Memory score description

Histograms

Presents (a) histogram of UDS3M+ and (b) histograms by CDR Global (0 or .5). It is normally distributed. The scale is based on the development sample, which included impaired individuals. As a result, the UDS3M+ within DVCID has a positive mean (.68), and ranges from -1.4 to 2.7. The mean in the original sample is 0 and ranges from about -3 to 3.

##    vars   n mean   sd median trimmed  mad   min  max range skew kurtosis   se
## X1    1 459 1.02 0.72      1    1.02 0.71 -1.25 3.07  4.32 0.05     0.18 0.03

Memory score by task

CERAD UDS3M+ is much lower than other tasks. Does not seem to be because of age, edu, moca total, % demented, CDR, language, WMHs. At this point I believe that the lower CERAD scores are might be due to a specific site(s), but I do not have site information. The graph is in English speaking participants only.

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by Task. All groups are compared to CERAD
## 
## |                |  Estimate| Std. Error|  t value|  Pvalue|
## |:---------------|---------:|----------:|--------:|-------:|
## |(Intercept)     | 0.6067959|  0.0971612| 6.245250| 0.0e+00|
## |CVLT16 vs CERAD | 0.6206586|  0.1212305| 5.119659| 5.0e-07|
## |HVLT vs CERAD   | 0.5075660|  0.1079029| 4.703915| 3.5e-06|
## |RAVLT vs CERAD  | 0.5807776|  0.1274475| 4.556995| 6.9e-06|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by task, controling for age, sex, education, cdr sum of boxes (English only)
## 
## |                |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:---------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)     |  0.9200502|  0.4393275|  2.094224| 0.0368611|
## |CVLT16 vs CERAD |  0.6080065|  0.1090234|  5.576842| 0.0000000|
## |HVLT vs CERAD   |  0.4943626|  0.0966054|  5.117339| 0.0000005|
## |RAVLT vs CERAD  |  0.5893266|  0.1136355|  5.186115| 0.0000003|
## |age             | -0.0120596|  0.0050262| -2.399335| 0.0168759|
## |Sex (F)         |  0.1963333|  0.0642228|  3.057067| 0.0023833|
## |CDRSUM          | -0.3556553|  0.0433785| -8.198878| 0.0000000|
## |EDUC            |  0.0377479|  0.0125266|  3.013411| 0.0027456|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by task, controling for age, sex, cdr sum of boxes, education, AND Ptau181  (English only)
## 
## |                |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:---------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)     |  0.7478981|  0.4407733|  1.696786| 0.0905073|
## |CVLT16 vs CERAD |  0.5919011|  0.1083746|  5.461620| 0.0000001|
## |HVLT vs CERAD   |  0.4606222|  0.0967101|  4.762916| 0.0000027|
## |RAVLT vs CERAD  |  0.5789201|  0.1128515|  5.129926| 0.0000005|
## |age             | -0.0092746|  0.0050964| -1.819842| 0.0695230|
## |Sex (F)         |  0.1607962|  0.0651151|  2.469413| 0.0139460|
## |CDRSUM          | -0.3427037|  0.0433258| -7.909931| 0.0000000|
## |ptau181_scale   | -0.1002415|  0.0375248| -2.671338| 0.0078604|
## |EDUC            |  0.0380001|  0.0124332|  3.056354| 0.0023892|

Langauge

There are 43 participants with Spanish as their primary language and 415 with English. The Spanish speaking group has significantly lower UDS3M+ scores; this difference is somewhat attenuated (beta = -.67 vs -.57) when controlling for various covariates (age, education, sex, cdr sb). Below are (a) histogram of score by language; (b, c) regressions; the formula is printed first, followed by the output. NPSYLAN = language.

## [1] "English description"
##    vars   n mean  sd median trimmed  mad   min  max range skew kurtosis   se
## X1    1 415 1.09 0.7   1.04    1.08 0.67 -1.13 3.06  4.19 0.07     0.09 0.03
## [1] "Spanish description"
##    vars  n mean   sd median trimmed  mad  min  max range  skew kurtosis   se
## X1    1 43  0.3 0.61   0.49    0.36 0.47 -1.3 1.41   2.7 -0.88     0.39 0.09

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicated by language (English vs Spanish)
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|  t value| Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|--------:|------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  1.0904096|  0.0340818| 31.99393|      0|
## |Language (Spanish) | -0.7895259|  0.1112297| -7.09816|      0|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by langauge, controling for age, sex, edu, cdr sum of boxes
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  1.3101860|  0.4120370|  3.179778| 0.0015756|
## |Language (Spanish) | -0.6748720|  0.1075585| -6.274464| 0.0000000|
## |Sex (F)            |  0.1518377|  0.0632347|  2.401176| 0.0167473|
## |age                | -0.0123681|  0.0048618| -2.543946| 0.0112941|
## |EDUC               |  0.0462402|  0.0121981|  3.790774| 0.0001706|
## |CDRSUM             | -0.3551532|  0.0428023| -8.297518| 0.0000000|

Site

New results here. Still finalizing. This is just basic setup.

