#Reading in the data
library(haven)
## Warning: package 'haven' was built under R version 4.3.3
csek12 <- as.data.frame(read_sav("RegRep_K12 Sex Ed_De-Id Data_Clean_11-24-23.sav"))
#Making variables nominal
csek12$Vote <- factor(csek12$Vote, levels = c(1:3))
csek12$Gender_3cat <- factor(csek12$Gender_3cat, levels = c(1:3))
csek12$Gender_5cat <- factor(csek12$Gender_5cat, levels = c(1:5))
csek12$Race_cat <- factor(csek12$Race_cat, levels = c(1:7))
csek12$SO <- factor(csek12$SO, levels = c(1:6))
csek12$Geo <- factor(csek12$Geo, levels = c(1:4))
csek12$Parent <- factor(csek12$Parent, levels = c(1:3))

#setting "I don't know" responses to NA
csek12$PolAff <- ifelse(csek12$Politic == 8, NA, csek12$Politic)

#setting "I would abstain (not vote)" responses to NA
csek12$Vote1 <- ifelse(csek12$Vote == 3, NA, csek12$Vote)
csek12$Vote1 <- factor(csek12$Vote1, levels = c(1:2))
csek12$Vote1 <- as.character(csek12$Vote1)
#validity analyses
library(lavaan)
## Warning: package 'lavaan' was built under R version 4.3.3
## This is lavaan 0.6-18
## lavaan is FREE software! Please report any bugs.
##do attitudes toward comprehensive sex education relate to perceptions of importance of CSE in middle and high school?
csek12one.val <- '
             CSE =~ Q2_1 + Q2_2 + Q2_3 + Q2_4 + Q2_5 + Q2_6 + Q2_7 + Q2_8 + Q2_9 + Q3_1 + Q3_2 + Q3_3 + Q3_4 + Q3_5 + Q3_6 + Q3_7 + Q3_8 + Q3_9 + Q3_10 + Q4_1 + Q4_2 + Q4_3 + Q4_4 + Q4_5 + Q4_6 + Q4_7 + Q4_8 + Q4_9 + Q4_10 + Q5_1 + Q5_2 + Q5_4 + Q5_5 + Q5_6 + Q5_7 + Q5_8 + Q5_9 + Q5_10 + Q5_11
        
          #covariances
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_4
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_4 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q5_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_5
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_5 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_7 ~~ Q4_8
          Q2_8 ~~ Q2_9
          CSE ~~ Important_Middle
          CSE ~~ Important_High
'
csek12one.fit.val <- cfa(csek12one.val, data = csek12, std.lv = TRUE, missing = "FIML", estimator = "MLR")
summary(csek12one.fit.val)
## lavaan 0.6-18 ended normally after 164 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                       138
## 
##   Number of observations                           298
##   Number of missing patterns                         2
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                              2720.260    1629.211
##   Degrees of freedom                               764         764
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.670
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##   CSE =~                                              
##     Q2_1              0.775    0.053   14.751    0.000
##     Q2_2              0.701    0.058   12.187    0.000
##     Q2_3              0.714    0.056   12.850    0.000
##     Q2_4              0.774    0.052   14.959    0.000
##     Q2_5              0.788    0.054   14.537    0.000
##     Q2_6              0.754    0.057   13.173    0.000
##     Q2_7              0.704    0.061   11.590    0.000
##     Q2_8              0.696    0.057   12.228    0.000
##     Q2_9              0.605    0.062    9.755    0.000
##     Q3_1              0.809    0.051   16.000    0.000
##     Q3_2              0.798    0.052   15.268    0.000
##     Q3_3              0.707    0.065   10.901    0.000
##     Q3_4              0.834    0.052   15.928    0.000
##     Q3_5              0.751    0.060   12.453    0.000
##     Q3_6              0.708    0.061   11.590    0.000
##     Q3_7              0.843    0.050   16.720    0.000
##     Q3_8              0.835    0.053   15.848    0.000
##     Q3_9              0.867    0.045   19.393    0.000
##     Q3_10             0.753    0.054   14.074    0.000
##     Q4_1              0.803    0.055   14.665    0.000
##     Q4_2              0.817    0.052   15.679    0.000
##     Q4_3              0.802    0.055   14.509    0.000
##     Q4_4              0.797    0.058   13.682    0.000
##     Q4_5              0.731    0.060   12.113    0.000
##     Q4_6              0.819    0.056   14.706    0.000
##     Q4_7              0.876    0.048   18.097    0.000
##     Q4_8              0.737    0.064   11.478    0.000
##     Q4_9              0.543    0.065    8.410    0.000
##     Q4_10             0.787    0.056   14.076    0.000
##     Q5_1              0.784    0.054   14.568    0.000
##     Q5_2              0.798    0.056   14.178    0.000
##     Q5_4              0.752    0.060   12.552    0.000
##     Q5_5              0.693    0.062   11.125    0.000
##     Q5_6              0.687    0.061   11.265    0.000
##     Q5_7              0.819    0.058   14.065    0.000
##     Q5_8              0.613    0.069    8.932    0.000
##     Q5_9              0.678    0.060   11.246    0.000
##     Q5_10             0.636    0.065    9.852    0.000
##     Q5_11             0.784    0.058   13.626    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##  .Q2_3 ~~                                             
##    .Q2_4              0.069    0.035    1.993    0.046
##    .Q2_5              0.032    0.023    1.411    0.158
##    .Q5_5              0.015    0.021    0.708    0.479
##    .Q5_6              0.004    0.015    0.232    0.816
##  .Q2_4 ~~                                             
##    .Q2_5              0.140    0.033    4.267    0.000
##    .Q5_5              0.019    0.023    0.835    0.404
##    .Q5_6             -0.034    0.015   -2.287    0.022
##  .Q2_5 ~~                                             
##    .Q5_5              0.067    0.030    2.266    0.023
##    .Q5_6             -0.054    0.017   -3.121    0.002
##  .Q5_5 ~~                                             
##    .Q5_6              0.003    0.020    0.155    0.877
##  .Q4_4 ~~                                             
##    .Q4_5              0.060    0.022    2.775    0.006
##    .Q4_6              0.039    0.017    2.270    0.023
##  .Q4_5 ~~                                             
##    .Q4_6              0.065    0.021    3.119    0.002
##  .Q4_7 ~~                                             
##    .Q4_8              0.019    0.025    0.771    0.441
##  .Q2_8 ~~                                             
##    .Q2_9              0.142    0.032    4.420    0.000
##   CSE ~~                                              
##     Important_Mddl   -0.533    0.085   -6.255    0.000
##     Important_High   -0.448    0.104   -4.289    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .Q2_1              4.275    0.061   70.405    0.000
##    .Q2_2              4.208    0.064   65.628    0.000
##    .Q2_3              4.440    0.055   81.208    0.000
##    .Q2_4              4.282    0.062   69.578    0.000
##    .Q2_5              4.289    0.062   69.393    0.000
##    .Q2_6              4.369    0.061   71.522    0.000
##    .Q2_7              4.456    0.055   80.830    0.000
##    .Q2_8              4.349    0.056   77.492    0.000
##    .Q2_9              4.453    0.052   86.045    0.000
##    .Q3_1              4.369    0.059   73.547    0.000
##    .Q3_2              4.403    0.058   75.537    0.000
##    .Q3_3              4.483    0.053   84.090    0.000
##    .Q3_4              4.386    0.060   73.221    0.000
##    .Q3_5              4.460    0.056   79.138    0.000
##    .Q3_6              4.490    0.056   80.328    0.000
##    .Q3_7              4.228    0.068   61.889    0.000
##    .Q3_8              4.074    0.077   52.615    0.000
##    .Q3_9              3.815    0.083   45.705    0.000
##    .Q3_10             4.248    0.061   69.311    0.000
##    .Q4_1              4.419    0.058   76.735    0.000
##    .Q4_2              4.322    0.061   70.787    0.000
##    .Q4_3              4.463    0.056   79.187    0.000
##    .Q4_4              4.463    0.058   77.292    0.000
##    .Q4_5              4.497    0.056   80.009    0.000
##    .Q4_6              4.406    0.059   74.112    0.000
##    .Q4_7              4.228    0.067   62.650    0.000
##    .Q4_8              4.540    0.057   80.283    0.000
##    .Q4_9              4.205    0.063   66.926    0.000
##    .Q4_10             4.406    0.058   75.823    0.000
##    .Q5_1              4.322    0.060   72.333    0.000
##    .Q5_2              4.369    0.062   70.883    0.000
##    .Q5_4              4.503    0.054   82.830    0.000
##    .Q5_5              4.419    0.056   78.347    0.000
##    .Q5_6              4.510    0.052   86.312    0.000
##    .Q5_7              4.423    0.060   73.826    0.000
##    .Q5_8              4.362    0.061   71.255    0.000
##    .Q5_9              4.557    0.051   89.635    0.000
##    .Q5_10             4.379    0.056   78.816    0.000
##    .Q5_11             4.477    0.057   78.561    0.000
##     Important_Mddl    1.859    0.066   28.195    0.000
##     Important_High    1.302    0.049   26.722    0.000
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)
