BetaMi final

Table One Patients Characteristics (ACS vs CCS)

Characteristic	Overall, N = 50¹	CCS, N = 10¹	STEMI, N = 40¹	p-value²
Age	62 (8)	64 (10)	62 (8)	0.7
Gender				0.4
Female	9 / 50 (18%)	3 / 10 (30%)	6 / 40 (15%)
Male	41 / 50 (82%)	7 / 10 (70%)	34 / 40 (85%)
Height (cm)	164 (20)	160 (23)	165 (19)	0.4
Weight (kg)	84 (28)	84 (41)	84 (25)	0.3
BMI	39 (49)	43 (53)	38 (49)	0.7
BSA	1.89 (0.19)	1.83 (0.22)	1.90 (0.18)	0.3
P2Y12i_intention				<0.001
1	21 / 50 (42%)	0 / 10 (0%)	21 / 40 (53%)
2	19 / 50 (38%)	0 / 10 (0%)	19 / 40 (48%)
3	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 10 (100%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Family History of CV Disease	28 / 50 (56%)	8 / 10 (80%)	20 / 40 (50%)	0.2
Diabetes Mellitus	6 / 50 (12%)	1 / 10 (10%)	5 / 40 (13%)	>0.9
Hypertension	33 / 50 (66%)	9 / 10 (90%)	24 / 40 (60%)	0.13
Dyslipidemia	38 / 50 (76%)	10 / 10 (100%)	28 / 40 (70%)	0.092
Smoking				0.3
Current	25 / 50 (50%)	3 / 10 (30%)	22 / 40 (55%)
Former Smoker	10 / 50 (20%)	2 / 10 (20%)	8 / 40 (20%)
No	15 / 50 (30%)	5 / 10 (50%)	10 / 40 (25%)
Physical Activity				0.5
Light Activity (1-3 days per week)	31 / 50 (62%)	8 / 10 (80%)	23 / 40 (58%)
Light Activity (4-7 days per week)	5 / 50 (10%)	0 / 10 (0%)	5 / 40 (13%)
No	9 / 50 (18%)	2 / 10 (20%)	7 / 40 (18%)
Normal Training (1-2 days per week)	5 / 50 (10%)	0 / 10 (0%)	5 / 40 (13%)
Peripheral Arterial Disease	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0.2
Carotid Artery Disease	6 / 50 (12%)	5 / 10 (50%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	<0.001
Chronic Kidney Disease	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0.2
Thyroid Dysfunction				0.3
Hypothyroidism	5 / 50 (10%)	2 / 10 (20%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
No	45 / 50 (90%)	8 / 10 (80%)	37 / 40 (93%)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	2 / 50 (4.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0.4
Atrial Fibrillation				0.2
No	49 / 50 (98%)	9 / 10 (90%)	40 / 40 (100%)
Paroxysmal	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Cancer History	2 / 49 (4.1%)	0 / 9 (0%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
Rheumatological or Autoimmune Disease	5 / 50 (10%)	0 / 10 (0%)	5 / 40 (13%)	0.6
History of Anxiety	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Aspirin	12 / 50 (24%)	6 / 10 (60%)	6 / 40 (15%)	0.007
Statins	15 / 50 (30%)	6 / 10 (60%)	9 / 40 (23%)	0.048
ACE Inhibitors	19 / 50 (38%)	6 / 10 (60%)	13 / 40 (33%)	0.2
ATII Antagonists	4 / 49 (8.2%)	0 / 9 (0%)	4 / 40 (10%)	>0.9
Beta Blockers	13 / 50 (26%)	4 / 10 (40%)	9 / 40 (23%)	0.4
Antiarrhythmic Drugs	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0.2
Calcium Antagonists	14 / 50 (28%)	5 / 10 (50%)	9 / 40 (23%)	0.12
Nitrates	2 / 50 (4.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0.4
Diuretics	8 / 50 (16%)	2 / 10 (20%)	6 / 40 (15%)	0.7
Insulin	2 / 49 (4.1%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 39 (2.6%)	0.4
Oral Antidiabetic Drugs	3 / 50 (6.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	0.5
NSAIDs	2 / 50 (4.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
Antidepressant Drugs	1 / 49 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 39 (2.6%)	>0.9
Proton Pump Inhibitors	7 / 50 (14%)	3 / 10 (30%)	4 / 40 (10%)	0.13
Creatinine	0.83 (0.20)	0.75 (0.17)	0.85 (0.20)	0.3
Sodium	137.78 (3.04)	138.40 (3.50)	137.63 (2.94)	0.3
Potassium	4.17 (0.37)	4.30 (0.27)	4.14 (0.39)	0.2
Phosphate	3.05 (0.73)	3.60 (NA)	3.02 (0.74)	0.3
Calcium	9.41 (0.48)	10.00 (NA)	9.38 (0.47)	0.2
Glucose	150 (92)	146 (158)	152 (65)	0.006
Glycohemoglobin	7.37 (2.92)	8.33 (4.22)	7.22 (2.79)	0.8
CRP	0.86 (1.84)	0.57 (0.93)	0.93 (2.00)	0.2
AST	168 (226)	22 (7)	205 (240)	<0.001
ALT	40 (28)	23 (14)	44 (30)	0.008
Total Bilirubin	0.67 (0.39)	0.45 (0.27)	0.69 (0.40)	0.4
Direct Bilirubin	0.26 (0.13)	0.23 (0.13)	0.26 (0.13)	0.8
PT	104 (15)	113 (15)	102 (14)	0.2
INR	0.99 (0.10)	0.94 (0.07)	1.00 (0.10)	0.15
APTT	42 (34)	29 (2)	45 (38)	0.5
Hemoglobin	15.13 (1.31)	14.93 (1.00)	15.18 (1.38)	0.7
RBC	4,964,600 (456,867)	4,888,000 (201,979)	4,983,750 (500,951)	0.4
WBC	10,681 (3,202)	6,863 (1,561)	11,636 (2,766)	<0.001
Platelets	237,200 (63,690)	235,600 (38,103)	237,600 (68,997)	0.9
Cholesterol	193 (50)	183 (86)	195 (37)	0.071
LDL	120 (47)	105 (78)	124 (36)	0.030
HDL	44 (26)	51 (20)	42 (27)	0.14
Triglycerides	148 (82)	138 (103)	150 (78)	0.11
hsTnT	980 (31 - 4,826)	15 (10 - 19)	2,070 (442 - 6,123)	<0.001
CK-MB	75 (18 - 212)	13 (11 - 14)	120 (32 - 264)	<0.001
NT-proBNP	411 (89 - 1,134)	88 (79 - 189)	635 (250 - 1,418)	0.042
¹ Mean (SD); n / N (%); Median (IQR)
² Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum exact test

Characteristic	N = 50¹
Age	62 (8)
Gender
Female	9 / 50 (18%)
Male	41 / 50 (82%)
Height (cm)	164 (20)
Weight (kg)	84 (28)
BMI	39 (49)
BSA	1.89 (0.19)
type
CCS	10 / 50 (20%)
STEMI	40 / 50 (80%)
P2Y12i_intention
1	21 / 50 (42%)
2	19 / 50 (38%)
3	10 / 50 (20%)
Family History of CV Disease	28 / 50 (56%)
Diabetes Mellitus	6 / 50 (12%)
Hypertension	33 / 50 (66%)
Dyslipidemia	38 / 50 (76%)
Smoking
Current	25 / 50 (50%)
Former Smoker	10 / 50 (20%)
No	15 / 50 (30%)
Physical Activity
Light Activity (1-3 days per week)	31 / 50 (62%)
Light Activity (4-7 days per week)	5 / 50 (10%)
No	9 / 50 (18%)
Normal Training (1-2 days per week)	5 / 50 (10%)
Peripheral Arterial Disease	1 / 50 (2.0%)
Carotid Artery Disease	6 / 50 (12%)
Chronic Kidney Disease	1 / 50 (2.0%)
Thyroid Dysfunction
Hypothyroidism	5 / 50 (10%)
No	45 / 50 (90%)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	2 / 50 (4.0%)
Atrial Fibrillation
No	49 / 50 (98%)
Paroxysmal	1 / 50 (2.0%)
Cancer History	2 / 49 (4.1%)
Rheumatological or Autoimmune Disease	5 / 50 (10%)
History of Anxiety	1 / 50 (2.0%)
Aspirin	12 / 50 (24%)
Statins	15 / 50 (30%)
ACE Inhibitors	19 / 50 (38%)
ATII Antagonists	4 / 49 (8.2%)
Beta Blockers	13 / 50 (26%)
Antiarrhythmic Drugs	1 / 50 (2.0%)
Calcium Antagonists	14 / 50 (28%)
Nitrates	2 / 50 (4.0%)
Diuretics	8 / 50 (16%)
Insulin	2 / 49 (4.1%)
Oral Antidiabetic Drugs	3 / 50 (6.0%)
NSAIDs	2 / 50 (4.0%)
Antidepressant Drugs	1 / 49 (2.0%)
Proton Pump Inhibitors	7 / 50 (14%)
Creatinine	0.83 (0.20)
Sodium	137.78 (3.04)
Potassium	4.17 (0.37)
Phosphate	3.05 (0.73)
Calcium	9.41 (0.48)
Glucose	150 (92)
Glycohemoglobin	7.37 (2.92)
CRP	0.86 (1.84)
AST	168 (226)
ALT	40 (28)
Total Bilirubin	0.67 (0.39)
Direct Bilirubin	0.26 (0.13)
PT	104 (15)
INR	0.99 (0.10)
APTT	42 (34)
Hemoglobin	15.13 (1.31)
RBC	4,964,600 (456,867)
WBC	10,681 (3,202)
Platelets	237,200 (63,690)
Cholesterol	193 (50)
LDL	120 (47)
HDL	44 (26)
Triglycerides	148 (82)
hsTnT	980 (31 - 4,826)
CK-MB	75 (18 - 212)
NT-proBNP	411 (89 - 1,134)
¹ Mean (SD); n / N (%); Median (IQR)

