model and predict permeability in multiple scenarios by using MLR
Rooa Uthman Falih
29/11/2024
Upload Data .
data<-read.csv("E:/karpur.csv",header=T)
summary(data)## depth caliper ind.deep ind.med
## Min. :5667 Min. :8.487 Min. : 6.532 Min. : 9.386
## 1st Qu.:5769 1st Qu.:8.556 1st Qu.: 28.799 1st Qu.: 27.892
## Median :5872 Median :8.588 Median :217.849 Median :254.383
## Mean :5873 Mean :8.622 Mean :275.357 Mean :273.357
## 3rd Qu.:5977 3rd Qu.:8.686 3rd Qu.:566.793 3rd Qu.:544.232
## Max. :6083 Max. :8.886 Max. :769.484 Max. :746.028
## gamma phi.N R.deep R.med
## Min. : 16.74 Min. :0.0150 Min. : 1.300 Min. : 1.340
## 1st Qu.: 40.89 1st Qu.:0.2030 1st Qu.: 1.764 1st Qu.: 1.837
## Median : 51.37 Median :0.2450 Median : 4.590 Median : 3.931
## Mean : 53.42 Mean :0.2213 Mean : 24.501 Mean : 21.196
## 3rd Qu.: 62.37 3rd Qu.:0.2640 3rd Qu.: 34.724 3rd Qu.: 35.853
## Max. :112.40 Max. :0.4100 Max. :153.085 Max. :106.542
## SP density.corr density phi.core
## Min. :-73.95 Min. :-0.067000 Min. :1.758 Min. :0.1570
## 1st Qu.:-42.01 1st Qu.:-0.016000 1st Qu.:2.023 1st Qu.:0.2390
## Median :-32.25 Median :-0.007000 Median :2.099 Median :0.2760
## Mean :-30.98 Mean :-0.008883 Mean :2.102 Mean :0.2693
## 3rd Qu.:-19.48 3rd Qu.: 0.002000 3rd Qu.:2.181 3rd Qu.:0.3070
## Max. : 25.13 Max. : 0.089000 Max. :2.387 Max. :0.3630
## k.core Facies
## Min. : 0.42 Length:819
## 1st Qu.: 657.33 Class :character
## Median : 1591.22 Mode :character
## Mean : 2251.91
## 3rd Qu.: 3046.82
## Max. :15600.00- MLR of Permeability given all well logs without Facies.
model_1<- lm(k.core~ .-Facies,data=data)
summary(model_1)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = k.core ~ . - Facies, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -5549.5 -755.5 -178.1 578.0 11260.8
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 60762.728 16605.360 3.659 0.000269 ***
## depth -7.398 1.446 -5.115 3.92e-07 ***
## caliper -3955.952 1055.105 -3.749 0.000190 ***
## ind.deep -14.183 2.345 -6.048 2.24e-09 ***
## ind.med 17.300 2.509 6.896 1.08e-11 ***
## gamma -77.487 5.475 -14.153 < 2e-16 ***
## phi.N -1784.704 1301.772 -1.371 0.170763
## R.deep -26.007 6.974 -3.729 0.000206 ***
## R.med 63.525 9.841 6.455 1.86e-10 ***
## SP -8.784 3.460 -2.539 0.011313 *
## density.corr -523.060 5358.876 -0.098 0.922269
## density 8011.106 1120.554 7.149 1.96e-12 ***
## phi.core 18320.336 2380.161 7.697 4.07e-14 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1442 on 806 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.5903, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5842
## F-statistic: 96.77 on 12 and 806 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16k.predicted_1 <-predict(model_1,data=data)
plot(k.predicted_1,data$k.core)
library(caret)## Warning: package 'caret' was built under R version 4.4.2## Loading required package: ggplot2## Loading required package: latticermse_1<- RMSE(k.predicted_1,data$k.core )
rmse_1## [1] 1430.1182.Apply Stepwise Elimination on the previous model.
