ResultsBats

Abstract

This webpage will show the results of a bat survey study done in the Plumas National Forest in North California. The objective of this study is to determine the distribution of the different species of bats within the park. In order to do that we have performed occupancy models for the species present in the park. The results of this models will be shown as maps showing the probability of occurence of bats in each point, that is, if you see a value of 1, there is a 100% chance of finding a bat in that point, if there is a value of 0 there is 0% chance of finding that specie in that point, if there is a value of 0.5 there is a 50% chance of finding that specie in that point.

Another result

Data collection

There are three different types of data collected in this study:

• Vegetation plot data collected in the field in order to chatacterize the habitat.

• Data adquired via teledetection this are data maps provided by the forest service and used directly or prosseced in a way that we can use it.

• Bat species presence the species present at each site recorded using de Petterson d500X bat detectors and analized using the sonobat software

Vegetation plot

This data was collected by the Feather River College interns Jamie Buchanan, Emma Deal and Hillary Wall. All of the sampling was centered in the place were the bat detector was going to be placed. Then using a metric tape, 50 meters were measured to the North, East, West and South and several measurments were taken at each of this points.

they measured the canopy cover, land cover area, basal area and recorded the temperature and humidity for each site.

Canopy cover

The canopy cover is the percentage of overhead sky covered with canopy this is measured with a grided concave mirror. These measurements were taken at each of the four cardinal points, and at the center of the plot.

Land cover area

For each meter in the 50 meters from the center to each cardinal point, the cover was classified as woody growth, herbaceous growth, Grass, Naked Soil, Rocky Scree, Down wood or leaf Litter and the percerntage of land cover area for each cover type was calculated.

Basal area

Basal area is the square meters per hectare covered by the trunk of a tree within the plot, this was measured using a diametrical tape and a wedge prism.

Results collected in the field

Results colleted with GIS layers

Maps showing the sampled Points

Results of species prescence

In this area 0 means absence, and 1 means prescence. This table has for each site (ID), every specie and day, so for example if Mylu1=0, that means that for Myotis lucifugus (common name Little Brown bat, was detected on day one for that particular site).

Here is a key for bat species

• Myotis yumanensis (Myyu)
• Myotis californicus (Myca)
• Myotis ciliolabrum (Myci)
• Myotis volans (Myvo)
• Myotis lucifugus (Mylu)
• Parastrellus hesperus (Pahe)
• Lasiurus blossevillii (Labo)
• Myotis evotis (Myev)
• Antrozous pallidus (Anpa)
• Eptesicus fuscus (Epfu)
• Lasionycteris noctivagans (Lano)
• Myotis thysanodes (Myth)
• Tadarida brasiliensis (Tabr)
• Lasiurus cinereus (Laci)
• Corynorhinus townsendii (Coto)
• Euderma maculatum (Euma)
• Eumops perotis (Eupe)

Maps predicting the distribution of bats

Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7	Model 8	Model 9
psi(Int)	-1.61	-1.64	-1.59	-1.22	-1.20	-1.46	-1.40	-1.13	-1.40
	(1.05)	(1.12)	(1.08)	(1.01)	(0.95)	(0.98)	(1.00)	(1.09)	(0.92)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	210.29	300.25				141.28
	(211.01)	(268.36)				(196.69)
p(Int)	-3.84**	-5.57**	-4.56***	-3.48**	-2.61*	-2.88*	-2.89*	-5.52**	-0.58
	(1.19)	(2.04)	(1.33)	(1.13)	(1.08)	(1.29)	(1.30)	(2.05)	(0.87)
p(Meantemp)	0.14	0.16*	0.18*	0.12		0.16*	0.15	0.16*
	(0.07)	(0.08)	(0.08)	(0.07)		(0.08)	(0.08)	(0.08)
p(Meanhum)		0.02			0.02			0.02
		(0.02)			(0.01)			(0.02)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)			178.84		114.52				160.49
			(203.84)		(115.85)				(243.06)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)				105.76	-66.07		137.55	81.20	-92.34
				(197.21)	(67.11)		(197.26)	(196.02)	(139.25)
p(sdtemp)						-0.37	-0.34		-0.31
						(0.31)	(0.30)		(0.26)
Log Likelihood	-31.93	-30.66	-32.27	-32.50	-31.29	-31.48	-31.50	-31.50	-31.63
AICc	72.91	73.04	73.59	74.05	74.29	74.59	74.63	74.72	74.88
Delta	0.00	0.12	0.68	1.14	1.38	1.67	1.72	1.80	1.97
Weight	0.06	0.06	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.02
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