##    .Q2_1              0.301    0.046    6.555    0.000
##    .Q2_2              0.573    0.078    7.381    0.000
##    .Q2_3              0.214    0.038    5.658    0.000
##    .Q2_4              0.334    0.052    6.446    0.000
##    .Q2_5              0.314    0.042    7.478    0.000
##    .Q2_6              0.358    0.079    4.502    0.000
##    .Q2_7              0.247    0.041    5.994    0.000
##    .Q2_8              0.296    0.041    7.284    0.000
##    .Q2_9              0.312    0.040    7.899    0.000
##    .Q3_1              0.183    0.055    3.328    0.001
##    .Q3_2              0.166    0.031    5.274    0.000
##    .Q3_3              0.183    0.051    3.592    0.000
##    .Q3_4              0.145    0.029    4.993    0.000
##    .Q3_5              0.197    0.043    4.579    0.000
##    .Q3_6              0.264    0.045    5.861    0.000
##    .Q3_7              0.447    0.078    5.738    0.000
##    .Q3_8              0.861    0.122    7.046    0.000
##    .Q3_9              1.079    0.118    9.126    0.000
##    .Q3_10             0.366    0.068    5.377    0.000
##    .Q4_1              0.133    0.034    3.944    0.000
##    .Q4_2              0.224    0.041    5.400    0.000
##    .Q4_3              0.093    0.016    5.925    0.000
##    .Q4_4              0.149    0.026    5.698    0.000
##    .Q4_5              0.233    0.036    6.428    0.000
##    .Q4_6              0.163    0.025    6.481    0.000
##    .Q4_7              0.338    0.056    6.002    0.000
##    .Q4_8              0.232    0.035    6.530    0.000
##    .Q4_9              0.785    0.100    7.839    0.000
##    .Q4_10             0.183    0.039    4.632    0.000
##    .Q5_1              0.248    0.040    6.174    0.000
##    .Q5_2              0.287    0.055    5.166    0.000
##    .Q5_4              0.131    0.024    5.527    0.000
##    .Q5_5              0.311    0.059    5.307    0.000
##    .Q5_6              0.187    0.031    6.029    0.000
##    .Q5_7              0.180    0.028    6.393    0.000
##    .Q5_8              0.618    0.106    5.853    0.000
##    .Q5_9              0.159    0.020    7.759    0.000
##    .Q5_10             0.383    0.054    7.154    0.000
##    .Q5_11             0.151    0.035    4.313    0.000
##     Important_Mddl    1.296    0.129   10.061    0.000
##     Important_High    0.707    0.151    4.700    0.000
##     CSE               1.000
##do attitudes toward comprehensive sex education relate to sex positivity and sex negativity?
csek12one.val1 <- '
             CSE =~ Q2_1 + Q2_2 + Q2_3 + Q2_4 + Q2_5 + Q2_6 + Q2_7 + Q2_8 + Q2_9 + Q3_1 + Q3_2 + Q3_3 + Q3_4 + Q3_5 + Q3_6 + Q3_7 + Q3_8 + Q3_9 + Q3_10 + Q4_1 + Q4_2 + Q4_3 + Q4_4 + Q4_5 + Q4_6 + Q4_7 + Q4_8 + Q4_9 + Q4_10 + Q5_1 + Q5_2 + Q5_4 + Q5_5 + Q5_6 + Q5_7 + Q5_8 + Q5_9 + Q5_10 + Q5_11
        
          #covariances
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_4
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_4 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q5_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_5
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_5 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_7 ~~ Q4_8
          Q2_8 ~~ Q2_9
          CSE ~~ Important_Middle
          CSE ~~ Important_High
          CSE ~~ Sex_Pos
          CSE ~~ Sex_Neg
'
csek12one.fit.val1 <- cfa(csek12one.val1, data = csek12, std.lv = TRUE, missing = "FIML", estimator = "MLR")
summary(csek12one.fit.val1, standardized = TRUE)
## lavaan 0.6-18 ended normally after 200 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                       144
## 
##   Number of observations                           298
##   Number of missing patterns                         2
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                              2949.510    1825.891
##   Degrees of freedom                               845         845
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.615
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##   CSE =~                                                                
##     Q2_1              0.768    0.053   14.535    0.000    0.768    0.814
##     Q2_2              0.694    0.058   11.909    0.000    0.694    0.676
##     Q2_3              0.707    0.056   12.588    0.000    0.707    0.837
##     Q2_4              0.766    0.052   14.623    0.000    0.766    0.798
##     Q2_5              0.781    0.055   14.262    0.000    0.781    0.812
##     Q2_6              0.747    0.058   12.771    0.000    0.747    0.780
##     Q2_7              0.698    0.061   11.485    0.000    0.698    0.814
##     Q2_8              0.689    0.059   11.734    0.000    0.689    0.785
##     Q2_9              0.599    0.063    9.528    0.000    0.599    0.731
##     Q3_1              0.801    0.052   15.314    0.000    0.801    0.882
##     Q3_2              0.791    0.054   14.708    0.000    0.791    0.889
##     Q3_3              0.701    0.065   10.861    0.000    0.701    0.854
##     Q3_4              0.827    0.054   15.436    0.000    0.827    0.908
##     Q3_5              0.744    0.061   12.139    0.000    0.744    0.859
##     Q3_6              0.701    0.063   11.193    0.000    0.701    0.807
##     Q3_7              0.835    0.051   16.285    0.000    0.835    0.781
##     Q3_8              0.827    0.053   15.510    0.000    0.827    0.665
##     Q3_9              0.859    0.045   19.214    0.000    0.859    0.637
##     Q3_10             0.746    0.056   13.444    0.000    0.746    0.777
##     Q4_1              0.795    0.056   14.254    0.000    0.795    0.909
##     Q4_2              0.810    0.053   15.220    0.000    0.810    0.863
##     Q4_3              0.794    0.056   14.143    0.000    0.794    0.933
##     Q4_4              0.790    0.059   13.446    0.000    0.790    0.898
##     Q4_5              0.724    0.061   11.919    0.000    0.724    0.832
##     Q4_6              0.811    0.057   14.343    0.000    0.811    0.895
##     Q4_7              0.868    0.049   17.605    0.000    0.868    0.831
##     Q4_8              0.730    0.066   11.119    0.000    0.730    0.835
##     Q4_9              0.538    0.065    8.258    0.000    0.538    0.519
##     Q4_10             0.780    0.057   13.706    0.000    0.780    0.877
##     Q5_1              0.776    0.055   14.235    0.000    0.776    0.842
##     Q5_2              0.791    0.057   13.845    0.000    0.791    0.828
##     Q5_4              0.745    0.061   12.246    0.000    0.745    0.900
##     Q5_5              0.686    0.063   10.867    0.000    0.686    0.776
##     Q5_6              0.681    0.062   10.982    0.000    0.681    0.844
##     Q5_7              0.811    0.059   13.698    0.000    0.811    0.886
##     Q5_8              0.607    0.070    8.726    0.000    0.607    0.611
##     Q5_9              0.672    0.061   10.973    0.000    0.672    0.860
##     Q5_10             0.630    0.066    9.577    0.000    0.630    0.714
##     Q5_11             0.777    0.059   13.165    0.000    0.777    0.894
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##  .Q2_3 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_4              0.069    0.035    1.992    0.046    0.069    0.258
