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This is a Notebook exploring a Biochemical Oxygen Demand dataset.

The dataset wwill be explored using basic R commands and outputs will be explained as follows.

View(BOD)

The output shows a table containing - 6 rows - 2 columns labelled “Time” and “demand”

head(BOD, n = 3)

The output above shows the time in days and their corresponding biological oxygen demand e.g Day 1 had a biological oxygen demand of 8.3. The head function selects the first three rows of the table.

summary(mtcars$mpg)
##    Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
##   10.40   15.43   19.20   20.09   22.80   33.90

The output shows the summary statisitcs of the mtcars dataset where the min value = 10.40 and max value = 33.90, the mean = 20.09, median = 19.20 and the first quartile = 15.43 ans third quartile = 22.80.

summary(c(3,2,1,2,4,6))
##    Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
##    1.00    2.00    2.50    3.00    3.75    6.00

The output shows the summary statistics of a vector created using the values above. The function used above is called the combine function which combines the values to reproduce a vector.

str(c(1,2,3,4))
##  num [1:4] 1 2 3 4

The output shows the length of the created vector and the values inside the vector.

str(c("Mon", "Tue","Wed","Thurs"))
##  chr [1:4] "Mon" "Tue" "Wed" "Thurs"

The output displays a character vector containing strings. It shows the length of the vector and displays the characters in the vector.

head(c("Mon", "Tue","Wed","Thurs"),2)
## [1] "Mon" "Tue"

The output shows the first row of the dataset with the selected first 2 elements of the table.

tail(c("Mon", "Tue","Wed","Thurs"),2)
## [1] "Wed"   "Thurs"

The output shows the last 2 strings in the table.

class(76.25L)
## [1] "numeric"

The output shows the word numeric which shows class type of the value given above. The given value is a float and not integer value.