1 Intro

The data analysis below aimed to respond the following objectives:

Objetivos gerais O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral investigar o efeito de um período de treinamento reduzido, devido as restrições da pandemia de covid 19, sobre parâmetros de desempenho em jogos oficiais pré e pós redução de treinamento.

Objetivos específicos Os objetivos específicos do presente estudo são: * Quantificar o desempenho de jogadores de futebol (profissionais?) em 10 partidas pré e 10 partidas pós período de treinamento reduzido (devido apandemia da covid 19), por meio de dados fornecidos por registro de equipamento de GPS, acelerometro e giroscópio, bem como, scout técnico das partidas;
* Descrever a dinâmica das variáveis quantificadas em uma sequência de 10 partidas;
* Verificar o impacto do período de treinamento reduzido na dinâmica das partida;
* Verificar a relação entre a dinâmica das variáveis investigadas e o resultado do scout.

2 Data Analysis

Below you will find the data analysis for the master’s project. The first block is for the WYSCOUT data whereas the second block, the GPS data.

The inclusion criteria for the study were that only players that played a total of 7 or more matches AND played during both pre and post pandemic periods. The squad was composed by 31 players and 18 match the criteria.

3 0.0. Load Libraries

4 1.0. Load data WYSCOUT

4.1 1.1. Data types

## Rows: 335
## Columns: 44
## $ player_number                 <int> 20, 5, 3, 6, 9, 10, 8, 12, 26, 7, 14, 22…
## $ player                        <chr> "Juanfran", "R._Arboleda", "Bruno_Alves"…
## $ min_played                    <int> 86, 73, 98, 98, 98, 98, 98, 73, 86, 86, …
## $ goals                         <chr> "-", "-", "-", "0/0.13", "2/0.15", "0/0.…
## $ assists                       <chr> "0/0.21", "-", "-", "1/0.17", "0/0.09", …
## $ actions                       <chr> "55/4175%", "69/5884%", "78/6786%", "65/…
## $ shoots                        <chr> "-", "-", "-", "3/267%", "4/250%", "1/00…
## $ pass                          <chr> "35/2880%", "57/5393%", "57/5393%", "41/…
## $ crossings                     <chr> "2/150%", "-", "-", "2/150%", "-", "-", …
## $ dribbles                      <chr> "3/267%", "1/00%", "-", "5/240%", "1/110…
## $ duels                         <chr> "13/1077%", "9/556%", "15/1280%", "18/12…
## $ losses                        <chr> "6/2", "6/3", "4/2", "8/2", "8/4", "8/3"…
## $ recoveries                    <chr> "9/2", "10/4", "10/1", "12/5", "4/2", "1…
## $ touch_in_area                 <chr> "1", "-", "-", "2", "6", "2", "1", "3", …
## $ outs                          <chr> "-", "-", "-", "-", "1", "-", "-", "1", …
## $ match_date                    <chr> "24/07/2020", "24/07/2020", "24/07/2020"…
## $ opposition                    <chr> "Bragantino", "Bragantino", "Bragantino"…
## $ file_name                     <chr> "13._relatorio_spfc_2x3_bragantino.pdf",…
## $ match_number                  <int> 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, …
## $ spfc_goals                    <int> 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3…
## $ opposition_goals              <int> 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1…
## $ match_result                  <chr> "loss", "loss", "loss", "loss", "loss", …
## $ split_goals                   <chr> "-", "-", "-", "0", "2", "0", "0", "0", …
## $ split_Xg                      <chr> "-", "-", "-", "0.13", "0.15", "0.11", "…
## $ split_assists                 <chr> "0", "-", "-", "1", "0", "0", "0", "0", …
## $ split_Xa                      <chr> "0.21", "-", "-", "0.17", "0.09", "0.06"…
## $ split_tot_loss                <chr> "6", "6", "4", "8", "8", "8", "4", "13",…
## $ split_loss_own_midfield       <chr> "2", "3", "2", "2", "4", "3", "1", "5", …
## $ split_tot_recoveries          <chr> "9", "10", "10", "12", "4", "11", "2", "…
## $ split_rec_opposition_midfield <chr> "2", "4", "1", "5", "2", "5", "0", "3", …
## $ split_tot_actions             <int> 55, 69, 78, 65, 62, 125, 93, 50, 60, 40,…
## $ split_act_success             <int> 41, 58, 67, 46, 32, 96, 78, 31, 37, 20, …
## $ split_act_perc                <int> 75, 84, 86, 71, 52, 77, 84, 62, 62, 50, …
## $ split_tot_dribbles            <chr> "3", "1", "-", "5", "1", "3", "2", "5", …
## $ split_dribble_success         <chr> "2", "0", "-", "2", "1", "1", "2", "3", …
## $ split_dribble_perc            <chr> "67", "0", "-", "40", "100", "33", "100"…
## $ split_tot_crosses             <chr> "2", "-", "-", "2", "-", "-", "-", "-", …
## $ split_cross_success           <chr> "1", "-", "-", "1", "-", "-", "-", "-", …
## $ split_cross_perc              <chr> "50", "-", "-", "50", "-", "-", "-", "-"…
## $ split_tot_shoots              <chr> "-", "-", "-", "3", "4", "1", "1", "2", …
## $ split_shoots_success          <chr> "-", "-", "-", "2", "2", "0", "0", "1", …
## $ split_shoots_perc             <chr> "-", "-", "-", "67", "50", "0", "0", "50…
## $ split_tot_pass                <chr> "35", "57", "57", "41", "26", "86", "69"…
## $ split_tot_duels               <chr> "13", "9", "15", "18", "18", "22", "12",…
  • Note the data was originally stored in improper data formats.