model_2<-step(model_1 , direction = "backward")## Start: AIC=11926.91
## k.core ~ (depth + caliper + ind.deep + ind.med + gamma + phi.N +
## R.deep + R.med + SP + density.corr + density + phi.core +
## Facies) - Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - density.corr 1 19799 1675068713 11925
## - phi.N 1 3906205 1678955118 11927
## <none> 1675048914 11927
## - SP 1 13394190 1688443104 11931
## - R.deep 1 28897686 1703946599 11939
## - caliper 1 29214826 1704263740 11939
## - depth 1 54372650 1729421563 11951
## - ind.deep 1 76022788 1751071701 11961
## - R.med 1 86603706 1761652619 11966
## - ind.med 1 98823752 1773872666 11972
## - density 1 106221406 1781270319 11975
## - phi.core 1 123125117 1798174031 11983
## - gamma 1 416312526 2091361440 12107
##
## Step: AIC=11924.92
## k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.deep + ind.med + gamma + phi.N +
## R.deep + R.med + SP + density + phi.core
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## <none> 1675068713 11925
## - phi.N 1 4564880 1679633593 11925
## - SP 1 13491079 1688559792 11930
## - R.deep 1 28896144 1703964857 11937
## - caliper 1 29253869 1704322581 11937
## - depth 1 54825159 1729893872 11949
## - ind.deep 1 77573926 1752642639 11960
## - R.med 1 86772220 1761840933 11964
## - ind.med 1 100740701 1775809413 11971
## - density 1 114209586 1789278299 11977
## - phi.core 1 124694278 1799762991 11982
## - gamma 1 417015194 2092083907 12105summary(model_2)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.deep + ind.med +
## gamma + phi.N + R.deep + R.med + SP + density + phi.core,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -5545.3 -753.4 -177.1 576.8 11260.2
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 60910.619 16525.937 3.686 0.000243 ***
## depth -7.409 1.442 -5.139 3.46e-07 ***
## caliper -3957.892 1054.270 -3.754 0.000186 ***
## ind.deep -14.146 2.314 -6.113 1.52e-09 ***
## ind.med 17.263 2.478 6.967 6.74e-12 ***
## gamma -77.461 5.465 -14.174 < 2e-16 ***
## phi.N -1825.771 1231.150 -1.483 0.138470
## R.deep -25.972 6.961 -3.731 0.000204 ***
## R.med 63.466 9.816 6.466 1.75e-10 ***
## SP -8.803 3.453 -2.549 0.010974 *
## density 7980.761 1075.902 7.418 3.02e-13 ***
## phi.core 18343.648 2366.693 7.751 2.75e-14 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1441 on 807 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.5903, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5847
## F-statistic: 105.7 on 11 and 807 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16k.predicted_2 <-predict(model_2,data=data)
plot(k.predicted_2,data$k.core)
rmse_2<- RMSE(k.predicted_2,data$k.core )
rmse_2## [1] 1430.126- MLR of Permeability given all well logs with Facies.
