       72 15.8
## Florida          15.4     335       80 31.9
## Georgia          17.4     211       60 25.8
## Hawaii            5.3      46       83 20.2
## Idaho             2.6     120       54 14.2
## Illinois         10.4     249       83 24.0
## Indiana           7.2     113       65 21.0
## Iowa              2.2      56       57 11.3
## Kansas            6.0     115       66 18.0
## Kentucky          9.7     109       52 16.3
## Louisiana        15.4     249       66 22.2
## Maine             2.1      83       51  7.8
## Maryland         11.3     300       67 27.8
## Massachusetts     4.4     149       85 16.3
## Michigan         12.1     255       74 35.1
## Minnesota         2.7      72       66 14.9
## Mississippi      16.1     259       44 17.1
## Missouri          9.0     178       70 28.2
## Montana           6.0     109       53 16.4
## Nebraska          4.3     102       62 16.5
## Nevada           12.2     252       81 46.0
## New Hampshire     2.1      57       56  9.5
## New Jersey        7.4     159       89 18.8
## New Mexico       11.4     285       70 32.1
## New York         11.1     254       86 26.1
## North Carolina   13.0     337       45 16.1
## North Dakota      0.8      45       44  7.3
## Ohio              7.3     120       75 21.4
## Oklahoma          6.6     151       68 20.0
## Oregon            4.9     159       67 29.3
## Pennsylvania      6.3     106       72 14.9
## Rhode Island      3.4     174       87  8.3
## South Carolina   14.4     279       48 22.5
## South Dakota      3.8      86       45 12.8
## Tennessee        13.2     188       59 26.9
## Texas            12.7     201       80 25.5
## Utah              3.2     120       80 22.9
## Vermont           2.2      48       32 11.2
## Virginia          8.5     156       63 20.7
## Washington        4.0     145       73 26.2
## West Virginia     5.7      81       39  9.3
## Wisconsin         2.6      53       66 10.8
## Wyoming           6.8     161       60 15.6

A. Summarize

Menghitung rata-rata Murder

summary <- USArrests %>% summarize(mean(Murder))
summary
##   mean(Murder)
## 1        7.788

Menghitung rata-rata Assault

summary2 <- USArrests %>% summarize(mean(Assault))
summary2
##   mean(Assault)
## 1        170.76

Menghitung rata-rata UrbanPop

summary3 <- USArrests %>% summarize(mean(UrbanPop))
summary3
##   mean(UrbanPop)
## 1          65.54

Menghitung rata-rata Rape

summary4 <- USArrests %>% summarize(mean(Rape))
summary4
##   mean(Rape)
## 1     21.232

B. Arrange

Mengurutkan berdasarkan Murder secara descending

arranged_murder <- USArrests %>% arrange(desc(Murder))
arranged_murder
##                Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Georgia          17.4     211       60 25.8
## Mississippi      16.1     259       44 17.1
## Florida          15.4     335       80 31.9
## Louisiana        15.4     249       66 22.2
## South Carolina   14.4     279       48 22.5
## Alabama          13.2     236       58 21.2
## Tennessee        13.2     188       59 26.9
## North Carolina   13.0     337       45 16.1
## Texas            12.7     201       80 25.5
## Nevada           12.2     252       81 46.0
## Michigan         12.1     255       74 35.1
## New Mexico       11.4     285       70 32.1
## Maryland         11.3     300       67 27.8
## New York         11.1     254       86 26.1
## Illinois         10.4     249       83 24.0
## Alaska           10.0     263       48 44.5
## Kentucky          9.7     109       52 16.3
## California        9.0     276       91 40.6
## Missouri          9.0     178       70 28.2
## Arkansas          8.8     190       50 19.5
## Virginia          8.5     156       63 20.7
## Arizona           8.1     294       80 31.0
## Colorado          7.9     204       78 38.7
## New Jersey        7.4     159       89 18.8
## Ohio              7.3     120       75 21.4
## Indiana           7.2     113       65 21.0
## Wyoming           6.8     161       60 15.6
## Oklahoma          6.6     151       68 20.0
## Pennsylvania      6.3     106       72 14.9
## Kansas            6.0     115       66 18.0
## Montana           6.0     109       53 16.4
## Delaware          5.9     238       72 15.8
## West Virginia     5.7      81       39  9.3
## Hawaii            5.3      46       83 20.2
## Oregon            4.9     159       67 29.3
## Massachusetts     4.4     149       85 16.3
## Nebraska          4.3     102       62 16.5
## Washington        4.0     145       73 26.2
## South Dakota      3.8      86       45 12.8
## Rhode Island      3.4     174       87  8.3
## Connecticut       3.3     110       77 11.1
## Utah              3.2     120       80 22.9
## Minnesota         2.7      72       66 14.9
## Idaho             2.6     120       54 14.2
## Wisconsin         2.6      53       66 10.8
## Iowa              2.2      56       57 11.3
## Vermont           2.2      48       32 11.2
## Maine             2.1      83       51  7.8
## New Hampshire     2.1      57       56  9.5
## North Dakota      0.8      45       44  7.3