##    .Q2_5              0.032    0.023    1.408    0.159    0.032    0.125
##    .Q5_5              0.015    0.021    0.707    0.480    0.015    0.057
##    .Q5_6              0.004    0.015    0.231    0.817    0.004    0.018
##  .Q2_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_5              0.139    0.033    4.266    0.000    0.139    0.431
##    .Q5_5              0.019    0.023    0.833    0.405    0.019    0.060
##    .Q5_6             -0.034    0.015   -2.287    0.022   -0.034   -0.137
##  .Q2_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_5              0.067    0.030    2.263    0.024    0.067    0.214
##    .Q5_6             -0.054    0.017   -3.123    0.002   -0.054   -0.224
##  .Q5_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_6              0.003    0.020    0.156    0.876    0.003    0.013
##  .Q4_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_5              0.060    0.022    2.779    0.005    0.060    0.323
##    .Q4_6              0.039    0.017    2.272    0.023    0.039    0.250
##  .Q4_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_6              0.065    0.021    3.119    0.002    0.065    0.331
##  .Q4_7 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_8              0.019    0.025    0.774    0.439    0.019    0.069
##  .Q2_8 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_9              0.142    0.032    4.422    0.000    0.142    0.468
##   CSE ~~                                                                
##     Important_Mddl   -0.501    0.090   -5.574    0.000   -0.501   -0.440
##     Important_High   -0.462    0.107   -4.301    0.000   -0.462   -0.549
##     Sex_Pos           0.533    0.468    1.139    0.255    0.533    0.064
##     Sex_Neg          -0.200    0.386   -0.518    0.604   -0.200   -0.044
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##    .Q2_1              4.275    0.061   70.405    0.000    4.275    4.531
##    .Q2_2              4.208    0.064   65.628    0.000    4.208    4.097
##    .Q2_3              4.440    0.055   81.208    0.000    4.440    5.254
##    .Q2_4              4.282    0.062   69.578    0.000    4.282    4.461
##    .Q2_5              4.289    0.062   69.393    0.000    4.289    4.464
##    .Q2_6              4.369    0.061   71.522    0.000    4.369    4.567
##    .Q2_7              4.456    0.055   80.829    0.000    4.456    5.202
##    .Q2_8              4.349    0.056   77.492    0.000    4.349    4.953
##    .Q2_9              4.453    0.052   86.045    0.000    4.453    5.435
##    .Q3_1              4.369    0.059   73.547    0.000    4.369    4.810
##    .Q3_2              4.403    0.058   75.537    0.000    4.403    4.949
##    .Q3_3              4.483    0.053   84.091    0.000    4.483    5.462
##    .Q3_4              4.386    0.060   73.222    0.000    4.386    4.820
##    .Q3_5              4.460    0.056   79.139    0.000    4.460    5.147
##    .Q3_6              4.490    0.056   80.328    0.000    4.490    5.167
##    .Q3_7              4.228    0.068   61.890    0.000    4.228    3.953
##    .Q3_8              4.074    0.077   52.615    0.000    4.074    3.278
##    .Q3_9              3.815    0.083   45.705    0.000    3.815    2.831
##    .Q3_10             4.248    0.061   69.311    0.000    4.248    4.422
##    .Q4_1              4.419    0.058   76.735    0.000    4.419    5.052
##    .Q4_2              4.322    0.061   70.787    0.000    4.322    4.609
##    .Q4_3              4.463    0.056   79.187    0.000    4.463    5.246
##    .Q4_4              4.463    0.058   77.292    0.000    4.463    5.076
##    .Q4_5              4.497    0.056   80.009    0.000    4.497    5.171
##    .Q4_6              4.406    0.059   74.112    0.000    4.406    4.863
##    .Q4_7              4.228    0.067   62.650    0.000    4.228    4.048
##    .Q4_8              4.540    0.057   80.284    0.000    4.540    5.192
##    .Q4_9              4.205    0.063   66.927    0.000    4.205    4.057
##    .Q4_10             4.406    0.058   75.822    0.000    4.406    4.953
##    .Q5_1              4.322    0.060   72.333    0.000    4.322    4.685
##    .Q5_2              4.369    0.062   70.883    0.000    4.369    4.577
##    .Q5_4              4.503    0.054   82.830    0.000    4.503    5.441
##    .Q5_5              4.419    0.056   78.347    0.000    4.419    4.998
##    .Q5_6              4.510    0.052   86.312    0.000    4.510    5.594
##    .Q5_7              4.423    0.060   73.826    0.000    4.423    4.833
##    .Q5_8              4.362    0.061   71.255    0.000    4.362    4.392
##    .Q5_9              4.557    0.051   89.636    0.000    4.557    5.831
##    .Q5_10             4.379    0.056   78.816    0.000    4.379    4.959
##    .Q5_11             4.477    0.057   78.561    0.000    4.477    5.154
##     Important_Mddl    1.859    0.066   28.195    0.000    1.859    1.633
##     Important_High    1.302    0.049   26.723    0.000    1.302    1.548
##     Sex_Pos          38.876    0.482   80.598    0.000   38.876    4.669
##     Sex_Neg          11.218    0.263   42.646    0.000   11.218    2.470
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##    .Q2_1              0.300    0.046    6.556    0.000    0.300    0.337
##    .Q2_2              0.573    0.078    7.381    0.000    0.573    0.543
##    .Q2_3              0.214    0.038    5.659    0.000    0.214    0.300
##    .Q2_4              0.334    0.052    6.447    0.000    0.334    0.362
##    .Q2_5              0.314    0.042    7.477    0.000    0.314    0.340
##    .Q2_6              0.358    0.079    4.502    0.000    0.358    0.391
##    .Q2_7              0.247    0.041    5.997    0.000    0.247    0.337
##    .Q2_8              0.296    0.041    7.289    0.000    0.296    0.384
##    .Q2_9              0.312    0.040    7.900    0.000    0.312    0.465
##    .Q3_1              0.183    0.055    3.327    0.001    0.183    0.222
##    .Q3_2              0.166    0.031    5.274    0.000    0.166    0.210
##    .Q3_3              0.183    0.051    3.593    0.000    0.183    0.271
##    .Q3_4              0.145    0.029    4.994    0.000    0.145    0.175
##    .Q3_5              0.197    0.043    4.579    0.000    0.197    0.262
##    .Q3_6              0.264    0.045    5.862    0.000    0.264    0.349
##    .Q3_7              0.446    0.078    5.735    0.000    0.446    0.390
##    .Q3_8              0.861    0.122    7.046    0.000    0.861    0.557
##    .Q3_9              1.079    0.118    9.122    0.000    1.079    0.594
##    .Q3_10             0.366    0.068    5.377    0.000    0.366    0.397
##    .Q4_1              0.133    0.034    3.940    0.000    0.133    0.174
##    .Q4_2              0.224    0.041    5.401    0.000    0.224    0.255
##    .Q4_3              0.093    0.016    5.926    0.000    0.093    0.129
##    .Q4_4              0.149    0.026    5.705    0.000    0.149    0.193
##    .Q4_5              0.233    0.036    6.433    0.000    0.233    0.308
##    .Q4_6              0.163    0.025    6.490    0.000    0.163    0.199
##    .Q4_7              0.338    0.056    6.000    0.000    0.338    0.310
##    .Q4_8              0.232    0.036    6.526    0.000    0.232    0.303
##    .Q4_9              0.785    0.100    7.837    0.000    0.785    0.731
##    .Q4_10             0.183    0.039    4.630    0.000    0.183    0.231
##    .Q5_1              0.248    0.040    6.171    0.000    0.248    0.292
##    .Q5_2              0.286    0.055    5.168    0.000    0.286    0.314
##    .Q5_4              0.131    0.024    5.531    0.000    0.131    0.191
##    .Q5_5              0.311    0.059    5.307    0.000    0.311    0.398
##    .Q5_6              0.187    0.031    6.034    0.000    0.187    0.287
##    .Q5_7              0.180    0.028    6.399    0.000    0.180    0.215
##    .Q5_8              0.618    0.106    5.853    0.000    0.618    0.626
##    .Q5_9              0.159    0.020    7.766    0.000    0.159    0.260
##    .Q5_10             0.383    0.053    7.156    0.000    0.383    0.491
##    .Q5_11             0.151    0.035    4.313    0.000    0.151    0.200
##     Important_Mddl    1.296    0.129   10.061    0.000    1.296    1.000
##     Important_High    0.707    0.151    4.700    0.000    0.707    1.000
##     Sex_Pos          69.330    7.624    9.094    0.000   69.330    1.000
##     Sex_Neg          20.620    5.179    3.982    0.000   20.620    1.000
##     CSE               1.000                               1.000    1.000
##do attitudes toward comprehensive sex education relate to political affiliation?