model_3<- lm(k.core~ .,data=data)
summary(model_3)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = k.core ~ ., data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -5585.6 -568.9 49.2 476.5 8928.4
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -6.783e+04 1.760e+04 -3.853 0.000126 ***
## depth 8.544e+00 1.785e+00 4.786 2.02e-06 ***
## caliper 1.413e+03 1.019e+03 1.387 0.165789
## ind.deep -2.418e-01 2.354e+00 -0.103 0.918220
## ind.med 1.224e+00 2.585e+00 0.473 0.636062
## gamma -4.583e+01 6.010e+00 -7.626 6.88e-14 ***
## phi.N -2.010e+03 1.476e+03 -1.362 0.173540
## R.deep -2.344e+01 6.288e+00 -3.727 0.000207 ***
## R.med 5.643e+01 9.065e+00 6.225 7.76e-10 ***
## SP -7.125e+00 3.145e+00 -2.266 0.023736 *
## density.corr -2.567e+03 4.809e+03 -0.534 0.593602
## density 2.319e+03 1.173e+03 1.976 0.048458 *
## phi.core 1.921e+04 2.282e+03 8.418 < 2e-16 ***
## FaciesF10 8.921e+02 3.590e+02 2.485 0.013157 *
## FaciesF2 9.243e+02 5.818e+02 1.589 0.112514
## FaciesF3 4.393e+02 3.344e+02 1.313 0.189394
## FaciesF5 7.411e+02 3.428e+02 2.162 0.030908 *
## FaciesF7 -4.152e+01 5.742e+02 -0.072 0.942377
## FaciesF8 -1.179e+03 3.927e+02 -3.002 0.002770 **
## FaciesF9 -2.969e+03 4.298e+02 -6.908 1.00e-11 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1262 on 799 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.6889, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6815
## F-statistic: 93.12 on 19 and 799 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16k.predicted_3 <-predict(model_3,data=data)
plot(k.predicted_3,data$k.core)
rmse_3<- RMSE(k.predicted_3,data$k.core )
rmse_3## [1] 1246.201- Apply Stepwise Elimination on the previous mode
model_4<-step(model_3 , direction = "backward")## Start: AIC=11715.43
## k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.deep + ind.med + gamma + phi.N +
## R.deep + R.med + SP + density.corr + density + phi.core +
## Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - ind.deep 1 16793 1271937992 11713
## - ind.med 1 356746 1272277945 11714
## - density.corr 1 453661 1272374861 11714
## - phi.N 1 2953609 1274874809 11715
## - caliper 1 3063007 1274984206 11715
## <none> 1271921199 11715
## - density 1 6217927 1278139127 11717
## - SP 1 8171834 1280093033 11719
## - R.deep 1 22117394 1294038593 11728
## - depth 1 36466976 1308388176 11737
## - R.med 1 61690461 1333611660 11752
## - gamma 1 92579723 1364500923 11771
## - phi.core 1 112793101 1384714301 11783
## - Facies 7 403127714 1675048914 11927
##
## Step: AIC=11713.44
## k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.med + gamma + phi.N + R.deep +
## R.med + SP + density.corr + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - density.corr 1 437546 1272375538 11712
## - phi.N 1 2938766 1274876758 11713
## - caliper 1 3074396 1275012389 11713
## <none> 1271937992 11713
## - density 1 6228928 1278166920 11715
## - ind.med 1 6905855 1278843848 11716
## - SP 1 8191802 1280129794 11717
## - R.deep 1 22125695 1294063687 11726
## - depth 1 39139470 1311077462 11736
## - R.med 1 61773953 1333711946 11750
## - gamma 1 92865220 1364803212 11769
## - phi.core 1 112960440 1384898432 11781
## - Facies 7 479133709 1751071701 11961
##
## Step: AIC=11711.72
## k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.med + gamma + phi.N + R.deep +
## R.med + SP + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - caliper 1 2980713 1275356252 11712
## <none> 