Q1

library(lubridate)
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library(timetk)
library(purrr)
library(quantmod)
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library(dplyr)
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library(tidyr)

# Define the ETF symbols
symbols <- c("SPY", "QQQ", "EEM", "IWM", "EFA", "TLT", "IYR", "GLD")

# Download the data from Yahoo Finance
prices <- getSymbols(symbols, src = 'yahoo', from = "2010-01-01", auto.assign = TRUE, warnings = FALSE) %>% 
  map(~ Ad(get(.))) %>% 
  reduce(merge) %>%
  `colnames<-`(symbols)

# Convert xts to tibble
prices_tibble <- tk_tbl(prices, rename_index = "date")

# Ensure date column is in character format, then convert to Date type
prices_tibble <- prices_tibble %>%
  mutate(date = as.character(date)) %>%
  mutate(date = as.Date(date))

Q2

# Calculate weekly log returns
weekly_prices <- prices_tibble %>%
  group_by(week = floor_date(date, "week")) %>%
  summarize(across(all_of(symbols), last))

weekly_returns <- weekly_prices %>%
  mutate(across(all_of(symbols), ~ log(. / lag(.)))) %>%
  drop_na()

# Calculate monthly log returns
monthly_prices <- prices_tibble %>%
  group_by(month = floor_date(date, "month")) %>%
  summarize(across(all_of(symbols), last))

monthly_returns <- monthly_prices %>%
  mutate(across(all_of(symbols), ~ log(. / lag(.)))) %>%
  drop_na()

Q3

# Convert to tibble format
monthly_returns_tibble <- as_tibble(monthly_returns)

# Rename 'month' column to 'date'
monthly_returns_tibble <- monthly_returns_tibble %>%
  rename(date = month)

Q4

# Load the Fama/French data from URL
FFdata <- read.csv("https://mba.tuck.dartmouth.edu/pages/faculty/ken.french/ftp/F-F_Research_Data_Factors.CSV", skip = 3)

# Clean and format the data, handling parsing errors
FFdata <- FFdata %>%
  mutate(date = parse_date_time(X, orders = "Y%m", quiet = TRUE)) %>%
  filter(!is.na(date)) %>%
  select(date, Mkt.RF, SMB, HML, RF) 

# Convert character columns to numeric
FFdata <- FFdata %>%
  mutate(across(-date, ~ as.numeric(gsub(" ", "", .))))

# Ensure date columns are present and in Date format
FFdata <- FFdata %>%
  mutate(date = as.Date(date))

Q5-9

# Merge the ETF returns with the FF factors data
merged_data <- left_join(monthly_returns_tibble, FFdata, by = 'date')

# Check the first few rows of the merged data
head(merged_data)
## # A tibble: 6 × 13
##   date           SPY     QQQ      EEM     IWM      EFA      TLT     IYR      GLD
##   <date>       <dbl>   <dbl>    <dbl>   <dbl>    <dbl>    <dbl>   <dbl>    <dbl>
## 1 2010-02-01  0.0307  0.0450  0.0176   0.0438  0.00266 -0.00343  0.0531  0.0322 
## 2 2010-03-01  0.0591  0.0743  0.0780   0.0791  0.0619  -0.0208   0.0930 -0.00440
## 3 2010-04-01  0.0154  0.0222 -0.00166  0.0552 -0.0284   0.0327   0.0619  0.0572 
## 4 2010-05-01 -0.0828 -0.0768 -0.0986  -0.0784 -0.119    0.0498  -0.0585  0.0301 
## 5 2010-06-01 -0.0531 -0.0616 -0.0141  -0.0806 -0.0208   0.0564  -0.0478  0.0233 
## 6 2010-07-01  0.0661  0.0701  0.104    0.0651  0.110   -0.00951  0.0899 -0.0522 
## # ℹ 4 more variables: Mkt.RF <dbl>, SMB <dbl>, HML <dbl>, RF <dbl>
# Extract the relevant returns for the CAPM model
capm_returns <- merged_data %>%
  filter(date >= "2010-02-01" & date <= "2015-01-31") %>%
  select(-date, -Mkt.RF, -SMB, -HML, -RF)