Mengurutkan berdasarkan Rape secara descending

arranged_rape <- USArrests %>% arrange(desc(Rape))
arranged_rape
##                Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Nevada           12.2     252       81 46.0
## Alaska           10.0     263       48 44.5
## California        9.0     276       91 40.6
## Colorado          7.9     204       78 38.7
## Michigan         12.1     255       74 35.1
## New Mexico       11.4     285       70 32.1
## Florida          15.4     335       80 31.9
## Arizona           8.1     294       80 31.0
## Oregon            4.9     159       67 29.3
## Missouri          9.0     178       70 28.2
## Maryland         11.3     300       67 27.8
## Tennessee        13.2     188       59 26.9
## Washington        4.0     145       73 26.2
## New York         11.1     254       86 26.1
## Georgia          17.4     211       60 25.8
## Texas            12.7     201       80 25.5
## Illinois         10.4     249       83 24.0
## Utah              3.2     120       80 22.9
## South Carolina   14.4     279       48 22.5
## Louisiana        15.4     249       66 22.2
## Ohio              7.3     120       75 21.4
## Alabama          13.2     236       58 21.2
## Indiana           7.2     113       65 21.0
## Virginia          8.5     156       63 20.7
## Hawaii            5.3      46       83 20.2
## Oklahoma          6.6     151       68 20.0
## Arkansas          8.8     190       50 19.5
## New Jersey        7.4     159       89 18.8
## Kansas            6.0     115       66 18.0
## Mississippi      16.1     259       44 17.1
## Nebraska          4.3     102       62 16.5
## Montana           6.0     109       53 16.4
## Kentucky          9.7     109       52 16.3
## Massachusetts     4.4     149       85 16.3
## North Carolina   13.0     337       45 16.1
## Delaware          5.9     238       72 15.8
## Wyoming           6.8     161       60 15.6
## Minnesota         2.7      72       66 14.9
## Pennsylvania      6.3     106       72 14.9
## Idaho             2.6     120       54 14.2
## South Dakota      3.8      86       45 12.8
## Iowa              2.2      56       57 11.3
## Vermont           2.2      48       32 11.2
## Connecticut       3.3     110       77 11.1
## Wisconsin         2.6      53       66 10.8
## New Hampshire     2.1      57       56  9.5
## West Virginia     5.7      81       39  9.3
## Rhode Island      3.4     174       87  8.3
## Maine             2.1      83       51  7.8
## North Dakota      0.8      45       44  7.3

