Characteristic |
N = 672 1 |
|---|---|
| ID | 337 (194) |
| Age (years) | 67 (10) |
| Gender | |
| F | 114 (17%) |
| M | 558 (83%) |
| Weight (kg) | 80 (16) |
| Height (cm) | 170 (8) |
| ICD | 348 (52%) |
| CRT | 184 (27%) |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 238 (36%) |
| Hypertension | 532 (80%) |
| History of Atrial Fibrillation | 230 (34%) |
| SR | 450 (67%) |
| Non-ischaemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy | 302 (45%) |
| Ischaemic Heart Disease | 352 (53%) |
| 1
Mean (SD); n (%) |
|
Entresto Multi
Table 1
Main general features
Table 2
Clinical and Lab data variation over time
Characteristic |
Baseline |
12 Months |
Last Follow-up |
p-value 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ID | 337 (194) | 337 (194) | 337 (194) | >0.9 |
| NYHA Functional Class | <0.001 | |||
| 1 | 36 (5.4%) | 130 (20%) | 194 (30%) | |
| 2 | 406 (60%) | 424 (65%) | 358 (56%) | |
| 3 | 228 (34%) | 92 (14%) | 88 (14%) | |
| 4 | 2 (0.3%) | 2 (0.3%) | 4 (0.6%) | |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 126 (16) | 120 (16) | 119 (15) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 74 (10) | 70 (10) | 70 (10) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/mL) | 1.14 (0.36) | 1.17 (0.43) | 1.37 (0.82) | <0.001 |
| Sodium (mEq/mL) | 139.36 (3.49) | 139.73 (3.54) | 139.58 (3.29) | 0.022 |
| Potassium (mEq/mL) | 4.28 (0.47) | 4.37 (0.40) | 4.48 (0.49) | <0.001 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.48 (1.66) | 13.42 (1.73) | 13.65 (1.95) | 0.10 |
| NTproBNP (pg/mL) | 1,045 (500 - 2,122) | 712 (300 - 1,400) | 642 (186 - 1,874) | <0.001 |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 219 (97 - 488) | 172 (119 - 245) | 165 (143 - 240) | 0.12 |
| 6 Minute Walking Test (m) | 284 (79) | 341 (75) | 362 (76) | <0.001 |
| Kansas City Cardiomiopathy Questionnarie Score | 52 (15) | 63 (14) | 66 (15) | <0.001 |
| Sacubitril/Valsartan Dose | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 0 (0%) | 64 (9.5%) | 82 (12%) | |
| 24/26 | 474 (71%) | 240 (36%) | 200 (30%) | |
| 49/51 | 136 (20%) | 202 (30%) | 168 (25%) | |
| 97/103 | 62 (9.2%) | 166 (25%) | 222 (33%) | |
| Beta-Blockade Therapy | 488 (92%) | 484 (91%) | 474 (91%) | >0.9 |
| Mineral Receptor Antagonist Therapy | 368 (70%) | 386 (75%) | 390 (78%) | 0.012 |
| Ivabradine Therapy | >0.9 | |||
| 0 | 478 (90%) | 456 (88%) | 442 (88%) | |
| 1 | 52 (9.8%) | 58 (11%) | 56 (11%) | |
| o | 2 (0.4%) | 2 (0.4%) | 2 (0.4%) | |
| Digoxin Teraphy | 54 (10%) | 52 (10%) | 58 (12%) | 0.7 |
| 1
Mean (SD); n (%); Median (Q1 - Q3) |
||||
| 2
Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test |
||||
Table 3
Echo parameters over time
Characteristic |
Baseline |
12 Months |
Last FollowUp |
p-value 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ID | 336 (195) | 336 (195) | 336 (195) | >0.9 |
| Left Ventricle EndDiastolic Volume (mL) | 175 (64) | 166 (63) | 157 (69) | <0.001 |
| Left Ventricle EndSystolic Volume (mL) | 120 (56) | 107 (51) | 104 (53) | <0.001 |
| Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction (%) | 31 (7) | 36 (8) | 37 (9) | <0.001 |
| E/e' Ratio | 13.5 (6.0) | 11.9 (4.6) | 11.3 (4.6) | <0.001 |
| Mean Mitral S' (cm/s) | 6.65 (2.41) | 6.91 (2.46) | 7.27 (2.98) | 0.055 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 19.3 (4.1) | 19.8 (3.9) | 20.2 (4.3) | 0.001 |