Cerad

HVLT

ravlt

cvlt-16

Deeper dive into CERAD

cerad cvlt-16 hvlt ravlt p test
n 49 88 210 68
UDS3M (mean (SD)) 0.61 (0.57) 1.23 (0.66) 1.11 (0.69) 1.19 (0.74) <0.001
CDRSUM (mean (SD)) 0.34 (0.72) 0.38 (0.77) 0.36 (0.71) 0.41 (0.61) 0.938
age (mean (SD)) 76.39 (6.03) 75.69 (6.23) 74.14 (6.00) 75.00 (5.56) 0.048
EDUC (mean (SD)) 15.78 (2.66) 16.98 (2.51) 15.78 (2.40) 16.10 (2.53) 0.002
SEX = 2 (%) 33 (67.3) 54 (61.4) 137 (65.2) 42 (61.8) 0.852
site_id_factor (%) <0.001
4 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 64 (30.5) 0 ( 0.0)
9 0 ( 0.0) 17 (19.3) 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0)
16 10 (20.4) 0 ( 0.0) 69 (32.9) 0 ( 0.0)
18 15 (30.6) 24 (27.3) 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0)
19 0 ( 0.0) 40 (45.5) 0 ( 0.0) 2 ( 2.9)
21 24 (49.0) 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0)
30 0 ( 0.0) 7 ( 8.0) 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0)
37 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 24 (35.3)
42 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 41 (60.3)
43 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 10 ( 4.8) 1 ( 1.5)
67 0 ( 0.0) 0 ( 0.0) 67 (31.9) 0 ( 0.0)
ptau181_scale (mean (SD)) 0.25 (1.00) 0.10 (0.83) -0.14 (0.78) 0.14 (0.85) 0.004
Abeta42_scale (mean (SD)) -0.04 (1.20) -0.05 (0.98) 0.10 (0.90) -0.11 (0.98) 0.333
trails_b (mean (SD)) 95.73 (48.59) 95.21 (52.85) 101.75 (55.28) 92.93 (55.03) 0.594
CRAFTDVR (mean (SD)) 19.06 (7.48) 18.25 (7.26) 17.52 (9.11) 19.38 (6.31) 0.332
UDSVERFC (mean (SD)) 14.73 (3.55) 16.08 (4.82) 13.69 (4.38) 15.40 (4.85) <0.001
ANIMALS (mean (SD)) 19.71 (4.08) 19.60 (5.93) 19.60 (5.34) 20.91 (4.88) 0.330
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicated by language (English vs Spanish)
## 
## |                   |  Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|---------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        | 0.4723000|  0.1751801| 2.6960826| 0.0097685|
## |Language (Spanish) | 0.3722333|  0.2261565| 1.6459102| 0.1065989|
## |site_id_factor21   | 0.0419500|  0.2085060| 0.2011932| 0.8414345|

Heatmap

Provides pearson correlation between the UDS3M+ and various outcomes within the full sample. Trails A and B have NOT been reverse scored; negative correlations are expected.

Heatmap: Full sample

## [1] "Values in heatmap are: Correlation (no covariates). Spearman used for spearman.list, pearson for other variables"

Heatmap (CDR 0.5)

## [1] "Values in heatmap are: Correlation (no covariates). Spearman used for spearman.list, pearson for other variables"

Fmem by CDR sum of boxes

There is a limited range of CDR sbs, but there is still a nice, negative correlation with the UDS3M+: r= -.34 [-0.43 -0.27].

Ptau

Raw units:

Histogram of Ptau in raw units.

##                   vars   n  mean    sd median trimmed   mad  min    max  range
## ptau181 raw units    1 459 31.07 15.74  28.41   28.96 11.15 7.65 146.99 139.34
##                   skew kurtosis   se
## ptau181 raw units 3.03    15.85 0.73

Scaled units:

Histogram of Ptau in scaled units with windsorized values. Plot of Ptau X memory in scaled units.

Presents series of regression formulas followed by outputs. Fmem_bayes3 is the UDS3M+.

