KITAP_BOLUM 2

Soru_1

isim <- c("Ali","Defne", "Meltem", "Semih","Sevda","Gizem","Emre","Zeynep","Utku","Beril")
vize <- c(60,70,50,80,65,70,85,70,92,80)
final <- c(70,65,50,45,67,75,80,85,95,85)

names(vize) <- isim
vize
##    Ali  Defne Meltem  Semih  Sevda  Gizem   Emre Zeynep   Utku  Beril 
##     60     70     50     80     65     70     85     70     92     80
names(final)<- isim
final
##    Ali  Defne Meltem  Semih  Sevda  Gizem   Emre Zeynep   Utku  Beril 
##     70     65     50     45     67     75     80     85     95     85
vize[c("Ali","Beril")]
##   Ali Beril 
##    60    80
final[c("Ali", "Beril")]
##   Ali Beril 
##    70    85
ortalama <- (vize+final)/2
ortalama
##    Ali  Defne Meltem  Semih  Sevda  Gizem   Emre Zeynep   Utku  Beril 
##   65.0   67.5   50.0   62.5   66.0   72.5   82.5   77.5   93.5   82.5
std_sapma_vize <- sd(vize)
std_sapma_vize
## [1] 12.40788
std_sapma_final <- sd(final)
std_sapma_final
## [1] 15.74131
min(vize)
## [1] 50
min(final)
## [1] 45
max(vize)    
## [1] 92
max(final)
## [1] 95
median(vize)
## [1] 70
median(final)
## [1] 72.5
subset(isim, vize>90)
## [1] "Utku"
subset(isim, final>90)
## [1] "Utku"
subset(isim, vize<50 | final <50)
## [1] "Semih"
final_yuksek <- subset(isim, final>vize)
final_yuksek
## [1] "Ali"    "Sevda"  "Gizem"  "Zeynep" "Utku"   "Beril"
dersi_gecen <- final >= 50
vize_y <- vize[dersi_gecen]
vize_y
##    Ali  Defne Meltem  Sevda  Gizem   Emre Zeynep   Utku  Beril 
##     60     70     50     65     70     85     70     92     80
final_y <- final[dersi_gecen]
final_y
##    Ali  Defne Meltem  Sevda  Gizem   Emre Zeynep   Utku  Beril 
##     70     65     50     67     75     80     85     95     85
length(final_y)
## [1] 9
length(vize_y)
## [1] 9
which.max(vize)
## Utku 
##    9
which.max(final)
## Utku 
##    9
vize_toplam <- sum(vize)
vize_toplam
## [1] 722
final_toplam <- sum(final)
final_toplam
## [1] 717
not <- (final*0.6) + (vize*0.4)
not
##    Ali  Defne Meltem  Semih  Sevda  Gizem   Emre Zeynep   Utku  Beril 
##   66.0   67.0   50.0   59.0   66.2   73.0   82.0   79.0   93.8   83.0
mean(not)
## [1] 71.9
sd(not)
## [1] 12.88315
not_s <- sort(not, decreasing = TRUE)
not_s
##   Utku  Beril   Emre Zeynep  Gizem  Defne  Sevda    Ali  Semih Meltem 
##   93.8   83.0   82.0   79.0   73.0   67.0   66.2   66.0   59.0   50.0
str(isim)
##  chr [1:10] "Ali" "Defne" "Meltem" "Semih" "Sevda" "Gizem" "Emre" "Zeynep" ...
str(vize)
##  Named num [1:10] 60 70 50 80 65 70 85 70 92 80
##  - attr(*, "names")= chr [1:10] "Ali" "Defne" "Meltem" "Semih" ...
str(final)
##  Named num [1:10] 70 65 50 45 67 75 80 85 95 85
##  - attr(*, "names")= chr [1:10] "Ali" "Defne" "Meltem" "Semih" ...
str(ortalama)
##  Named num [1:10] 65 67.5 50 62.5 66 72.5 82.5 77.5 93.5 82.5
##  - attr(*, "names")= chr [1:10] "Ali" "Defne" "Meltem" "Semih" ...
str(final_yuksek)
##  chr [1:6] "Ali" "Sevda" "Gizem" "Zeynep" "Utku" "Beril"
str(final_y)
##  Named num [1:9] 70 65 50 67 75 80 85 95 85
##  - attr(*, "names")= chr [1:9] "Ali" "Defne" "Meltem" "Sevda" ...
ort_buyuk <- subset(isim, not>mean(not))
ort_buyuk
## [1] "Gizem"  "Emre"   "Zeynep" "Utku"   "Beril"
subset(isim, not==66)
## [1] "Ali"
subset(isim, not==72)
## character(0)
subset(isim, not==88)
## character(0)