| Tricuspid S' (cm/s) | 10.42 (2.32) | 11.31 (5.11) | 11.37 (2.54) | <0.001 |
| sPAP (mmHg) | 34 (10) | 32 (10) | 32 (9) | 0.003 |
| Left Atrial Volume (mL) | 68 (31) | 66 (30) | 63 (29) | 0.061 |
| Global Longitudinal Strain (%) | -10.6 (3.1) | -12.2 (3.0) | -13.9 (2.8) | <0.001 |
| 1
Mean (SD) |
||||
| 2
Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test |
||||
Table 4
Events at follow-up
Characteristic |
N = 672 1 |
|---|---|
| All-Cause Death | 36 (5.4%) |
| HF Hospitalization | 140 (21%) |
| New Onset Atrial FIbrillation | 136 (20%) |
| Major Cardiovascular Events | 232 (35%) |
| Follow Up (days) | 1,142 (554) |
| 1
n (%); Mean (SD) |
|
Table 5
Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression (MACE)
Characteristic |
N |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 672 | 1.03 | 1.02, 1.04 | <0.001 |
| Baseline GLS (%) | 408 | 0.89 | 0.84, 0.94 | <0.001 |
| Change in GLS | 366 | 0.65 | 0.57, 0.74 | <0.001 |
| Baseline LVEF (%) | 672 | 1.01 | 0.99, 1.03 | 0.30 |
| Change in LVEF | 652 | 0.98 | 0.96, 1.00 | 0.026 |
| Baseline 6MWT (m) | 354 | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.00 | 0.19 |
| Baseline KCCQ Score | 350 | 1.03 | 1.02, 1.04 | <0.001 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 332 | 0.93 | 0.91, 0.94 | <0.001 |
| Baseline TAPSE (mm) | 618 | 0.98 | 0.95, 1.01 | 0.19 |
| Baseline LAV (mL) | 474 | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.00 | 0.28 |
| Baseline Creatinine (mg/dL) | 454 | 1.43 | 0.94, 2.17 | 0.094 |
| Baseline NTproBNP (pg/mL) | 530 | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.00 | 0.42 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 450 | 1.63 | 1.32, 2.02 | <0.001 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
||||
Characteristic |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 1.02 | 0.99, 1.05 | 0.19 |
| Change in GLS | 0.63 | 0.52, 0.75 | <0.001 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 1.62 | 1.12, 2.35 | 0.010 |
| Change in LVEF | 1.00 | 0.96, 1.05 | 0.96 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 0.94 | 0.91, 0.96 | <0.001 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
|||
Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression (Death)
Characteristic |
N |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 672 | 1.10 | 1.06, 1.14 | <0.001 |
| Baseline GLS (%) | 408 | 0.98 | 0.86, 1.12 | 0.78 |
| Change in GLS | 366 | 0.56 | 0.42, 0.74 | <0.001 |
| Baseline LVEF (%) | 672 | 1.00 | 0.95, 1.05 | >0.99 |
| Change in LVEF | 652 | 0.95 | 0.90, 1.01 | 0.085 |
| Baseline 6MWT (m) | 354 | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.01 | >0.99 |
| Baseline KCCQ Score | 350 | 1.00 | 0.97, 1.04 | 0.84 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 332 | 0.96 | 0.92, 1.00 | 0.075 |
| Baseline TAPSE (mm) | 618 | 0.87 | 0.80, 0.94 | <0.001 |
| Baseline LAV (mL) | 474 | 1.01 | 1.00, 1.02 | 0.21 |
| Baseline Creatinine (mg/dL) | 454 | 2.65 | 1.34, 5.28 | 0.005 |
| Baseline NTproBNP (pg/mL) | 530 | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 450 | 1.15 | 0.72, 1.82 | 0.56 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
||||
Characteristic |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 1.17 | 1.08, 1.27 | <0.001 |
| Change in GLS | 0.37 | 0.24, 0.58 | <0.001 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 1.49 | 0.59, 3.72 | 0.40 |