csek12one.val2 <- '
             CSE =~ Q2_1 + Q2_2 + Q2_3 + Q2_4 + Q2_5 + Q2_6 + Q2_7 + Q2_8 + Q2_9 + Q3_1 + Q3_2 + Q3_3 + Q3_4 + Q3_5 + Q3_6 + Q3_7 + Q3_8 + Q3_9 + Q3_10 + Q4_1 + Q4_2 + Q4_3 + Q4_4 + Q4_5 + Q4_6 + Q4_7 + Q4_8 + Q4_9 + Q4_10 + Q5_1 + Q5_2 + Q5_4 + Q5_5 + Q5_6 + Q5_7 + Q5_8 + Q5_9 + Q5_10 + Q5_11
        
          #covariances
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_4
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_4 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q5_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_5
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_5 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_7 ~~ Q4_8
          Q2_8 ~~ Q2_9
          CSE ~~ Important_Middle
          CSE ~~ Important_High
          CSE ~~ Sex_Pos
          CSE ~~ Sex_Neg
          CSE ~~ PolAff
'
csek12one.fit.val2 <- cfa(csek12one.val2, data = csek12, std.lv = TRUE, missing = "FIML", estimator = "MLR")
summary(csek12one.fit.val2, standardized = TRUE)
## lavaan 0.6-18 ended normally after 206 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                       147
## 
##   Number of observations                           298
##   Number of missing patterns                         3
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                              3221.503    2021.611
##   Degrees of freedom                               887         887
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.594
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##   CSE =~                                                                
##     Q2_1              0.741    0.050   14.675    0.000    0.741    0.804
##     Q2_2              0.669    0.057   11.693    0.000    0.669    0.662
##     Q2_3              0.681    0.055   12.325    0.000    0.681    0.827
##     Q2_4              0.739    0.051   14.607    0.000    0.739    0.788
##     Q2_5              0.752    0.053   14.233    0.000    0.752    0.802
##     Q2_6              0.720    0.056   12.749    0.000    0.720    0.769
##     Q2_7              0.672    0.060   11.123    0.000    0.672    0.804
##     Q2_8              0.664    0.058   11.368    0.000    0.664    0.774
##     Q2_9              0.577    0.063    9.186    0.000    0.577    0.719
##     Q3_1              0.772    0.051   15.253    0.000    0.772    0.875
##     Q3_2              0.762    0.053   14.495    0.000    0.762    0.882
##     Q3_3              0.675    0.064   10.558    0.000    0.675    0.845
##     Q3_4              0.797    0.051   15.534    0.000    0.797    0.902
##     Q3_5              0.717    0.059   12.219    0.000    0.717    0.850
##     Q3_6              0.676    0.062   10.961    0.000    0.676    0.796
##     Q3_7              0.806    0.049   16.479    0.000    0.806    0.770
##     Q3_8              0.798    0.049   16.228    0.000    0.798    0.653
##     Q3_9              0.829    0.040   20.562    0.000    0.829    0.624
##     Q3_10             0.719    0.056   12.752    0.000    0.719    0.765
##     Q4_1              0.766    0.053   14.395    0.000    0.766    0.903
##     Q4_2              0.780    0.051   15.267    0.000    0.780    0.855
##     Q4_3              0.765    0.055   13.933    0.000    0.765    0.929
##     Q4_4              0.761    0.057   13.382    0.000    0.761    0.892
##     Q4_5              0.697    0.059   11.855    0.000    0.697    0.822
##     Q4_6              0.782    0.055   14.275    0.000    0.782    0.888
##     Q4_7              0.837    0.048   17.461    0.000    0.837    0.822
##     Q4_8              0.704    0.063   11.140    0.000    0.704    0.825
##     Q4_9              0.518    0.064    8.110    0.000    0.518    0.504
##     Q4_10             0.752    0.055   13.556    0.000    0.752    0.869
##     Q5_1              0.748    0.053   14.076    0.000    0.748    0.832
##     Q5_2              0.762    0.056   13.671    0.000    0.762    0.818
##     Q5_4              0.717    0.059   12.099    0.000    0.717    0.893
##     Q5_5              0.661    0.062   10.721    0.000    0.661    0.764
##     Q5_6              0.656    0.061   10.770    0.000    0.656    0.835
##     Q5_7              0.781    0.058   13.546    0.000    0.781    0.879
##     Q5_8              0.585    0.068    8.556    0.000    0.585    0.597
##     Q5_9              0.648    0.061   10.686    0.000    0.648    0.851
##     Q5_10             0.607    0.066    9.200    0.000    0.607    0.700
##     Q5_11             0.748    0.058   12.865    0.000    0.748    0.887
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##  .Q2_3 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_4              0.069    0.035    1.983    0.047    0.069    0.257
##    .Q2_5              0.032    0.023    1.399    0.162    0.032    0.124
##    .Q5_5              0.015    0.021    0.712    0.477    0.015    0.058
##    .Q5_6              0.004    0.015    0.236    0.813    0.004    0.018
##  .Q2_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_5              0.139    0.033    4.251    0.000    0.139    0.430
##    .Q5_5              0.019    0.023    0.822    0.411    0.019    0.059
##    .Q5_6             -0.035    0.015   -2.306    0.021   -0.035   -0.139
##  .Q2_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_5              0.067    0.030    2.260    0.024    0.067    0.214
##    .Q5_6             -0.054    0.017   -3.138    0.002   -0.054   -0.225
##  .Q5_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_6              0.003    0.020    0.155    0.876    0.003    0.013
##  .Q4_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_5              0.060    0.022    2.784    0.005    0.060    0.324
##    .Q4_6              0.039    0.017    2.279    0.023    0.039    0.250
##  .Q4_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_6              0.065    0.021    3.128    0.002    0.065    0.332
##  .Q4_7 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_8              0.019    0.025    0.759    0.448    0.019    0.067
##  .Q2_8 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_9              0.142    0.032    4.427    0.000    0.142    0.468
##   CSE ~~                                                                
##     Important_Mddl   -0.396    0.105   -3.791    0.000   -0.396   -0.348
##     Important_High   -0.478    0.110   -4.358    0.000   -0.478   -0.569
##     Sex_Pos           0.417    0.486    0.859    0.391    0.417    0.050
##     Sex_Neg          -0.269    0.392   -0.687    0.492   -0.269   -0.059
##     PolAff            0.388    0.135    2.862    0.004    0.388    0.197
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##    .Q2_1              4.275    0.061   70.405    0.000    4.275    4.642
