library(tidyverse)## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr 1.1.4 ✔ readr 2.1.5
## ✔ forcats 1.0.0 ✔ stringr 1.5.1
## ✔ ggplot2 3.5.1 ✔ tibble 3.2.1
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.3 ✔ tidyr 1.3.1
## ✔ purrr 1.0.2
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errorslibrary(dplyr)#importing iris dataset
iris## Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
## 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
## 7 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 8 5.0 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 9 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 10 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 11 5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 12 4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 13 4.8 3.0 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 14 4.3 3.0 1.1 0.1 setosa
## 15 5.8 4.0 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 16 5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 17 5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4 setosa
## 18 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 19 5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 setosa
## 20 5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3 setosa
## 21 5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2 setosa
## 22 5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 23 4.6 3.6 1.0 0.2 setosa
## 24 5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5 setosa
## 25 4.8 3.4 1.9 0.2 setosa
## 26 5.0 3.0 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 27 5.0 3.4 1.6 0.4 setosa
## 28 5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 29 5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 30 4.7 3.2 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 31 4.8 3.1 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 32 5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 33 5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 34 5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 35 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 36 5.0 3.2 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 37 5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 38 4.9 3.6 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 39 4.4 3.0 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 40 5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 41 5.0 3.5 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 42 4.5 2.3 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 43 4.4 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 44 5.0 3.5 1.6 0.6 setosa
## 45 5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4 setosa
## 46 4.8 3.0 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 47 5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 48 4.6 3.2 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 49 5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 50 5.0 3.3 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 51 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 52 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 53 6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 54 5.5 2.3 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 55 6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 versicolor
## 56 5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3 versicolor
## 57 6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6 versicolor
## 58 4.9 2.4 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 59 6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3 versicolor
## 60 5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 versicolor
## 61 5.0 2.0 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 62 5.9 3.0 4.2 1.5 versicolor
## 63 6.0 2.2 4.0 1.0 versicolor
## 64 6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 65 5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3 versicolor
## 66 6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 67 5.6 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 68 5.8 2.7 4.1 1.0 versicolor
## 69 6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 70 5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1 versicolor
## 71 5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8 versicolor
## 72 6.1 2.8 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 73 6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 74 6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2 versicolor
## 75 6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 76 6.6 3.0 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 77 6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4 versicolor
## 78 6.7 3.0 5.0 1.7 versicolor
## 79 6.0 2.9 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 80 5.7 2.6 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 81 5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1 versicolor
## 82 5.5 2.4 3.7 1.0 versicolor
## 83 5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2 versicolor
## 84 6.0 2.7 5.1 1.6 versicolor
## 85 5.4 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 86 6.0 3.4 4.5 1.6 versicolor
## 87 