4.1.1 1.1.1. Convert data types

## Rows: 335
## Columns: 35
## $ player_number                 <int> 20, 5, 3, 6, 9, 10, 8, 12, 26, 7, 14, 22…
## $ player                        <chr> "Juanfran", "R._Arboleda", "Bruno_Alves"…
## $ min_played                    <int> 86, 73, 98, 98, 98, 98, 98, 73, 86, 86, …
## $ touch_in_area                 <int> 1, 0, 0, 2, 6, 2, 1, 3, 2, 6, 0, 1, 1, 0…
## $ outs                          <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0…
## $ match_date                    <date> 24-07-20, 24-07-20, 24-07-20, 24-07-20,…
## $ opposition                    <chr> "Bragantino", "Bragantino", "Bragantino"…
## $ file_name                     <chr> "13._relatorio_spfc_2x3_bragantino.pdf",…
## $ match_number                  <int> 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, …
## $ spfc_goals                    <int> 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3…
## $ opposition_goals              <int> 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1…
## $ match_result                  <chr> "loss", "loss", "loss", "loss", "loss", …
## $ split_goals                   <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0…
## $ split_Xg                      <dbl> 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.13, 0.15, 0.11, 0.03…
## $ split_assists                 <int> 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0…
## $ split_Xa                      <dbl> 0.21, 0.00, 0.00, 0.17, 0.09, 0.06, 0.02…
## $ split_tot_loss                <int> 6, 6, 4, 8, 8, 8, 4, 13, 7, 6, 5, 2, 1, …
## $ split_loss_own_midfield       <int> 2, 3, 2, 2, 4, 3, 1, 5, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 3…
## $ split_tot_recoveries          <int> 9, 10, 10, 12, 4, 11, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, …
## $ split_rec_opposition_midfield <int> 2, 4, 1, 5, 2, 5, 0, 3, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1…
## $ split_tot_actions             <int> 55, 69, 78, 65, 62, 125, 93, 50, 60, 40,…
## $ split_act_success             <int> 41, 58, 67, 46, 32, 96, 78, 31, 37, 20, …
## $ split_act_perc                <int> 75, 84, 86, 71, 52, 77, 84, 62, 62, 50, …
## $ split_tot_dribbles            <int> 3, 1, 0, 5, 1, 3, 2, 5, 3, 5, 0, 2, 0, 5…
## $ split_dribble_success         <int> 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0, 3…
## $ split_dribble_perc            <int> 67, 0, 0, 40, 100, 33, 100, 60, 100, 60,…
## $ split_tot_crosses             <int> 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 4…
## $ split_cross_success           <int> 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0…
## $ split_cross_perc              <int> 50, 0, 0, 50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 100, 50, 0, 50…
## $ split_tot_shoots              <int> 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 1, 1, 2, 0, 5, 0, 0, 1, 0…
## $ split_shoots_success          <int> 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0…
## $ split_shoots_perc             <int> 0, 0, 0, 67, 50, 0, 0, 50, 0, 20, 0, 0, …
## $ split_tot_pass                <int> 35, 57, 57, 41, 26, 86, 69, 25, 31, 14, …
## $ split_tot_duels               <int> 13, 9, 15, 18, 18, 22, 12, 14, 11, 12, 7…
## $ pand_period                   <chr> "post", "post", "post", "post", "post", …

4.1.2 1.1.2. Check NA’s

## [1] 0

Data were pre-inspected at source and the NA’s were previously treated.