Characteristic	Overall, N = 50¹	CCS, N = 10¹	STEMI, N = 40¹	p-value²
P2Y12i_intention				<0.001
1	21 / 50 (42%)	0 / 10 (0%)	21 / 40 (53%)
2	19 / 50 (38%)	0 / 10 (0%)	19 / 40 (48%)
3	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 10 (100%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Pain to Cath Lab Time (min)	248 (207)	NA (NA)	248 (207)
First Medical Contact to Cath Lab Time (min)	79 (83)	NA (NA)	79 (83)
ST Elevation Location: Anterior	17 / 40 (43%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	17 / 40 (43%)	>0.9
ST Elevation Location: Inferior	22 / 40 (55%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	22 / 40 (55%)	>0.9
ST Elevation Location: Lateral	10 / 40 (25%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	10 / 40 (25%)	>0.9
ST Elevation Location: Posterior	12 / 40 (30%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	12 / 40 (30%)	>0.9
Rhythm at Arrival				>0.9
Other	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
Sinus Rhythm	49 / 50 (98%)	10 / 10 (100%)	39 / 40 (98%)
Max ST Segment Elevation				>0.9
aVF	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
III	17 / 40 (43%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	17 / 40 (43%)
V2	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
V3	7 / 40 (18%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	7 / 40 (18%)
V4	7 / 40 (18%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	7 / 40 (18%)
V6	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
Max ST Deviation (mm)	3.10 (2.01)	NA (NA)	3.10 (2.01)
Total Leads with ST Elevation	3.95 (1.80)	NA (NA)	3.95 (1.80)
Sum of ST Elevation (mm)	8.6 (7.0)	NA (NA)	8.6 (7.0)
QRS Duration (ms)	91 (19)	105 (19)	88 (18)	0.016
Conduction Defect: LBBB	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0.2
Conduction Defect: RBBB	3 / 50 (6.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	>0.9
Conduction Defect: I degree AV Block	2 / 50 (4.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0.4
Conduction Defect: II degree AV Block	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Conduction Defect: III degree AV Block	2 / 50 (4.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
Conduction Defect: Other	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Conduction Defect: None	40 / 50 (80%)	8 / 10 (80%)	32 / 40 (80%)	>0.9
Presence of Q Waves	13 / 50 (26%)	2 / 10 (20%)	11 / 40 (28%)	>0.9
Q Wave Depth (mm)	7.7 (4.9)	10.0 (4.2)	7.3 (5.1)	0.3
VT/VF before PCI	2 / 40 (5.0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
Chest Pain at Arrival	37 / 40 (93%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	37 / 40 (93%)	>0.9
Dyspnea at Arrival	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	>0.9
Signs of Acute Heart Failure	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	>0.9
Chest Pain Severity	6.48 (2.25)	NA (NA)	6.48 (2.25)
Systolic Blood Pressure at Arrival	134 (24)	142 (19)	132 (25)	0.4
Diastolic Blood Pressure at Arrival	80 (14)	84 (11)	79 (15)	0.3
Heart Rate at Arrival	73 (18)	70 (11)	74 (19)	0.5
Oxygen Saturation at Arrival	96.56 (4.73)	97.40 (1.17)	96.35 (5.25)	>0.9
Killip Class at Arrival				>0.9
1	36 / 40 (90%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	36 / 40 (90%)
2	4 / 40 (10%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	4 / 40 (10%)
Therapy Before Arrival: Aspirin	33 / 40 (83%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	33 / 40 (83%)	>0.9
Therapy Before Arrival: Heparin	28 / 40 (70%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	28 / 40 (70%)	>0.9
Therapy Before Arrival: Morphine	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Therapy Before Arrival: P2Y12i	0 / 40 (0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Therapy Before Arrival: Other	5 / 40 (13%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	5 / 40 (13%)	>0.9
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test

Table 2: Angiographic Features

Characteristic	Overall, N = 50¹	CCS, N = 10¹	STEMI, N = 40¹	p-value²
P2Y12i_intention				<0.001
1	21 / 50 (42%)	0 / 10 (0%)	21 / 40 (53%)
2	19 / 50 (38%)	0 / 10 (0%)	19 / 40 (48%)
3	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 10 (100%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Vascular Access				>0.9
Femoral	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
Radial	49 / 50 (98%)	10 / 10 (100%)	39 / 40 (98%)
Culprit Lesion				>0.9
1	7 / 40 (18%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	7 / 40 (18%)
11	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
12a	2 / 40 (5.0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)
13	2 / 40 (5.0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)
16	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
2	7 / 40 (18%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	7 / 40 (18%)
3	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
6	7 / 40 (18%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	7 / 40 (18%)
7	10 / 40 (25%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	10 / 40 (25%)
Ostial Lesion	4 / 50 (8.0%)	2 / 10 (20%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	0.2
TIMI Flow Pre	0.80 (1.07)	NA (NA)	0.80 (1.07)
TIMI Frame Count Pre	29 (10)	NA (NA)	29 (10)
Bifurcation Lesion Culprit	5 / 50 (10%)	1 / 10 (10%)	4 / 40 (10%)	>0.9
Bifurcation Lesion Segment				>0.9
D1	3 / 5 (60%)	1 / 1 (100%)	2 / 4 (50%)
D2	1 / 5 (20%)	0 / 1 (0%)	1 / 4 (25%)
OM1	1 / 5 (20%)	0 / 1 (0%)	1 / 4 (25%)
Bifurcation Type				0.4
0.1.1	1 / 5 (20%)	1 / 1 (100%)	0 / 4 (0%)
1.0.0	3 / 5 (60%)	0 / 1 (0%)	3 / 4 (75%)
1.1.0	1 / 5 (20%)	0 / 1 (0%)	1 / 4 (25%)
First Other Non-Culprit	28 / 40 (70%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	28 / 40 (70%)	>0.9
First Other Non-Culprit Segment	7.1 (3.8)	7.8 (3.3)	6.8 (4.0)	0.5
Degree First Non-Culprit	73 (18)	86 (8)	69 (18)	0.013
Second Other Non-Culprit	21 / 50 (42%)	5 / 10 (50%)	16 / 40 (40%)	0.7
Second Other Non-Culprit Segment				0.5
12	1 / 21 (4.8%)	1 / 5 (20%)	0 / 16 (0%)
12a	2 / 21 (9.5%)	0 / 5 (0%)	2 / 16 (13%)
12b	1 / 21 (4.8%)	0 / 5 (0%)	1 / 16 (6.3%)
13	4 / 21 (19%)	0 / 5 (0%)	4 / 16 (25%)
2	2 / 21 (9.5%)	0 / 5 (0%)	2 / 16 (13%)
6	2 / 21 (9.5%)	1 / 5 (20%)	1 / 16 (6.3%)
7	8 / 21 (38%)	3 / 5 (60%)	5 / 16 (31%)
9	1 / 21 (4.8%)	0 / 5 (0%)	1 / 16 (6.3%)
Degree Second Non-Culprit Lesion	71 (14)	76 (19)	69 (12)	0.4
Third Other Non-Culprit	10 / 49 (20%)	4 / 9 (44%)	6 / 40 (15%)	0.070
Third Other Non-Culprit Segment				0.5
1	4 / 10 (40%)	2 / 4 (50%)	2 / 6 (33%)
11	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 4 (25%)	0 / 6 (0%)
12a	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 4 (25%)	0 / 6 (0%)
13	2 / 10 (20%)	0 / 4 (0%)	2 / 6 (33%)
3	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 4 (0%)	1 / 6 (17%)
7	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 4 (0%)	1 / 6 (17%)
Degree Third Non-Culprit Lesion	68 (19)	71 (14)	65 (22)	0.6
Fourth Other Non-Culprit Lesion	4 / 46 (8.7%)	3 / 6 (50%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0.005
Fourth Other Non-Culprit Segment				>0.9
1	1 / 4 (25%)	1 / 3 (33%)	0 / 1 (0%)
2	1 / 4 (25%)	1 / 3 (33%)	0 / 1 (0%)
11	1 / 4 (25%)	0 / 3 (0%)	1 / 1 (100%)
14	1 / 4 (25%)	1 / 3 (33%)	0 / 1 (0%)
Degree Fourth Non-Culprit Lesion	54 (15)	55 (18)	50 (NA)	>0.9
Staged PCI	14 / 26 (54%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	14 / 26 (54%)	>0.9
Treated First non-culprit Lesion	11 / 40 (28%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	11 / 40 (28%)	>0.9
Treated Second non-culprit Lesion	6 / 40 (15%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	6 / 40 (15%)	>0.9
Treated Third non-culprit Lesion	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	>0.9
Number of Diseased Vessels	1.94 (0.92)	2.00 (1.15)	1.92 (0.87)	>0.9
Number of Lesions	2.22 (1.31)	2.40 (1.71)	2.18 (1.21)	>0.9
Any Bifurcation Lesion	10 / 40 (25%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	10 / 40 (25%)	>0.9
SYNTAX Score	14 (8)	14 (10)	14 (8)	>0.9
TIMI Thrombus Grade	4.33 (0.96)	NA (NA)	4.33 (0.96)
Culprit Lesion Pre-Dilatation	33 / 50 (66%)	9 / 10 (90%)	24 / 40 (60%)	0.13
Direct Stenting	18 / 50 (36%)	1 / 10 (10%)	17 / 40 (43%)	0.073
Post-Dilatation	33 / 50 (66%)	6 / 10 (60%)	27 / 40 (68%)	0.7
Thrombus Aspiration				>0.9
Mechanical	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
No	33 / 40 (83%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	33 / 40 (83%)
Reolitical	4 / 40 (10%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	4 / 40 (10%)
Number of Stents Implanted	1.76 (1.08)	1.90 (1.29)	1.73 (1.04)	0.8
Total Stent Length	44 (28)	43 (33)	44 (28)	0.6
Stent Minimum Diameter	3.03 (0.53)	2.73 (0.69)	3.10 (0.45)	0.011
Mean Stent Diameter	4.25 (5.57)	4.90 (6.04)	4.08 (5.51)	0.2
Stent Overlap	13 / 50 (26%)	2 / 10 (20%)	11 / 40 (28%)	>0.9
Type of Stent Implanted				0.2
bpDES	41 / 50 (82%)	9 / 10 (90%)	32 / 40 (80%)
DEB	2 / 50 (4.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
dpDES	7 / 50 (14%)	0 / 10 (0%)	7 / 40 (18%)
Angiographic Success	48 / 50 (96%)	9 / 10 (90%)	39 / 40 (98%)	0.4
Slow Flow or No-Reflow	2 / 40 (5.0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
Any Complications				>0.9
bradycardia	1 / 2 (50%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 2 (50%)
VF	1 / 2 (50%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 2 (50%)
TIMI Flow Post	2.93 (0.27)	NA (NA)	2.93 (0.27)
TIMI Frame Count Post	19 (7)	NA (NA)	19 (7)
Procedure Duration	45 (23)	67 (27)	39 (18)	<0.001
Contrast (ml)	157 (57)	209 (46)	145 (52)	0.002
Adenosine	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Atropine	9 / 50 (18%)	0 / 10 (0%)	9 / 40 (23%)	0.2
Nitrates	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Morphine	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Tirofiban	6 / 50 (12%)	0 / 10 (0%)	6 / 40 (15%)	0.3
Cangrelor	23 / 50 (46%)	3 / 10 (30%)	20 / 40 (50%)	0.3
Corticosteroids	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Metoclopramide	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Other	8 / 50 (16%)	0 / 10 (0%)	8 / 40 (20%)	0.2
Pain to First Blood Sample (min)	269 (213)	NA (NA)	269 (213)
Pain to P2Y12i Loading Dose (min)	385 (220)	NA (NA)	385 (220)
Cathlab Arrival to First Blood Sample (min)	19 (11)	NA (NA)	19 (11)
P2Y12i Loading Dose to First Blood Sample (min)	113 (114)	77 (29)	122 (126)	0.8
P2Y12i Loading Dose to Second Blood Sample (min)	26 (40)	NA (NA)	26 (40)
P2Y12i Loading Dose to Balloon/Stent (min)	91 (100)	34 (24)	105 (107)	0.11
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test; Wilcoxon rank sum exact test