C. Filter

Menyaring berdasarkan kolom Murder dengan nilai Murdernya diatas rata-rata nilai Murder

filtered_murder <- USArrests %>% filter(Murder > mean(Murder))
filtered_murder
##                Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Alabama          13.2     236       58 21.2
## Alaska           10.0     263       48 44.5
## Arizona           8.1     294       80 31.0
## Arkansas          8.8     190       50 19.5
## California        9.0     276       91 40.6
## Colorado          7.9     204       78 38.7
## Florida          15.4     335       80 31.9
## Georgia          17.4     211       60 25.8
## Illinois         10.4     249       83 24.0
## Kentucky          9.7     109       52 16.3
## Louisiana        15.4     249       66 22.2
## Maryland         11.3     300       67 27.8
## Michigan         12.1     255       74 35.1
## Mississippi      16.1     259       44 17.1
## Missouri          9.0     178       70 28.2
## Nevada           12.2     252       81 46.0
## New Mexico       11.4     285       70 32.1
## New York         11.1     254       86 26.1
## North Carolina   13.0     337       45 16.1
## South Carolina   14.4     279       48 22.5
## Tennessee        13.2     188       59 26.9
## Texas            12.7     201       80 25.5
## Virginia          8.5     156       63 20.7

Menyaring berdasarkan kolom Assault dengan nilai Assaultnya diatas rata-rata nilai Assault

filtered_assault <- USArrests %>% filter(Assault > mean(Assault))
filtered_assault
##                Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Alabama          13.2     236       58 21.2
## Alaska           10.0     263       48 44.5
## Arizona           8.1     294       80 31.0
## Arkansas          8.8     190       50 19.5
## California        9.0     276       91 40.6
## Colorado          7.9     204       78 38.7
## Delaware          5.9     238       72 15.8
## Florida          15.4     335       80 31.9
## Georgia          17.4     211       60 25.8
## Illinois         10.4     249       83 24.0
## Louisiana        15.4     249       66 22.2
## Maryland         11.3     300       67 27.8
## Michigan         12.1     255       74 35.1
## Mississippi      16.1     259       44 17.1
## Missouri          9.0     178       70 28.2
## Nevada           12.2     252       81 46.0
## New Mexico       11.4     285       70 32.1
## New York         11.1     254       86 26.1
## North Carolina   13.0     337       45 16.1
## Rhode Island      3.4     174       87  8.3
## South Carolina   14.4     279       48 22.5
## Tennessee        13.2     188       59 26.9
## Texas            12.7     201       80 25.5

D. Mutate

Menambahkan kolom baru berupa rasio antara Murder dengan Assault

mpa <- USArrests %>% mutate(murder_per_assault = Murder/Assault)
mpa
##                Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape murder_per_assault
## Alabama          13.2     236       58 21.2         0.05593220
## Alaska           10.0     263       48 44.5         0.03802281
## Arizona           8.1     294       80 31.0         0.02755102
## Arkansas          8.8     190       50 19.5         0.04631579
## California        9.0     276       91 40.6         0.03260870
## Colorado          7.9     204       78 38.7         0.03872549
## Connecticut       3.3     110       77 11.1         0.03000000
## Delaware          5.9     238       72 15.8         0.02478992
## Florida          15.4     335       80 31.9         0.04597015
## Georgia          17.4     211       60 25.8         0.08246445
## Hawaii            5.3      46       83 20.2         0.11521739
## Idaho             2.6     120       54 14.2         0.02166667
## Illinois         10.4     249       83 24.0         0.04176707
## Indiana           7.2     113       65 21.0         0.06371681
## Iowa              2.2      56       57 11.3         0.03928571
## Kansas            6.0     115       66 18.0         0.05217391
## Kentucky          9.7     109       52 16.3         0.08899083
## Louisiana        15.4     249       66 22.2         0.06184739
## Maine             2.1      83       51  7.8         0.02530120
## Maryland         11.3     300       67 27.8         0.03766667
## Massachusetts     4.4     149       85 16.3         0.02953020
## Michigan         12.1     255       74 35.1         0.04745098
## Minnesota         2.7      72       66 14.9         0.03750000
## Mississippi      16.1     259       44 17.1         0.06216216
## Missouri          9.0     178       70 28.2         0.05056180
## Montana           6.0     109       53 16.4         0.05504587
## Nebraska          4.3     102       62 16.5         0.04215686
## Nevada           12.2     252       81 46.0         0.04841270
## New Hampshire     2.1      57       56  9.5         0.03684211
## New Jersey        7.4     159       89 18.8         0.04654088
## New Mexico       11.4     285       70 32.1         0.04000000
## New York         11.1     254       86 26.1         0.04370079
## North Carolina   13.0     337       45 16.1         0.03857567
## North Dakota      0.8      45       44  7.3         0.01777778
## Ohio              7.3     120       75 21.4         0.06083333
## Oklahoma          6.6     151       68 20.0         0.04370861
## Oregon            4.9     159       67 29.3         0.03081761
## Pennsylvania      6.3     106       72 14.9         0.05943396
## Rhode Island      3.4     174       87  8.3         0.01954023
## South Carolina   14.4     279       48 22.5         0.05161290
## South Dakota      3.8      86       45 12.8         0.04418605
## Tennessee        13.2     188       59 26.9         0.07021277
## Texas            12.7     201       80 25.5         0.06318408
## Utah              3.2     120       80 22.9         0.02666667
## Vermont           2.2      48       32 11.2         0.04583333
## Virginia          8.5     156       63 20.7         0.05448718
## Washington        4.0     145       73 26.2         0.02758621
## West Virginia     5.7      81       39  9.3         0.07037037
## Wisconsin         2.6      53       66 10.8         0.04905660
## Wyoming           6.8     161       60 15.6         0.04223602

