I love Friday the 13th!! The day, the movies, and the mystery around it. My wife also shared this mentality with me. So much so that we got married on Friday the 13th. We floated a Jason mask in the reflecting pond and our wedding was at the Ceresville Mansion(supposedly haunted). However, not everyone has the admiration for this day like I do. We have often heard people say “UH OH, its Friday the 13th, be careful”. But, does this supposed unlucky day actually change our behavior? The data set I have found looks into this very issue. With multiple daily activities we will see if behavior is changed. The behaviors that are examined in this data set are traffic, shopping, and accidents. For traffic, the researchers obtained information from the British Department of Transport regarding the traffic flows between junctions 7 to 8 and junctions 9 to 10 of the M25 motorway. For shopping, they collected the numbers of shoppers in nine different supermarkets in southeast England. For accidents, they collected numbers of emergency admissions to hospital due to transport accidents.
With our Data set we will compare the 3 types of activities on multiple Friday the 13th’s vs Friday the 6th’s. We will plot 6 lines, 3 on Friday the 13th and 3 on the 6th. Will there be a change if so then behavior has changed and we might need to explore this theory deeper.
#1 Set working directory, load libraries, and load data set
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Rows: 61 Columns: 6
── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Delimiter: ","
chr (3): type, date, location
dbl (3): sixth, thirteenth, diff
ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
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Wave Object
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Duration (seconds): 4.13
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Channels (Mono/Stereo): Stereo
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mp3_file <-"chchahah.mp3"play(mp3_file)
# Specify the path to your MP3 filemp3_file <-"chchahah.mp3"# Play the audio fileplay(mp3_file,)
I have tried multiple ways to get the sound byte to play but have not had success. The code goes through but it still does not play the file. I will work more on this to hopefully get a result.
display structure of fri data set
structure(fri)
# A tibble: 61 × 6
type date sixth thirteenth diff location
<chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
1 traffic 1990, July 139246 138548 698 7 to 8
2 traffic 1990, July 134012 132908 1104 9 to 10
3 traffic 1991, September 137055 136018 1037 7 to 8
4 traffic 1991, September 133732 131843 1889 9 to 10
5 traffic 1991, December 123552 121641 1911 7 to 8
6 traffic 1991, December 121139 118723 2416 9 to 10
7 traffic 1992, March 128293 125532 2761 7 to 8
8 traffic 1992, March 124631 120249 4382 9 to 10
9 traffic 1992, November 124609 122770 1839 7 to 8
10 traffic 1992, November 117584 117263 321 9 to 10
# ℹ 51 more rows
Create first data frame for traffic
tra <- fri[1:10,1:4]tra
# A tibble: 10 × 4
type date sixth thirteenth
<chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 traffic 1990, July 139246 138548
2 traffic 1990, July 134012 132908
3 traffic 1991, September 137055 136018
4 traffic 1991, September 133732 131843
5 traffic 1991, December 123552 121641
6 traffic 1991, December 121139 118723
7 traffic 1992, March 128293 125532
8 traffic 1992, March 124631 120249
9 traffic 1992, November 124609 122770
10 traffic 1992, November 117584 117263
Create Five Number Summaries for Traffic (6th and 13th)
data1 <- tra$sixthfivenum(data1)
[1] 117584 123552 126462 134012 139246
data2 <- tra$thirteenthfivenum(data2)
[1] 117263 120249 124151 132908 138548
Create a percentage change in traffic from the 6th to the 13th
sum(124151-126464)/124151*100
[1] -1.863054
Create traffic boxplots comparing the 6th to the 13th
img1 <-readJPEG("fri2.jpg")tral <- tra |>pivot_longer(cols =3:4,names_to ="days",values_to ="travelers")ggplot(tral, aes(x=days, y = travelers))+background_image(img1)+geom_boxplot(color ="red", alpha = .2,)+geom_dotplot(binaxis ="y", stackdir ="center", color ="red", dotsize =0.5)+theme_dark()+labs(x ="Day",y ="Number of Travelers",title ="Travel on Friday the 13th",caption ="https://www.openintro.org/data/index.php?data=friday")
Bin width defaults to 1/30 of the range of the data. Pick better value with
`binwidth`.
