Instalar paquetes y llamar librerías

#install.packages("e1071")
library(e1071)
#install.packages("caret") 
library(caret)
## Cargando paquete requerido: ggplot2
## Cargando paquete requerido: lattice

Crear la base de datos

df <- read.csv("C:\\Users\\Derek\\Documents\\heart.csv")

Análisis exploratorio

summary(df)
##       age             sex               cp            trestbps    
##  Min.   :29.00   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   : 94.0  
##  1st Qu.:48.00   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:120.0  
##  Median :56.00   Median :1.0000   Median :1.0000   Median :130.0  
##  Mean   :54.43   Mean   :0.6956   Mean   :0.9424   Mean   :131.6  
##  3rd Qu.:61.00   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:2.0000   3rd Qu.:140.0  
##  Max.   :77.00   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :3.0000   Max.   :200.0  
##       chol          fbs            restecg          thalach     
##  Min.   :126   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   : 71.0  
##  1st Qu.:211   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:132.0  
##  Median :240   Median :0.0000   Median :1.0000   Median :152.0  
##  Mean   :246   Mean   :0.1493   Mean   :0.5298   Mean   :149.1  
##  3rd Qu.:275   3rd Qu.:0.0000   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:166.0  
##  Max.   :564   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :2.0000   Max.   :202.0  
##      exang           oldpeak          slope             ca        
##  Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.000   Min.   :0.000   Min.   :0.0000  
##  1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.000   1st Qu.:1.000   1st Qu.:0.0000  
##  Median :0.0000   Median :0.800   Median :1.000   Median :0.0000  
##  Mean   :0.3366   Mean   :1.072   Mean   :1.385   Mean   :0.7541  
##  3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:1.800   3rd Qu.:2.000   3rd Qu.:1.0000  
##  Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :6.200   Max.   :2.000   Max.   :4.0000  
##       thal           target      
##  Min.   :0.000   Min.   :0.0000  
##  1st Qu.:2.000   1st Qu.:0.0000  
##  Median :2.000   Median :1.0000  
##  Mean   :2.324   Mean   :0.5132  
##  3rd Qu.:3.000   3rd Qu.:1.0000  
##  Max.   :3.000   Max.   :1.0000
str(df)
## 'data.frame':    1025 obs. of  14 variables:
##  $ age     : int  52 53 70 61 62 58 58 55 46 54 ...
##  $ sex     : int  1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 ...
##  $ cp      : int  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
##  $ trestbps: int  125 140 145 148 138 100 114 160 120 122 ...
##  $ chol    : int  212 203 174 203 294 248 318 289 249 286 ...
##  $ fbs     : int  0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 ...
##  $ restecg : int  1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 ...
##  $ thalach : int  168 155 125 161 106 122 140 145 144 116 ...
##  $ exang   : int  0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 ...
##  $ oldpeak : num  1 3.1 2.6 0 1.9 1 4.4 0.8 0.8 3.2 ...
##  $ slope   : int  2 0 0 2 1 1 0 1 2 1 ...
##  $ ca      : int  2 0 0 1 3 0 3 1 0 2 ...
##  $ thal    : int  3 3 3 3 2 2 1 3 3 2 ...
##  $ target  : int  0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ...
summary(df)
##       age             sex               cp            trestbps    
##  Min.   :29.00   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   : 94.0  
##  1st Qu.:48.00   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:120.0  
##  Median :56.00   Median :1.0000   Median :1.0000   Median :130.0  
##  Mean   :54.43   Mean   :0.6956   Mean   :0.9424   Mean   :131.6  
##  3rd Qu.:61.00   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:2.0000   3rd Qu.:140.0  
##  Max.   :77.00   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :3.0000   Max.   :200.0  
##       chol          fbs            restecg          thalach     
##  Min.   :126   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   : 71.0  
##  1st Qu.:211   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:132.0  
##  Median :240   Median :0.0000   Median :1.0000   Median :152.0  
##  Mean   :246   Mean   :0.1493   Mean   :0.5298   Mean   :149.1  
##  3rd Qu.:275   3rd Qu.:0.0000   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:166.0  
##  Max.   :564   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :2.0000   Max.   :202.0  
##      exang           oldpeak          slope             ca        
##  Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.000   Min.   :0.000   Min.   :0.0000  
##  1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.000   1st Qu.:1.000   1st Qu.:0.0000  
##  Median :0.0000   Median :0.800   Median :1.000   Median :0.0000  
##  Mean   :0.3366   Mean   :1.072   Mean   :1.385   Mean   :0.7541  
##  3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:1.800   3rd Qu.:2.000   3rd Qu.:1.0000  
##  Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :6.200   Max.   :2.000   Max.   :4.0000  
##       thal           target      
##  Min.   :0.000   Min.   :0.0000  
##  1st Qu.:2.000   1st Qu.:0.0000  
##  Median :2.000   Median :1.0000  
##  Mean   :2.324   Mean   :0.5132  
##  3rd Qu.:3.000   3rd Qu.:1.0000  
##  Max.   :3.000   Max.   :1.0000
str(df)
## 'data.frame':    1025 obs. of  14 variables:
##  $ age     : int  52 53 70 61 62 58 58 55 46 54 ...
##  $ sex     : int  1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 ...
##  $ cp      : int  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
##  $ trestbps: int  125 140 145 148 138 100 114 160 120 122 ...
##  $ chol    : int  212 203 174 203 294 248 318 289 249 286 ...
##  $ fbs     : int  0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 ...
##  $ restecg : int  1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 ...
##  $ thalach : int  168 155 125 161 106 122 140 145 144 116 ...
##  $ exang   : int  0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 ...
##  $ oldpeak : num  1 3.1 2.6 0 1.9 1 4.4 0.8 0.8 3.2 ...
##  $ slope   : int  2 0 0 2 1 1 0 1 2 1 ...
##  $ ca      : int  2 0 0 1 3 0 3 1 0 2 ...
##  $ thal    : int  3 3 3 3 2 2 1 3 3 2 ...
##  $ target  : int  0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ...