| Change in LVEF | 1.00 | 0.90, 1.10 | 0.93 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 0.99 | 0.93, 1.06 | 0.79 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
|||
Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression (HF Hosp)
Characteristic |
N |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 672 | 1.03 | 1.01, 1.05 | <0.001 |
| Baseline GLS (%) | 408 | 0.99 | 0.92, 1.07 | 0.76 |
| Change in GLS | 366 | 0.73 | 0.62, 0.86 | <0.001 |
| Baseline LVEF (%) | 672 | 1.00 | 0.97, 1.02 | 0.88 |
| Change in LVEF | 652 | 0.95 | 0.92, 0.98 | <0.001 |
| Baseline 6MWT (m) | 354 | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.01 | 0.25 |
| Baseline KCCQ Score | 350 | 1.03 | 1.01, 1.05 | <0.001 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 332 | 0.93 | 0.91, 0.96 | <0.001 |
| Baseline TAPSE (mm) | 618 | 0.96 | 0.93, 1.00 | 0.079 |
| Baseline LAV (mL) | 474 | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.00 | 0.60 |
| Baseline Creatinine (mg/dL) | 454 | 1.60 | 0.95, 2.72 | 0.080 |
| Baseline NTproBNP (pg/mL) | 530 | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.00 | 0.059 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 450 | 1.63 | 1.24, 2.15 | <0.001 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
||||
Characteristic |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 1.02 | 0.98, 1.05 | 0.32 |
| Change in GLS | 0.73 | 0.57, 0.92 | 0.007 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 1.36 | 0.85, 2.16 | 0.20 |
| Change in LVEF | 1.00 | 0.93, 1.07 | >0.99 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 0.93 | 0.90, 0.96 | <0.001 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
|||
Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression (AF)
Characteristic |
N |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 672 | 1.04 | 1.02, 1.05 | <0.001 |
| Baseline GLS (%) | 408 | 0.85 | 0.79, 0.91 | <0.001 |
| Change in GLS | 366 | 0.65 | 0.55, 0.76 | <0.001 |
| Baseline LVEF (%) | 672 | 1.04 | 1.01, 1.06 | 0.005 |
| Change in LVEF | 652 | 0.99 | 0.96, 1.01 | 0.28 |
| Baseline 6MWT (m) | 354 | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.00 | 0.63 |
| Baseline KCCQ Score | 350 | 1.03 | 1.02, 1.05 | <0.001 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 332 | 0.93 | 0.91, 0.94 | <0.001 |
| Baseline TAPSE (mm) | 618 | 1.02 | 0.97, 1.06 | 0.48 |
| Baseline LAV (mL) | 474 | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.00 | 0.36 |
| Baseline Creatinine (mg/dL) | 454 | 0.91 | 0.49, 1.68 | 0.76 |
| Baseline NTproBNP (pg/mL) | 530 | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.00 | 0.88 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 450 | 1.78 | 1.37, 2.30 | <0.001 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
||||
Characteristic |
HR 1 |
95% CI 1 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 1.02 | 0.98, 1.05 | 0.34 |
| Change in GLS | 0.64 | 0.51, 0.80 | <0.001 |
| Log Change in NTProBNP | 1.73 | 1.09, 2.74 | 0.020 |
| Change in LVEF | 1.01 | 0.95, 1.06 | 0.82 |
| Change in KCCQ Score | 0.94 | 0.91, 0.96 | <0.001 |
| 1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval |
|||
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
survival analysis (MACE)
survival analysis (death)
survival analysis (HF hospitalization)
survival analysis (AF)