E. Select

Memilih hanya kolom Murder dan Rape

selected <- USArrests %>% select(Murder, Rape)
selected
##                Murder Rape
## Alabama          13.2 21.2
## Alaska           10.0 44.5
## Arizona           8.1 31.0
## Arkansas          8.8 19.5
## California        9.0 40.6
## Colorado          7.9 38.7
## Connecticut       3.3 11.1
## Delaware          5.9 15.8
## Florida          15.4 31.9
## Georgia          17.4 25.8
## Hawaii            5.3 20.2
## Idaho             2.6 14.2
## Illinois         10.4 24.0
## Indiana           7.2 21.0
## Iowa              2.2 11.3
## Kansas            6.0 18.0
## Kentucky          9.7 16.3
## Louisiana        15.4 22.2
## Maine             2.1  7.8
## Maryland         11.3 27.8
## Massachusetts     4.4 16.3
## Michigan         12.1 35.1
## Minnesota         2.7 14.9
## Mississippi      16.1 17.1
## Missouri          9.0 28.2
## Montana           6.0 16.4
## Nebraska          4.3 16.5
## Nevada           12.2 46.0
## New Hampshire     2.1  9.5
## New Jersey        7.4 18.8
## New Mexico       11.4 32.1
## New York         11.1 26.1
## North Carolina   13.0 16.1
## North Dakota      0.8  7.3
## Ohio              7.3 21.4
## Oklahoma          6.6 20.0
## Oregon            4.9 29.3
## Pennsylvania      6.3 14.9
## Rhode Island      3.4  8.3
## South Carolina   14.4 22.5
## South Dakota      3.8 12.8
## Tennessee        13.2 26.9
## Texas            12.7 25.5
## Utah              3.2 22.9
## Vermont           2.2 11.2
## Virginia          8.5 20.7
## Washington        4.0 26.2
## West Virginia     5.7  9.3
## Wisconsin         2.6 10.8
## Wyoming           6.8 15.6
selected <- USArrests %>% select(-Assault, -UrbanPop)
selected
##                Murder Rape
## Alabama          13.2 21.2
## Alaska           10.0 44.5
## Arizona           8.1 31.0
## Arkansas          8.8 19.5
## California        9.0 40.6
## Colorado          7.9 38.7
## Connecticut       3.3 11.1
## Delaware          5.9 15.8
## Florida          15.4 31.9
## Georgia          17.4 25.8
## Hawaii            5.3 20.2
## Idaho             2.6 14.2
## Illinois         10.4 24.0
## Indiana           7.2 21.0
## Iowa              2.2 11.3
## Kansas            6.0 18.0
## Kentucky          9.7 16.3
## Louisiana        15.4 22.2
## Maine             2.1  7.8
## Maryland         11.3 27.8
## Massachusetts     4.4 16.3
## Michigan         12.1 35.1
## Minnesota         2.7 14.9
## Mississippi      16.1 17.1
## Missouri          9.0 28.2
## Montana           6.0 16.4
## Nebraska          4.3 16.5
## Nevada           12.2 46.0
## New Hampshire     2.1  9.5
## New Jersey        7.4 18.8
## New Mexico       11.4 32.1
## New York         11.1 26.1
## North Carolina   13.0 16.1
## North Dakota      0.8  7.3
## Ohio              7.3 21.4
## Oklahoma          6.6 20.0
## Oregon            4.9 29.3
## Pennsylvania      6.3 14.9
## Rhode Island      3.4  8.3
## South Carolina   14.4 22.5
## South Dakota      3.8 12.8
## Tennessee        13.2 26.9
## Texas            12.7 25.5
## Utah              3.2 22.9
## Vermont           2.2 11.2
## Virginia          8.5 20.7
## Washington        4.0 26.2
## West Virginia     5.7  9.3
## Wisconsin         2.6 10.8
## Wyoming           6.8 15.6