California bat (Myotis californicus)

Total model

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5
psi(Int)	0.97**	0.65	0.98**	0.72	0.75
	(0.37)	(0.45)	(0.37)	(0.45)	(0.44)
p(Int)	4.76***	4.78***	2.72**	4.77***	4.77***
	(1.38)	(1.38)	(0.83)	(1.37)	(1.37)
p(Meanhum)	-0.04**	-0.04**	-0.03**	-0.04**	-0.04**
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
p(sdtemp)	-0.43*	-0.44*		-0.44*	-0.44*
	(0.22)	(0.22)		(0.22)	(0.22)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)		0.30
		(0.29)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)				0.23
				(0.28)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)					0.15
					(0.20)
Log Likelihood	-70.68	-70.06	-72.74	-70.26	-70.33
AICc	150.47	151.83	152.13	152.23	152.37
Delta	0.00	1.35	1.66	1.76	1.89
Weight	0.09	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Western Small Footed Myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2
psi(Int)	-2.36*	-2.31*
	(1.02)	(1.01)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)	-67.74	-51.42
	(84.92)	(133.24)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	110.81	83.80
	(139.24)	(219.36)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)	-19.33	-14.16
	(25.52)	(41.07)
p(Int)	3.96**	5.52*
	(1.52)	(2.17)
p(Meantemp)	-0.33**	-0.38**
	(0.11)	(0.12)
p(sdhum)		-0.09
		(0.09)
Log Likelihood	-27.85	-27.21
AICc	70.04	71.80
Delta	0.00	1.76
Weight	0.08	0.03
Num. obs.	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Hairy-winged bat (Myotis volans)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5
psi(Int)	-0.33	0.04	0.05	0.33	-0.63
	(0.73)	(0.97)	(0.93)	(1.16)	(0.65)
p(Int)	-0.50	3.73	3.92	5.30	-2.06
	(1.11)	(4.24)	(3.96)	(4.17)	(1.72)
p(Meanhum)	-0.01			-0.01
	(0.01)			(0.01)
p(Julian)		-0.03	-0.03	-0.03
		(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)			-45.19
			(42.17)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)			60.74
			(56.54)
p(Meantemp)					0.09
					(0.14)
Log Likelihood	-39.83	-39.96	-37.51	-38.88	-40.38
AICc	86.31	86.54	86.65	86.88	87.38
Delta	0.00	0.23	0.34	0.57	1.07
Weight	0.09	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.05
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Little Brown bat (Myotis lucifugus)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7	Model 8
psi(Int)	-1.36**	-1.31**	-1.34**	-1.26*	-1.31*	-1.32**	-1.36**	-1.27*
	(0.52)	(0.51)	(0.52)	(0.52)	(0.51)	(0.50)	(0.52)	(0.52)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	0.56		0.61*			0.40	0.55	1.39
	(0.29)		(0.29)			(0.24)	(0.29)	(1.09)
p(Int)	-1.81	-1.92	3.76	-1.73	3.85	3.10**	-4.47*	-1.83
	(2.41)	(2.38)	(5.57)	(2.55)	(5.55)	(1.11)	(1.79)	(2.33)
p(Meanhum)	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.04*		-0.02