We found an interesting interaction where the association between UDS3M+ and Ptau differs by CDR global score. There is a more negative relationship within the CDR global .5 group as compared to the 0 group. This interaction (Ptau X CDR global) is significant: b=-.16, p=.03 while controlling for age, education, and sex.

##                                vars   n  mean   sd median trimmed  mad   min
## ptau181 scaled and windsorized    1 459 -0.04 0.83  -0.17   -0.14 0.71 -1.49
##                                max range skew kurtosis   se
## ptau181 scaled and windsorized   3  4.49 1.33     2.32 0.04
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by ptau 181 (scaled), controling for CDR global, age, sex, education
## 
## |                 |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:----------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)      |  0.4658244|  0.4198902|  1.109396| 0.2678507|
## |ptau181_scale    | -0.0926956|  0.0383116| -2.419518| 0.0159356|
## |CDR Global (0.5) | -0.5337764|  0.0667314| -7.998884| 0.0000000|
## |age              | -0.0089070|  0.0051004| -1.746313| 0.0814374|
## |Sex (F)          |  0.1567103|  0.0657203|  2.384505| 0.0175145|
## |EDUC             |  0.0804660|  0.0116169|  6.926638| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by the interaction of ptau181 (scale) and CDR global score, controling for age, sex, education
## 
## |                                       |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:--------------------------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)                            |  0.4344505|  0.4186217|  1.0378118| 0.2999150|
## |ptau181_scale                          | -0.0392107|  0.0460230| -0.8519802| 0.3946782|
## |CDR Global (0.5)                       | -0.5277854|  0.0665489| -7.9307885| 0.0000000|
## |age                                    | -0.0085231|  0.0050851| -1.6760942| 0.0944143|
## |Sex (F)                                |  0.1559226|  0.0654803|  2.3812136| 0.0176707|
## |EDUC                                   |  0.0810177|  0.0115773|  6.9979671| 0.0000000|
## |Ptau181 x CDR Global (0.5) interaction | -0.1596502|  0.0767483| -2.0801801| 0.0380743|
## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_smooth()`).
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values or values outside the scale range
## (`geom_point()`).

Imaging

Most analyses below control for age, education, and TIV.

Hippocampal Volume. Avg. left and right hippocamus; Z scored.

No significant association between hippocampal volume and UDS3M+ in full sample. Controlling for language slightly improves this finding (trending: b=.07, p=.06).

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, controling for age, TIV, education
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  1.6150196|  0.5218772|  3.094635| 0.0020957|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.0848723|  0.0387867|  2.188181| 0.0291793|
## |age                | -0.0103164|  0.0057194| -1.803765| 0.0719488|
## |TIV                | -0.0010385|  0.0003253| -3.192862| 0.0015093|
## |EDUC               |  0.0894459|  0.0129184|  6.923930| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, controling for TIV, education. [not age]
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  0.9710657|  0.3816282|  2.544533| 0.0112807|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.1064494|  0.0369897|  2.877813| 0.0041980|
## |TIV                | -0.0011321|  0.0003219| -3.516603| 0.0004822|
## |EDUC               |  0.0883955|  0.0129380|  6.832225| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, controling for age, TIV, education, language
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  2.4311524|  0.5175255|  4.697648| 0.0000035|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.1120497|  0.0378808|  2.957954| 0.0032638|
## |age                | -0.0111352|  0.0054962| -2.025964| 0.0433714|
## |TIV                | -0.0012929|  0.0003153| -4.100670| 0.0000491|
## |EDUC               |  0.0649351|  0.0130100|  4.991187| 0.0000009|
## |Langauge (Spanish) | -0.7382098|  0.1181592| -6.247586| 0.0000000|

Hippocampal Volume. Avg. left and right hippocamus; Z scored. In subsample of CDR 0.5.

No significant association between hippocampal volume and UDS3M+ in full sample.

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, age, TIV, education, in CDR 0.5
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  0.7814603|  0.8302597|  0.9412240| 0.3483770|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.1056375|  0.0610564|  1.7301625| 0.0860305|
## |age                | -0.0143885|  0.0090693| -1.5865059| 0.1151113|
## |TIV                | -0.0004340|  0.0005730| -0.7574691| 0.4501720|
## |EDUC               |  0.0919435|  0.0209998|  4.3783094| 0.0000247|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, TIV, education, in CDR 0.5
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        | -0.0401951|  0.6527625| -0.0615768| 0.9509959|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.1322055|  0.0590619|  2.2384244| 0.0269211|
## |cerebrum_all_tcv   | -0.0006376|  0.0005618| -1.1350497| 0.2584755|
## |TIV                |  0.0909363|  0.0211142|  4.3068825| 0.0000327|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, TIV, age, langauge, education, in CDR 0.5
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  1.2624457|  0.8560521|  1.4747300| 0.1427795|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.1303092|  0.0616383|  2.1140960| 0.0364780|
## |age                | -0.0141373|  0.0089676| -1.5764758| 0.1174237|
## |TIV                | -0.0005636|  0.0005703| -0.9882523| 0.3249231|
## |EDUC               |  0.0853940|  0.0210241|  4.0617234| 0.0000850|
## |Language (Spanish) | -0.2299759|  0.1161333| -1.9802745| 0.0498515|