Characteristic	Overall, N = 50¹	CCS, N = 10¹	STEMI, N = 40¹	p-value²
P2Y12i_intention				<0.001
1	21 / 50 (42%)	0 / 10 (0%)	21 / 40 (53%)
2	19 / 50 (38%)	0 / 10 (0%)	19 / 40 (48%)
3	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 10 (100%)	0 / 40 (0%)
SBP	130 (23)	143 (18)	127 (23)	0.050
DBP	79 (14)	82 (13)	78 (14)	0.4
Heart Rate	75 (14)	68 (8)	76 (15)	0.10
Oxygen Saturation	97.14 (1.83)	97.60 (1.26)	97.03 (1.94)	0.5
Killip Class				>0.9
1	36 / 40 (90%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	36 / 40 (90%)
2	4 / 40 (10%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	4 / 40 (10%)
Chest Pain Severity	1.20 (1.96)	0.00 (0.00)	1.50 (2.09)	0.009
Dyspnea	3 / 50 (6.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	>0.9
Signs of Acute Heart Failure	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	>0.9
ECG Feature				<0.001
None	23 / 50 (46%)	10 / 10 (100%)	13 / 40 (33%)
ST Segment Elevation	27 / 50 (54%)	0 / 10 (0%)	27 / 40 (68%)
Rhythm
Sinus Rhythm	50 / 50 (100%)	10 / 10 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)
Max ST Elevation Lead				>0.9
aVF	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
III	11 / 40 (28%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	11 / 40 (28%)
None	12 / 40 (30%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	12 / 40 (30%)
V2	5 / 40 (13%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	5 / 40 (13%)
V3	9 / 40 (23%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	9 / 40 (23%)
V4	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
V6	1 / 40 (2.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
Max ST Deviation (mm)	1.39 (1.70)	NA (NA)	1.39 (1.70)
ST Segment Resolution (mm)	1.83 (1.53)	NA (NA)	1.83 (1.53)
ST Segment Resolution (%)	61 (31)	NA (NA)	61 (31)
QRS Duration (msec)	93 (14)	104 (16)	91 (12)	0.013
Conduction Defects				0.069
I Degree AV Block	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)
LBBB	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)
None	45 / 50 (90%)	8 / 10 (80%)	37 / 40 (93%)
RBBB	3 / 50 (6.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
Q Waves	23 / 50 (46%)	1 / 10 (10%)	22 / 40 (55%)	0.014
Q Wave Depth (mm)	9.5 (7.0)	12.0 (NA)	9.4 (7.1)	0.5
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test

Characteristic	Overall, N = 50¹	CCS, N = 10¹	STEMI, N = 40¹	p-value²
P2Y12i_intention				<0.001
1	21 / 50 (42%)	0 / 10 (0%)	21 / 40 (53%)
2	19 / 50 (38%)	0 / 10 (0%)	19 / 40 (48%)
3	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 10 (100%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Death	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Stent Thrombosis	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Unscheduled Ischemia Driven Revascularization	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Unscheduled Ischemia Driven Revascularization (Days)	1.0000 (NA)	NA (NA)	1.0000 (NA)
Cerebrovascular Complications	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Pericaridal Effusion	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Pericaridal Effusion Days	8.0000 (NA)	NA (NA)	8.0000 (NA)
Tamponade	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Ventricular Tachycardia	2 / 50 (4.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
Ventricular Tachycardia (Days)	1.0000 (0.0000)	NA (NA)	1.0000 (0.0000)
Ventricular Fibrillation	2 / 50 (4.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
Ventricular Fibrillation (Days)	0.50 (0.71)	NA (NA)	0.50 (0.71)
Acute Kidney Injury	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Any Bleeding	0 / 49 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 39 (0%)
Cardiogenic Shock	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Cardiac Arrest	0 / 37 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 27 (0%)
New Onset Dyspnea	2 / 50 (4.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	>0.9
New Onset Rhythm Change	3 / 50 (6.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	>0.9
Which Rhythm Change
AF	3 / 3 (100%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 3 (100%)
New Intollerance to any Medication	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)	>0.9
Any Medication Switch	4 / 50 (8.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	4 / 40 (10%)	0.6
Which Medication Switch				>0.9
Switch to Clopidogrel	3 / 4 (75%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 4 (75%)
Switch to Prasugrel	1 / 4 (25%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	1 / 4 (25%)
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test

Characteristic	Admission, N = 50¹	Day 3, N = 50¹	Discharge, N = 50¹	Follow-Up, N = 50¹	Pre-PCI, N = 50¹	p-value²
type						>0.9
CCS	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)
STEMI	40 / 50 (80%)	40 / 50 (80%)	40 / 50 (80%)	40 / 50 (80%)	40 / 50 (80%)
P2Y12i						>0.9
1	17 / 50 (34%)	17 / 50 (34%)	17 / 50 (34%)	17 / 50 (34%)	17 / 50 (34%)
2	20 / 50 (40%)	20 / 50 (40%)	20 / 50 (40%)	20 / 50 (40%)	20 / 50 (40%)
3	13 / 50 (26%)	13 / 50 (26%)	13 / 50 (26%)	13 / 50 (26%)	13 / 50 (26%)
P2Y12i_intention						>0.9
1	21 / 50 (42%)	21 / 50 (42%)	21 / 50 (42%)	21 / 50 (42%)	21 / 50 (42%)
2	19 / 50 (38%)	19 / 50 (38%)	19 / 50 (38%)	19 / 50 (38%)	19 / 50 (38%)
3	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)	10 / 50 (20%)
creatinine	0.83 (0.20)	0.87 (0.25)	0.86 (0.21)	0.87 (0.23)	NA (NA)	0.8
sodium	137.78 (3.04)	138.40 (2.34)	138.00 (2.23)	139.65 (2.79)	NA (NA)	0.001
potassium	4.17 (0.37)	4.07 (0.35)	4.24 (0.35)	4.32 (0.50)	NA (NA)	0.080
glucose	150 (92)	116 (37)	106 (30)	112 (75)	NA (NA)	<0.001
glycohemoglobin	7.37 (2.92)	NA (NA)	6.55 (2.29)	6.62 (1.83)	NA (NA)	0.2
crp	0.86 (1.84)	2.59 (3.01)	2.04 (2.23)	0.41 (0.69)	NA (NA)	<0.001
ast	168 (226)	61 (56)	28 (10)	26 (13)	NA (NA)	<0.001
alt	40 (28)	40 (41)	29 (17)	34 (24)	NA (NA)	0.2
total_bilirubin	0.67 (0.39)	NA (NA)	0.72 (0.28)	0.70 (0.43)	NA (NA)	0.4
direct_bilirubin	0.26 (0.13)	NA (NA)	0.29 (0.11)	0.29 (0.12)	NA (NA)	0.3
pt	104 (15)	NA (NA)	96 (12)	100 (20)	NA (NA)	0.011
inr	0.99 (0.10)	NA (NA)	1.01 (0.08)	1.01 (0.12)	NA (NA)	0.091
aptt	42 (34)	NA (NA)	31 (9)	30 (3)	NA (NA)	>0.9
hemoglobin	15.13 (1.31)	14.59 (1.22)	14.48 (1.34)	14.31 (1.31)	NA (NA)	0.023
rbc	4,964,600 (456,867)	4,685,325 (801,475)	4,662,200 (747,770)	4,748,571 (455,732)	NA (NA)	0.035
wbc	10,681 (3,202)	9,782 (2,371)	8,802 (2,365)	7,633 (2,571)	NA (NA)	<0.001
plt	237,200 (63,690)	227,175 (61,016)	231,808 (67,286)	255,571 (161,355)	NA (NA)	0.7
cholesterol	193 (50)	NA (NA)	154 (34)	117 (29)	NA (NA)	<0.001
ldl	120 (47)	NA (NA)	94 (30)	56 (28)	NA (NA)	<0.001
hdl	44 (26)	NA (NA)	37 (16)	39 (12)	NA (NA)	0.4
triglycerides	148 (82)	NA (NA)	128 (66)	108 (52)	NA (NA)	0.037
hstnt	3,717 (6,092)	2,675 (2,575)	971 (1,079)	35 (65)	NA (NA)	<0.001
ck_mb	146 (181)	24 (10)	16 (7)	13 (7)	NA (NA)	<0.001
nt_pro_bnp	980 (1,411)	1,341 (1,383)	960 (1,067)	550 (730)	NA (NA)	0.001
lvef	48 (6)	NA (NA)	51 (6)	55 (8)	NA (NA)	<0.001
bcate_elisa	3.14 (3.24)	4.05 (3.13)	3.48 (2.64)	3.35 (2.75)	3.25 (2.97)	0.3
dkk1_elisa	648 (533)	881 (809)	808 (658)	637 (510)	651 (490)	0.4
bcate_qPCR	5 (10)	6 (13)	7 (25)	8 (18)	5 (9)	>0.9
dkk1_qPCR	2.1 (2.5)	3.8 (5.3)	6.0 (13.6)	7.7 (16.0)	2.3 (2.6)	0.079
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

Characteristic	Admission, N = 40¹	Day 3, N = 40¹	Discharge, N = 40¹	Follow-Up, N = 40¹	Pre-PCI, N = 40¹	p-value²
type
STEMI	40 / 40 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)
P2Y12i						>0.9
1	17 / 40 (43%)	17 / 40 (43%)	17 / 40 (43%)	17 / 40 (43%)	17 / 40 (43%)
2	20 / 40 (50%)	20 / 40 (50%)	20 / 40 (50%)	20 / 40 (50%)	20 / 40 (50%)
3	3 / 40 (7.5%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
P2Y12i_intention						>0.9
1	21 / 40 (53%)	21 / 40 (53%)	21 / 40 (53%)	21 / 40 (53%)	21 / 40 (53%)
2	19 / 40 (48%)	19 / 40 (48%)	19 / 40 (48%)	19 / 40 (48%)	19 / 40 (48%)
creatinine	0.85 (0.20)	0.87 (0.25)	0.89 (0.22)	0.90 (0.24)	NA (NA)	0.8
sodium	137.63 (2.94)	138.40 (2.34)	138.10 (2.23)	139.55 (3.05)	NA (NA)	0.011
potassium	4.14 (0.39)	4.07 (0.35)	4.27 (0.37)	4.36 (0.51)	NA (NA)	0.023
glucose	152 (65)	116 (37)	107 (31)	105 (53)	NA (NA)	<0.001
glycohemoglobin	7.22 (2.79)	NA (NA)	6.58 (2.32)	6.67 (1.86)	NA (NA)	0.3
crp	0.93 (2.00)	2.59 (3.01)	2.07 (2.26)	0.38 (0.62)	NA (NA)	<0.001
ast	205 (240)	61 (56)	29 (10)	28 (13)	NA (NA)	<0.001
alt	44 (30)	40 (41)	31 (17)	37 (25)	NA (NA)	0.2
total_bilirubin	0.69 (0.40)	NA (NA)	0.73 (0.28)	0.67 (0.42)	NA (NA)	0.3
direct_bilirubin	0.26 (0.13)	NA (NA)	0.29 (0.11)	0.29 (0.12)	NA (NA)	0.3
pt	102 (14)	NA (NA)	95 (11)	98 (20)	NA (NA)	0.019
inr	1.00 (0.10)	NA (NA)	1.02 (0.08)	1.01 (0.12)	NA (NA)	0.2
aptt	45 (38)	NA (NA)	31 (9)	30 (3)	NA (NA)	>0.9
hemoglobin	15.18 (1.38)	14.59 (1.22)	14.41 (1.31)	14.23 (1.29)	NA (NA)	0.018
rbc	4,983,750 (500,951)	4,685,325 (801,475)	4,628,000 (811,978)	4,728,000 (478,203)	NA (NA)	0.037
wbc	11,636 (2,766)	9,782 (2,371)	9,022 (2,349)	8,053 (2,620)	NA (NA)	<0.001
plt	237,600 (68,997)	227,175 (61,016)	236,335 (71,189)	263,725 (176,518)	NA (NA)	0.7
cholesterol	195 (37)	NA (NA)	156 (33)	114 (28)	NA (NA)	<0.001
ldl	124 (36)	NA (NA)	96 (29)	54 (30)	NA (NA)	<0.001
hdl	42 (27)	NA (NA)	37 (17)	37 (11)	NA (NA)	0.7
triglycerides	150 (78)	NA (NA)	129 (66)	111 (54)	NA (NA)	0.035
hstnt	4,643 (6,500)	2,675 (2,575)	1,176 (1,112)	39 (71)	NA (NA)	<0.001
ck_mb	179 (189)	24 (10)	17 (8)	15 (6)	NA (NA)	<0.001
nt_pro_bnp	1,022 (1,245)	1,341 (1,383)	1,136 (1,091)	630 (767)	NA (NA)	0.008
lvef	48 (6)	NA (NA)	50 (6)	54 (7)	NA (NA)	<0.001
bcate_elisa	3.81 (3.31)	4.05 (3.13)	3.48 (2.64)	3.77 (2.71)	3.93 (2.95)	0.8
dkk1_elisa	711 (532)	881 (809)	808 (658)	676 (527)	722 (517)	0.9
bcate_qPCR	5 (11)	6 (13)	7 (25)	9 (19)	5 (10)	0.7
dkk1_qPCR	2.4 (2.7)	3.8 (5.3)	6.0 (13.6)	8.9 (17.0)	2.5 (2.7)	0.067
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