	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)		(0.02)
p(Meantemp)	0.27*	0.27*	0.27*	0.26*	0.28*		0.34**	0.27*
	(0.13)	(0.13)	(0.13)	(0.13)	(0.13)		(0.12)	(0.12)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)		0.42			0.47*
		(0.23)			(0.23)
p(Julian)			-0.03		-0.03
			(0.03)		(0.03)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)				0.47				-0.89
				(0.28)				(1.10)
p(sdhum)							0.02
							(0.07)
Log Likelihood	-39.32	-39.45	-38.65	-40.10	-38.74	-41.52	-40.26	-38.90
AICc	90.35	90.61	91.77	91.91	91.95	92.15	92.24	92.26
Delta	0.00	0.26	1.42	1.56	1.60	1.80	1.89	1.91
Weight	0.06	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.02
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Western Red Bat (Lasiurus blossevillii)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7	Model 8	Model 9	Model 10	Model 11	Model 12	Model 13	Model 14	Model 15
psi(Int)	0.12	0.01	0.17	-0.04	0.02	-0.00	0.09	0.05	0.30	1.17	0.30	2.77	-0.07	-0.06	-0.32
	(1.04)	(1.05)	(1.02)	(0.95)	(1.19)	(1.12)	(1.09)	(1.05)	(1.92)	(3.00)	(1.46)		(0.99)	(1.00)	(0.94)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)	24.58	33.01				32.52		25.98			30.57		20.13
	(30.63)	(46.84)				(42.34)		(36.91)			(42.08)		(23.76)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)	-35.11	-46.92	-15.73	-19.75	-39.44	-46.62	-35.58	-35.31	-61.73		-43.99		-28.23	-31.42	-59.32
	(44.80)	(66.55)	(12.52)	(17.77)	(109.00)	(60.12)	(40.63)	(49.92)	(279.49)		(59.66)		(34.54)	(32.79)	(77.12)
p(Int)	10.87	7.59	7.91	7.53	-1.20	-1.24	6.10	7.11	-2.02	7.66	-2.00	7.45	6.20	6.05	-3.13
	(5.86)	(5.13)	(5.44)	(5.13)	(0.89)	(0.78)	(5.75)	(5.80)	(1.48)	(5.38)	(1.34)	(4.50)	(5.60)	(5.40)	(1.85)
p(Julian)	-0.07*	-0.05	-0.06	-0.05			-0.06	-0.07*		-0.06		-0.06*	-0.05	-0.05
	(0.03)	(0.03)	(0.03)	(0.03)			(0.03)	(0.03)		(0.03)		(0.03)	(0.03)	(0.03)
p(Meanhum)	0.01		0.01				0.02	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.00
	(0.02)		(0.02)				(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)
p(sdhum)		-0.02		-0.02	-0.05	-0.05						0.02	-0.01	-0.01	-0.04
		(0.06)		(0.07)	(0.07)	(0.06)						(0.06)	(0.08)	(0.08)	(0.07)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)			13.91	17.03	33.79		31.33		52.15					27.64	53.01
			(10.98)	(14.89)	(88.87)		(36.61)		(231.33)					(29.32)	(69.51)
p(Meantemp)							0.15	0.15					0.14	0.14	0.13
							(0.12)	(0.13)					(0.13)	(0.13)	(0.11)
Log Likelihood	-26.32	-26.37	-26.66	-26.73	-28.11	-28.12	-25.39	-25.42	-28.31	-29.71	-28.45	-29.79	-25.78	-25.78	-27.28
AICc	67.12	67.21	67.78	67.93	67.94	67.96	68.18	68.24	68.33	68.53	68.61	68.69	68.96	68.96	69.04
Delta	0.00	0.09	0.67	0.82	0.83	0.84	1.07	1.12	1.22	1.42	1.49	1.57	1.85	1.85	1.92
Weight	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Long-eared Bat (Myotis evotis)