1272375538 11712
## - phi.N 1 3279032 1275654571 11712
## - density 1 5792837 1278168375 11713
## - ind.med 1 6813959 1279189497 11714
## - SP 1 8391302 1280766840 11715
## - R.deep 1 22009402 1294384940 11724
## - depth 1 38705776 1311081314 11734
## - R.med 1 61436819 1333812357 11748
## - gamma 1 93974329 1366349868 11768
## - phi.core 1 115336515 1387712053 11781
## - Facies 7 480267100 1752642639 11960
##
## Step: AIC=11711.64
## k.core ~ depth + ind.med + gamma + phi.N + R.deep + R.med + SP +
## density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - phi.N 1 2534906 1277891157 11711
## <none> 1275356252 11712
## - density 1 7270311 1282626562 11714
## - SP 1 8733336 1284089587 11715
## - ind.med 1 12924050 1288280301 11718
## - R.deep 1 22449117 1297805369 11724
## - depth 1 51507476 1326863728 11742
## - R.med 1 60137982 1335494234 11747
## - phi.core 1 112564835 1387921086 11779
## - gamma 1 141535555 1416891807 11796
## - Facies 7 520094756 1795451008 11978
##
## Step: AIC=11711.26
## k.core ~ depth + ind.med + gamma + R.deep + R.med + SP + density +
## phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## <none> 1277891157 11711
## - density 1 5155969 1283047127 11713
## - SP 1 8515796 1286406953 11715
## - ind.med 1 10944937 1288836095 11716
## - R.deep 1 23273312 1301164469 11724
## - depth 1 49725248 1327616405 11740
## - R.med 1 59454645 1337345802 11746
## - phi.core 1 110154394 1388045551 11777
## - gamma 1 219059092 1496950249 11839
## - Facies 7 526383446 1804274603 11980summary(model_4)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = k.core ~ depth + ind.med + gamma + R.deep + R.med +
## SP + density + phi.core + Facies, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -5608.3 -567.8 35.9 500.7 8989.7
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -4.322e+04 6.625e+03 -6.523 1.22e-10 ***
## depth 6.648e+00 1.189e+00 5.590 3.11e-08 ***
## ind.med 1.078e+00 4.111e-01 2.623 0.008894 **
## gamma -5.324e+01 4.537e+00 -11.733 < 2e-16 ***
## R.deep -2.395e+01 6.264e+00 -3.824 0.000141 ***
## R.med 5.515e+01 9.022e+00 6.112 1.53e-09 ***
## SP -7.214e+00 3.118e+00 -2.313 0.020960 *
## density 1.880e+03 1.044e+03 1.800 0.072240 .
## phi.core 1.817e+04 2.184e+03 8.320 3.77e-16 ***
## FaciesF10 8.266e+02 3.533e+02 2.340 0.019553 *
## FaciesF2 7.035e+02 5.567e+02 1.264 0.206697
## FaciesF3 4.100e+02 3.228e+02 1.270 0.204443
## FaciesF5 5.913e+02 3.211e+02 1.841 0.065924 .
## FaciesF7 -3.159e+02 5.402e+02 -0.585 0.558866
## FaciesF8 -1.455e+03 3.122e+02 -4.661 3.69e-06 ***
## FaciesF9 -3.017e+03 3.764e+02 -8.017 3.82e-15 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1262 on 803 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.6874, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6816
## F-statistic: 117.7 on 15 and 803 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16k.predicted_4 <-predict(model_4,data=data)
plot(k.predicted_4,data$k.core)
rmse_4<- RMSE(k.predicted_4,data$k.core )
rmse_4## [1] 1249.122- MLR of Log10(Permeability) given all well logs with Facies.
data$log10_k.core<-log10(data$k.core)
model_5<- lm(log10_k.core~.-k.core,data=data)
summary(model_5)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = log10_k.core ~ . - k.core, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.5804 -0.1138 0.0322 0.1529 0.7384
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -2.3461877 4.6532000 -0.504 0.61425