Figure 1

ANOVA misure ripetute con test di Tukey per Bcate ELISA

            numDF denDF  F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1   156 89.23015  <.0001
Timepoint       4   156  0.64050  0.6344


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = bcate_elisa ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_stemi_bcate_elisa, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0   -0.12680    0.37625  -0.337    0.997
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0        0.11342    0.37625   0.301    0.998
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0   -0.45302    0.37625  -1.204    0.749
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0   -0.16079    0.37625  -0.427    0.993
Day 3 - Admission == 0      0.24022    0.37625   0.638    0.969
Discharge - Admission == 0 -0.32622    0.37625  -0.867    0.909
Follow-Up - Admission == 0 -0.03399    0.37625  -0.090    1.000
Discharge - Day 3 == 0     -0.56644    0.37625  -1.505    0.559
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0     -0.27421    0.37625  -0.729    0.950
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0  0.29223    0.37625   0.777    0.937
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

ANOVA misure ripetute con test di Tukey per DKK1 ELISA

            numDF denDF   F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1   156 155.11339  <.0001
Timepoint       4   156   0.94464  0.4398


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = dkk1_elisa ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_stemi_dkk1_elisa, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0     -10.92     120.99  -0.090    1.000
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0         158.28     120.99   1.308    0.686
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0      85.25     120.99   0.705    0.956
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0     -46.40     120.99  -0.384    0.995
Day 3 - Admission == 0       169.20     120.99   1.398    0.629
Discharge - Admission == 0    96.17     120.99   0.795    0.932
Follow-Up - Admission == 0   -35.49     120.99  -0.293    0.998
Discharge - Day 3 == 0       -73.03     120.99  -0.604    0.975
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0      -204.68     120.99  -1.692    0.439
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0  -131.66     120.99  -1.088    0.813
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

ANOVA misure ripetute con test di Tukey per Bcate qPCR

            numDF denDF   F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1   145 22.952850  <.0001
Timepoint       4   145  0.473548  0.7551


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = bcate_qPCR ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_stemi_bcate_qPCR, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0     0.6166     3.6802   0.168    1.000
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0         1.6136     3.7288   0.433    0.993
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0     2.6089     3.7288   0.700    0.957
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0     4.6066     3.7287   1.235    0.731
Day 3 - Admission == 0       0.9970     3.7068   0.269    0.999
Discharge - Admission == 0   1.9923     3.7068   0.537    0.983
Follow-Up - Admission == 0   3.9900     3.7067   1.076    0.819
Discharge - Day 3 == 0       0.9953     3.7521   0.265    0.999
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0       2.9930     3.7551   0.797    0.932
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0   1.9977     3.7551   0.532    0.984
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

ANOVA misure ripetute con test di Tukey per DKK1 qPCR

            numDF denDF   F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1   147 26.700071  <.0001
Timepoint       4   147  3.221447  0.0144


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = dkk1_qPCR ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_stemi_dkk1_qPCR, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)  
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0   -0.02915    2.16821  -0.013   1.0000  
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0        1.32672    2.18015   0.609   0.9738  
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0    3.56873    2.18015   1.637   0.4736  
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0    6.41608    2.18015   2.943   0.0269 *
Day 3 - Admission == 0      1.35587    2.15215   0.630   0.9703  
Discharge - Admission == 0  3.59788    2.15215   1.672   0.4515  
Follow-Up - Admission == 0  6.44523    2.15215   2.995   0.0230 *
Discharge - Day 3 == 0      2.24201    2.16418   1.036   0.8387  
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0      5.08936    2.16418   2.352   0.1290  
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0  2.84735    2.16418   1.316   0.6814  
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

Figure 2

ns: p > 0.05, *: p <= 0.05, **: p <= 0.01, ***: p <= 0.001, ****: p <= 0.0001

Patients Matching

Figure 2 (matched patients)

Sensitivity Analysis

Characteristic	Pre-PCI, N = 22¹	Admission, N = 22¹	Day 3, N = 22¹	Discharge, N = 22¹	Follow-Up, N = 22¹	p-value²
type
STEMI	22 / 22 (100%)	22 / 22 (100%)	22 / 22 (100%)	22 / 22 (100%)	22 / 22 (100%)
P2Y12i						>0.9
1	10 / 22 (45%)	10 / 22 (45%)	10 / 22 (45%)	10 / 22 (45%)	10 / 22 (45%)
2	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)
3	1 / 22 (4.5%)	1 / 22 (4.5%)	1 / 22 (4.5%)	1 / 22 (4.5%)	1 / 22 (4.5%)
P2Y12i_intention						>0.9
1	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)
2	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)	11 / 22 (50%)
creatinine	NA (NA)	0.83 (0.21)	0.87 (0.24)	0.90 (0.22)	0.92 (0.22)	0.6
sodium	NA (NA)	137.18 (2.91)	138.05 (2.65)	137.91 (2.16)	139.18 (3.25)	0.088
potassium	NA (NA)	4.12 (0.41)	4.12 (0.31)	4.28 (0.37)	4.29 (0.42)	0.3
glucose	NA (NA)	144 (46)	115 (36)	110 (35)	101 (43)	<0.001
glycohemoglobin	NA (NA)	6.72 (1.67)	NA (NA)	6.19 (1.30)	6.03 (1.02)	0.7
crp	NA (NA)	0.48 (0.32)	3.02 (3.33)	2.35 (2.69)	0.38 (0.68)	<0.001
ast	NA (NA)	207 (201)	66 (69)	30 (11)	27 (14)	<0.001
alt	NA (NA)	49 (31)	47 (52)	35 (21)	38 (29)	0.4
total_bilirubin	NA (NA)	0.71 (0.45)	NA (NA)	0.74 (0.27)	0.61 (0.26)	0.2
direct_bilirubin	NA (NA)	0.28 (0.14)	NA (NA)	0.32 (0.09)	0.28 (0.10)	0.2
pt	NA (NA)	101 (18)	NA (NA)	96 (11)	101 (23)	0.2
inr	NA (NA)	1.01 (0.13)	NA (NA)	1.02 (0.09)	0.99 (0.10)	0.5
aptt	NA (NA)	54 (49)	NA (NA)	32 (12)	30 (3)	0.8
hemoglobin	NA (NA)	15.32 (1.25)	14.60 (1.35)	14.37 (1.49)	14.26 (1.15)	0.043
rbc	NA (NA)	5,047,727 (433,171)	4,806,818 (364,409)	4,731,818 (490,390)	4,752,727 (426,728)	0.061
wbc	NA (NA)	11,041 (2,583)	9,276 (2,188)	8,504 (2,144)	7,667 (2,906)	<0.001
plt	NA (NA)	240,409 (52,490)	219,864 (52,128)	220,427 (65,407)	225,909 (50,714)	0.6
cholesterol	NA (NA)	196 (40)	NA (NA)	156 (33)	113 (25)	<0.001
ldl	NA (NA)	125 (30)	NA (NA)	95 (29)	58 (29)	<0.001
hdl	NA (NA)	40 (18)	NA (NA)	37 (19)	38 (12)	0.7
triglycerides	NA (NA)	151 (69)	NA (NA)	126 (52)	99 (40)	0.042
hstnt	NA (NA)	4,355 (3,872)	2,313 (2,001)	1,227 (1,098)	50 (93)	<0.001
ck_mb	NA (NA)	200 (199)	24 (11)	18 (10)	15 (6)	<0.001
nt_pro_bnp	NA (NA)	841 (1,007)	1,333 (1,360)	1,094 (931)	545 (608)	0.023
lvef	NA (NA)	48 (6)	NA (NA)	49 (6)	54 (7)	0.016
bcate_elisa	3.65 (2.89)	2.97 (2.39)	3.29 (2.63)	2.97 (2.62)	3.48 (2.53)	0.7
dkk1_elisa	668 (513)	643 (531)	830 (844)	737 (664)	658 (511)	>0.9
bcate_qPCR	2 (3)	4 (10)	7 (17)	12 (33)	6 (13)	>0.9
dkk1_qPCR	2 (2)	2 (2)	4 (6)	8 (18)	12 (22)	0.065
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

            numDF denDF  F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1    84 40.07928  <.0001
Timepoint       4    84  1.66543  0.1657


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = bcate_elisa ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_fil_bcate_elisa, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                            Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0   -0.678554   0.332330  -2.042    0.246
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0       -0.355978   0.332330  -1.071    0.821
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0   -0.681902   0.332330  -2.052    0.241
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0   -0.173521   0.332330  -0.522    0.985
Day 3 - Admission == 0      0.322576   0.332330   0.971    0.868
Discharge - Admission == 0 -0.003348   0.332330  -0.010    1.000
Follow-Up - Admission == 0  0.505033   0.332330   1.520    0.550
Discharge - Day 3 == 0     -0.325924   0.332330  -0.981    0.864
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0      0.182457   0.332330   0.549    0.982
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0  0.508381   0.332330   1.530    0.543
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

            numDF denDF  F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1    84 64.79286  <.0001
Timepoint       4    84  0.47567  0.7535


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = dkk1_elisa ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_fil_dkk1_elisa, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0    -24.653    158.771  -0.155    1.000
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0        162.102    158.771   1.021    0.846
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0     69.304    158.771   0.437    0.992
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0     -9.349    158.771  -0.059    1.000
Day 3 - Admission == 0      186.754    158.771   1.176    0.765
Discharge - Admission == 0   93.957    158.771   0.592    0.976
Follow-Up - Admission == 0   15.303    158.771   0.096    1.000
Discharge - Day 3 == 0      -92.798    158.771  -0.584    0.977
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0     -171.451    158.771  -1.080    0.817
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0  -78.653    158.771  -0.495    0.988
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

            numDF denDF  F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1    79 8.238792  0.0053
Timepoint       4    79 0.988461  0.4188


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = bcate_qPCR ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_fil_bcate_qPCR, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0     1.7613     5.1530   0.342    0.997
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0         5.1049     5.2040   0.981    0.864
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0     9.5763     5.2040   1.840    0.350
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0     4.3086     5.2750   0.817    0.926
Day 3 - Admission == 0       3.3436     5.1530   0.649    0.967
Discharge - Admission == 0   7.8150     5.1530   1.517    0.552
Follow-Up - Admission == 0   2.5473     5.2248   0.488    0.989
Discharge - Day 3 == 0       4.4714     5.2040   0.859    0.912
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0      -0.7963     5.2750  -0.151    1.000
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0  -5.2677     5.2750  -0.999    0.856
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

            numDF denDF   F-value p-value
(Intercept)     1    79 13.065428   5e-04
Timepoint       4    79  2.637529   4e-02