##    .Q2_2              4.208    0.064   65.628    0.000    4.208    4.165
##    .Q2_3              4.440    0.055   81.208    0.000    4.440    5.390
##    .Q2_4              4.282    0.062   69.578    0.000    4.282    4.567
##    .Q2_5              4.289    0.062   69.393    0.000    4.289    4.573
##    .Q2_6              4.369    0.061   71.522    0.000    4.369    4.670
##    .Q2_7              4.456    0.055   80.830    0.000    4.456    5.329
##    .Q2_8              4.349    0.056   77.492    0.000    4.349    5.066
##    .Q2_9              4.453    0.052   86.045    0.000    4.453    5.541
##    .Q3_1              4.369    0.059   73.547    0.000    4.369    4.950
##    .Q3_2              4.403    0.058   75.537    0.000    4.403    5.094
##    .Q3_3              4.483    0.053   84.091    0.000    4.483    5.609
##    .Q3_4              4.386    0.060   73.221    0.000    4.386    4.969
##    .Q3_5              4.460    0.056   79.139    0.000    4.460    5.288
##    .Q3_6              4.490    0.056   80.328    0.000    4.490    5.291
##    .Q3_7              4.228    0.068   61.889    0.000    4.228    4.042
##    .Q3_8              4.074    0.077   52.615    0.000    4.074    3.331
##    .Q3_9              3.815    0.083   45.705    0.000    3.815    2.874
##    .Q3_10             4.248    0.061   69.311    0.000    4.248    4.521
##    .Q4_1              4.419    0.058   76.735    0.000    4.419    5.208
##    .Q4_2              4.322    0.061   70.787    0.000    4.322    4.736
##    .Q4_3              4.463    0.056   79.187    0.000    4.463    5.416
##    .Q4_4              4.463    0.058   77.292    0.000    4.463    5.228
##    .Q4_5              4.497    0.056   80.009    0.000    4.497    5.303
##    .Q4_6              4.406    0.059   74.112    0.000    4.406    5.008
##    .Q4_7              4.228    0.067   62.650    0.000    4.228    4.152
##    .Q4_8              4.540    0.057   80.283    0.000    4.540    5.326
##    .Q4_9              4.205    0.063   66.927    0.000    4.205    4.096
##    .Q4_10             4.406    0.058   75.823    0.000    4.406    5.095
##    .Q5_1              4.322    0.060   72.333    0.000    4.322    4.808
##    .Q5_2              4.369    0.062   70.883    0.000    4.369    4.693
##    .Q5_4              4.503    0.054   82.831    0.000    4.503    5.605
##    .Q5_5              4.419    0.056   78.347    0.000    4.419    5.109
##    .Q5_6              4.510    0.052   86.312    0.000    4.510    5.742
##    .Q5_7              4.423    0.060   73.826    0.000    4.423    4.974
##    .Q5_8              4.362    0.061   71.255    0.000    4.362    4.451
##    .Q5_9              4.557    0.051   89.635    0.000    4.557    5.991
##    .Q5_10             4.379    0.056   78.816    0.000    4.379    5.052
##    .Q5_11             4.477    0.057   78.561    0.000    4.477    5.307
##     Important_Mddl    1.859    0.066   28.195    0.000    1.859    1.633
##     Important_High    1.302    0.049   26.723    0.000    1.302    1.548
##     Sex_Pos          38.876    0.482   80.598    0.000   38.876    4.669
##     Sex_Neg          11.218    0.263   42.646    0.000   11.218    2.470
##     PolAff            4.946    0.115   43.130    0.000    4.946    2.517
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##    .Q2_1              0.300    0.046    6.554    0.000    0.300    0.353
##    .Q2_2              0.573    0.078    7.383    0.000    0.573    0.561
##    .Q2_3              0.214    0.038    5.658    0.000    0.214    0.316
##    .Q2_4              0.333    0.052    6.438    0.000    0.333    0.379
##    .Q2_5              0.313    0.042    7.479    0.000    0.313    0.356
##    .Q2_6              0.358    0.079    4.503    0.000    0.358    0.409
##    .Q2_7              0.247    0.041    6.009    0.000    0.247    0.354
##    .Q2_8              0.296    0.041    7.289    0.000    0.296    0.402
##    .Q2_9              0.312    0.040    7.904    0.000    0.312    0.484
##    .Q3_1              0.183    0.055    3.325    0.001    0.183    0.235
##    .Q3_2              0.166    0.031    5.274    0.000    0.166    0.222
##    .Q3_3              0.183    0.051    3.599    0.000    0.183    0.287
##    .Q3_4              0.145    0.029    4.991    0.000    0.145    0.186
##    .Q3_5              0.197    0.043    4.583    0.000    0.197    0.277
##    .Q3_6              0.264    0.045    5.862    0.000    0.264    0.366
##    .Q3_7              0.445    0.078    5.736    0.000    0.445    0.407
##    .Q3_8              0.859    0.122    7.038    0.000    0.859    0.574
##    .Q3_9              1.076    0.118    9.096    0.000    1.076    0.610
##    .Q3_10             0.366    0.068    5.376    0.000    0.366    0.415
##    .Q4_1              0.133    0.034    3.944    0.000    0.133    0.185
##    .Q4_2              0.224    0.042    5.403    0.000    0.224    0.269
##    .Q4_3              0.094    0.016    5.933    0.000    0.094    0.138
##    .Q4_4              0.149    0.026    5.705    0.000    0.149    0.205
##    .Q4_5              0.233    0.036    6.437    0.000    0.233    0.324
##    .Q4_6              0.163    0.025    6.508    0.000    0.163    0.211
##    .Q4_7              0.337    0.056    6.008    0.000    0.337    0.325
##    .Q4_8              0.232    0.035    6.540    0.000    0.232    0.319
##    .Q4_9              0.786    0.100    7.844    0.000    0.786    0.746
##    .Q4_10             0.183    0.040    4.629    0.000    0.183    0.245
##    .Q5_1              0.248    0.040    6.169    0.000    0.248    0.307
##    .Q5_2              0.287    0.055    5.172    0.000    0.287    0.331
##    .Q5_4              0.131    0.024    5.532    0.000    0.131    0.203
##    .Q5_5              0.311    0.059    5.310    0.000    0.311    0.416
##    .Q5_6              0.187    0.031    6.034    0.000    0.187    0.302
##    .Q5_7              0.180    0.028    6.401    0.000    0.180    0.228
##    .Q5_8              0.618    0.106    5.856    0.000    0.618    0.644
##    .Q5_9              0.159    0.021    7.759    0.000    0.159    0.275
##    .Q5_10             0.383    0.053    7.162    0.000    0.383    0.510
##    .Q5_11             0.151    0.035    4.318    0.000    0.151    0.213
##     Important_Mddl    1.296    0.129   10.061    0.000    1.296    1.000
##     Important_High    0.707    0.151    4.700    0.000    0.707    1.000
##     Sex_Pos          69.331    7.624    9.094    0.000   69.331    1.000
##     Sex_Neg          20.620    5.178    3.982    0.000   20.620    1.000
##     PolAff            3.861    0.235   16.419    0.000    3.861    1.000
##     CSE               1.000                               1.000    1.000
##do attitudes toward comprehensive sex education predict voting intentions? Do voting intentions predict sex positivity and negativity?