## depth 0.0007425 0.0004718 1.574 0.11596
## caliper -0.4605945 0.2693103 -1.710 0.08760 .
## ind.deep -0.0007951 0.0006222 -1.278 0.20168
## ind.med 0.0007137 0.0006833 1.044 0.29659
## gamma -0.0091269 0.0015885 -5.746 1.30e-08 ***
## phi.N -1.7628155 0.3901024 -4.519 7.16e-06 ***
## R.deep -0.0025878 0.0016620 -1.557 0.11987
## R.med 0.0044073 0.0023960 1.839 0.06622 .
## SP -0.0016935 0.0008312 -2.037 0.04194 *
## density.corr 1.4462633 1.2712045 1.138 0.25558
## density 1.6148374 0.3100921 5.208 2.44e-07 ***
## phi.core 9.4863406 0.6032903 15.724 < 2e-16 ***
## FaciesF10 0.0786460 0.0948909 0.829 0.40746
## FaciesF2 -0.0184334 0.1537793 -0.120 0.90462
## FaciesF3 -0.0307548 0.0883957 -0.348 0.72799
## FaciesF5 0.1094193 0.0906034 1.208 0.22753
## FaciesF7 0.2811620 0.1517797 1.852 0.06433 .
## FaciesF8 -0.0976234 0.1038054 -0.940 0.34727
## FaciesF9 -0.3562116 0.1135966 -3.136 0.00178 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.3335 on 799 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.6806, Adjusted R-squared: 0.673
## F-statistic: 89.6 on 19 and 799 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16log_k.predicted_5 <-predict(model_5,data=data)
k.predicted_5<-10^log_k.predicted_5
plot(k.predicted_5,data$k.core)
rmse_5<- RMSE(k.predicted_5,data$k.core )
rmse_5## [1] 1333.017- Apply Stepwise Elimination on the previous model
model_6<-step(model_5, direction = "backward")## Start: AIC=-1779.02
## log10_k.core ~ (depth + caliper + ind.deep + ind.med + gamma +
## phi.N + R.deep + R.med + SP + density.corr + density + phi.core +
## k.core + Facies) - k.core
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - ind.med 1 0.1213 88.981 -1779.9
## - density.corr 1 0.1440 89.004 -1779.7
## - ind.deep 1 0.1816 89.042 -1779.3
## <none> 88.860 -1779.0
## - R.deep 1 0.2696 89.130 -1778.5
## - depth 1 0.2754 89.135 -1778.5
## - caliper 1 0.3253 89.185 -1778.0
## - R.med 1 0.3763 89.236 -1777.6
## - SP 1 0.4617 89.322 -1776.8
## - phi.N 1 2.2710 91.131 -1760.3
## - density 1 3.0160 91.876 -1753.7
## - gamma 1 3.6713 92.531 -1747.9
## - Facies 7 7.0758 95.936 -1730.3
## - phi.core 1 27.4982 116.358 -1560.2
##
## Step: AIC=-1779.9
## log10_k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.deep + gamma + phi.N + R.deep +
## R.med + SP + density.corr + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - density.corr 1 0.1931 89.174 -1780.1
## <none> 88.981 -1779.9
## - ind.deep 1 0.2179 89.199 -1779.9
## - R.deep 1 0.2447 89.226 -1779.7
## - caliper 1 0.2921 89.273 -1779.2
## - R.med 1 0.3397 89.321 -1778.8
## - SP 1 0.4101 89.391 -1778.1
## - depth 1 0.4622 89.444 -1777.7
## - phi.N 1 2.2035 91.185 -1761.9
## - density 1 3.0113 91.993 -1754.6
## - gamma 1 3.5761 92.557 -1749.6
## - Facies 7 9.1242 98.106 -1714.0
## - phi.core 1 27.4190 116.400 -1561.9
##
## Step: AIC=-1780.12
## log10_k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.deep + gamma + phi.N + R.deep +
## R.med + SP + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - ind.deep 1 0.2180 89.392 -1780.1
## <none> 89.174 -1780.1
## - R.deep 1 0.2526 89.427 -1779.8
## - caliper 1 0.2676 89.442 -1779.7
## - R.med 1 0.3598 89.534 -1778.8
## - SP 1 0.3832 89.558 -1778.6
## - depth 1 0.5404 89.715 -1777.2
## - phi.N 1 2.0726 91.247 -1763.3
## - gamma 1 3.4838 92.658 -1750.7
## - density 1 3.6220 92.796 -1749.5
## - Facies 7 9.3567 98.531 -1712.4
## - phi.core 1 27.2273 116.402 -1563.9
##
## Step: AIC=-1780.12
## log10_k.core ~ depth + caliper + gamma + phi.N + R.deep + R.med +
## SP + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## <none> 89.392 -1780.1
## - R.deep 1 0.2869 89.679 -1779.5
## - depth 1 0.3332 89.726 -1779.1
## - SP 1 0.4296 89.822 -1778.2
## - R.med 1 0.5085 89.901 -1777.5
## - caliper 1 0.5746 89.967 -1776.9
## - phi.N 1 2.3337 91.726 -1761.0
## - gamma 1 3.8214 93.214 -1747.8
## - density 1 3.8626 93.255 -1747.5
## - Facies 7 9.2100 98.602 -1713.8
## - phi.core 1 27.0935 116.486 -1565.3summary(model_6)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = log10_k.core ~ depth + caliper + gamma + phi.N +
## R.deep + R.med + SP + density + phi.core + Facies, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.58182 -0.12001 0.03437 0.15230 0.70317
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -1.2671250 3.9316796 -0.322 0.74732