     Simultaneous Tests for General Linear Hypotheses

Multiple Comparisons of Means: Tukey Contrasts


Fit: lme.formula(fixed = dkk1_qPCR ~ Timepoint, data = lab_long_fil_dkk1_qPCR, 
    random = ~1 | record_id)

Linear Hypotheses:
                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)  
Admission - Pre-PCI == 0    0.00801    3.81715   0.002   1.0000  
Day 3 - Pre-PCI == 0        2.15178    3.85528   0.558   0.9810  
Discharge - Pre-PCI == 0    5.96784    3.85528   1.548   0.5311  
Follow-Up - Pre-PCI == 0   10.15076    3.85528   2.633   0.0646 .
Day 3 - Admission == 0      2.14377    3.76548   0.569   0.9795  
Discharge - Admission == 0  5.95983    3.76548   1.583   0.5084  
Follow-Up - Admission == 0 10.14275    3.76548   2.694   0.0548 .
Discharge - Day 3 == 0      3.81607    3.80412   1.003   0.8540  
Follow-Up - Day 3 == 0      7.99898    3.80412   2.103   0.2187  
Follow-Up - Discharge == 0  4.18291    3.80412   1.100   0.8068  
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
(Adjusted p values reported -- single-step method)

Linear Regression

Calcolo AUC

### Risultati per LVEF

                     Estimate   IC_95_Lower IC_95_Upper    P_value
bcate_t0         0.8832456769  0.1264576403 1.640033713 0.02782232
dkk1_t0          0.0029560116 -0.0015544803 0.007466503 0.20673849
bcate_qpcr_t0    0.1457063478 -0.0872163549 0.378629051 0.22812440
dkk1_qpcr_t0     0.3485923218 -0.5811929980 1.278377642 0.46733393
bcate_t1         0.8697426058  0.2047477470 1.534737465 0.01444389
dkk1_t1         -0.0006633030 -0.0051407490 0.003814143 0.77311911
bcate_qpcr_t1    0.1464424805 -0.0763828391 0.369267800 0.20569959
dkk1_qpcr_t1     0.2699592316 -0.6351988481 1.175117311 0.56239071
bcate_t2         0.4008156349 -0.3490573767 1.150688647 0.30142153
dkk1_t2          0.0013462263 -0.0015692357 0.004261688 0.37114794
bcate_qpcr_t2    0.0138335136 -0.1727511657 0.200418193 0.88527219
dkk1_qpcr_t2     0.1364096732 -0.3354067484 0.608226095 0.57445649
bcate_t3         0.9370392441  0.0858063334 1.788272155 0.03734772
dkk1_t3          0.0023796305 -0.0011615317 0.005920793 0.19569154
bcate_qpcr_t3   -0.0816180601 -0.1773855017 0.014149382 0.10351060
dkk1_qpcr_t3    -0.0722099324 -0.2536511128 0.109231248 0.44046572
AUC_bcate_elisa  0.2471879714  0.0312955553 0.463080388 0.03072917
AUC_dkk1_elisa   0.0008633854 -0.0005752305 0.002302001 0.24679398
AUC_bcate_qPCR  -0.0242828033 -0.0901072641 0.041541657 0.47432171
AUC_dkk1_qPCR   -0.0174940912 -0.1299001609 0.094911978 0.76209191


### Risultati per NT-proBNP

                     Estimate  IC_95_Lower  IC_95_Upper   P_value
bcate_t0          5.329963154  -77.3010334  87.96095971 0.9000611
dkk1_t0           0.001552686   -0.4701832   0.47328859 0.9948865
bcate_qpcr_t0    -2.632739961  -26.8446200  21.57914011 0.8324314
dkk1_qpcr_t0    -12.885798186 -108.5600349  82.78843848 0.7933429
bcate_t1        -34.961288547 -107.8581093  37.93553217 0.3531470
dkk1_t1          -0.130593471   -0.5876526   0.32646567 0.5787511
bcate_qpcr_t1    -2.962333323  -26.3202062  20.39553956 0.8050645
dkk1_qpcr_t1     -7.221097262 -100.5230621  86.08086762 0.8802524
bcate_t2         26.920788508  -50.4856704 104.32724741 0.4995888
dkk1_t2          -0.228453367   -0.5212848   0.06437809 0.1345222
bcate_qpcr_t2    -1.486569065  -20.5003609  17.52722274 0.8790647
dkk1_qpcr_t2    -17.203864136  -65.1714592  30.76373095 0.4865985
bcate_t3        -24.325548932 -116.3406222  67.68952433 0.6073541
dkk1_t3           0.012934508   -0.3577959   0.38366493 0.9458394
bcate_qpcr_t3     5.910750215   -4.0341422  15.85564260 0.2517101
dkk1_qpcr_t3     -1.483675634  -20.1232337  17.15588244 0.8768947
AUC_bcate_elisa  -3.949601012  -27.4398602  19.54065814 0.7435496
AUC_dkk1_elisa   -0.075646834   -0.2236589   0.07236519 0.3228114
AUC_bcate_qPCR    2.115930785   -4.6051724   8.83703397 0.5410882
AUC_dkk1_qPCR    -1.619619043  -13.0772490   9.83801089 0.7833186

### Risultati delle Regressioni Multiple per LVEF

              Estimate IC_95_Lower IC_95_Upper      P_value
bcate_t0     0.3472716   -0.191756   0.8862992 2.145827e-01
lvef_postpci 0.8487228    0.600294   1.0971516 7.226327e-08

                    Estimate  IC_95_Lower   IC_95_Upper     P_value
bcate_t0         0.561568506  0.027587975  1.0955490360 0.046556639
hstnt_3day      -0.001319907 -0.002083580 -0.0005562336 0.001719628
nt_pro_bnp_3day -0.001853542 -0.003330317 -0.0003767665 0.018825006


### Risultati delle Regressioni Multiple per NT-proBNP

                    Estimate IC_95_Lower IC_95_Upper      P_value
bcate_t0         36.36955559  -9.8612937  82.6004048 1.320867e-01
hstnt_3day        0.21172133   0.1418315   0.2816111 9.331313e-07
nt_pro_bnp_3day   0.01704908  -0.1121897   0.1462879 7.974880e-01
lvef_postpci    -25.41705693 -52.3816519   1.5475381 7.313932e-02

