AMR PRODUCTS
Claudia Agyeere
2024-09-11
Introduction to AMR
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global
health threat, responsible for 1.27 million deaths in 2019 and
contributing to 4.95 million deaths (AMR Collaborators, 2022).
In this R markdown document we will be discussing the WHO AMR Products Data.
The WHO AMR Products pipeline tracks efforts to develop new treatments for resistant infections. Our analysis highlights progress and challenges in creating antimicrobial products to combat resistance.
The data used in this document can be found below
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/HackBio-Internship/public_datasets/main/R/WHO_AMR_PRODUCTS_DATA.tsv
Product Type
The Product type represents the classification of
the antimicrobial product, which can be seen in the graph.
Figure 1 shows 383 383
traditional antibiotics and
283 non-traditional products in the pipeline. While many
efforts focus on improving conventional antibiotics, nearly half explore
innovative approaches like bacteriophages, probiotics, and immune
modulators, balancing existing treatments with new strategies.
Figure 1. Showing the Distribution of Product Type
R & D
The Research and Development (R&D) phase in
AMR products are crucial because they ensure that new treatments are
safe, effective, and ready for use.
Figure 2. shows the distribution of each R&D phase Whilst Figure 3. highlights the fact that only 27 products got to Pregresitration phase. Which makes it obvious that “BB128”, “AB103”, and “Solithromycin” might be the only products which might hit the market soon.
R & D Comparison
Distribution of R & D Phase
Figure 2. Showing the Distribution of R & D Phase of Products
Product Vs R&D Phase
Figure 3. Showing the Distribution of Products and their R & D Phases
Route of Administration
IV & oral is shown to be the best route of administration for most products.
Figure 6. Showing the Route of Administration
Active against priority pathogens
In Figure.4 Out of the 669 antibacterial entries tested, a total of 146 (21.8%) showed activity against priority pathogens.
Figure 4. Showing the Distribution of Active against priority pathogens
“Pathogen Activity” against “Active against Priority pathogens”
Figure.6 shows a nearly equal number of products targeting both critical (74) and other priority pathogens (72), highlighting a well-rounded effort to fight antimicrobial resistance.
Figure 6. Showing the Distribution Pathogen Activity against Active against Priority pathogens
Active against priority pathogens Comparison
Out of 669 pathogens names, 146 were marked as “Yes” for being active against priority pathogens. Among these, critical priority pathogens had the highest. For the product by active against priority pathogens Rhu-pGSN is seen to have the highest number of “Yes”.
Pathogen against Active Priority pathogen
Figure 7. Showing the Distribution of Pathogen name against Active Priority pathogen
Product against Active Pathogens
Figure 8. Showing the Distribution of Product Name by Active Pathogens
Alternative name against Active priority pathogen
Figure 9. Showing the Distribution of Alternative name by Active priority pathogen
Product against Active priority pathogens
In Figure.10 We evaluated how well the products work against critical pathogens. “Yes” means the pathogen is susceptible, “No” means it’s resistant, and “Possibly” indicates the need for more research to improve effectiveness.
Figure 10. Showing the Distribution of Product Name by Active Pathogens
THANK YOU
Reference
Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. (2022). Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. The Lancet; 399(10325): P629-655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02724-0