Nations

Load Libraries and Set Working Directory

library(tidyverse)
library(RColorBrewer)

setwd("C:/Users/Marti/OneDrive/Desktop/MC-DV")
nations <- read_csv("nations.csv")

head(nations)

# A tibble: 6 × 10
  iso2c iso3c country  year gdp_percap population birth_rate neonat_mortal_rate
  <chr> <chr> <chr>   <dbl>      <dbl>      <dbl>      <dbl>              <dbl>
1 AD    AND   Andorra  1996         NA      64291       10.9                2.8
2 AD    AND   Andorra  1994         NA      62707       10.9                3.2
3 AD    AND   Andorra  2003         NA      74783       10.3                2  
4 AD    AND   Andorra  1990         NA      54511       11.9                4.3
5 AD    AND   Andorra  2009         NA      85474        9.9                1.7
6 AD    AND   Andorra  2011         NA      82326       NA                  1.6
# ℹ 2 more variables: region <chr>, income <chr>

Add new column for GDP in Trillions

nations1 <-nations |>
  mutate(gdp_tril = gdp_percap*population/10^12)

Filter out for only desired five countries

nations_US_allies <-nations1 |>
  filter(country %in% c("United States", "Australia", "United Kingdom", "Japan"))

head(nations_US_allies)

# A tibble: 6 × 11
  iso2c iso3c country   year gdp_percap population birth_rate neonat_mortal_rate
  <chr> <chr> <chr>    <dbl>      <dbl>      <dbl>      <dbl>              <dbl>
1 AU    AUS   Austral…  2007     36563.   20827600       14.1                3.1
2 AU    AUS   Austral…  2014     45937.   23464086       12.9                2.3
3 AU    AUS   Austral…  2008     37479.   21249200       14                  3  
4 AU    AUS   Austral…  2012     42596.   22728254       13.7                2.5
5 AU    AUS   Austral…  1997     22991.   18517000       13.6                3.6
6 AU    AUS   Austral…  1993     19165.   17667000       14.7                4  
# ℹ 3 more variables: region <chr>, income <chr>, gdp_tril <dbl>

Plot Comparison of US & Allies GDP

ggplot(nations_US_allies,
         aes(x = year, y = gdp_tril, color = country)) +
    geom_point() +
    geom_line()+
  xlab("Year") +
  ylab("GDP in Trillon") +
  ggtitle("Comparison of US & Allies GDP") +
    scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set1") +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1))

Group by Country and Year

grouped_nations <-nations1 |>
 group_by(region,year) |>
  summarise(
    gdp_tril = sum(gdp_tril,na.rm = TRUE),
    .groups = 'drop'  # This will ungroup after summarisation
  )

Plot Area Plot

ggplot(grouped_nations,
         aes(x = year, y = gdp_tril, fill = region)) +
    geom_area(color ="white", size = 0.3)+
  xlab("Year") +
  ylab("GDP in Trillon") +
  ggtitle("Comparison of US & Allies GDP") +
    scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set2") +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1))

Warning: Using `size` aesthetic for lines was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
ℹ Please use `linewidth` instead.