Soru_2

round(seq(from=1, to=20, length.out=40),2)
##  [1]  1.00  1.49  1.97  2.46  2.95  3.44  3.92  4.41  4.90  5.38  5.87  6.36
## [13]  6.85  7.33  7.82  8.31  8.79  9.28  9.77 10.26 10.74 11.23 11.72 12.21
## [25] 12.69 13.18 13.67 14.15 14.64 15.13 15.62 16.10 16.59 17.08 17.56 18.05
## [37] 18.54 19.03 19.51 20.00

Soru_3

paste("ogrenci", 1:10, sep="_")
##  [1] "ogrenci_1"  "ogrenci_2"  "ogrenci_3"  "ogrenci_4"  "ogrenci_5" 
##  [6] "ogrenci_6"  "ogrenci_7"  "ogrenci_8"  "ogrenci_9"  "ogrenci_10"
x <- c(10, 15, 25, 50, 100)
rep(x, c(3,5, 1, 4, 3))
##  [1]  10  10  10  15  15  15  15  15  25  50  50  50  50 100 100 100
y <- c(1:3)
rep(y, c(10:12))
##  [1] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Soru_4

cins <- c("Erkek", "Kiz", "Kiz", "Erkek", "Kiz", "Kiz", "Erkek", "Kiz", "Erkek", "Kiz")
cins <- factor(cins)
sayisal_cins <- as.numeric(cins)
sayisal_cins
##  [1] 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2
karakter_cins <- as.character(cins)
karakter_cins
##  [1] "Erkek" "Kiz"   "Kiz"   "Erkek" "Kiz"   "Kiz"   "Erkek" "Kiz"   "Erkek"
## [10] "Kiz"

Soru_5

?cut
## starting httpd help server ... done
harf_not <- cut(not, breaks = c(-Inf, 49, 59, 69, 79, 89, 100),
labels = c("F", "E", "D", "C", "B", "A"),
right = TRUE)
harf_not<- factor(harf_not)
harf_not
##  [1] D D E E D C B C A B
## Levels: E D C B A
str(harf_not)
##  Factor w/ 5 levels "E","D","C","B",..: 2 2 1 1 2 3 4 3 5 4

Soru_6

matris <- cbind(Vize = vize, Final = final, Gecme_Notu = not)
matris
##        Vize Final Gecme_Notu
## Ali      60    70       66.0
## Defne    70    65       67.0
## Meltem   50    50       50.0
## Semih    80    45       59.0
## Sevda    65    67       66.2
## Gizem    70    75       73.0
## Emre     85    80       82.0
## Zeynep   70    85       79.0
## Utku     92    95       93.8
## Beril    80    85       83.0
ortalamalar<-colMeans(matris)
matris_yeni<- rbind(matris, ortalamalar)
matris_yeni
##             Vize Final Gecme_Notu
## Ali         60.0  70.0       66.0
## Defne       70.0  65.0       67.0
## Meltem      50.0  50.0       50.0
## Semih       80.0  45.0       59.0
## Sevda       65.0  67.0       66.2
## Gizem       70.0  75.0       73.0
## Emre        85.0  80.0       82.0
## Zeynep      70.0  85.0       79.0
## Utku        92.0  95.0       93.8
## Beril       80.0  85.0       83.0
## ortalamalar 72.2  71.7       71.9
matris<-cbind(matris, Harf_notu = harf_not)
matris
##        Vize Final Gecme_Notu Harf_notu
## Ali      60    70       66.0         2
## Defne    70    65       67.0         2
## Meltem   50    50       50.0         1
## Semih    80    45       59.0         1
## Sevda    65    67       66.2         2
## Gizem    70    75       73.0         3
## Emre     85    80       82.0         4
## Zeynep   70    85       79.0         3
## Utku     92    95       93.8         5
## Beril    80    85       83.0         4