import data
flights
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 515 2 830 819
## 2 2013 1 1 533 529 4 850 830
## 3 2013 1 1 542 540 2 923 850
## 4 2013 1 1 544 545 -1 1004 1022
## 5 2013 1 1 554 600 -6 812 837
## 6 2013 1 1 554 558 -4 740 728
## 7 2013 1 1 555 600 -5 913 854
## 8 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 709 723
## 9 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 838 846
## 10 2013 1 1 558 600 -2 753 745
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## # tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## # hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
Filter rows
filter(flights, month == 1, day ==1)
## # A tibble: 842 × 19
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 515 2 830 819
## 2 2013 1 1 533 529 4 850 830
## 3 2013 1 1 542 540 2 923 850
## 4 2013 1 1 544 545 -1 1004 1022
## 5 2013 1 1 554 600 -6 812 837
## 6 2013 1 1 554 558 -4 740 728
## 7 2013 1 1 555 600 -5 913 854
## 8 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 709 723
## 9 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 838 846
## 10 2013 1 1 558 600 -2 753 745
## # ℹ 832 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## # tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## # hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
filter(flights, month == 1 & day == 1)
## # A tibble: 842 × 19
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 515 2 830 819
## 2 2013 1 1 533 529 4 850 830
## 3 2013 1 1 542 540 2 923 850
## 4 2013 1 1 544 545 -1 1004 1022
## 5 2013 1 1 554 600 -6 812 837
## 6 2013 1 1 554 558 -4 740 728
## 7 2013 1 1 555 600 -5 913 854
## 8 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 709 723
## 9 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 838 846
## 10 2013 1 1 558 600 -2 753 745
## # ℹ 832 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## # tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## # hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
filter(flights, month == 1 | day == 1)
## # A tibble: 37,198 × 19
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 515 2 830 819
## 2 2013 1 1 533 529 4 850 830
## 3 2013 1 1 542 540 2 923 850
## 4 2013 1 1 544 545 -1 1004 1022
## 5 2013 1 1 554 600 -6 812 837
## 6 2013 1 1 554 558 -4 740 728
## 7 2013 1 1 555 600 -5 913 854
## 8 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 709 723
## 9 2013 1 1 557 600 -3 838 846
## 10 2013 1 1 558 600 -2 753 745
## # ℹ 37,188 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## # tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## # hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
filter(flights, month %in% c(11,12))
## # A tibble: 55,403 × 19
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 11 1 5 2359 6 352 345
## 2 2013 11 1 35 2250 105 123 2356
## 3 2013 11 1 455 500 -5 641 651
## 4 2013 11 1 539 545 -6 856 827
## 5 2013 11 1 542 545 -3 831 855
## 6 2013 11 1 549 600 -11 912 923
## 7 2013 11 1 550 600 -10 705 659
## 8 2013 11 1 554 600 -6 659 701
## 9 2013 11 1 554 600 -6 826 827
## 10 2013 11 1 554 600 -6 749 751
## # ℹ 55,393 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## # tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## # hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
Arrange rows
arrange(flights, desc(month), desc(day))
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 12 31 13 2359 14 439 437
## 2 2013 12 31 18 2359 19 449 444
## 3 2013 12 31 26 2245 101 129 2353
## 4 2013 12 31 459 500 -1 655 651
## 5 2013 12 31 514 515 -1 814 812
## 6 2013 12 31 549 551 -2 925 900
## 7 2013 12 31 550 600 -10 725 745
## 8 2013 12 31 552 600 -8 811 826
## 9 2013 12 31 553 600 -7 741 754
## 10 2013 12 31 554 550 4 1024 1027
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
## # tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
## # hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>
Select columns
select(flights, year: dep_time)
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 4
## year month day dep_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 1 1 517
## 2 2013 1 1 533
## 3 2013 1 1 542
## 4 2013 1 1 544
## 5 2013 1 1 554
## 6 2013 1 1 554
## 7 2013 1 1 555
## 8 2013 1 1 557
## 9 2013 1 1 557
## 10 2013 1 1 558
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
select (flights, year, month, day, dep_time)
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 4
## year month day dep_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int>
## 1 2013 1 1 517
## 2 2013 1 1 533
## 3 2013 1 1 542
## 4 2013 1 1 544
## 5 2013 1 1 554
## 6 2013 1 1 554
## 7 2013 1 1 555
## 8 2013 1 1 557
## 9 2013 1 1 557
## 10 2013 1 1 558
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
select (flights, year, month, day, dep_time, dep_delay)
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 5
## year month day dep_time dep_delay
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 2
## 2 2013 1 1 533 4
## 3 2013 1 1 542 2
## 4 2013 1 1 544 -1
## 5 2013 1 1 554 -6
## 6 2013 1 1 554 -4
## 7 2013 1 1 555 -5
## 8 2013 1 1 557 -3
## 9 2013 1 1 557 -3
## 10 2013 1 1 558 -2
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
select (flights, year, month, day, starts_with("dep"))
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 5
## year month day dep_time dep_delay
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 2
## 2 2013 1 1 533 4
## 3 2013 1 1 542 2
## 4 2013 1 1 544 -1
## 5 2013 1 1 554 -6
## 6 2013 1 1 554 -4
## 7 2013 1 1 555 -5
## 8 2013 1 1 557 -3
## 9 2013 1 1 557 -3
## 10 2013 1 1 558 -2
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
select (flights, year, month, day, contains("time"))
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 9
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time arr_time sched_arr_time air_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 515 830 819 227
## 2 2013 1 1 533 529 850 830 227
## 3 2013 1 1 542 540 923 850 160
## 4 2013 1 1 544 545 1004 1022 183
## 5 2013 1 1 554 600 812 837 116
## 6 2013 1 1 554 558 740 728 150
## 7 2013 1 1 555 600 913 854 158
## 8 2013 1 1 557 600 709 723 53
## 9 2013 1 1 557 600 838 846 140
## 10 2013 1 1 558 600 753 745 138
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
## # ℹ 1 more variable: time_hour <dttm>
select (flights, year, month, day, ends_with("time"))
## # A tibble: 336,776 × 8
## year month day dep_time sched_dep_time arr_time sched_arr_time air_time
## <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl>
## 1 2013 1 1 517 515 830 819 227
## 2 2013 1 1 533 529 850 830 227
## 3 2013 1 1 542 540 923 850 160
## 4 2013 1 1 544 545 1004 1022 183
## 5 2013 1 1 554 600 812 837 116
## 6 2013 1 1 554 558 740 728 150
## 7 2013 1 1 555 600 913 854 158
## 8 2013 1 1 557 600 709 723 53
## 9 2013 1 1 557 600 838 846 140
## 10 2013 1 1 558 600 753 745 138
## # ℹ 336,766 more rows
What’s in a name?
Calling functions
Use of TAB
continuation character, +
Printing to screen