# Compute the covariance matrix
capm_cov_matrix <- cov(capm_returns)
print(capm_cov_matrix)
##               SPY           QQQ           EEM           IWM           EFA
## SPY  0.0013789598  0.0014370249  0.0017213343  0.0017634418  0.0015961650
## QQQ  0.0014370249  0.0017632673  0.0017694591  0.0018116924  0.0016582428
## EEM  0.0017213343  0.0017694591  0.0033901750  0.0023127678  0.0024955584
## IWM  0.0017634418  0.0018116924  0.0023127678  0.0026629407  0.0019648700
## EFA  0.0015961650  0.0016582428  0.0024955584  0.0019648700  0.0024254008
## TLT -0.0009663043 -0.0009584927 -0.0011821267 -0.0013080755 -0.0011039449
## IYR  0.0011816465  0.0012041825  0.0017966298  0.0015876818  0.0015471656
## GLD  0.0002043556  0.0003904112  0.0009310453  0.0005394841  0.0004417083
##               TLT           IYR          GLD
## SPY -0.0009663043  0.0011816465 0.0002043556
## QQQ -0.0009584927  0.0012041825 0.0003904112
## EEM -0.0011821267  0.0017966298 0.0009310453
## IWM -0.0013080755  0.0015876818 0.0005394841
## EFA -0.0011039449  0.0015471656 0.0004417083
## TLT  0.0015464533 -0.0003632137 0.0001797669
## IYR -0.0003632137  0.0019945663 0.0005353306
## GLD  0.0001797669  0.0005353306 0.0029025882
# Extract the relevant returns and FF factors for the FF model
ff_returns <- merged_data %>%
  filter(date >= "2010-02-01" & date <= "2015-01-31")
# Compute the residuals for each ETF by regressing on the FF factors
residuals <- ff_returns %>%
  select(all_of(symbols)) %>%
  map_dfc(~ residuals(lm(. ~ Mkt.RF + SMB + HML, data = ff_returns)))

# Compute the covariance matrix of the residuals
ff_cov_matrix <- cov(residuals)
print(ff_cov_matrix)
##               SPY           QQQ           EEM           IWM           EFA
## SPY  3.259852e-06  3.622527e-06  1.785119e-06  8.351710e-07  1.903994e-06
## QQQ  3.622527e-06  2.067153e-04 -5.274417e-05 -1.248076e-05 -3.609938e-05
## EEM  1.785119e-06 -5.274417e-05  1.213627e-03  4.639485e-05  5.052315e-04
## IWM  8.351710e-07 -1.248076e-05  4.639485e-05  1.656409e-05  3.183227e-05
## EFA  1.903994e-06 -3.609938e-05  5.052315e-04  3.183227e-05  5.327990e-04
## TLT  8.486802e-06 -4.926609e-06  1.964589e-05  2.785515e-05 -2.701100e-05
## IYR  2.136890e-05 -1.638159e-05  3.328155e-04  5.932453e-05  2.082011e-04
## GLD -8.116272e-06  5.140087e-05  5.668773e-04  5.843916e-05  1.954869e-04
##               TLT           IYR           GLD
## SPY  8.486802e-06  2.136890e-05 -8.116272e-06
## QQQ -4.926609e-06 -1.638159e-05  5.140087e-05
## EEM  1.964589e-05  3.328155e-04  5.668773e-04
## IWM  2.785515e-05  5.932453e-05  5.843916e-05
## EFA -2.701100e-05  2.082011e-04  1.954869e-04
## TLT  7.800183e-04  4.560251e-04  2.593830e-04
## IYR  4.560251e-04  1.008806e-03  3.079616e-04
## GLD  2.593830e-04  3.079616e-04  2.510801e-03
# Function to compute GMV portfolio weights
compute_gmv_weights <- function(cov_matrix) {
  inv_cov <- solve(cov_matrix)
  ones <- rep(1, nrow(inv_cov))
  weights <- inv_cov %*% ones / sum(inv_cov %*% ones)
  return(weights)
}

# Compute the weights
gmv_weights_capm <- compute_gmv_weights(capm_cov_matrix)
gmv_weights_ff <- compute_gmv_weights(ff_cov_matrix)

print(gmv_weights_capm)
##            [,1]
## SPY  0.94117435
## QQQ -0.18088470
## EEM -0.01437210
## IWM -0.05253054
## EFA -0.01342503
## TLT  0.48106317
## IYR -0.21174448
## GLD  0.05071933
print(gmv_weights_ff)
##              [,1]
## SPY  0.8299928534
## QQQ  0.0052266489
## EEM  0.0001166393
## IWM  0.1868598232
## EFA  0.0009303720
## TLT  0.0032747418
## IYR -0.0286082982
## GLD  0.0022072195