Create second data frame for shopping
shop <- fri[11:55, 1:4]shop
# A tibble: 45 × 4
type date sixth thirteenth
<chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 shopping 1990, July 4942 4882
2 shopping 1991, September 4895 4736
3 shopping 1991, December 4805 4784
4 shopping 1992, March 4570 4603
5 shopping 1992, November 4506 4629
6 shopping 1990, July 6754 6998
7 shopping 1991, September 6704 6707
8 shopping 1991, December 5871 5662
9 shopping 1992, March 6026 6162
10 shopping 1992, November 5676 5665
# ℹ 35 more rows
Create five number summaries for shopping (6th and 13th)
data3 <- shop$sixthfivenum(data3)
[1] 3558 3954 4805 6026 7138
data4 <- shop$thirteenthfivenum(data4)
[1] 3554 3926 4736 6162 7057
Create a percentage change in shopping from the 6th to the 13th
sum(4736-4805)/4736*100
[1] -1.456926
Create shopping Boxplots comparing the 6th to the 13th
img2 <-readJPEG("fri6.jpg")shopl <- shop |>pivot_longer(cols =3:4,names_to ="days",values_to ="shoppers")ggplot(shopl, aes(x=days, y = shoppers))+background_image(img2)+geom_boxplot(color ="#fa8f02", alpha = .2,)+geom_dotplot(binaxis ="y", stackdir ="center", color ="#fa8f02",dotsize =0.5)+theme_dark()+labs(x ="Day",y ="Number of Shoppers",title ="Shopping on Friday the 13th",caption ="https://www.openintro.org/data/index.php?data=friday")
Bin width defaults to 1/30 of the range of the data. Pick better value with
`binwidth`.
Create third data frame for accidents
acc <- fri[56:61, 1:4]acc
# A tibble: 6 × 4
type date sixth thirteenth
<chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 accident 1989, October 9 13
2 accident 1990, July 6 12
3 accident 1991, September 11 14
4 accident 1991, December 11 10
5 accident 1992, March 3 4
6 accident 1992, November 5 12
Create the five number summaries for accidents
data5 <- acc$sixthfivenum(data5)
[1] 3.0 5.0 7.5 11.0 11.0
data6 <- acc$thirteenthfivenum(data6)
[1] 4 10 12 13 14
Create a percentage change in accidents from the 6th to the 13th
sum(12-7.5)/12*100
[1] 37.5
Create accident boxplots comparing 6th and 13th
img3 <-readJPEG("fri3.jpg")accl <- acc |>pivot_longer(cols =3:4,names_to ="days",values_to ="patients")ggplot(accl, aes(x=days, y = patients))+background_image(img3)+geom_boxplot(color ="#fa8f02", alpha = .2,)+geom_dotplot(binaxis ="y", stackdir ="center", color ="#fa8f02", dotsize =0.5)+theme_dark()+labs(x ="Day",y ="Number of Emergency Patients in Hospital",title ="Accidents on Friday The 13th",caption ="https://www.openintro.org/data/index.php?data=friday")
Bin width defaults to 1/30 of the range of the data. Pick better value with
`binwidth`.
Create Friday the 13th Summary
The data in this data set leans toward no impact or not significant as far as Friday the 13th having an effect on our behavior. For the daily mundane activities of traffic and shopping the change from the 6th to th 13th was minimal at best. However, when it came to emergency accidents there was a significant change of 37.5% more patients on the 13th. This could be because the supernatural has it out for us or that we change our behaviors and that in turn causes more accidents. With a change of behavior, we may be more susceptible to accidents since we are not staying in our normal routine. For further study, I would love to see many more years of data as well as more behaviours that are studied. Do people go out less on Friday evenings of Fri 13th, Do people visit cemeteries less on Fri 13th, Is there an uptick in horror movie viewers on a Fri 13th. All these would be potential variables that would give a sense of if we are changing our behavior due to a special(superstitious) day.
Resources
The source of this data set was found on openintro.org and comes from Scanlon, T.J., Luben, R.N., Scanlon, F.L., Singleton, N. (1993), “Is Friday the 13th Bad For Your Health?,” BMJ, 307, 1584-1586. https://dasl.datadescription.com/datafile/friday-the-13th-traffic and https://dasl.datadescription.com/datafile/friday-the-13th-accidents.
photo 1 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmrwallpaper.com%2Ffriday-the-13th&psig=AOvVaw3IAokgNA4uQLk3ATOUgf2h&ust=1729712493040000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBQQjRxqFwoTCNiDkbDfookDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAd from mrwallpaper.com
photo 2 https://halloween-year-round.com/2024/02/13/friday-the-13th-2009-is-still-a-solid-remake-15-years-later/ from F13TheGame
photo 3 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpngtree.com%2Ffree-backgrounds-photos%2Ffriday-13th&psig=AOvVaw1s9vIg3fphC7AlkPR8aEmy&ust=1729715582844000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBQQjRxqFwoTCOC3ve7qookDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAc from Pngtree