echo


### Table 1 Echocardiography: STEMI vs CCS

Characteristic	Overall, N = 50¹	CCS, N = 10¹	STEMI, N = 40¹	p-value²
Body Mass Index (BMI)	39 (49)	43 (53)	38 (49)	0.7
Body Surface Area (BSA)	1.89 (0.19)	1.83 (0.22)	1.90 (0.18)	0.3
Systolic Blood Pressure (postPCI)	119 (17)	NA (NA)	119 (17)
Diastolic Blood Pressure (postPCI)	74 (12)	NA (NA)	74 (12)
N. of akinetic segments (postPCI)	3.08 (3.11)	NA (NA)	3.08 (3.11)
N. of hypokinetic segments (postPCI)	2.50 (1.63)	NA (NA)	2.50 (1.63)
N. of dyskinetic segments (postPCI)	0.28 (0.93)	NA (NA)	0.28 (0.93)
N. of aneurysmal segments (postPCI)	0 / 40 (0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Wall Motion Score Index (postPCI)	1.59 (0.50)	NA (NA)	1.59 (0.50)
LV End-Diastolic Volume (postPCI)	94 (24)	NA (NA)	94 (24)
LV End-Diastolic Volume Index (postPCI)	49 (12)	NA (NA)	49 (12)
LV End-Systolic Volume (postPCI)	49 (14)	NA (NA)	49 (14)
LV End-Systolic Volume Index (postPCI)	25.3 (7.2)	NA (NA)	25.3 (7.2)
LV Ejection Fraction (postPCI)	48.0 (6.4)	NA (NA)	48.0 (6.4)
Mitral s' (postPCI)	7.88 (2.09)	NA (NA)	7.88 (2.09)
LV Interventricular Septum (postPCI)	12.33 (1.76)	NA (NA)	12.33 (1.76)
LV End-Diastolic Diameter (postPCI)	47.2 (5.4)	NA (NA)	47.2 (5.4)
LV Posterior Wall (postPCI)	9.38 (1.43)	NA (NA)	9.38 (1.43)
TAPSE (postPCI)	22.1 (3.8)	NA (NA)	22.1 (3.8)
Tricuspid s' (postPCI)	12.52 (3.44)	NA (NA)	12.52 (3.44)
Systolic Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (postPCI)	24 (9)	NA (NA)	24 (9)
Left Atrial Volume (postPCI)	54 (13)	NA (NA)	54 (13)
Left Atrial Volume Index (postPCI)	28.2 (5.8)	NA (NA)	28.2 (5.8)
E/A Ratio (postPCI)	0.91 (0.31)	NA (NA)	0.91 (0.31)
E/e' Ratio (postPCI)	8.95 (2.20)	NA (NA)	8.95 (2.20)
Diastolic Dysfunction (postPCI)				>0.9
1	34 / 40 (85%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	34 / 40 (85%)
2	2 / 40 (5.0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)
5	4 / 40 (10%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	4 / 40 (10%)
Mitral Regurgitation (postPCI)				>0.9
1	7 / 40 (18%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	7 / 40 (18%)
2	30 / 40 (75%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	30 / 40 (75%)
3	3 / 40 (7.5%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
Tricuspid Regurgitation (postPCI)				>0.9
1	8 / 40 (20%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	8 / 40 (20%)
2	32 / 40 (80%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	32 / 40 (80%)
Aortic Regurgitation (postPCI)				>0.9
1	25 / 40 (63%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	25 / 40 (63%)
2	15 / 40 (38%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	15 / 40 (38%)
Ventricular Thrombus (postPCI)	0 / 40 (0%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Pericardial Effusion (postPCI)	4 / 40 (10%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	4 / 40 (10%)	>0.9
Max Dimension of Pericardial Effusion (postPCI)	4.25 (1.50)	NA (NA)	4.25 (1.50)
Global Longitudinal Strain (postPCI)	-14.3 (4.1)	NA (NA)	-14.3 (4.1)
Global Longitudinal Strain Endocardial (postPCI)	-16.5 (5.7)	NA (NA)	-16.5 (5.7)
Global Longitudinal Strain Myocardial (postPCI)	-14.3 (5.1)	NA (NA)	-14.3 (5.1)
Global Longitudinal Strain Epicardial (postPCI)	-12.4 (4.4)	NA (NA)	-12.4 (4.4)
Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (postPCI)	-9.7 (8.6)	NA (NA)	-9.7 (8.6)
Non-Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (postPCI)	-17.2 (3.7)	NA (NA)	-17.2 (3.7)
Peak Strain Dispersion (postPCI)	66 (19)	NA (NA)	66 (19)
Global Work Index (postPCI)	1,272 (446)	NA (NA)	1,272 (446)
Global Constrictive Work (postPCI)	1,621 (494)	NA (NA)	1,621 (494)
Global Wasted Work (postPCI)	236 (111)	NA (NA)	236 (111)
Global Work Efficiency (postPCI)	85 (7)	NA (NA)	85 (7)
Infarct Zone Work Index (postPCI)	906 (319)	NA (NA)	906 (319)
Non-Infarct Zone Work Index (postPCI)	1,406 (416)	NA (NA)	1,406 (416)
Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (postPCI)	77 (10)	NA (NA)	77 (10)
Non-Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (postPCI)	89.0 (6.4)	NA (NA)	89.0 (6.4)
Brachial Diameter Pre (postPCI)	11 (15)	NA (NA)	11 (15)
Brachial Diameter Post (postPCI)	12 (16)	NA (NA)	12 (16)
Flow-Mediated Dilation (postPCI)	8.9 (4.0)	NA (NA)	8.9 (4.0)
Systolic Blood Pressure (Discharge)	120 (15)	132 (15)	117 (14)	0.007
Diastolic Blood Pressure (Discharge)	70 (11)	73 (11)	69 (11)	0.3
N. of akinetic segments (Discharge)	2.06 (2.68)	0.50 (1.58)	2.47 (2.78)	0.009
N. of hypokinetic segments (Discharge)	2.13 (1.85)	2.20 (3.08)	2.11 (1.43)	0.3
N. of dyskinetic segments (Discharge)	0.1458 (0.7143)	0.3000 (0.9487)	0.1053 (0.6489)	0.3
N. of aneurysmal segments (Discharge)	0 / 48 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 38 (0%)
Wall Motion Score Index (Discharge)	1.39 (0.36)	1.24 (0.27)	1.43 (0.37)	0.083
LV End-Diastolic Volume (Discharge)	102 (30)	107 (39)	101 (27)	0.8
LV End-Diastolic Volume Index (Discharge)	53 (13)	58 (17)	52 (12)	0.3
LV End-Systolic Volume (Discharge)	50 (16)	49 (21)	50 (15)	0.7
LV End-Systolic Volume Index (Discharge)	26 (8)	27 (10)	26 (7)	>0.9
LV Ejection Fraction (Discharge)	51 (6)	56 (6)	50 (6)	0.015
Mitral s' (Discharge)	7.91 (1.41)	8.05 (1.07)	7.87 (1.49)	0.6
LV Interventricular Septum (Discharge)	12.08 (1.85)	10.80 (1.69)	12.42 (1.76)	0.010
LV End-Diastolic Diameter (Discharge)	47.5 (5.4)	49.5 (6.9)	46.9 (4.9)	0.3
LV Posterior Wall (Discharge)	9.33 (1.53)	8.50 (0.53)	9.55 (1.64)	0.014
TAPSE (Discharge)	23.42 (2.92)	24.60 (3.20)	23.11 (2.81)	0.3
Tricuspid s'(Discharge)	13.17 (2.39)	12.14 (1.68)	13.38 (2.47)	0.14
Systolic Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (Discharge)	27 (13)	28 (9)	27 (15)	0.5
Left Atrial Volume (Discharge)	53 (14)	52 (16)	53 (14)	0.6
Left Atrial Volume Index (Discharge)	28.0 (6.5)	28.6 (7.7)	27.8 (6.3)	>0.9
E/A Ratio (Discharge)	0.95 (0.41)	0.89 (0.32)	0.97 (0.43)	0.9
E/e' Ratio (Discharge)	9.50 (2.92)	8.00 (2.04)	9.89 (3.00)	0.039
Diastolic Dysfunction (Discharge)				>0.9
1	34 / 48 (71%)	7 / 10 (70%)	27 / 38 (71%)
2	5 / 48 (10%)	1 / 10 (10%)	4 / 38 (11%)
3	1 / 48 (2.1%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 38 (2.6%)
5	8 / 48 (17%)	2 / 10 (20%)	6 / 38 (16%)
Mitral Regurgitation (Discharge)				0.5
1	6 / 48 (13%)	2 / 10 (20%)	4 / 38 (11%)
2	39 / 48 (81%)	7 / 10 (70%)	32 / 38 (84%)
3	3 / 48 (6.3%)	1 / 10 (10%)	2 / 38 (5.3%)
Tricuspid Regurgitation (Discharge)				0.3
1	13 / 48 (27%)	3 / 10 (30%)	10 / 38 (26%)
2	33 / 48 (69%)	6 / 10 (60%)	27 / 38 (71%)
3	1 / 48 (2.1%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 38 (0%)
4	1 / 48 (2.1%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 38 (2.6%)
Aortic Regurgitation (Discharge)				0.054
1	33 / 48 (69%)	9 / 10 (90%)	24 / 38 (63%)
2	13 / 48 (27%)	0 / 10 (0%)	13 / 38 (34%)
3	2 / 48 (4.2%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 38 (2.6%)
Ventricular Thrombus (Discharge)	0 / 48 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 38 (0%)
Pericardial Effusion (Discharge)	4 / 48 (8.3%)	1 / 10 (10%)	3 / 38 (7.9%)	>0.9
Max Dimension of Pericardial Effusion (Discharge)	7.00 (4.69)	14.00 (NA)	4.67 (0.58)	0.3
Global Longitudinal Strain (Discharge)	-14.8 (3.4)	-15.8 (1.2)	-14.5 (3.8)	0.4
Global Longitudinal Strain Endocardial (Discharge)	-17.4 (4.0)	-18.4 (2.0)	-17.1 (4.4)	0.4
Global Longitudinal Strain Myocardial (Discharge)	-15.1 (3.3)	-15.9 (1.5)	-14.8 (3.6)	0.4
Global Longitudinal Strain Epicardial (Discharge)	-12.9 (3.0)	-13.8 (1.7)	-12.7 (3.2)	0.3
Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (Discharge)	-9.5 (3.4)	NA (NA)	-9.5 (3.4)
Non-Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (Discharge)	-16.9 (3.3)	NA (NA)	-16.9 (3.3)
Peak Strain Dispersion (Discharge)	68 (23)	69 (19)	68 (25)	0.7
Global Work Index (Discharge)	1,358 (430)	1,547 (293)	1,309 (449)	0.082
Global Constrictive Work (Discharge)	1,673 (470)	1,937 (368)	1,604 (473)	0.030
Global Wasted Work (Discharge)	184 (120)	243 (169)	168 (100)	0.12
Global Work Efficiency (Discharge)	88.3 (6.7)	87.2 (6.7)	88.6 (6.7)	0.5
Infarct Zone Work Index (Discharge)	883 (301)	NA (NA)	883 (301)
Non-Infarct Zone Work Index (Discharge)	1,401 (452)	NA (NA)	1,401 (452)
Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (Discharge)	81 (12)	NA (NA)	81 (12)
Non-Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (Discharge)	91.4 (5.6)	NA (NA)	91.4 (5.6)
Brachial Diameter Pre (Discharge)	10 (14)	3 (NA)	11 (14)	0.3
Brachial Diameter Post (Discharge)	12 (15)	4 (NA)	12 (15)	0.2
Flow-Mediated Dilation (Discharge)	9.8 (3.8)	9.0 (NA)	9.8 (3.8)	0.8
Systolic Blood Pressure (Follow-Up)	122 (16)	122 (14)	122 (16)	0.6
Diastolic Blood Pressure (Follow-Up)	71 (9)	73 (9)	70 (9)	0.2
N. of akinetic segments (Follow-Up)	1.28 (2.56)	0.30 (0.95)	1.53 (2.77)	0.2
N. of hypokinetic segments (Follow-Up)	2.00 (1.55)	1.20 (1.55)	2.20 (1.51)	0.11
N. of dyskinetic segments (Follow-Up)	0.0200 (0.1414)	0.1000 (0.3162)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.051
N. of aneurysmal segments (Follow-Up)	0.0200 (0.1414)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0250 (0.1581)	0.7
Wall Motion Score Index (Follow-Up)	1.28 (0.34)	1.11 (0.17)	1.32 (0.36)	0.024
LV End-Diastolic Volume (Follow-Up)	104 (29)	110 (36)	103 (27)	0.6
LV End-Diastolic Volume Index (Follow-Up)	55 (13)	59 (15)	54 (13)	0.3
LV End-Systolic Volume (Follow-Up)	48 (18)	47 (21)	48 (18)	0.7
LV End-Systolic Volume Index (Follow-Up)	25 (9)	25 (10)	25 (9)	0.9
LV Ejection Fraction (Follow-Up)	55 (8)	59 (7)	54 (7)	0.084
Mitral s' (Follow-Up)	8.43 (2.23)	8.60 (1.26)	8.39 (2.43)	0.3
LV Interventricular Septum (Follow-Up)	11.22 (1.52)	10.70 (1.70)	11.35 (1.46)	0.088
LV End-Diastolic Diameter (Follow-Up)	49.1 (5.7)	50.5 (6.3)	48.8 (5.6)	0.5
LV Posterior Wall (Follow-Up)	9.00 (1.09)	8.70 (0.67)	9.08 (1.16)	0.2
TAPSE (Follow-Up)	23.1 (3.9)	25.5 (4.1)	22.6 (3.7)	0.039
Tricuspid s' (Follow-Up)	13.65 (3.15)	14.43 (5.19)	13.51 (2.71)	0.9
Systolic Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (Follow-Up)	25.2 (6.4)	25.7 (6.0)	25.1 (6.6)	>0.9
Left Atrial Volume (Follow-Up)	54 (14)	51 (16)	54 (13)	0.6
Left Atrial Volume Index (Follow-Up)	28.3 (6.1)	27.7 (7.8)	28.5 (5.7)	0.8
E/A Ratio (Follow-Up)	0.93 (0.36)	0.92 (0.23)	0.94 (0.39)	0.7
E/e' Ratio (Follow-Up)	8.87 (2.72)	8.01 (2.07)	9.09 (2.84)	0.2
Diastolic Dysfunction (Follow-Up)				0.14
1	40 / 50 (80%)	6 / 10 (60%)	34 / 40 (85%)
2	2 / 50 (4.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
3	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
4	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
5	6 / 50 (12%)	3 / 10 (30%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
Mitral Regurgitation (Follow-Up)				0.6
1	3 / 50 (6.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)
2	46 / 50 (92%)	9 / 10 (90%)	37 / 40 (93%)
3	1 / 50 (2.0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
Tricuspid Regurgitation (Follow-Up)				>0.9
1	10 / 50 (20%)	2 / 10 (20%)	8 / 40 (20%)
2	40 / 50 (80%)	8 / 10 (80%)	32 / 40 (80%)
Aortic Regurgitation (Follow-Up)				0.071
1	36 / 50 (72%)	9 / 10 (90%)	27 / 40 (68%)
2	12 / 50 (24%)	0 / 10 (0%)	12 / 40 (30%)
3	2 / 50 (4.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
Ventricular Thrombus (Follow-Up)	0 / 50 (0%)	0 / 10 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Pericardial Effusion (Follow-Up)	1 / 50 (2.0%)	1 / 10 (10%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0.2
Max Dimension of Pericardial Effusion (Follow-Up)	6.0000 (NA)	6.0000 (NA)	NA (NA)
Global Longitudinal Strain (Follow-Up)	-16.5 (3.5)	-17.4 (2.2)	-16.2 (3.7)	0.8
Global Longitudinal Strain Endocardial (Follow-Up)	-19.4 (4.5)	-19.0 (3.0)	-19.5 (4.8)	0.3
Global Longitudinal Strain Myocardial (Follow-Up)	-17.0 (3.8)	-16.9 (2.6)	-17.1 (4.1)	0.6
Global Longitudinal Strain Epicardial (Follow-Up)	-14.9 (3.3)	-14.8 (2.3)	-14.9 (3.5)	0.7
Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (Follow-Up)	-12.2 (4.2)	NA (NA)	-12.2 (4.2)
Non-Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (Follow-Up)	-18.1 (3.6)	NA (NA)	-18.1 (3.6)
Peak Strain Dispersion (Follow-Up)	63 (17)	60 (16)	64 (17)	0.6
Global Work Index (Follow-Up)	1,533 (430)	1,610 (335)	1,514 (452)	0.5
Global Constrictive Work (Follow-Up)	1,878 (512)	2,086 (474)	1,826 (513)	0.13
Global Wasted Work (Follow-Up)	199 (158)	182 (104)	204 (170)	>0.9
Global Work Efficiency (Follow-Up)	89 (7)	91 (3)	89 (8)	>0.9
Infarct Zone Work Index (Follow-Up)	1,199 (431)	NA (NA)	1,199 (431)
Non-Infarct Zone Work Index (Follow-Up)	1,613 (448)	NA (NA)	1,613 (448)
Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (Follow-Up)	83 (11)	NA (NA)	83 (11)
Non-Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (Follow-Up)	93.3 (6.8)	NA (NA)	93.3 (6.8)
Brachial Diameter Pre (Follow-Up)	14 (16)	NA (NA)	14 (16)
Brachial Diameter Post (Follow-Up)	15 (18)	NA (NA)	15 (18)
Flow-Mediated Dilation (Follow-Up)	12.0 (4.2)	NA (NA)	12.0 (4.2)
¹ Mean (SD); n / N (%)
² Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum exact test