csek12one.val3 <- '
             CSE =~ Q2_1 + Q2_2 + Q2_3 + Q2_4 + Q2_5 + Q2_6 + Q2_7 + Q2_8 + Q2_9 + Q3_1 + Q3_2 + Q3_3 + Q3_4 + Q3_5 + Q3_6 + Q3_7 + Q3_8 + Q3_9 + Q3_10 + Q4_1 + Q4_2 + Q4_3 + Q4_4 + Q4_5 + Q4_6 + Q4_7 + Q4_8 + Q4_9 + Q4_10 + Q5_1 + Q5_2 + Q5_4 + Q5_5 + Q5_6 + Q5_7 + Q5_8 + Q5_9 + Q5_10 + Q5_11
        
          #covariances
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_4
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_4 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q5_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_5
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_5 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_7 ~~ Q4_8
          Q2_8 ~~ Q2_9
          CSE ~~ Important_Middle
          CSE ~~ Important_High
          CSE ~~ Sex_Pos
          CSE ~~ Sex_Neg
          CSE ~~ PolAff
          
          #regressions
          Sex_Pos ~ Vote1
          Sex_Neg ~ Vote1
'
csek12one.fit.val3 <- cfa(csek12one.val3, data = csek12, std.lv = TRUE, estimator = "MLR")
summary(csek12one.fit.val3, fit.measures = TRUE, standardized = TRUE)
## lavaan 0.6-18 ended normally after 161 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                       106
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                           273         298
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                               Standard      Scaled
##   Test Statistic                              3364.557    2083.222
##   Degrees of freedom                               928         928
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.615
##     Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       
## 
## Model Test Baseline Model:
## 
##   Test statistic                             17666.465   10333.399
##   Degrees of freedom                               990         990
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.710
## 
## User Model versus Baseline Model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.854       0.876
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.844       0.868
##                                                                   
##   Robust Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                         0.883
##   Robust Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                            0.875
## 
## Loglikelihood and Information Criteria:
## 
##   Loglikelihood user model (H0)             -11092.593  -11092.593
##   Scaling correction factor                                  3.006
##       for the MLR correction                                      
##   Loglikelihood unrestricted model (H1)             NA          NA
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.758
##       for the MLR correction                                      
##                                                                   
##   Akaike (AIC)                               22397.185   22397.185
##   Bayesian (BIC)                             22779.789   22779.789
##   Sample-size adjusted Bayesian (SABIC)      22443.689   22443.689
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.098       0.068
##   90 Percent confidence interval - lower         0.095       0.064
##   90 Percent confidence interval - upper         0.102       0.071
##   P-value H_0: RMSEA <= 0.050                    0.000       0.000
##   P-value H_0: RMSEA >= 0.080                    1.000       0.000
##                                                                   
##   Robust RMSEA                                               0.086
##   90 Percent confidence interval - lower                     0.081
##   90 Percent confidence interval - upper                     0.091
##   P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA <= 0.050                         0.000
##   P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA >= 0.080                         0.974
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.265       0.265
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Sandwich
##   Information bread                           Observed
##   Observed information based on                Hessian
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##   CSE =~                                                                
##     Q2_1              0.726    0.054   13.471    0.000    0.726    0.804
##     Q2_2              0.668    0.060   11.060    0.000    0.668    0.659
##     Q2_3              0.673    0.057   11.905    0.000    0.673    0.825
##     Q2_4              0.747    0.052   14.287    0.000    0.747    0.810
##     Q2_5              0.751    0.056   13.533    0.000    0.751    0.819
##     Q2_6              0.710    0.060   11.839    0.000    0.710    0.794
##     Q2_7              0.670    0.064   10.481    0.000    0.670    0.806
##     Q2_8              0.652    0.061   10.659    0.000    0.652    0.769
##     Q2_9              0.560    0.066    8.515    0.000    0.560    0.711
##     Q3_1              0.774    0.052   14.993    0.000    0.774    0.878
##     Q3_2              0.756    0.055   13.809    0.000    0.756    0.879
##     Q3_3              0.651    0.068    9.579    0.000    0.651    0.848
##     Q3_4              0.791    0.054   14.705    0.000    0.791    0.900
##     Q3_5              0.702    0.062   11.396    0.000    0.702    0.841
##     Q3_6              0.661    0.064   10.298    0.000    0.661    0.802
##     Q3_7              0.815    0.050   16.384    0.000    0.815    0.791
##     Q3_8              0.821    0.050   16.317    0.000    0.821    0.680
##     Q3_9              0.848    0.042   20.433    0.000    0.848    0.645
##     Q3_10             0.715    0.059   12.206    0.000    0.715    0.791
##     Q4_1              0.749    0.056   13.412    0.000    0.749    0.912
##     Q4_2              0.777    0.053   14.735    0.000    0.777    0.849
##     Q4_3              0.756    0.057   13.317    0.000    0.756    0.928
##     Q4_4              0.747    0.060   12.490    0.000    0.747    0.893
##     Q4_5              0.683    0.061   11.139    0.000    0.683    0.824
##     Q4_6              0.773    0.057   13.586    0.000    0.773    0.889
##     Q4_7              0.825    0.051   16.104    0.000    0.825    0.837
##     Q4_8              0.689    0.066   10.389    0.000    0.689    0.824
##     Q4_9              0.504    0.066    7.592    0.000    0.504    0.489
##     Q4_10             0.733    0.059   12.355    0.000    0.733    0.877
##     Q5_1              0.722    0.056   12.838    0.000    0.722    0.852
##     Q5_2              0.754    0.059   12.873    0.000    0.754    0.810
##     Q5_4              0.700    0.062   11.241    0.000    0.700    0.891
##     Q5_5              0.658    0.064   10.220    0.000    0.658    0.766
##     Q5_6              0.649    0.064   10.197    0.000    0.649    0.839
##     Q5_7              0.769    0.061   12.669    0.000    0.769    0.889
##     Q5_8              0.578    0.070    8.268    0.000    0.578    0.588
##     Q5_9              0.639    0.063   10.173    0.000    0.639    0.858
##     Q5_10             0.582    0.069    8.396    0.000    0.582    0.681
##     Q5_11             0.733    0.062   11.909    0.000    0.733    0.895
## 
## Regressions:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##   Sex_Pos ~                                                             
##     Vote1             2.997    1.817    1.650    0.099    2.997    0.128
##   Sex_Neg ~                                                             
##     Vote1             0.177    0.861    0.206    0.837    0.177    0.014
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##  .Q2_3 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_4              0.067    0.037    1.803    0.071    0.067    0.268
