Data Visualisation of Titanic Dataset
Introduction
This report explores the Titanic Dataset downloaded from Kaggle at the following Link.
The Dataset
First look into the dataset (summary, structure,…):
# structure
str(titanic_data)## 'data.frame': 1310 obs. of 14 variables:
## $ pclass : int 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ survived : int 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 ...
## $ name : chr "Allen, Miss. Elisabeth Walton" "Allison, Master. Hudson Trevor" "Allison, Miss. Helen Loraine" "Allison, Mr. Hudson Joshua Creighton" ...
## $ sex : chr "female" "male" "female" "male" ...
## $ age : num 29 0.917 2 30 25 ...
## $ sibsp : int 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 ...
## $ parch : int 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ ticket : chr "24160" "113781" "113781" "113781" ...
## $ fare : num 211 152 152 152 152 ...
## $ cabin : chr "B5" "C22 C26" "C22 C26" "C22 C26" ...
## $ embarked : chr "S" "S" "S" "S" ...
## $ boat : chr "2" "11" "" "" ...
## $ body : int NA NA NA 135 NA NA NA NA NA 22 ...
## $ home.dest: chr "St Louis, MO" "Montreal, PQ / Chesterville, ON" "Montreal, PQ / Chesterville, ON" "Montreal, PQ / Chesterville, ON" ...# summary
summary(titanic_data)## pclass survived name sex
## Min. :1.000 Min. :0.000 Length:1310 Length:1310
## 1st Qu.:2.000 1st Qu.:0.000 Class :character Class :character
## Median :3.000 Median :0.000 Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean :2.295 Mean :0.382
## 3rd Qu.:3.000 3rd Qu.:1.000
## Max. :3.000 Max. :1.000
## NA's :1 NA's :1
## age sibsp parch ticket
## Min. : 0.1667 Min. :0.0000 Min. :0.000 Length:1310
## 1st Qu.:21.0000 1st Qu.:0.0000 1st Qu.:0.000 Class :character
## Median :28.0000 Median :0.0000 Median :0.000 Mode :character
## Mean :29.8811 Mean :0.4989 Mean :0.385
## 3rd Qu.:39.0000 3rd Qu.:1.0000 3rd Qu.:0.000
## Max. :80.0000 Max. :8.0000 Max. :9.000
## NA's :264 NA's :1 NA's :1
## fare cabin embarked boat
## Min. : 0.000 Length:1310 Length:1310 Length:1310
## 1st Qu.: 7.896 Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Median : 14.454 Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean : 33.295
## 3rd Qu.: 31.275
## Max. :512.329
## NA's :2
## body home.dest
## Min. : 1.0 Length:1310
## 1st Qu.: 72.0 Class :character
## Median :155.0 Mode :character
## Mean :160.8
## 3rd Qu.:256.0
## Max. :328.0
## NA's :1189# data frame dimensions
rows <- nrow(titanic_data)
cols <- ncol(titanic_data)
# pre-look
head(titanic_data)## pclass survived name sex
## 1 1 1 Allen, Miss. Elisabeth Walton female
## 2 1 1 Allison, Master. Hudson Trevor male
## 3 1 0 Allison, Miss. Helen Loraine female
## 4 1 0 Allison, Mr. Hudson Joshua Creighton male
## 5 1 0 Allison, Mrs. Hudson J C (Bessie Waldo Daniels) female
## 6 1 1 Anderson, Mr. Harry male
## age sibsp parch ticket fare cabin embarked boat body
## 1 29.0000 0 0 24160 211.3375 B5 S 2 NA
## 2 0.9167 1 2 113781 151.5500 C22 C26 S 11 NA
## 3 2.0000 1 2 113781 151.5500 C22 C26 S NA
## 4 30.0000 1 2 113781 151.5500 C22 C26 S 135
## 5 25.0000 1 2 113781 151.5500 C22 C26 S NA
## 6 48.0000 0 0 19952 26.5500 E12 S 3 NA
## home.dest
## 1 St Louis, MO
## 2 Montreal, PQ / Chesterville, ON
## 3 Montreal, PQ / Chesterville, ON
## 4 Montreal, PQ / Chesterville, ON
## 5 Montreal, PQ / Chesterville, ON
## 6 New York, NYData frame consists of 14 variables or columns and 1310 measurements or rows (different diamonds).
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
In this report we try to explore the given titanic dataset and answer questions such as
- How many passengers died vs. how many survived on that fateful night?
- What was the Survival status of passengers by Class?
- If there was any correlation between Age of the passengers and the Fare?
- What was the age distribution of passengers by class?
- If more passengers died or survived per each arrival point?
Stacked Bar Chart showing the Count of Died/Survived Passengers
Observations
More passengers died than survived. Those who survived, the majority were females and those who died, the majority were males.
Box and Whisker Plot showing Age Distribution by Passenger Class
## Warning: Removed 264 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_boxplot()`).Observations
The median age of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd class passgengets was 39, 29 and 24. Higher degree of the passengers were young adults i.e. in their 20s or 30s in the 3rd class. 3rd class also had more outliers (older people) as compared to 1st and 2nd class
Stacked Bar Plot showing Survival Status by Passenger Class
## Warning: Removed 1 row containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_count()`).Observations
1st class had more passengers that survived than died. Majority of the people in 3rd class perished
Clustered bar chart showing count of passengers embarkation and whether they died or survived
Observations
Passengers who arrived via C (Cherbourg), more survived than died. Passengers who arrived via Q (Queenstown) and S (Southampton), more died than survived
Scatter plot showing correlation between Age and Fare.
## Warning: Removed 265 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_smooth()`).## Warning: Removed 265 rows containing missing values or values outside the scale range
## (`geom_point()`).
Observations
This graph shows there is weak positive correlation between age and fare. As the age goes up, fare goes up.