## depth 0.0006562 0.0003796 1.729 0.08420 .
## caliper -0.5608681 0.2470292 -2.270 0.02344 *
## gamma -0.0091497 0.0015626 -5.855 6.94e-09 ***
## phi.N -1.7463527 0.3816550 -4.576 5.50e-06 ***
## R.deep -0.0026554 0.0016551 -1.604 0.10903
## R.med 0.0049837 0.0023334 2.136 0.03300 *
## SP -0.0016140 0.0008221 -1.963 0.04996 *
## density 1.7602255 0.2990153 5.887 5.79e-09 ***
## phi.core 9.2753944 0.5949259 15.591 < 2e-16 ***
## FaciesF10 0.0896953 0.0945929 0.948 0.34330
## FaciesF2 0.0152576 0.1523676 0.100 0.92026
## FaciesF3 -0.0292379 0.0869197 -0.336 0.73667
## FaciesF5 0.1022238 0.0879087 1.163 0.24524
## FaciesF7 0.2794793 0.1462763 1.911 0.05641 .
## FaciesF8 -0.0932936 0.0927473 -1.006 0.31477
## FaciesF9 -0.3877078 0.1030388 -3.763 0.00018 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.3339 on 802 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.6787, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6722
## F-statistic: 105.9 on 16 and 802 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16log_k.predicted_6 <-predict(model_6,data=data)
k.predicted_6<-10^log_k.predicted_6
plot(k.predicted_6,data$k.core)
rmse_6<- RMSE(k.predicted_6,data$k.core )
rmse_6## [1] 1330.932- Random Subsampling Cross-Validation applied on MLR of Log10(Permeability) given all well logs with Facies
library(dplyr)##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, unionset.seed(12345)
training<-sample_frac(data, .65)
testing<-anti_join(data,training)## Joining with `by = join_by(depth, caliper, ind.deep, ind.med, gamma, phi.N,
## R.deep, R.med, SP, density.corr, density, phi.core, k.core, Facies,
## log10_k.core)`model_7<- lm(log10_k.core~.-k.core,data=training)
summary(model_7)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = log10_k.core ~ . - k.core, data = training)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.49689 -0.11980 0.02741 0.15390 0.76264
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.7810152 5.9273947 0.132 0.89522