### Table 2 Echocardiography: Variations overtime in STEMI

Characteristic	Overall, N = 120¹	postPCI, N = 40¹	inHospital, N = 40¹	Follow-Up, N = 40¹	p-value²
type
STEMI	120 / 120 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)	40 / 40 (100%)
P2Y12i					>0.9
1	51 / 120 (43%)	17 / 40 (43%)	17 / 40 (43%)	17 / 40 (43%)
2	60 / 120 (50%)	20 / 40 (50%)	20 / 40 (50%)	20 / 40 (50%)
3	9 / 120 (7.5%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
P2Y12i_intention					>0.9
1	63 / 120 (53%)	21 / 40 (53%)	21 / 40 (53%)	21 / 40 (53%)
2	57 / 120 (48%)	19 / 40 (48%)	19 / 40 (48%)	19 / 40 (48%)
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	119 (16)	119 (17)	117 (14)	122 (16)	0.4
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	71 (11)	74 (12)	69 (11)	70 (9)	0.2
Number of Akinetic Segments	2.36 (2.94)	3.08 (3.11)	2.47 (2.78)	1.53 (2.77)	0.009
Number of Hypokinetic Segments	2.27 (1.52)	2.50 (1.63)	2.11 (1.43)	2.20 (1.51)	0.5
Number of Dyskinetic Segments	0.1271 (0.6608)	0.2750 (0.9334)	0.1053 (0.6489)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.075
Number of Aneurysmal Segments	0.0085 (0.0921)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0250 (0.1581)	0.4
Wall Motion Score Index	1.45 (0.43)	1.59 (0.50)	1.43 (0.37)	1.32 (0.36)	0.002
Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume (ml)	99 (26)	94 (24)	101 (27)	103 (27)	0.4
Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume Index (ml/m²)	51 (12)	49 (12)	52 (12)	54 (13)	0.2
Left Ventricular End-Systolic Volume (ml)	49 (16)	49 (14)	50 (15)	48 (18)	0.7
Left Ventricular End-Systolic Volume Index (ml/m²)	25 (8)	25 (7)	26 (7)	25 (9)	0.7
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (%)	50 (7)	48 (6)	50 (6)	54 (7)	<0.001
Mitral s' Velocity (cm/s)	8.05 (2.05)	7.88 (2.09)	7.87 (1.49)	8.39 (2.43)	0.5
Interventricular Septum Diameter (mm)	12.03 (1.72)	12.33 (1.76)	12.42 (1.76)	11.35 (1.46)	0.015
Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Diameter (mm)	47.6 (5.3)	47.2 (5.4)	46.9 (4.9)	48.8 (5.6)	0.3
Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness (mm)	9.33 (1.42)	9.38 (1.43)	9.55 (1.64)	9.08 (1.16)	0.3
Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (mm)	22.6 (3.5)	22.1 (3.8)	23.1 (2.8)	22.6 (3.7)	0.2
Tricuspid s' Velocity (cm/s)	13.13 (2.93)	12.52 (3.44)	13.38 (2.47)	13.51 (2.71)	0.4
Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mmHg)	25 (10)	24 (9)	27 (15)	25 (7)	>0.9
Left Atrial Volume (ml)	54 (13)	54 (13)	53 (14)	54 (13)	0.9
Left Atrial Volume Index (ml/m²)	28.2 (5.9)	28.2 (5.8)	27.8 (6.3)	28.5 (5.7)	0.7
E/A Ratio	0.94 (0.38)	0.91 (0.31)	0.97 (0.43)	0.94 (0.39)	>0.9
E/e' Ratio	9.30 (2.71)	8.95 (2.20)	9.89 (3.00)	9.09 (2.84)	0.3
Diastolic Dysfunction					0.5
1	95 / 118 (81%)	34 / 40 (85%)	27 / 38 (71%)	34 / 40 (85%)
2	7 / 118 (5.9%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)	4 / 38 (11%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
3	2 / 118 (1.7%)	0 / 40 (0%)	1 / 38 (2.6%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
4	1 / 118 (0.8%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0 / 38 (0%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
5	13 / 118 (11%)	4 / 40 (10%)	6 / 38 (16%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)
Mitral Regurgitation					0.3
1	13 / 118 (11%)	7 / 40 (18%)	4 / 38 (11%)	2 / 40 (5.0%)
2	99 / 118 (84%)	30 / 40 (75%)	32 / 38 (84%)	37 / 40 (93%)
3	6 / 118 (5.1%)	3 / 40 (7.5%)	2 / 38 (5.3%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
Tricuspid Regurgitation					0.7
1	26 / 118 (22%)	8 / 40 (20%)	10 / 38 (26%)	8 / 40 (20%)
2	91 / 118 (77%)	32 / 40 (80%)	27 / 38 (71%)	32 / 40 (80%)
4	1 / 118 (0.8%)	0 / 40 (0%)	1 / 38 (2.6%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Aortic Regurgitation					0.9
1	76 / 118 (64%)	25 / 40 (63%)	24 / 38 (63%)	27 / 40 (68%)
2	40 / 118 (34%)	15 / 40 (38%)	13 / 38 (34%)	12 / 40 (30%)
3	2 / 118 (1.7%)	0 / 40 (0%)	1 / 38 (2.6%)	1 / 40 (2.5%)
Ventricular Thrombus	0 / 118 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0 / 38 (0%)	0 / 40 (0%)
Maximum Dimension of Thrombus (mm)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)
Pericardial Effusion	7 / 118 (5.9%)	4 / 40 (10%)	3 / 38 (7.9%)	0 / 40 (0%)	0.13
Max Dimension of Pericardial Effusion (mm)	4.43 (1.13)	4.25 (1.50)	4.67 (0.58)	NA (NA)	0.7
Global Longitudinal Strain (%)	-15.0 (3.9)	-14.3 (4.1)	-14.5 (3.8)	-16.2 (3.7)	0.015
Global Longitudinal Strain Endocardial (%)	-17.7 (5.1)	-16.5 (5.7)	-17.1 (4.4)	-19.5 (4.8)	0.009
Global Longitudinal Strain Myocardial (%)	-15.4 (4.5)	-14.3 (5.1)	-14.8 (3.6)	-17.1 (4.1)	0.004
Global Longitudinal Strain Epicardial (%)	-13.4 (3.9)	-12.4 (4.4)	-12.7 (3.2)	-14.9 (3.5)	0.002
Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (%)	-10.5 (6.0)	-9.7 (8.6)	-9.5 (3.4)	-12.2 (4.2)	<0.001
Non-Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (%)	-17.4 (3.5)	-17.2 (3.7)	-16.9 (3.3)	-18.1 (3.6)	0.11
Peak Strain Dispersion (ms)	66 (20)	66 (19)	68 (25)	64 (17)	0.9
Global Work Index (mmHg%)	1,366 (458)	1,272 (446)	1,309 (449)	1,514 (452)	0.017
Global Constrictive Work (mmHg%)	1,685 (500)	1,621 (494)	1,604 (473)	1,826 (513)	0.052
Global Wasted Work (mmHg%)	203 (133)	236 (111)	168 (100)	204 (170)	0.007
Global Work Efficiency (%)	88 (7)	85 (7)	89 (7)	89 (8)	0.003
Infarct Zone Work Index (mmHg%)	998 (381)	906 (319)	883 (301)	1,199 (431)	<0.001
Non-Infarct Zone Work Index (mmHg%)	1,475 (446)	1,406 (416)	1,401 (452)	1,613 (448)	0.035
Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (%)	80 (11)	77 (10)	81 (12)	83 (11)	0.009
Non-Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (%)	91.2 (6.5)	89.0 (6.4)	91.4 (5.6)	93.3 (6.8)	0.007
Brachial Artery Diameter Pre (mm)	12 (15)	11 (15)	11 (14)	14 (16)	0.8
Brachial Artery Diameter Post (mm)	13 (17)	12 (16)	12 (15)	15 (18)	0.7
Flow-Mediated Dilation (%)	10.3 (4.2)	8.9 (4.0)	9.8 (3.8)	12.0 (4.2)	0.004
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test