Hippocampal Volume. Avg. left and right hippocamus; Z scored. Elevated PTau subsample

Significant associations between UDS3M+ and Ptau within this high PTau group (n=46)

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, age, TIV, education, in high PTau group
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  4.1220765|  1.8955001|  2.174664| 0.0356274|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.2983415|  0.0981627|  3.039255| 0.0041677|
## |age                | -0.0227233|  0.0170306| -1.334263| 0.1896642|
## |TIV                | -0.0024514|  0.0009173| -2.672372| 0.0108450|
## |EDUC               |  0.0855577|  0.0372390|  2.297533| 0.0268986|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, TIV, education, in high ptau group
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  2.2191685|  1.2603893|  1.760701| 0.0857469|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.3164684|  0.0981387|  3.224704| 0.0024770|
## |TIV                | -0.0023620|  0.0009235| -2.557638| 0.0143332|
## |EDUC               |  0.0879091|  0.0375495|  2.341150| 0.0241667|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg hippocampal volume, TIV, age, langauge, education, in high ptau group
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  4.1197658|  1.9211801|  2.1443934| 0.0382907|
## |Hippocampal Volume |  0.2993053|  0.1045059|  2.8640042| 0.0067017|
## |age                | -0.0226408|  0.0174671| -1.2961963| 0.2025261|
## |TIV                | -0.0024518|  0.0009291| -2.6389136| 0.0118915|
## |EDUC               |  0.0855891|  0.0377275|  2.2686133| 0.0289046|
## |Language (Spanish) | -0.0044202|  0.1478132| -0.0299038| 0.9762963|

entorhinal and UDS3M+

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg entorhinal volume, age, TIV, education
## 
## |                  |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:-----------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)       |  1.1939928|  0.5315336|  2.246317| 0.0251768|
## |Entorhinal Volume |  0.1639308|  0.0717832|  2.283694| 0.0228631|
## |age               | -0.0121739|  0.0055082| -2.210144| 0.0276068|
## |TIV               | -0.0011302|  0.0003441| -3.284785| 0.0011018|
## |EDUC              |  0.0898597|  0.0129207|  6.954691| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg entorhinal volume, TIV, education
## 
## |                  |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:-----------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)       |  0.2863286|  0.3389213|  0.8448232| 0.3986656|
## |Entorhinal Volume |  0.1891840|  0.0711780|  2.6579006| 0.0081473|
## |TIV               | -0.0011977|  0.0003442| -3.4797102| 0.0005517|
## |EDUC              |  0.0883539|  0.0129592|  6.8178476| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg entorhinal volume, TIV, age, langauge, education
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  1.8051598|  0.5468366|  3.301096| 0.0010413|
## |Entorhinal Volume  |  0.1988322|  0.0712588|  2.790284| 0.0054945|
## |age                | -0.0126226|  0.0054249| -2.326771| 0.0204295|
## |TIV                | -0.0012630|  0.0003405| -3.708957| 0.0002347|
## |EDUC               |  0.0779671|  0.0130908|  5.955889| 0.0000000|
## |Language (Spanish) | -0.3470129|  0.0899613| -3.857359| 0.0001317|