## depth 0.0005054 0.0006075 0.832 0.40587
## caliper -0.7410501 0.3440322 -2.154 0.03171 *
## ind.deep -0.0004807 0.0008111 -0.593 0.55370
## ind.med 0.0004534 0.0008877 0.511 0.60969
## gamma -0.0094700 0.0021137 -4.480 9.20e-06 ***
## phi.N -2.0985539 0.5278180 -3.976 8.02e-05 ***
## R.deep -0.0029529 0.0022903 -1.289 0.19787
## R.med 0.0049241 0.0032176 1.530 0.12654
## SP -0.0019541 0.0010852 -1.801 0.07235 .
## density.corr 2.8069834 1.6498431 1.701 0.08948 .
## density 1.9966417 0.3987360 5.007 7.60e-07 ***
## phi.core 9.5332485 0.7627042 12.499 < 2e-16 ***
## FaciesF10 -0.0003404 0.1199160 -0.003 0.99774
## FaciesF2 -0.1607754 0.1821440 -0.883 0.37782
## FaciesF3 -0.1024253 0.1134049 -0.903 0.36685
## FaciesF5 0.0545713 0.1200089 0.455 0.64950
## FaciesF7 0.2219951 0.1820073 1.220 0.22314
## FaciesF8 -0.1351059 0.1363005 -0.991 0.32204
## FaciesF9 -0.4113878 0.1485460 -2.769 0.00582 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.3474 on 512 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.662, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6495
## F-statistic: 52.79 on 19 and 512 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16log_k.predicted_7 <-predict(model_7,newdata=testing)
k.predicted_7<-10^log_k.predicted_7
plot(k.predicted_7,testing$k.core)
rmse_7<- RMSE(k.predicted_7,testing$k.core )
rmse_7## [1] 1359.295- Apply Stepwise Elimination on the previous model.
model_8<-step(model_7, direction = "backward")## Start: AIC=-1105.31
## log10_k.core ~ (depth + caliper + ind.deep + ind.med + gamma +
## phi.N + R.deep + R.med + SP + density.corr + density + phi.core +
## k.core + Facies) - k.core
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - ind.med 1 0.0315 61.825 -1107.04
## - ind.deep 1 0.0424 61.836 -1106.95
## - depth 1 0.0835 61.877 -1106.59
## - R.deep 1 0.2006 61.994 -1105.59
## <none> 61.794 -1105.31
## - R.med 1 0.2827 62.076 -1104.88
## - density.corr 1 0.3494 62.143 -1104.31
## - SP 1 0.3913 62.185 -1103.95
## - caliper 1 0.5600 62.354 -1102.51
## - phi.N 1 1.9079 63.702 -1091.13
## - gamma 1 2.4227 64.216 -1086.85
## - density 1 3.0262 64.820 -1081.88
## - Facies 7 4.5949 66.389 -1081.15
## - phi.core 1 18.8558 80.650 -965.63
##
## Step: AIC=-1107.04
## log10_k.core ~ depth + caliper + ind.deep + gamma + phi.N + R.deep +
## R.med + SP + density.corr + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - ind.deep 1 0.0314 61.857 -1108.77
## - depth 1 0.1346 61.960 -1107.88
## - R.deep 1 0.1881 62.013 -1107.42
## <none> 61.825 -1107.04
## - R.med 1 0.2668 62.092 -1106.75
## - SP 1 0.3685 62.194 -1105.88
## - density.corr 1 0.3822 62.208 -1105.76
## - caliper 1 0.5366 62.362 -1104.44
## - phi.N 1 1.8905 63.716 -1093.02
## - gamma 1 2.3921 64.217 -1088.84
## - density 1 3.0632 64.888 -1083.31
## - Facies 7 5.6002 67.425 -1074.91
## - phi.core 1 18.8304 80.656 -967.59
##
## Step: AIC=-1108.77
## log10_k.core ~ depth + caliper + gamma + phi.N + R.deep + R.med +
## SP + density.corr + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - depth 1 0.1032 61.960 -1109.88
## - R.deep 1 0.1963 62.053 -1109.08
## <none> 61.857 -1108.77
## - R.med 1 0.3134 62.170 -1108.08
## - density.corr 1 0.3846 62.241 -1107.47
## - SP 1 0.3928 62.250 -1107.40
## - caliper 1 0.7164 62.573 -1104.64
## - phi.N 1 2.0565 63.913 -1093.37
## - gamma 1 2.5195 64.376 -1089.53
## - density 1 3.2016 65.058 -1083.92
## - Facies 7 5.5856 67.442 -1076.78
## - phi.core 1 18.8970 80.754 -968.95
##
## Step: AIC=-1109.88
## log10_k.core ~ caliper + gamma + phi.N + R.deep + R.med + SP +
## density.corr + density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - R.deep 1 0.1558 62.116 -1110.55
## - R.med 1 0.2307 62.191 -1109.91
## <none> 61.960 -1109.88
## - SP 1 0.3913 62.351 -1108.53
## - density.corr 1 0.4468 62.407 -1108.06
## - caliper 1 1.8905 63.850 -1095.89
## - phi.N 1 1.9627 63.923 -1095.29
## - density 1 3.5394 65.499 -1082.33
## - gamma 1 3.7112 65.671 -1080.94
## - Facies 7 8.1121 70.072 -1058.43
## - phi.core 1 19.2767 81.237 -967.78
##
## Step: AIC=-1110.55
## log10_k.core ~ caliper + gamma + phi.N + R.med + SP + density.corr +
## density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## - R.med 1 0.1293 62.245 -1111.44
## <none> 62.116 -1110.55
## - SP 1 0.3368 62.453 -1109.67
## - density.corr 1 0.4440 62.560 -1108.76
## - caliper 1 1.7638 63.879 -1097.65
## - phi.N 1 2.1217 64.237 -1094.68
## - density 1 3.4039 65.520 -1084.16
## - gamma 1 3.5607 65.676 -1082.89
## - Facies 7 8.2345 70.350 -1058.32
## - phi.core 1 19.7068 81.823 -965.95
##
## Step: AIC=-1111.44
## log10_k.core ~ caliper + gamma + phi.N + SP + density.corr +
## density + phi.core + Facies
##
## Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC
## <none> 62.245 -1111.44
## - SP 1 0.4309 62.676 -1109.77
## - density.corr 1 0.4421 62.687 -1109.68
## - caliper 1 1.9325 64.177 -1097.18
## - phi.N 1 2.0981 64.343 -1095.80
## - density 1 3.3186 65.564 -1085.81
## - gamma 1 3.8882 66.133 -1081.21
## - Facies 7 12.0967 74.342 -1030.96
## - phi.core 1 19.8693 82.114 -966.06summary(model_8)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = log10_k.core ~ caliper + gamma + phi.N + SP + density.corr +
## density + phi.core + Facies, data = training)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.50297 -0.11991 0.02011 0.15356 0.73821
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 5.605212 2.329011 2.407 0.016447 *
## caliper -0.959589 0.239515 -4.006 7.07e-05 ***
## gamma -0.010276 0.001808 -5.683 2.22e-08 ***
## phi.N -2.052912 0.491777 -4.174 3.50e-05 ***
## SP -0.001973 0.001043 -1.892 0.059066 .
## density.corr 3.105096 1.620318 1.916 0.055872 .
## density 2.009015 0.382662 5.250 2.22e-07 ***
## phi.core 9.643825 0.750698 12.846 < 2e-16 ***
## FaciesF10 0.021927 0.118155 0.186 0.852851
## FaciesF2 -0.161152 0.179890 -0.896 0.370755
## FaciesF3 -0.100995 0.110183 -0.917 0.359773
## FaciesF5 0.104780 0.111133 0.943 0.346205
## FaciesF7 0.231359 0.171736 1.347 0.178512
## FaciesF8 -0.089163 0.116708 -0.764 0.445223
## FaciesF9 -0.369946 0.110341 -3.353 0.000859 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.347 on 517 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.6596, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6504
## F-statistic: 71.55 on 14 and 517 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16log_k.predicted_8 <-predict(model_8,newdata=testing)
k.predicted_8<-10^log_k.predicted_8
plot(k.predicted_8,testing$k.core)
rmse_8<- RMSE(k.predicted_8,testing$k.core )
rmse_8## [1] 1430.898