4.1.3 1.1.3. Data inspection

The plots below are from individual variables, were a combo for data inspection were created. The plots are pairs and represent the data from the pre-pandemic (0) period and the post pandemic (1) period.

##                                                     var_names X_pre SD_pre
## player_number_X                                 player_number 12.47   7.23
## min_played_X                                       min_played 79.47  29.26
## touch_in_area_X                                 touch_in_area  1.57   1.97
## outs_X                                                   outs  0.22   0.66
## match_number_X                                   match_number  7.90   4.89
## spfc_goals_X                                       spfc_goals  2.02   0.89
## opposition_goals_X                           opposition_goals  0.40   0.50
## split_goals_X                                     split_goals  0.17   0.45
## split_Xg_X                                           split_Xg  0.17   0.25
## split_assists_X                                 split_assists  0.07   0.27
## split_Xa_X                                           split_Xa  0.14   0.24
## split_tot_loss_X                               split_tot_loss  5.88   4.13
## split_loss_own_midfield_X             split_loss_own_midfield  1.32   1.16
## split_tot_recoveries_X                   split_tot_recoveries  5.12   4.66
## split_rec_opposition_midfield_X split_rec_opposition_midfield  1.45   0.99
## split_tot_actions_X                         split_tot_actions 69.10  38.27
## split_act_success_X                         split_act_success 53.38  32.81
## split_act_perc_X                               split_act_perc 70.47  16.98
## split_tot_dribbles_X                       split_tot_dribbles  1.95   2.04
## split_dribble_success_X                 split_dribble_success  1.07   1.21
## split_dribble_perc_X                       split_dribble_perc 38.10  38.79
## split_tot_crosses_X                         split_tot_crosses  1.07   1.40
## split_cross_success_X                     split_cross_success  0.38   0.67
## split_cross_perc_X                           split_cross_perc 17.75  33.00
## split_tot_shoots_X                           split_tot_shoots  1.50   1.52
## split_shoots_success_X                   split_shoots_success  0.52   0.96
## split_shoots_perc_X                         split_shoots_perc 16.68  29.29
## split_tot_pass_X                               split_tot_pass 47.35  32.71
## split_tot_duels_X                             split_tot_duels 12.88   7.80
##                                 X_post SD_post
## player_number_X                  13.26    7.85
## min_played_X                     75.33   30.43
## touch_in_area_X                   1.55    1.98
## outs_X                            0.16    0.50
## match_number_X                   13.19    7.63
## spfc_goals_X                      1.47    1.00
## opposition_goals_X                1.22    1.02
## split_goals_X                     0.11    0.35
## split_Xg_X                        0.13    0.27
## split_assists_X                   0.04    0.21
## split_Xa_X                        0.08    0.15
## split_tot_loss_X                  6.89    3.81
## split_loss_own_midfield_X         2.13    1.82
## split_tot_recoveries_X            4.93    4.04
## split_rec_opposition_midfield_X   1.75    1.70
## split_tot_actions_X              61.01   32.46
## split_act_success_X              43.04   26.93
## split_act_perc_X                 63.79   17.76
## split_tot_dribbles_X              2.13    1.84
## split_dribble_success_X           1.11    1.25
## split_dribble_perc_X             41.86   40.48
## split_tot_crosses_X               1.38    1.91
## split_cross_success_X             0.55    0.94
## split_cross_perc_X               19.73   32.36
## split_tot_shoots_X                1.34    1.61
## split_shoots_success_X            0.45    0.73
## split_shoots_perc_X              21.36   34.78
## split_tot_pass_X                 38.02   25.92
## split_tot_duels_X                13.87    6.83

