Taller
2024-11-30
library(MASS)
library(UsingR)## Loading required package: HistData## Loading required package: Hmisc##
## Attaching package: 'Hmisc'## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## format.pval, unitslibrary(pwr)2.1
hist(brightness,freq=F)
lines(density(brightness))
boxplot(brightness)
#los datos atipicos describen.....
atipicos=boxplot.stats(brightness)$out
atipicos_organizados=sort(atipicos)
segundo_menos=atipicos_organizados[2]
segundo_menos## [1] 2.28brightness.without=brightness[!brightness%in% atipicos]
boxplot(brightness.without)
2.2
rel_01=table(UScereal$mfr,UScereal$shelf)
rel_01##
## 1 2 3
## G 6 7 9
## K 4 7 10
## N 2 0 1
## P 2 1 6
## Q 0 3 2
## R 4 0 1rel_02=table(UScereal$fat,UScereal$vitamins)
rel_02##
## 100% enriched none
## 0 1 18 3
## 0.6666667 0 1 0
## 1 3 7 0
## 1.1363636 0 1 0
## 1.3333333 1 8 0
## 1.4925373 0 4 0
## 1.6 0 1 0
## 2 0 2 0
## 2.6666667 0 3 0
## 2.9850746 0 4 0
## 3.030303 0 2 0
## 4 0 4 0
## 6 0 1 0
## 9.0909091 0 1 0rel_03=table(UScereal$carbo,UScereal$sugars)
rel_03##
## 0 0.8 1.769912 2 3 4 4.477612 5.681818 6 6.666667 7.462687 8.270677
## 10.52632 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 12.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 13 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 13.6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 14 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 14.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 15.15152 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 15.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 16 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 16.41791 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.04545 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 17.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.91045 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 18.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 19.40299 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 20 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 20.35398 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 20.89552 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 21 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 21.21212 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 21.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 22 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 22.38806 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 25.37313 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 26.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 28 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 28.35821 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 29.85075 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 31.34328 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 39.39394 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
##
## 8.75 8.955224 10.447761 10.666667 11 12 12.121212 13 13.333333
## 10.52632 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 12 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 0
## 12.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 13 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
## 13.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 14.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 15.15152 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 15.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 16.41791 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.04545 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.33333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 17.5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.91045 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 18.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 19.40299 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 20 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 20.35398 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 20.89552 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 21.21212 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 21.33333 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 22.38806 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 24 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 25.37313 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 26.66667 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 28 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 28.35821 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 29.85075 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 30 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 31.34328 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 39.39394 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 68 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
##
## 13.432836 14 14.666667 14.925373 15.151515 16 17.045455 17.910448
## 10.52632 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 11 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 12.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 13.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 14.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 15 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 15.15152 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 15.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 16 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 16.41791 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.04545 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.33333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 17.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 17.91045 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 18.66667 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
## 19.40299 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 20 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 20.35398 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 20.89552 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 21 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 21.21212 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 21.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 22.38806 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 25.37313 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 26 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 26.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 28.35821 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 29.85075 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 31.34328 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 39.39394 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
##
## 18.181818 19.402985 20 20.895522
## 10.52632 0 0 0 0
## 11 0 0 0 0
## 12 0 0 1 0
## 12.5 0 0 0 0
## 13 0 0 0 0
## 13.6 0 0 0 0
## 14 0 0 0 0
## 14.66667 0 0 0 0
## 15 0 0 0 0
## 15.15152 1 0 0 0
## 15.33333 0 0 0 0
## 16 0 0 0 0
## 16.41791 0 0 0 1
## 17 0 0 0 0
## 17.04545 0 0 0 0
## 17.33333 0 0 0 0
## 17.5 0 0 0 0
## 17.91045 0 0 0 0
## 18.66667 0 0 0 0
## 19.40299 0 0 0 0
## 20 0 0 0 0
## 20.35398 0 0 0 0
## 20.89552 0 0 0 0
## 21 0 0 0 0
## 21.21212 0 0 0 0
## 21.33333 0 0 0 0
## 22 0 0 0 0
## 22.38806 0 0 0 0
## 24 0 0 0 0
## 25.37313 0 1 0 0
## 26 0 0 0 0
## 26.66667 0 0 0 0
## 27 0 0 1 0
## 28 0 0 0 0
## 28.35821 0 0 0 0
## 29.85075 0 0 0 0
## 30 0 0 0 0
## 31.34328 0 0 0 0
## 39.39394 0 0 0 0
## 68 0 0 0 0rel_04=table(UScereal$fibre,UScereal$mfr)
rel_04##
## G K N P Q R
## 0 9 2 0 3 2 2
## 1 0 7 0 0 1 0
## 1.333333 1 2 0 0 0 1
## 1.6 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 2 3 0 0 0 0 0
## 2.666667 2 1 0 0 0 0
## 2.985075 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 3 3 0 0 0 0 0
## 3.409091 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 3.75 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 4 2 1 0 0 1 0
## 4.477612 0 2 1 0 0 1
## 5 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 5.970149 0 0 1 0 0 1
## 6.666667 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 7.462687 0 1 0 2 0 0
## 8 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 8.955224 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 9.090909 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 12 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 27.272727 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 28 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 30.30303 0 0 1 0 0 0attach(UScereal)## The following object is masked from package:UsingR:
##
## fatrel_05=table(sodium,sugars)
rel_05## sugars