##    .Q2_5              0.028    0.025    1.153    0.249    0.028    0.117
##    .Q5_5              0.017    0.022    0.772    0.440    0.017    0.066
##    .Q5_6              0.016    0.015    1.053    0.293    0.016    0.084
##  .Q2_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_5              0.118    0.028    4.221    0.000    0.118    0.416
##    .Q5_5              0.017    0.023    0.729    0.466    0.017    0.056
##    .Q5_6             -0.035    0.015   -2.386    0.017   -0.035   -0.153
##  .Q2_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_5              0.052    0.030    1.731    0.083    0.052    0.180
##    .Q5_6             -0.049    0.018   -2.708    0.007   -0.049   -0.223
##  .Q5_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_6              0.006    0.020    0.275    0.783    0.006    0.024
##  .Q4_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_5              0.054    0.022    2.467    0.014    0.054    0.307
##    .Q4_6              0.030    0.018    1.656    0.098    0.030    0.198
##  .Q4_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_6              0.053    0.021    2.532    0.011    0.053    0.283
##  .Q4_7 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_8              0.015    0.025    0.616    0.538    0.015    0.059
##  .Q2_8 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_9              0.139    0.034    4.101    0.000    0.139    0.466
##   CSE ~~                                                                
##     Important_Mddl   -0.384    0.112   -3.431    0.001   -0.384   -0.344
##     Important_High   -0.481    0.114   -4.206    0.000   -0.481   -0.578
##    .Sex_Pos           0.476    0.485    0.981    0.327    0.476    0.061
##    .Sex_Neg          -0.330    0.383   -0.862    0.388   -0.330   -0.074
##     PolAff            0.430    0.143    3.010    0.003    0.430    0.223
##  .Sex_Pos ~~                                                            
##    .Sex_Neg         -16.332    4.884   -3.344    0.001  -16.332   -0.470
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##    .Q2_1              0.288    0.048    5.942    0.000    0.288    0.353
##    .Q2_2              0.580    0.084    6.926    0.000    0.580    0.565
##    .Q2_3              0.212    0.041    5.217    0.000    0.212    0.319
##    .Q2_4              0.293    0.048    6.116    0.000    0.293    0.344
##    .Q2_5              0.276    0.041    6.789    0.000    0.276    0.329
##    .Q2_6              0.295    0.069    4.256    0.000    0.295    0.369
##    .Q2_7              0.241    0.044    5.491    0.000    0.241    0.350
##    .Q2_8              0.293    0.043    6.869    0.000    0.293    0.408
##    .Q2_9              0.306    0.041    7.468    0.000    0.306    0.494
##    .Q3_1              0.179    0.059    3.022    0.003    0.179    0.230
##    .Q3_2              0.168    0.034    4.963    0.000    0.168    0.228
##    .Q3_3              0.166    0.052    3.187    0.001    0.166    0.282
##    .Q3_4              0.146    0.032    4.640    0.000    0.146    0.190
##    .Q3_5              0.205    0.046    4.419    0.000    0.205    0.293
##    .Q3_6              0.243    0.047    5.205    0.000    0.243    0.357
##    .Q3_7              0.398    0.081    4.905    0.000    0.398    0.375
##    .Q3_8              0.782    0.123    6.332    0.000    0.782    0.537
##    .Q3_9              1.009    0.122    8.280    0.000    1.009    0.584
##    .Q3_10             0.306    0.054    5.700    0.000    0.306    0.375
##    .Q4_1              0.113    0.024    4.644    0.000    0.113    0.168
##    .Q4_2              0.233    0.044    5.236    0.000    0.233    0.278
##    .Q4_3              0.092    0.016    5.683    0.000    0.092    0.139
##    .Q4_4              0.141    0.027    5.314    0.000    0.141    0.202
##    .Q4_5              0.221    0.036    6.130    0.000    0.221    0.321
##    .Q4_6              0.159    0.026    6.047    0.000    0.159    0.210
##    .Q4_7              0.292    0.058    5.035    0.000    0.292    0.300
##    .Q4_8              0.225    0.038    5.965    0.000    0.225    0.321
##    .Q4_9              0.810    0.107    7.582    0.000    0.810    0.761
##    .Q4_10             0.161    0.033    4.819    0.000    0.161    0.230
##    .Q5_1              0.197    0.033    5.928    0.000    0.197    0.275
##    .Q5_2              0.298    0.060    4.982    0.000    0.298    0.344
##    .Q5_4              0.128    0.024    5.251    0.000    0.128    0.206
##    .Q5_5              0.305    0.063    4.830    0.000    0.305    0.413
##    .Q5_6              0.177    0.033    5.356    0.000    0.177    0.295
##    .Q5_7              0.157    0.026    5.952    0.000    0.157    0.210
##    .Q5_8              0.631    0.113    5.579    0.000    0.631    0.654
##    .Q5_9              0.147    0.021    6.837    0.000    0.147    0.264
##    .Q5_10             0.392    0.056    6.951    0.000    0.392    0.537
##    .Q5_11             0.134    0.024    5.456    0.000    0.134    0.199
##    .Sex_Pos          61.246    6.698    9.144    0.000   61.246    0.983
##    .Sex_Neg          19.746    5.637    3.503    0.000   19.746    1.000
##     Important_Mddl    1.242    0.140    8.850    0.000    1.242    1.000
##     Important_High    0.692    0.159    4.349    0.000    0.692    1.000
##     PolAff            3.717    0.257   14.453    0.000    3.717    1.000
##     CSE               1.000                               1.000    1.000
psych::describeBy(csek12$Sex_Pos, group = csek12$Vote1)
## 
##  Descriptive statistics by group 
## group: 1
##    vars  n  mean   sd median trimmed  mad min max range  skew kurtosis   se
## X1    1 36 36.33 9.35     40   37.23 9.64  15  48    33 -0.78    -0.29 1.56
## ------------------------------------------------------------ 
## group: 2
##    vars   n  mean   sd median trimmed mad min max range  skew kurtosis   se
## X1    1 243 39.85 7.59     40   40.76 8.9   8  48    40 -1.08     1.55 0.49
psych::describeBy(csek12$Sex_Neg, group = csek12$Vote1)
## 
##  Descriptive statistics by group 
## group: 1
##    vars  n  mean   sd median trimmed  mad min max range skew kurtosis   se
## X1    1 36 11.22 4.15     10    10.6 2.97   8  24    16 1.26     0.72 0.69
## ------------------------------------------------------------ 
## group: 2
##    vars   n  mean   sd median trimmed  mad min max range skew kurtosis   se
## X1    1 243 11.01 4.46     10   10.12 2.97   8  48    40 3.88    22.48 0.29
csek12one.val3.1 <- '
             CSE =~ Q2_1 + Q2_2 + Q2_3 + Q2_4 + Q2_5 + Q2_6 + Q2_7 + Q2_8 + Q2_9 + Q3_1 + Q3_2 + Q3_3 + Q3_4 + Q3_5 + Q3_6 + Q3_7 + Q3_8 + Q3_9 + Q3_10 + Q4_1 + Q4_2 + Q4_3 + Q4_4 + Q4_5 + Q4_6 + Q4_7 + Q4_8 + Q4_9 + Q4_10 + Q5_1 + Q5_2 + Q5_4 + Q5_5 + Q5_6 + Q5_7 + Q5_8 + Q5_9 + Q5_10 + Q5_11
        
          #covariances
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_4
          Q2_3 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_3 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_4 ~~ Q2_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_4 ~~ Q5_6
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_5
          Q2_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q5_5 ~~ Q5_6
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_5
          Q4_4 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_5 ~~ Q4_6
          Q4_7 ~~ Q4_8
          Q2_8 ~~ Q2_9
          CSE ~~ Important_Middle
          CSE ~~ Important_High
          CSE ~~ Sex_Pos
          CSE ~~ Sex_Neg
          CSE ~~ PolAff
          
          #regressions
          Vote1 ~ CSE
'
csek12one.fit.val3.1 <- cfa(csek12one.val3.1, data = csek12, std.lv = TRUE, estimator = "DWLS")