Total model

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6
psi(Int)	0.63	0.65	0.64	0.69	0.60	1.26**
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(0.54)	(0.54)	(0.49)	(0.47)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)	0.89				0.76
	(0.81)				(0.61)
p(Int)	1.49*	1.49*	2.48	1.38*	-1.24	1.42*
	(0.65)	(0.65)	(1.29)	(0.63)	(2.90)	(0.67)
p(Meanhum)	-0.02*	-0.02*	-0.02*	-0.02*	-0.02*	-0.02
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)		0.77	49.35
		(0.63)	(100.47)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)			-31.21	5.56
			(61.72)
p(Meantemp)			-0.05
			(0.05)
p(Julian)					0.01
					(0.02)
Log Likelihood	-75.99	-76.06	-73.95	-76.72	-75.44	-78.06
AICc	161.09	161.23	162.38	162.55	162.60	162.76
Delta	0.00	0.14	1.28	1.45	1.51	1.66
Weight	0.15	0.14	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.07
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
psi(Int)	-1.63*	-1.48	-1.46
	(0.82)	(0.85)	(0.81)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	26.71	34.71
	(31.98)	(56.88)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)	-31.00	-40.71	-18.74
	(38.41)	(68.28)	(16.45)
p(Int)	18.34*	23.28	15.90*
	(9.06)	(12.34)	(8.07)
p(Julian)	-0.12*	-0.13*	-0.11*
	(0.06)	(0.07)	(0.05)
p(Meanhum)	0.05	0.04	0.04
	(0.03)	(0.03)	(0.02)
p(Meantemp)		-0.17
		(0.15)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)			13.47
			(11.40)
Log Likelihood	-21.00	-20.13	-21.81
AICc	56.47	57.66	58.10
Delta	0.00	1.19	1.63
Weight	0.22	0.12	0.10
Num. obs.	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Fringed Bat (Myotis thysanoides)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7	Model 8	Model 9
psi(Int)	-0.06	-0.20	-1.06	-0.99	-1.11	-1.00	-1.06	-0.98	-1.11
	(1.19)	(1.03)	(1.23)	(1.21)	(1.38)	(1.28)	(1.22)	(1.21)	(1.41)
p(Int)	-23.71	-26.24*	-21.36	-21.25	-19.06	-22.68	-26.89*	-26.00*	-24.70*
	(13.80)	(11.08)	(11.47)	(11.31)	(10.38)	(11.67)	(11.40)	(11.16)	(11.01)
p(Julian)	0.11	0.12*	0.10	0.10	0.09	0.11*	0.13*	0.12*	0.11*
	(0.06)	(0.05)	(0.05)	(0.05)	(0.05)	(0.06)	(0.06)	(0.06)	(0.05)
p(Meanhum)	-0.01		-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02
	(0.03)		(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)
p(sdhum)		-0.01					-0.02	-0.02	-0.01
		(0.09)					(0.08)	(0.07)	(0.07)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)			1.11			21.87	0.97
			(1.21)			(33.22)	(1.16)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)				0.89				0.80
				(1.03)				(1.14)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)					2.49	-11.66			2.35
					(2.79)	(19.12)			(2.64)
Log Likelihood	-20.21	-20.24	-19.24	-19.27	-19.30	-18.06	-19.49	-19.57	-19.62
AICc	49.53	49.60	50.19	50.25	50.31	50.59	50.69	50.85	50.95
Delta	0.00	0.07	0.66	0.72	0.78	1.06	1.16	1.32	1.42
Weight	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.03
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Townsend’s Long-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7	Model 8	Model 9
psi(Int)	-1.46	0.79	-1.56	-1.53	-1.30	1.53	-1.40	-0.54	1.61
	(1.34)	(3.14)	(1.25)	(1.32)	(1.39)	(5.36)	(1.21)	(1.51)	(4.44)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)	-19.01		-20.18	-22.13				-33.77
	(17.38)		(20.92)	(26.13)				(39.73)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)	32.38		34.50	37.67	39.06		15.74
	(29.02)		(34.95)	(43.39)	(39.82)		(16.41)
p(Int)	-4.78**	-5.36*	4.25	-8.32*	-4.73**	-9.30*	6.45	-5.43**	0.78
	(1.77)	(2.23)	(6.78)	(3.52)	(1.76)	(3.62)	(7.52)	(1.97)	(5.86)
p(Meanhum)	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.06*	0.04	0.06*	0.06*	0.04	0.04
	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.03)	(0.02)	(0.03)	(0.03)	(0.02)	(0.02)
p(Julian)			-0.05				-0.08*		-0.03
			(0.04)				(0.04)		(0.03)
p(Meantemp)				0.14		0.15	0.18
				(0.12)		(0.11)	(0.12)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)					-31.48			46.63
					(32.30)			(54.79)
Log Likelihood	-18.71	-21.67	-17.79	-17.85	-19.24	-20.62	-17.97	-19.40	-20.87
AICc	49.14	49.98	50.05	50.18	50.18	50.35	50.40	50.52	50.85
Delta	0.00	0.84	0.91	1.04	1.04	1.21	1.26	1.37	1.71
Weight	0.08	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