## sodium 0 0.8 1.769912 2 3 4 4.477612 5.681818 6 6.666667 7.462687 8.270677
## 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 51.13636 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 93.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 125 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 135.33835 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 140 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 159.09091 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 173.33333 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 186.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 200 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 212.38938 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 220 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 223.8806 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 226.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 227.27273 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 230 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 232 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 238.80597 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 240 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 253.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 266.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 270 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 280 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 283.58209 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 290 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 293.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 298.50746 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 313.43284 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 320 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 328.35821 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 333.33333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 343.28358 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 358.20896 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 373.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 393.93939 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 680 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 787.87879 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## sugars
## sodium 8.75 8.955224 10.447761 10.666667 11 12 12.121212 13 13.333333
## 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 51.13636 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 90 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 93.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 125 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 135.33835 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 140 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 159.09091 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 173.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 180 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0
## 186.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 212.38938 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 220 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 223.8806 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 226.66667 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 227.27273 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 230 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 232 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 238.80597 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 240 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 253.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 266.66667 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 270 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 280 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
## 283.58209 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 290 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 293.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 298.50746 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 313.43284 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 320 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 328.35821 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 333.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 343.28358 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 358.20896 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 373.33333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 393.93939 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 680 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 787.87879 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## sugars
## sodium 13.432836 14 14.666667 14.925373 15.151515 16 17.045455 17.910448
## 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 51.13636 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 93.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 125 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 135.33835 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 140 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 159.09091 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 173.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 180 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 186.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 190 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 212.38938 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 220 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 223.8806 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 226.66667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 227.27273 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 230 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 232 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 238.80597 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
## 240 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 253.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 266.66667 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
## 270 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 280 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0
## 283.58209 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 290 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 293.33333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 298.50746 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 313.43284 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 320 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 328.35821 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 333.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 343.28358 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 358.20896 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
## 373.33333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 393.93939 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 680 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 787.87879 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
## sugars
## sodium 18.181818 19.402985 20 20.895522
## 0 0 0 0 0
## 51.13636 0 0 0 0
## 90 0 0 0 0
## 93.33333 0 0 1 0
## 125 0 0 0 0
## 135.33835 0 0 0 0
## 140 0 0 0 0
## 159.09091 0 0 0 0
## 173.33333 0 0 0 0
## 180 0 0 0 0
## 186.66667 0 0 0 0
## 190 0 0 0 0
## 200 0 0 0 0
## 212.38938 0 0 0 0
## 220 0 0 0 0
## 223.8806 0 1 0 0
## 226.66667 0 0 0 0
## 227.27273 0 0 0 0
## 230 0 0 0 0
## 232 0 0 0 0
## 238.80597 0 0 0 0
## 240 0 0 0 0
## 253.33333 0 0 0 0
## 266.66667 0 0 0 0
## 270 0 0 0 0
## 280 0 0 0 0
## 283.58209 0 0 0 0
## 290 0 0 0 0
## 293.33333 0 0 0 0
## 298.50746 0 0 0 1
## 313.43284 0 0 0 0
## 320 0 0 0 0
## 328.35821 0 0 0 0
## 333.33333 0 0 0 0
## 340 0 0 1 0
## 343.28358 0 0 0 0
## 358.20896 0 0 0 0
## 373.33333 0 0 0 0
## 393.93939 1 0 0 0
## 680 0 0 0 0
## 787.87879 0 0 0 0detach(UScereal)2.3
correlacion=cor(mammals$body,mammals$brain)
correlacion## [1] 0.9341638plot(mammals$body,mammals$brain)
Log_brain=log(mammals$brain)
Log_body=log(mammals$body)
plot(Log_body,Log_brain)
2.4
table() lm quitar outliers ver punto 2.1
2.5 crear un vectro con la diferencia diferencia[diferencia>0] table
2.6 y 2.7
vector1=rnorm(50)
vector2=rnorm(60)
vector3=rbinom(50,10,0.5)
shapiro.test(vector1)##
## Shapiro-Wilk normality test
##
## data: vector1
## W = 0.9716, p-value = 0.2685shapiro.test(vector2)##
## Shapiro-Wilk normality test
##
## data: vector2
## W = 0.97509, p-value = 0.2568shapiro.test(vector3)##
## Shapiro-Wilk normality test
##
## data: vector3
## W = 0.95052, p-value = 0.03585t.test(vector1,vector2)##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: vector1 and vector2
## t = -0.19213, df = 96.186, p-value = 0.848
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.3804884 0.3133297
## sample estimates:
## mean of x mean of y
## -0.008884763 0.024694601wilcox.test(vector2,vector3)##
## Wilcoxon rank sum test with continuity correction
##
## data: vector2 and vector3
## W = 0, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 02.8
rnorm(100) hist rnorm(100) hist
2.9
pwr.t.test(n=65,power=0.8,sig.level=0.05,type="two.sample")##
## Two-sample t test power calculation
##
## n = 65
## d = 0.4951763
## sig.level = 0.05
## power = 0.8
## alternative = two.sided
##
## NOTE: n is number in *each* group