parahippocampal and UDS3M+

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg parahippocampal volume, age, TIV, education
## 
## |                       |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:----------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)            |  1.2745942|  0.5797757|  2.1984265| 0.0284363|
## |Parahippocampus Volume |  0.0740678|  0.0964185|  0.7681906| 0.4427842|
## |age                    | -0.0131461|  0.0056284| -2.3356881| 0.0199539|
## |TIV                    | -0.0007999|  0.0003356| -2.3839393| 0.0175496|
## |EDUC                   |  0.0881275|  0.0129642|  6.7977685| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg parahippocampal volume, TIV, education
## 
## |                       |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:----------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)            |  0.2282084|  0.3698634|  0.6170072| 0.5375469|
## |Parahippocampus Volume |  0.1277199|  0.0941120|  1.3571053| 0.1754388|
## |TIV                    | -0.0009011|  0.0003344| -2.6944155| 0.0073192|
## |EDUC                   |  0.0863132|  0.0130058|  6.6365153| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by avg parahippocampal volume, TIV, age, langauge, education
## 
## |                       |   Estimate| Std. Error|   t value|    Pvalue|
## |:----------------------|----------:|----------:|---------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)            |  1.8327112|  0.5932275|  3.089390| 0.0021325|
## |Parahippocampus Volume |  0.0977753|  0.0953957|  1.024945| 0.3059511|
## |age                    | -0.0136273|  0.0055568| -2.452369| 0.0145784|
## |TIV                    | -0.0008761|  0.0003319| -2.639937| 0.0085862|
## |EDUC                   |  0.0767733|  0.0131853|  5.822647| 0.0000000|
## |Language (Spanish)     | -0.3215746|  0.0901293| -3.567927| 0.0003993|

WMHs.Log transformed due to heavy skew.

No significant association in full sample.

## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by white matter hyperintensity volume
## 
## |            |   Estimate| Std. Error|  t value|    Pvalue|
## |:-----------|----------:|----------:|--------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept) |  1.0354639|  0.0361334| 28.65671| 0.0000000|
## |WMH Volume  | -0.0244749|  0.0224057| -1.09235| 0.2752701|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by white matter hyperintensity volume, age, TIV, education
## 
## |            |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:-----------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept) |  1.4183957|  0.5558869|  2.5515906| 0.0110604|
## |WMH Volume  | -0.0061932|  0.0232347| -0.2665507| 0.7899400|
## |age         | -0.0134880|  0.0059539| -2.2653975| 0.0239736|
## |TIV         | -0.0006472|  0.0002779| -2.3286316| 0.0203307|
## |EDUC        |  0.0879937|  0.0130198|  6.7584543| 0.0000000|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by white matter hyperintensity volume, age, TIV, education, language
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  1.9923419|  0.5725869|  3.4795448| 0.0005525|
## |WMH Volume         | -0.0116136|  0.0229919| -0.5051164| 0.6137306|
## |age                | -0.0137674|  0.0058790| -2.3418047| 0.0196370|
## |TIV                | -0.0006719|  0.0002745| -2.4476456| 0.0147700|
## |EDUC               |  0.0767009|  0.0132497|  5.7888825| 0.0000000|
## |Language (Spanish) | -0.3179274|  0.0903940| -3.5171288| 0.0004817|

WMHs.Log transformed due to heavy skew. Subsample with 0.5 CDR

No significant association in CDR 0.5 subsample.

## [1] "fmem_bayes3~wmh_log"
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = fml, data = df.ggplot.0.5)
## 
## Residuals:
##      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
## -1.89831 -0.43658 -0.06805  0.40408  2.04984 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  0.62384    0.06947   8.980 2.52e-15 ***
## wmh_log     -0.04849    0.04080  -1.189    0.237    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.7312 on 131 degrees of freedom
##   (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared:  0.01067,    Adjusted R-squared:  0.003116 
## F-statistic: 1.413 on 1 and 131 DF,  p-value: 0.2368
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by white matter hyperintensity volume, age, TIV, education
## 
## |            |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:-----------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept) |  0.2155831|  0.9199575|  0.2343403| 0.8150982|
## |WMH Volume  | -0.0344937|  0.0439626| -0.7846152| 0.4341403|
## |age         | -0.0155415|  0.0096407| -1.6120759| 0.1094278|
## |TIV         |  0.0001765|  0.0005245|  0.3365237| 0.7370314|
## |EDUC        |  0.0878024|  0.0212686|  4.1282658| 0.0000657|
## 
## 
## Table: UDS3M+ predicted by white matter hyperintensity volume, age, TIV, education, language
## 
## |                   |   Estimate| Std. Error|    t value|    Pvalue|
## |:------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|---------:|
## |(Intercept)        |  0.5177137|  0.9328248|  0.5549957| 0.5798815|
## |WMH Volume         | -0.0393491|  0.0437841| -0.8987074| 0.3705227|
## |age                | -0.0157335|  0.0095798| -1.6423547| 0.1030100|
## |TIV                |  0.0001802|  0.0005211|  0.3457231| 0.7301274|
## |EDUC               |  0.0818629|  0.0214470|  3.8169944| 0.0002107|
## |Language (Spanish) | -0.1877811|  0.1156304| -1.6239774| 0.1068797|