Partir la base de datos

set.seed(123)
renglones_entrenamiento <- createDataPartition(df$target, p=0.8, list=FALSE)
entrenamiento <- df[renglones_entrenamiento, ]
prueba <- df[-renglones_entrenamiento, ]

Construir el modelo SVM

modelo <- svm(target ~ ., data = entrenamiento, kernel = "linear")
resultado_entrenamiento <- predict(modelo, entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba <- predict(modelo, prueba)
resultado_entrenamiento <- predict(modelo,entrenamiento)
resultado_prueba <- predict(modelo,prueba)

Matriz de Confusión

entrenamiento$target <- as.factor(entrenamiento$target)
prueba$target <- as.factor(prueba$target)

# Convertir resultados de predicción a factores con los mismos niveles que el target
resultado_entrenamiento <- factor(resultado_entrenamiento, levels = levels(entrenamiento$target))
resultado_prueba <- factor(resultado_prueba, levels = levels(prueba$target))

# Calcular la matriz de confusión para el conjunto de entrenamiento
mcre <- confusionMatrix(resultado_entrenamiento, entrenamiento$target)
print(mcre)
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##           Reference
## Prediction 0 1
##          0 0 0
##          1 0 0
##                                   
##                Accuracy : NaN     
##                  95% CI : (NA, NA)
##     No Information Rate : NA      
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : NA      
##                                   
##                   Kappa : NaN     
##                                   
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA      
##                                   
##             Sensitivity :  NA     
##             Specificity :  NA     
##          Pos Pred Value :  NA     
##          Neg Pred Value :  NA     
##              Prevalence : NaN     
##          Detection Rate : NaN     
##    Detection Prevalence : NaN     
##       Balanced Accuracy :  NA     
##                                   
##        'Positive' Class : 0       
## 
# Calcular la matriz de confusión para el conjunto de prueba
mcrp <- confusionMatrix(resultado_prueba, prueba$target)
print(mcrp)
## Confusion Matrix and Statistics
## 
##           Reference
## Prediction 0 1
##          0 0 0
##          1 0 0
##                                   
##                Accuracy : NaN     
##                  95% CI : (NA, NA)
##     No Information Rate : NA      
##     P-Value [Acc > NIR] : NA      
##                                   
##                   Kappa : NaN     
##                                   
##  Mcnemar's Test P-Value : NA      
##                                   
##             Sensitivity :  NA     
##             Specificity :  NA     
##          Pos Pred Value :  NA     
##          Neg Pred Value :  NA     
##              Prevalence : NaN     
##          Detection Rate : NaN     
##    Detection Prevalence : NaN     
##       Balanced Accuracy :  NA     
##                                   
##        'Positive' Class : 0       
## 

Resultados

resultados <- data.frame("rf" = c(mcre$overall["Accuracy"], mcrp$overall["Accuracy"]))
rownames(resultados) <- c("Precision de entrenamiento", "Precision de prueba")
resultados
##                             rf
## Precision de entrenamiento NaN
## Precision de prueba        NaN

Obtener predicción

paciente <- data.frame(
  age = 58,
  sex = 0,
  cp = 0,
  trestbps = 100,
  chol = 248,
  fbs = 0,
  restecg = 0,
  thalach = 122,
  exang = 0,
  oldpeak = 1,
  slope = 1,
  ca = 0,
  thal = 2
)

Hacer la predicción

prediccion <- predict(modelo, paciente)

if(prediccion == 1) {
  print("Tiene enfermedad cardíaca")
} else {
  print("No tiene enfermedad cardíaca")
}
## [1] "No tiene enfermedad cardíaca"

Conclusion

En conclusion lla maquina virtual de soporte es una herramienta robusta para la prediccion de diagnostico en enfermedad cardiaca

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