## Warning: lavaan->lav_options_est_dwls():  
##    estimator "DWLS" is not recommended for continuous data. Did you forget to 
##    set the ordered= argument?
## Warning: lavaan->lav_samplestats_from_data():  
##    number of observations (273) too small to compute Gamma
summary(csek12one.fit.val3.1, fit.measures = TRUE, standardized = TRUE)
## lavaan 0.6-18 ended normally after 65 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of model parameters                       105
## 
##                                                   Used       Total
##   Number of observations                           273         298
## 
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                               295.351
##   Degrees of freedom                               930
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           1.000
## 
## Model Test Baseline Model:
## 
##   Test statistic                             31100.762
##   Degrees of freedom                               990
##   P-value                                        0.000
## 
## User Model versus Baseline Model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    1.000
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       1.022
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.000
##   90 Percent confidence interval - lower         0.000
##   90 Percent confidence interval - upper         0.000
##   P-value H_0: RMSEA <= 0.050                    1.000
##   P-value H_0: RMSEA >= 0.080                    0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.051
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Standard errors                             Standard
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Information saturated (h1) model        Unstructured
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##   CSE =~                                                                
##     Q2_1              0.892    0.022   40.450    0.000    0.892    0.866
##     Q2_2              0.801    0.022   37.013    0.000    0.801    0.721
##     Q2_3              0.811    0.022   36.375    0.000    0.811    0.867
##     Q2_4              0.922    0.024   38.548    0.000    0.922    0.875
##     Q2_5              0.916    0.025   37.242    0.000    0.916    0.872
##     Q2_6              0.858    0.023   36.641    0.000    0.858    0.844
##     Q2_7              0.803    0.022   36.830    0.000    0.803    0.847
##     Q2_8              0.792    0.022   35.894    0.000    0.792    0.828
##     Q2_9              0.667    0.020   33.414    0.000    0.667    0.763
##     Q3_1              0.936    0.023   40.318    0.000    0.936    0.911
##     Q3_2              0.915    0.023   39.269    0.000    0.915    0.913
##     Q3_3              0.782    0.022   36.327    0.000    0.782    0.881
##     Q3_4              0.955    0.024   39.780    0.000    0.955    0.928
##     Q3_5              0.849    0.023   36.368    0.000    0.849    0.881
##     Q3_6              0.787    0.023   34.874    0.000    0.787    0.838
##     Q3_7              1.000    0.024   41.961    0.000    1.000    0.854
##     Q3_8              1.014    0.024   41.793    0.000    1.014    0.762
##     Q3_9              1.052    0.023   46.191    0.000    1.052    0.732
##     Q3_10             0.869    0.022   39.293    0.000    0.869    0.847
##     Q4_1              0.905    0.024   38.420    0.000    0.905    0.937
##     Q4_2              0.934    0.023   39.805    0.000    0.934    0.884
##     Q4_3              0.907    0.023   39.053    0.000    0.907    0.942
##     Q4_4              0.900    0.024   36.767    0.000    0.900    0.920
##     Q4_5              0.820    0.023   35.005    0.000    0.820    0.862
##     Q4_6              0.934    0.024   38.254    0.000    0.934    0.919
##     Q4_7              1.003    0.024   41.444    0.000    1.003    0.883
##     Q4_8              0.823    0.025   33.470    0.000    0.823    0.858
##     Q4_9              0.611    0.020   29.950    0.000    0.611    0.561
##     Q4_10             0.883    0.023   38.189    0.000    0.883    0.907
##     Q5_1              0.879    0.023   38.709    0.000    0.879    0.898
##     Q5_2              0.903    0.024   38.056    0.000    0.903    0.849
##     Q5_4              0.835    0.023   36.074    0.000    0.835    0.908
##     Q5_5              0.791    0.023   33.847    0.000    0.791    0.816
##     Q5_6              0.784    0.023   34.232    0.000    0.784    0.881
##     Q5_7              0.923    0.024   37.932    0.000    0.923    0.913
##     Q5_8              0.686    0.022   30.910    0.000    0.686    0.648
##     Q5_9              0.765    0.022   35.371    0.000    0.765    0.887
##     Q5_10             0.701    0.021   33.432    0.000    0.701    0.744
##     Q5_11             0.879    0.024   37.170    0.000    0.879    0.917
## 
## Regressions:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##   Vote1 ~                                                               
##     CSE               0.260    0.007   37.083    0.000    0.260    0.766
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##  .Q2_3 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_4              0.054    0.125    0.434    0.664    0.054    0.228
##    .Q2_5              0.024    0.123    0.200    0.842    0.024    0.102
##    .Q5_5              0.023    0.120    0.191    0.848    0.023    0.088
##    .Q5_6              0.019    0.115    0.163    0.870    0.019    0.095
##  .Q2_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_5              0.095    0.135    0.702    0.483    0.095    0.362
##    .Q5_5              0.007    0.125    0.052    0.958    0.007    0.023
##    .Q5_6             -0.049    0.121   -0.403    0.687   -0.049   -0.227
##  .Q2_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_5              0.051    0.128    0.396    0.692    0.051    0.177
##    .Q5_6             -0.055    0.122   -0.450    0.653   -0.055   -0.254
##  .Q5_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q5_6              0.010    0.120    0.083    0.934    0.010    0.042
##  .Q4_4 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_5              0.063    0.142    0.442    0.658    0.063    0.339
##    .Q4_6              0.033    0.146    0.226    0.821    0.033    0.215
##  .Q4_5 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_6              0.060    0.139    0.431    0.666    0.060    0.310
##  .Q4_7 ~~                                                               
##    .Q4_8              0.022    0.148    0.148    0.883    0.022    0.083
##  .Q2_8 ~~                                                               
##    .Q2_9              0.145    0.113    1.287    0.198    0.145    0.478
##   CSE ~~                                                                
##     Important_Mddl   -0.802    0.022  -35.936    0.000   -0.802   -0.718
##     Important_High   -0.612    0.023  -26.373    0.000   -0.612   -0.735
##     Sex_Pos           1.512    0.082   18.442    0.000    1.512    0.191
##     Sex_Neg          -0.446    0.053   -8.339    0.000   -0.446   -0.100
##     PolAff            1.050    0.029   36.427    0.000    1.050    0.544
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
##    .Q2_1              0.265    0.140    1.890    0.059    0.265    0.250
##    .Q2_2              0.594    0.138    4.291    0.000    0.594    0.481
##    .Q2_3              0.217    0.130    1.668    0.095    0.217    0.248
##    .Q2_4              0.260    0.140    1.858    0.063    0.260    0.234
##    .Q2_5              0.263    0.144    1.823    0.068    0.263    0.239
##    .Q2_6              0.297    0.151    1.965    0.049    0.297    0.288
##    .Q2_7              0.253    0.141    1.793    0.073    0.253    0.282
##    .Q2_8              0.288    0.126    2.290    0.022    0.288    0.314
##    .Q2_9              0.320    0.115    2.785    0.005    0.320    0.418
##    .Q3_1              0.179    0.147    1.221    0.222    0.179    0.170
##    .Q3_2              0.167    0.144    1.157    0.247    0.167    0.166
##    .Q3_3              0.176    0.128    1.369    0.171    0.176    0.223
##    .Q3_4              0.148    0.154    0.961    0.336    0.148    0.140
##    .Q3_5              0.207    0.145    1.426    0.154    0.207    0.223
##    .Q3_6              0.262    0.145    1.813    0.070    0.262    0.297
##    .Q3_7              0.370    0.159    2.332    0.020    0.370    0.270
##    .Q3_8              0.742    0.178    4.165    0.000    0.742    0.419
##    .Q3_9              0.958    0.157    6.083    0.000    0.958    0.464
##    .Q3_10             0.299    0.135    2.218    0.027    0.299    0.283
##    .Q4_1              0.113    0.145    0.780    0.435    0.113    0.121
##    .Q4_2              0.244    0.144    1.699    0.089    0.244    0.219
##    .Q4_3              0.104    0.143    0.730    0.465    0.104    0.112
##    .Q4_4              0.147    0.155    0.949    0.343    0.147    0.154
##    .Q4_5              0.232    0.146    1.596    0.111    0.232    0.257
##    .Q4_6              0.160    0.151    1.059    0.290    0.160    0.155
##    .Q4_7              0.283    0.157    1.799    0.072    0.283    0.220
##    .Q4_8              0.243    0.161    1.509    0.131    0.243    0.264
##    .Q4_9              0.812    0.127    6.388    0.000    0.812    0.685
##    .Q4_10             0.168    0.144    1.163    0.245    0.168    0.177
##    .Q5_1              0.186    0.133    1.403    0.161    0.186    0.194
##    .Q5_2              0.315    0.154    2.048    0.041    0.315    0.279
##    .Q5_4              0.148    0.143    1.036    0.300    0.148    0.175
##    .Q5_5              0.314    0.140    2.239    0.025    0.314    0.334
##    .Q5_6              0.178    0.135    1.323    0.186    0.178    0.225
##    .Q5_7              0.170    0.160    1.067    0.286    0.170    0.167
##    .Q5_8              0.652    0.145    4.483    0.000    0.652    0.581
##    .Q5_9              0.159    0.129    1.237    0.216    0.159    0.214
##    .Q5_10             0.397    0.118    3.361    0.001    0.397    0.447
##    .Q5_11             0.147    0.151    0.968    0.333    0.147    0.159
##    .Vote1             0.048    0.016    3.058    0.002    0.048    0.413
##     Important_Mddl    1.247    0.141    8.866    0.000    1.247    1.000
##     Important_High    0.694    0.159    4.357    0.000    0.694    1.000
##     Sex_Pos          62.853    6.933    9.065    0.000   62.853    1.000
##     Sex_Neg          19.808    5.646    3.508    0.000   19.808    1.000
##     PolAff            3.731    0.258   14.480    0.000    3.731    1.000
##     CSE               1.000                               1.000    1.000