4.2 1.2. Running multilevel analysis WYSCOUT data

4.3 1.3. Plot individual player data

4.4 1.4. Multilevel Analysis WYSCOUT data

## Processing variable: min_played 
## Processing variable: touch_in_area 
## Processing variable: outs 
## Processing variable: spfc_goals 
## Processing variable: opposition_goals 
## Processing variable: split_goals 
## Processing variable: split_Xg 
## Processing variable: split_assists 
## Processing variable: split_Xa 
## Processing variable: split_tot_loss 
## Processing variable: split_loss_own_midfield 
## Processing variable: split_tot_recoveries 
## Processing variable: split_rec_opposition_midfield 
## Processing variable: split_tot_actions 
## Processing variable: split_act_success 
## Processing variable: split_act_perc 
## Processing variable: split_tot_dribbles 
## Processing variable: split_dribble_success 
## Processing variable: split_dribble_perc 
## Processing variable: split_tot_crosses 
## Processing variable: split_cross_success 
## Processing variable: split_cross_perc 
## Processing variable: split_tot_shoots 
## Processing variable: split_shoots_success 
## Processing variable: split_shoots_perc 
## Processing variable: split_tot_pass 
## Processing variable: split_tot_duels
## ### Results for min_played :
## The analysis of the 'min_played' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for touch_in_area :
## The analysis of the 'touch_in_area' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for outs :
## The analysis of the 'outs' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for spfc_goals :
## Analysis of the 'spfc_goals' variable
## 
## ICC: 0. The ICC associated with spfc_goals. This indicates that 0% of the variance in any individual report of spfc_goals can be explained by the properties of the individual who provided the rating.
## 
## For the variable spfc_goals, the FIXED effects is: t(248) = -0.55, p-value: 0.0012, ES = 0.2 - Pequeno
## 
## The RANDOM effects is: χ²(2) = 0.001475729, p-value: 0.9993, ES = 0 - Trivial
## 
## 
## ### Results for opposition_goals :
## Analysis of the 'opposition_goals' variable
## 
## ICC: 0. The ICC associated with opposition_goals. This indicates that 0% of the variance in any individual report of opposition_goals can be explained by the properties of the individual who provided the rating.
## 
## For the variable opposition_goals, the FIXED effects is: t(248) = 0.82, p-value: 0, ES = 0.3 - Moderado
## 
## The RANDOM effects is: χ²(2) = 0.001241724, p-value: 0.9994, ES = 0 - Trivial
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_goals :
## The analysis of the 'split_goals' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_Xg :
## The analysis of the 'split_Xg' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_assists :
## The analysis of the 'split_assists' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_Xa :
## The analysis of the 'split_Xa' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_loss :
## The analysis of the 'split_tot_loss' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_loss_own_midfield :
## Analysis of the 'split_loss_own_midfield' variable
## 
## ICC: 0.14. The ICC associated with split_loss_own_midfield. This indicates that 14% of the variance in any individual report of split_loss_own_midfield can be explained by the properties of the individual who provided the rating.
## 
## For the variable split_loss_own_midfield, the FIXED effects is: t(248) = 0.76, p-value: 0.0091, ES = 0.16 - Pequeno
## 
## The RANDOM effects is: χ²(2) = 0.4209225, p-value: 0.8102, ES = 0.04 - Trivial
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_recoveries :
## The analysis of the 'split_tot_recoveries' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_rec_opposition_midfield :
## The analysis of the 'split_rec_opposition_midfield' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_actions :
## Analysis of the 'split_tot_actions' variable
## 
## ICC: 0.62. The ICC associated with split_tot_actions. This indicates that 62% of the variance in any individual report of split_tot_actions can be explained by the properties of the individual who provided the rating.
## 
## For the variable split_tot_actions, the FIXED effects is: t(248) = -10.5, p-value: 0.0303, ES = 0.14 - Pequeno
## 
## The RANDOM effects is: χ²(2) = 3.205618, p-value: 0.2013, ES = 0.11 - Pequeno
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_act_success :
## Analysis of the 'split_act_success' variable
## 
## ICC: 0.63. The ICC associated with split_act_success. This indicates that 63% of the variance in any individual report of split_act_success can be explained by the properties of the individual who provided the rating.
## 
## For the variable split_act_success, the FIXED effects is: t(248) = -11.79, p-value: 0.0028, ES = 0.19 - Pequeno
## 
## The RANDOM effects is: χ²(2) = 3.69786, p-value: 0.1574, ES = 0.12 - Pequeno
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_act_perc :
## Analysis of the 'split_act_perc' variable
## 
## ICC: 0.41. The ICC associated with split_act_perc. This indicates that 41% of the variance in any individual report of split_act_perc can be explained by the properties of the individual who provided the rating.
## 
## For the variable split_act_perc, the FIXED effects is: t(248) = -7.07, p-value: 0.003, ES = 0.19 - Pequeno
## 
## The RANDOM effects is: χ²(2) = 7.936237e-06, p-value: 1, ES = 0 - Trivial
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_dribbles :
## The analysis of the 'split_tot_dribbles' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_dribble_success :
## The analysis of the 'split_dribble_success' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_dribble_perc :
## The analysis of the 'split_dribble_perc' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_crosses :
## The analysis of the 'split_tot_crosses' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_cross_success :
## The analysis of the 'split_cross_success' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_cross_perc :
## The analysis of the 'split_cross_perc' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_shoots :
## The analysis of the 'split_tot_shoots' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_shoots_success :
## The analysis of the 'split_shoots_success' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_shoots_perc :
## The analysis of the 'split_shoots_perc' variable showed no significant effects.
## 
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_pass :
## Analysis of the 'split_tot_pass' variable
## 
## ICC: 0.64. The ICC associated with split_tot_pass. This indicates that 64% of the variance in any individual report of split_tot_pass can be explained by the properties of the individual who provided the rating.
## 
## For the variable split_tot_pass, the FIXED effects is: t(248) = -9.57, p-value: 0.0037, ES = 0.18 - Pequeno
## 
## The RANDOM effects is: χ²(2) = 3.44877, p-value: 0.1783, ES = 0.11 - Pequeno
## 
## 
## ### Results for split_tot_duels :
## The analysis of the 'split_tot_duels' variable showed no significant effects.

