https://github.com/ucsd-psych201a/critcher2013_2 Anthony Zavala
Critcher2013
Introduction
I chose to replicate this project because of how it relates to my research interest in misinformation in how people develop their beliefs in ideas from social media such as the far right. This theory is based on the idea of how people make quick judgments based on others’ quick decisions. The idea of people reacting to misinformation quickly based on assumptions is similar to this research done in this article. I am excited to hear more about how important reaction time is going to affect people’s judgments on others. Getting to do htis type of research can improve my understanding of what rearch I wold like to continue on. Understanding the possibilities of how people reaction time is important ot this.
I would like to conduct this by doing one question similar to the one about Pamela who gives her children a man for adoption. The differing of the internet is a part I’m excited for it because of how people might answer more honestly. The bias of being in person might give different answers to this experiment. They have this situation and have participants react to it and start to compare in which Pamela makes the decision quickly or longer and based on her response. This project is about people making quick judgments based on others’ quick decisions such as in the action of selling one’s child and many other examples. This could be in a matter of seconds in a certain group of experiments to test the reactant time and difference whether it be positive or negative based on an individual’s action.
Methods
Power Analysis Planned Sample (Don’t need now) Materials “Immediately following the description of Justin and Nate’s actions, we asked participants the following sets of items (all on 1–7 scales):
Quickness. As a manipulation check, participants indicated how quickly (vs. slowly) the decision was made.
Moral character evaluation. The three moral evaluation items had participants assess the agents’ underlying moral principles and standards (Justin: a 1⁄4 .94; Nate: a 1⁄4 .78) by asking whether the agent: ‘‘has entirely good (vs. entirely bad) moral principles,’’ ‘‘has good (vs. bad) moral standards,’’ and ‘‘deep down has the moral principles and knowledge to do the right thing.’’
Certainty. We included 4 items to assess each actor’s perceived decision certainty. Participants indicated ‘‘how conflicted [each] felt when making his decision’’ (reverse-scored), ‘‘how many reservations [each] had’’ (reverse-scored), whether the target ‘‘was quite certain in his decision’’ (vs. had considerable reservations), and ‘‘how far [each] was from choosing the alternate course of action.’’ The items had high internal reliability for both Justin (a 1⁄4 .89) and Nate (a 1⁄4 .81).
Emotional impulsivity. In order to ensure that decision speed was not simply taken as a proxy for emotional impulsivity (a feature previously shown to affect moral judgments; Pizarro, Uhlmann, & Salovey, 2003), we assessed perceptions of the emotionally impulsive nature of the decision with 2 items. Participants indicated to what extent the person remained ‘‘calm and emotionally contained’’ (reverse-scored) and ‘‘became upset and acted without thinking.’’ The items were significantly correlated (Justin: r 1⁄4 .51, p < .001; Nate: r 1⁄4 .33, p < .001).”(pg)
Procedure “Participants read about Pamela, who struggled to earn enough to provide for her two children. Pamela worked for Mr. Muir, a wealthy bachelor who took a special interest in Pamela’s son Alan, taking him on outings and buying him expensive presents. Although Pamela had no direct evidence that Mr. Muir’s intentions were unsavory, his obsession with Alan made Pamela feel suspicious of Muir’s true intentions. One day, Mr. Muir approached Pamela with a proposition. He told Pamela that he cared for Alan very much and would like to adopt him. If Pamela agreed, Muir would triple her sal- ary. We assumed that people would find it morally abhorrent to, in effect, sell one’s son to a man who might abuse him. Pamela was described as taking 3 seconds (quick) or 3 days (slow) to make her decision. We independently varied whether Pamela accepted or rejected Mr. Muir’s offer to sell her son. Participants answered the same quickness, moral character eva- luation (a 1⁄4 .83), certainty (a 1⁄4 .86), and emotional impulsivity (r 1⁄4 .43) items as in Experiment 2. We added 2 items that assessed Pamela’s perceived motives. On scales from 1 (not at all) to 7 (very strong), participants rated Pamela’s motives to: ‘‘get more money’’ and ‘‘protect her children’’ (r 1⁄4 .64, p < .001).” Analysis Plan They got rid of participants who they can’t find data on in the missing data section They use a two-way ANOVA in order to find the main effect of decision type and how fast the decision is based on the how good the person is They will use a two-way ANOVA in order to analyze the interaction effects from how fast the decision is done and the type of decision They will use T-tests in order to have a comparison of how decision speed on both types of decision impacted moral character evaluation. T-tests for perceived certainty of decisions and its relationship to decision speed and perceived impulsivity. 2 (decision) x 2 (speed) ANOVA was performed to analyze the perceived motives of Pamela
Differences from original study We are only doing experiment 2 which we will replicate The people who are participating in the study This study will be conducted through the internet
Results
Data Preparation Start to get rid of missing values Get rid of data with failed attention checks Look towards assessing outliers Make sure we have the correct data formatting
Results Confirmatory analysis MAIN ANALYSIS: The statistical test was found within a replicating experiment 1 which utilizes a two way ANOVA based on what the perceived morals of someone character composite confirmed through the influence of how fast the decision was T-tests in order to find a comparison of how fast the decision is on both types of decision impacting what the moral character is like T-tests in order to perceive certainty of decisions and its relationship to how fast the decisions are and how impulsive the person is 2 (decision) x 2 (speed) ANOVA was done so they can analyze what the perceive are the intentions of Pamela