The western pipistrelle (Parastrellus hesperus)

big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
psi(Int)	-0.65	-0.65	-0.69	-0.72
	(0.70)	(0.59)	(0.70)	(0.61)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)	-44.80		-60.62
	(51.07)		(73.35)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	65.47	0.53	88.81
	(76.22)	(0.31)	(109.03)
p(Int)	6.07**	6.66**	5.39**	6.53**
	(2.03)	(2.34)	(2.07)	(2.34)
p(Meanhum)	-0.04**	-0.05**	-0.04**	-0.05**
	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)	(0.02)
p(Meantemp)	-0.30**	-0.28*	-0.28**	-0.27*
	(0.09)	(0.11)	(0.09)	(0.11)
p(sdhum)			0.05
			(0.05)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)				0.54
				(0.29)
Log Likelihood	-44.92	-47.20	-44.41	-47.27
AICc	104.31	106.12	106.20	106.25
Delta	0.00	1.81	1.89	1.94
Weight	0.16	0.06	0.06	0.06
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2
psi(Int)	-0.06	-0.17
	(0.63)	(0.64)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)	-83.93	-614.20
	(139.70)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	117.73	847.03
	(195.54)
p(Int)	1.01	1.09
	(1.10)	(1.10)
p(Meantemp)	-0.19**	-0.19**
	(0.07)	(0.07)
p(sdhum)	-0.09	-0.08
	(0.06)	(0.06)
p(sdtemp)	0.73**	0.71*
	(0.28)	(0.27)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)		16.34
Log Likelihood	-56.62	-56.06
AICc	130.63	132.62
Delta	0.00	2.00
Weight	0.11	0.04
Num. obs.	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Brazilian free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7	Model 8	Model 9	Model 10	Model 11	Model 12	Model 13
psi(Int)	1.04	0.88	0.92	0.83	0.95	0.94	0.75	0.74	0.71	1.09	2.07	0.99	1.47*
	(0.65)	(0.54)	(0.63)	(0.53)	(0.64)	(0.60)	(0.59)	(0.59)	(0.58)	(0.70)	(1.07)	(0.61)	(0.57)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)	11.99	10.80	0.85	24.21		24.23		28.05				12.05
	(9.79)	(8.74)	(0.93)	(20.85)		(20.93)		(65.91)				(9.84)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	-13.75	-12.47		-32.24	1.12	-31.51			26.12			-13.81
	(10.98)	(9.86)		(27.21)	(1.24)	(27.04)			(58.26)			(11.04)
p(Int)	1.92	3.41	2.29	3.73	2.28	1.66	0.22	0.25	0.19	2.06	2.19	4.84	0.31
	(1.43)	(2.86)	(1.32)	(2.86)	(1.31)	(1.40)	(0.62)	(0.62)	(0.62)	(1.24)	(1.30)	(3.20)	(0.68)
p(Meanhum)	-0.01	-0.00	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.00	-0.00	-0.00	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.00
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
p(Meantemp)	-0.07		-0.10		-0.10	-0.06				-0.10	-0.11	-0.08
	(0.07)		(0.06)		(0.06)	(0.07)				(0.05)	(0.06)	(0.07)
p(Julian)		-0.02		-0.02								-0.02
		(0.01)		(0.01)								(0.01)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)				4.09		3.45	25.12			2.38
				(4.12)		(3.83)	(109.79)
Log Likelihood	-75.81	-75.85	-77.29	-74.52	-77.46	-74.73	-78.95	-78.95	-78.96	-77.87	-79.25	-75.21	-80.70
AICc	166.09	166.17	166.29	166.44	166.63	166.85	167.00	167.01	167.03	167.46	167.60	167.82	168.05
Delta	0.00	0.08	0.20	0.35	0.54	0.76	0.91	0.92	0.94	1.37	1.52	1.73	1.96
Weight	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.03
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6
psi(Int)	0.90	0.61	0.66	0.43	0.56	0.40
	(0.57)	(0.47)	(0.49)	(0.40)	(0.45)	(0.39)
p(Int)	2.98	4.50	-2.36	-0.45	5.52	0.07
	(3.17)	(3.26)	(1.32)	(0.77)	(3.31)	(0.49)
p(Julian)	-0.03	-0.03			-0.03
	(0.02)	(0.02)			(0.02)
p(Meanhum)	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
p(sdtemp)	0.43		0.37
	(0.23)		(0.23)
p(sdhum)					0.04	0.01
					(0.05)	(0.05)
Log Likelihood	-66.27	-67.98	-68.08	-69.33	-68.15	-69.64
AICc	144.25	145.08	145.27	145.32	145.41	145.94
Delta	0.00	0.83	1.02	1.07	1.17	1.69
Weight	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Spotted bat (Euderma maculatum)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6
psi(Int)	8.20	8.02	-0.51	-0.42	-0.08	5.90
	(85.57)	(67.46)	(2.26)	(2.32)	(1.17)	(21.85)
p(Int)	1.29	-0.25	1.52	1.52	4.74	5.58
	(2.16)	(2.62)	(2.16)	(2.17)	(4.57)	(6.46)
p(Meanhum)	-0.11	-0.13	-0.10	-0.10	-0.26	-0.11
	(0.06)	(0.08)	(0.06)	(0.06)	(0.19)	(0.06)
p(sdtemp)		0.62
		(0.50)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)			0.68
			(0.87)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)				0.87
				(1.20)
p(sdhum)					0.35
					(0.28)
p(Julian)						-0.02
						(0.03)
Log Likelihood	-10.75	-9.88	-10.47	-10.49	-10.50	-10.51
AICc	28.14	28.87	30.05	30.10	30.11	30.13
Delta	0.00	0.73	1.91	1.96	1.97	1.99
Weight	0.09	0.06	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Num. obs.	41	41	41	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