4.5 1.5. Summary of WYSCOUT data

##                                                     var_names X_pre SD_pre
## player_number_X                                 player_number 12.47   7.23
## min_played_X                                       min_played 79.47  29.26
## touch_in_area_X                                 touch_in_area  1.57   1.97
## outs_X                                                   outs  0.22   0.66
## match_number_X                                   match_number  7.90   4.89
## spfc_goals_X                                       spfc_goals  2.02   0.89
## opposition_goals_X                           opposition_goals  0.40   0.50
## split_goals_X                                     split_goals  0.17   0.45
## split_Xg_X                                           split_Xg  0.17   0.25
## split_assists_X                                 split_assists  0.07   0.27
## split_Xa_X                                           split_Xa  0.14   0.24
## split_tot_loss_X                               split_tot_loss  5.88   4.13
## split_loss_own_midfield_X             split_loss_own_midfield  1.32   1.16
## split_tot_recoveries_X                   split_tot_recoveries  5.12   4.66
## split_rec_opposition_midfield_X split_rec_opposition_midfield  1.45   0.99
## split_tot_actions_X                         split_tot_actions 69.10  38.27
## split_act_success_X                         split_act_success 53.38  32.81
## split_act_perc_X                               split_act_perc 70.47  16.98
## split_tot_dribbles_X                       split_tot_dribbles  1.95   2.04
## split_dribble_success_X                 split_dribble_success  1.07   1.21
## split_dribble_perc_X                       split_dribble_perc 38.10  38.79
## split_tot_crosses_X                         split_tot_crosses  1.07   1.40
## split_cross_success_X                     split_cross_success  0.38   0.67
## split_cross_perc_X                           split_cross_perc 17.75  33.00
## split_tot_shoots_X                           split_tot_shoots  1.50   1.52
## split_shoots_success_X                   split_shoots_success  0.52   0.96
## split_shoots_perc_X                         split_shoots_perc 16.68  29.29
## split_tot_pass_X                               split_tot_pass 47.35  32.71
## split_tot_duels_X                             split_tot_duels 12.88   7.80
##                                 X_post SD_post
## player_number_X                  13.26    7.85
## min_played_X                     75.33   30.43
## touch_in_area_X                   1.55    1.98
## outs_X                            0.16    0.50
## match_number_X                   13.19    7.63
## spfc_goals_X                      1.47    1.00
## opposition_goals_X                1.22    1.02
## split_goals_X                     0.11    0.35
## split_Xg_X                        0.13    0.27
## split_assists_X                   0.04    0.21
## split_Xa_X                        0.08    0.15
## split_tot_loss_X                  6.89    3.81
## split_loss_own_midfield_X         2.13    1.82
## split_tot_recoveries_X            4.93    4.04
## split_rec_opposition_midfield_X   1.75    1.70
## split_tot_actions_X              61.01   32.46
## split_act_success_X              43.04   26.93
## split_act_perc_X                 63.79   17.76
## split_tot_dribbles_X              2.13    1.84
## split_dribble_success_X           1.11    1.25
## split_dribble_perc_X             41.86   40.48
## split_tot_crosses_X               1.38    1.91
## split_cross_success_X             0.55    0.94
## split_cross_perc_X               19.73   32.36
## split_tot_shoots_X                1.34    1.61
## split_shoots_success_X            0.45    0.73
## split_shoots_perc_X              21.36   34.78
## split_tot_pass_X                 38.02   25.92
## split_tot_duels_X                13.87    6.83