### Table 3 Echocardiography: Variations overtime between STEMI patients treated with Ticagrelor and Prasugrel

Characteristic	1					2
Characteristic	Overall, N = 63¹	postPCI, N = 21¹	inHospital, N = 21¹	Follow-Up, N = 21¹	p-value²	Overall, N = 57¹	postPCI, N = 19¹	inHospital, N = 19¹	Follow-Up, N = 19¹	p-value³
type
STEMI	63 / 63 (100%)	21 / 21 (100%)	21 / 21 (100%)	21 / 21 (100%)		57 / 57 (100%)	19 / 19 (100%)	19 / 19 (100%)	19 / 19 (100%)
P2Y12i					>0.9
1	51 / 63 (81%)	17 / 21 (81%)	17 / 21 (81%)	17 / 21 (81%)
2	3 / 63 (4.8%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)		57 / 57 (100%)	19 / 19 (100%)	19 / 19 (100%)	19 / 19 (100%)
3	9 / 63 (14%)	3 / 21 (14%)	3 / 21 (14%)	3 / 21 (14%)
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	118 (14)	120 (16)	115 (14)	119 (12)	0.3	121 (17)	119 (19)	119 (13)	125 (20)	0.7
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	69 (10)	73 (9)	66 (11)	68 (9)	0.084	73 (12)	76 (15)	72 (10)	72 (9)	0.8
Number of Akinetic Segments	2.03 (2.89)	2.62 (3.17)	2.11 (2.56)	1.38 (2.87)	0.12	2.70 (2.98)	3.58 (3.04)	2.84 (3.00)	1.68 (2.73)	0.075
Number of Hypokinetic Segments	2.46 (1.54)	2.71 (1.93)	2.32 (1.42)	2.33 (1.24)	0.7	2.07 (1.49)	2.26 (1.24)	1.89 (1.45)	2.05 (1.78)	0.6
Number of Dyskinetic Segments	0.0984 (0.5688)	0.2857 (0.9562)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.14	0.16 (0.75)	0.26 (0.93)	0.21 (0.92)	0.00 (0.00)	0.4
Number of Aneurysmal Segments	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0000 (0.0000)		0.0175 (0.1325)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0000 (0.0000)	0.0526 (0.2294)	0.4
Wall Motion Score Index	1.41 (0.35)	1.53 (0.37)	1.38 (0.29)	1.31 (0.35)	0.022	1.49 (0.50)	1.66 (0.61)	1.48 (0.44)	1.33 (0.38)	0.060
Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume (ml)	94 (27)	89 (25)	98 (29)	97 (27)	0.4	104 (25)	100 (23)	104 (25)	109 (27)	0.8
Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume Index (ml/m²)	48 (12)	45 (10)	50 (13)	50 (12)	0.3	54 (12)	52 (12)	54 (12)	57 (13)	0.6
Left Ventricular End-Systolic Volume (ml)	46 (15)	46 (14)	49 (16)	45 (16)	0.6	51 (16)	52 (14)	51 (15)	52 (20)	0.9
Left Ventricular End-Systolic Volume Index (ml/m²)	24 (7)	24 (7)	25 (8)	23 (8)	0.6	27 (8)	27 (8)	26 (7)	27 (10)	>0.9
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (%)	51 (7)	49 (7)	50 (6)	54 (7)	0.004	50 (7)	47 (6)	49 (6)	53 (8)	0.040
Mitral s' Velocity (cm/s)	7.98 (1.63)	7.93 (1.66)	7.79 (1.58)	8.21 (1.70)	0.6	8.12 (2.43)	7.82 (2.53)	7.95 (1.44)	8.58 (3.08)	0.8
Interventricular Septum Diameter (mm)	12.03 (1.93)	12.38 (2.06)	12.42 (2.12)	11.33 (1.46)	0.2	12.02 (1.48)	12.26 (1.41)	12.42 (1.39)	11.37 (1.50)	0.10
Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Diameter (mm)	47.4 (5.3)	47.1 (5.6)	46.2 (4.9)	48.9 (5.1)	0.2	47.9 (5.5)	47.3 (5.4)	47.7 (4.9)	48.6 (6.2)	0.9
Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness (mm)	9.36 (1.63)	9.48 (1.72)	9.32 (2.00)	9.29 (1.19)	>0.9	9.30 (1.16)	9.26 (1.05)	9.79 (1.18)	8.84 (1.12)	0.052
Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (mm)	22.3 (3.8)	21.9 (4.1)	23.1 (3.3)	22.0 (4.1)	0.5	22.86 (3.00)	22.32 (3.42)	23.16 (2.36)	23.11 (3.21)	0.4
Tricuspid s' Velocity (cm/s)	13.51 (2.86)	12.80 (3.09)	13.82 (2.24)	13.95 (3.09)	0.4	12.73 (2.98)	12.22 (3.85)	12.94 (2.68)	13.05 (2.25)	0.8
Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mmHg)	25.8 (6.1)	25.1 (6.8)	26.7 (5.3)	25.9 (6.1)	0.8	25 (13)	23 (11)	27 (20)	24 (7)	0.7
Left Atrial Volume (ml)	51 (13)	52 (13)	50 (12)	51 (13)	>0.9	56 (13)	55 (12)	56 (15)	58 (13)	0.8
Left Atrial Volume Index (ml/m²)	26.8 (5.5)	27.4 (6.0)	26.4 (5.1)	26.7 (5.5)	>0.9	29.6 (6.0)	29.2 (5.7)	29.2 (7.2)	30.4 (5.3)	0.6
E/A Ratio	0.94 (0.31)	0.94 (0.30)	0.94 (0.39)	0.93 (0.25)	0.8	0.94 (0.44)	0.88 (0.33)	1.00 (0.49)	0.95 (0.50)	0.8
E/e' Ratio	8.83 (2.18)	8.53 (1.85)	9.49 (2.64)	8.53 (1.97)	0.5	9.79 (3.11)	9.40 (2.50)	10.30 (3.35)	9.68 (3.50)	0.6
Diastolic Dysfunction					0.7					0.9
1	52 / 61 (85%)	18 / 21 (86%)	15 / 19 (79%)	19 / 21 (90%)		43 / 57 (75%)	16 / 19 (84%)	12 / 19 (63%)	15 / 19 (79%)
2	3 / 61 (4.9%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)	2 / 19 (11%)	0 / 21 (0%)		4 / 57 (7.0%)	1 / 19 (5.3%)	2 / 19 (11%)	1 / 19 (5.3%)
4	1 / 61 (1.6%)	0 / 21 (0%)	0 / 19 (0%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)
5	5 / 61 (8.2%)	2 / 21 (9.5%)	2 / 19 (11%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)		8 / 57 (14%)	2 / 19 (11%)	4 / 19 (21%)	2 / 19 (11%)
3						2 / 57 (3.5%)	0 / 19 (0%)	1 / 19 (5.3%)	1 / 19 (5.3%)
Mitral Regurgitation					0.2					0.7
1	3 / 61 (4.9%)	3 / 21 (14%)	0 / 19 (0%)	0 / 21 (0%)		10 / 57 (18%)	4 / 19 (21%)	4 / 19 (21%)	2 / 19 (11%)
2	52 / 61 (85%)	15 / 21 (71%)	17 / 19 (89%)	20 / 21 (95%)		47 / 57 (82%)	15 / 19 (79%)	15 / 19 (79%)	17 / 19 (89%)
3	6 / 61 (9.8%)	3 / 21 (14%)	2 / 19 (11%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)
Tricuspid Regurgitation					>0.9					0.7
1	12 / 61 (20%)	4 / 21 (19%)	4 / 19 (21%)	4 / 21 (19%)		14 / 57 (25%)	4 / 19 (21%)	6 / 19 (32%)	4 / 19 (21%)
2	49 / 61 (80%)	17 / 21 (81%)	15 / 19 (79%)	17 / 21 (81%)		42 / 57 (74%)	15 / 19 (79%)	12 / 19 (63%)	15 / 19 (79%)
4						1 / 57 (1.8%)	0 / 19 (0%)	1 / 19 (5.3%)	0 / 19 (0%)
Aortic Regurgitation					0.9					0.8
1	37 / 61 (61%)	12 / 21 (57%)	12 / 19 (63%)	13 / 21 (62%)		39 / 57 (68%)	13 / 19 (68%)	12 / 19 (63%)	14 / 19 (74%)
2	22 / 61 (36%)	9 / 21 (43%)	6 / 19 (32%)	7 / 21 (33%)		18 / 57 (32%)	6 / 19 (32%)	7 / 19 (37%)	5 / 19 (26%)
3	2 / 61 (3.3%)	0 / 21 (0%)	1 / 19 (5.3%)	1 / 21 (4.8%)
Ventricular Thrombus	0 / 61 (0%)	0 / 21 (0%)	0 / 19 (0%)	0 / 21 (0%)		0 / 57 (0%)	0 / 19 (0%)	0 / 19 (0%)	0 / 19 (0%)
Maximum Dimension of Thrombus (mm)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)		0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)	0 / 0 (NA%)
Pericardial Effusion	1 / 61 (1.6%)	0 / 21 (0%)	1 / 19 (5.3%)	0 / 21 (0%)	0.3	6 / 57 (11%)	4 / 19 (21%)	2 / 19 (11%)	0 / 19 (0%)	0.15
Max Dimension of Pericardial Effusion (mm)	5.0000 (NA)	NA (NA)	5.0000 (NA)	NA (NA)		4.33 (1.21)	4.25 (1.50)	4.50 (0.71)	NA (NA)	0.8
Global Longitudinal Strain (%)	-15.4 (3.8)	-14.9 (4.0)	-14.6 (3.5)	-16.5 (3.8)	0.12	-14.6 (4.1)	-13.5 (4.1)	-14.3 (4.1)	-15.9 (3.8)	0.074
Global Longitudinal Strain Endocardial (%)	-18.2 (4.8)	-17.3 (5.1)	-17.4 (4.1)	-19.9 (4.9)	0.031	-17.2 (5.5)	-15.6 (6.3)	-16.9 (4.9)	-19.0 (4.8)	0.12
Global Longitudinal Strain Myocardial (%)	-15.8 (4.2)	-14.9 (4.6)	-15.0 (3.3)	-17.4 (4.2)	0.026	-15.0 (4.7)	-13.5 (5.6)	-14.6 (4.0)	-16.7 (4.1)	0.090
Global Longitudinal Strain Epicardial (%)	-13.7 (3.8)	-13.0 (4.1)	-12.8 (3.2)	-15.1 (3.7)	0.035	-13.0 (4.0)	-11.6 (4.7)	-12.6 (3.4)	-14.7 (3.4)	0.043
Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (%)	-10.5 (4.1)	-8.9 (3.8)	-9.9 (3.5)	-12.6 (4.2)	0.006	-10.5 (7.5)	-10.5 (12.0)	-9.2 (3.5)	-11.8 (4.1)	0.017
Non-Infarct Zone Longitudinal Strain (%)	-17.7 (3.7)	-17.8 (4.1)	-17.0 (2.9)	-18.1 (4.2)	0.3	-17.2 (3.3)	-16.6 (3.2)	-16.8 (3.7)	-18.0 (2.8)	0.2
Peak Strain Dispersion (ms)	59 (17)	61 (20)	58 (18)	59 (15)	>0.9	74 (21)	73 (16)	80 (27)	70 (19)	0.6
Global Work Index (mmHg%)	1,375 (448)	1,293 (449)	1,312 (429)	1,514 (450)	0.11	1,356 (472)	1,249 (454)	1,306 (480)	1,513 (466)	0.2
Global Constrictive Work (mmHg%)	1,691 (490)	1,629 (515)	1,616 (458)	1,822 (490)	0.2	1,678 (515)	1,612 (483)	1,591 (499)	1,830 (552)	0.3
Global Wasted Work (mmHg%)	183 (102)	217 (90)	164 (107)	167 (104)	0.077	225 (158)	257 (130)	173 (95)	244 (217)	0.086
Global Work Efficiency (%)	88 (7)	86 (7)	89 (6)	90 (8)	0.047	87 (7)	84 (7)	88 (7)	88 (7)	0.070
Infarct Zone Work Index (mmHg%)	1,021 (395)	926 (322)	903 (319)	1,223 (455)	0.020	973 (368)	884 (323)	863 (289)	1,172 (415)	0.027
Non-Infarct Zone Work Index (mmHg%)	1,468 (448)	1,404 (397)	1,382 (454)	1,609 (475)	0.10	1,482 (449)	1,408 (447)	1,421 (462)	1,618 (428)	0.3
Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (%)	81 (11)	78 (8)	81 (13)	83 (11)	0.15	80 (11)	75 (11)	81 (11)	82 (11)	0.058
Non-Infarct Zone Work Efficiency (%)	92 (8)	89 (8)	91 (7)	94 (9)	0.2	90.9 (4.1)	88.7 (4.2)	91.8 (3.9)	92.2 (3.5)	0.017
Brachial Artery Diameter Pre (mm)	12 (15)	11 (15)	11 (15)	14 (16)	0.9	11 (15)	11 (15)	10 (13)	14 (17)	0.9
Brachial Artery Diameter Post (mm)	13 (17)	12 (16)	13 (16)	15 (18)	>0.9	13 (16)	11 (16)	11 (15)	15 (18)	0.8
Flow-Mediated Dilation (%)	11.3 (4.4)	9.9 (4.3)	10.5 (4.2)	13.2 (4.3)	0.048	9.2 (3.8)	7.7 (3.5)	9.1 (3.4)	10.7 (3.9)	0.077
¹ n / N (%); Mean (SD)
² Fisher’s exact test; Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test
³ Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test