western mastiff bat (Eumops perotis)

Statistical models

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
psi(Int)	-5.48	-5.82	-11.53
	(3.85)	(4.08)	(14.45)
psi(Burn.intensity.basal)	-62.33	-70.65	40.98
	(41.18)	(45.96)	(46.92)
psi(Burn.intensity.Canopy)	85.39	96.61
	(56.08)	(62.57)
p(Int)	0.55	-0.35	-1.00
	(1.47)	(1.70)	(1.17)
p(Meantemp)	-0.15	-0.21
	(0.10)	(0.12)
p(sdtemp)		0.53
		(0.42)
psi(Burn.intensity.soil)			-47.33
			(54.21)
p(Meanhum)			-0.01
			(0.02)
Log Likelihood	-15.23	-14.24	-16.03
AICc	42.08	42.82	43.78
Delta	0.00	0.74	1.70
Weight	0.12	0.08	0.05
Num. obs.	41	41	41
p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05

Relationships between different species of Bats

Fire bats

	with.fire	without.fire	with.fire.sd
Yuma.Myotis	1.00	0.18	0.02
Small.Footed.Myotis	0.65	0.09	0.42
Little.Brown.Bat	0.56	0.21	0.19
Western.Red.Bat	0.51	0.53	0.48
Long.eared.Bat	0.93	0.65	0.06
Pallid.Bat	0.39	0.16	0.47
Townsend.s.big.eared.Bat	0.69	0.19	0.43
Big.Brow.Bat	0.89	0.35	0.29
Silver.Haired.Bat	0.79	0.49	0.36
Brazilian.free.tailed.bat	0.84	0.74	0.29
western.mastiff.bat	0.52	0.01	0.49

## 
##  One Sample t-test
## 
## data:  myyu
## t = 5131.5, df = 10347, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0.181889
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.9992385 0.9998632
## sample estimates:
## mean of x 
## 0.9995509

## 
##  One Sample t-test
## 
## data:  myci
## t = 136.73, df = 10347, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0.09200701
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.6444203 0.6604896
## sample estimates:
## mean of x 
##  0.652455

## 
##  One Sample t-test
## 
## data:  mylu
## t = 195.95, df = 10347, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0.2051132
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.5585392 0.5656818
## sample estimates:
## mean of x 
## 0.5621105

## 
##  One Sample t-test
## 
## data:  labl
## t = -3.2746, df = 10347, p-value = 0.001062
## alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0.5267009
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.5017429 0.5204342
## sample estimates:
## mean of x 
## 0.5110886

## 
##  One Sample t-test
## 
## data:  myev
## t = 466.05, df = 10347, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0.6525984
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.9330793 0.9354487
## sample estimates:
## mean of x 
##  0.934264

## 
##  One Sample t-test
## 
## data:  anpa
## t = 48.79, df = 10347, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0.1632505
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.3780204 0.3960000
## sample estimates:
## mean of x 
## 0.3870102

## 
##  One Sample t-test
## 
## data:  coto
## t = 116.76, df = 10347, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0.1948568
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.6830924 0.6997649
## sample estimates:
## mean of x 
## 0.6914286

library(vioplot)

## Loading required package: sm
## Package 'sm', version 2.2-5.4: type help(sm) for summary information

vioplot(myyu,myci, mylu, labl, myev, anpa, coto, epfu, lano, tabr, eupe, col="grey")

The End