F. Dua Fungsi

Memilih kolom Murder, Assault, dan murder_per_assault kemudian mengurutkannya berdasarkan kolom murder secara descending.

dua <- mpa %>% select(Murder, Assault, murder_per_assault) %>% arrange(desc(Murder))
dua
##                Murder Assault murder_per_assault
## Georgia          17.4     211         0.08246445
## Mississippi      16.1     259         0.06216216
## Florida          15.4     335         0.04597015
## Louisiana        15.4     249         0.06184739
## South Carolina   14.4     279         0.05161290
## Alabama          13.2     236         0.05593220
## Tennessee        13.2     188         0.07021277
## North Carolina   13.0     337         0.03857567
## Texas            12.7     201         0.06318408
## Nevada           12.2     252         0.04841270
## Michigan         12.1     255         0.04745098
## New Mexico       11.4     285         0.04000000
## Maryland         11.3     300         0.03766667
## New York         11.1     254         0.04370079
## Illinois         10.4     249         0.04176707
## Alaska           10.0     263         0.03802281
## Kentucky          9.7     109         0.08899083
## California        9.0     276         0.03260870
## Missouri          9.0     178         0.05056180
## Arkansas          8.8     190         0.04631579
## Virginia          8.5     156         0.05448718
## Arizona           8.1     294         0.02755102
## Colorado          7.9     204         0.03872549
## New Jersey        7.4     159         0.04654088
## Ohio              7.3     120         0.06083333
## Indiana           7.2     113         0.06371681
## Wyoming           6.8     161         0.04223602
## Oklahoma          6.6     151         0.04370861
## Pennsylvania      6.3     106         0.05943396
## Kansas            6.0     115         0.05217391
## Montana           6.0     109         0.05504587
## Delaware          5.9     238         0.02478992
## West Virginia     5.7      81         0.07037037
## Hawaii            5.3      46         0.11521739
## Oregon            4.9     159         0.03081761
## Massachusetts     4.4     149         0.02953020
## Nebraska          4.3     102         0.04215686
## Washington        4.0     145         0.02758621
## South Dakota      3.8      86         0.04418605
## Rhode Island      3.4     174         0.01954023
## Connecticut       3.3     110         0.03000000
## Utah              3.2     120         0.02666667
## Minnesota         2.7      72         0.03750000
## Idaho             2.6     120         0.02166667
## Wisconsin         2.6      53         0.04905660
## Iowa              2.2      56         0.03928571
## Vermont           2.2      48         0.04583333
## Maine             2.1      83         0.02530120
## New Hampshire     2.1      57         0.03684211
## North Dakota      0.8      45         0.01777778