6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5 versicolor
## 88 6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3 versicolor
## 89 5.6 3.0 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 90 5.5 2.5 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 91 5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2 versicolor
## 92 6.1 3.0 4.6 1.4 versicolor
## 93 5.8 2.6 4.0 1.2 versicolor
## 94 5.0 2.3 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 95 5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 96 5.7 3.0 4.2 1.2 versicolor
## 97 5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 98 6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 99 5.1 2.5 3.0 1.1 versicolor
## 100 5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 101 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
## 102 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 103 7.1 3.0 5.9 2.1 virginica
## 104 6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8 virginica
## 105 6.5 3.0 5.8 2.2 virginica
## 106 7.6 3.0 6.6 2.1 virginica
## 107 4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7 virginica
## 108 7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8 virginica
## 109 6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 virginica
## 110 7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5 virginica
## 111 6.5 3.2 5.1 2.0 virginica
## 112 6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9 virginica
## 113 6.8 3.0 5.5 2.1 virginica
## 114 5.7 2.5 5.0 2.0 virginica
## 115 5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4 virginica
## 116 6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3 virginica
## 117 6.5 3.0 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 118 7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2 virginica
## 119 7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3 virginica
## 120 6.0 2.2 5.0 1.5 virginica
## 121 6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3 virginica
## 122 5.6 2.8 4.9 2.0 virginica
## 123 7.7 2.8 6.7 2.0 virginica
## 124 6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 125 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1 virginica
## 126 7.2 3.2 6.0 1.8 virginica
## 127 6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 128 6.1 3.0 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 129 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1 virginica
## 130 7.2 3.0 5.8 1.6 virginica
## 131 7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 virginica
## 132 7.9 3.8 6.4 2.0 virginica
## 133 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 virginica
## 134 6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5 virginica
## 135 6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4 virginica
## 136 7.7 3.0 6.1 2.3 virginica
## 137 6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 138 6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 139 6.0 3.0 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 140 6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1 virginica
## 141 6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 142 6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3 virginica
## 143 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 144 6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3 virginica
## 145 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5 virginica
## 146 6.7 3.0 5.2 2.3 virginica
## 147 6.3 2.5 5.0 1.9 virginica
## 148 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
## 149 6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 virginica
## 150 5.9 3.0 5.1 1.8 virginicaChoose and display only the columns ‘Sepal.Length’, ‘Species’, and ‘Petal.Width’.
iris |>
select(Sepal.Length, Species, Petal.Width) #using select## Sepal.Length Species Petal.Width
## 1 5.1 setosa 0.2
## 2 4.9 setosa 0.2
## 3 4.7 setosa 0.2
## 4 4.6 setosa 0.2
## 5 5.0 setosa 0.2
## 6 5.4 setosa 0.4
## 7 4.6 setosa 0.3
## 8 5.0 setosa 0.2
## 9 4.4 setosa 0.2
## 10 4.9 setosa 0.1
## 11 5.4 setosa 0.2
## 12 4.8 setosa 0.2
## 13 4.8 setosa 0.1
## 14 4.3 setosa 0.1
## 15 5.8 setosa 0.2
## 16 5.7 setosa 0.4
## 17 5.4 setosa 0.4
## 18 5.1 setosa 0.3
## 19 5.7 setosa 0.3
## 20 5.1 setosa 0.3
## 21 5.4 setosa 0.2
## 22 5.1 setosa 0.4
## 23 4.6 setosa 0.2
## 24 5.1 setosa 0.5
## 25 4.8 setosa 0.2
## 26 5.0 setosa 0.2
## 27 5.0 setosa 0.4
## 28 5.2 setosa 0.2
## 29 5.2 setosa 0.2
## 30 4.7 setosa 0.2
## 31 4.8 setosa 0.2
## 32 5.4 setosa 0.4
## 33 5.2 setosa 0.1
## 34 5.5 setosa 0.2
## 35 4.9 setosa 0.2
## 36 5.0 setosa 0.2
## 37 5.5 setosa 0.2
## 38 4.9 setosa 0.1
## 39 4.4 setosa 0.2
## 40 5.1 setosa 0.2
## 41 5.0 setosa 0.3
## 42 4.5 setosa 0.3
## 43 4.4 setosa 0.2
## 44 5.0 setosa 0.6
## 45 5.1 setosa 0.4
## 46 4.8 setosa 0.3
## 47 5.1 setosa 0.2
## 48 4.6 setosa 0.2
## 49 5.3 setosa 0.2
## 50 5.0 setosa 0.2
## 51 7.0 versicolor 1.4
## 52 6.4 versicolor 1.5
## 53 6.9 versicolor 1.5
## 54 5.5 versicolor 1.3
## 55 6.5 versicolor 1.5
## 56 5.7 versicolor 1.3
## 57 6.3 versicolor 1.6
## 58 4.9 versicolor 1.0
## 59 6.6 versicolor 1.3
## 60 5.2 versicolor 1.4
## 61 5.0 versicolor 1.0
## 62 5.9 versicolor 1.5
## 63 6.0 versicolor 1.0
## 64 6.1 versicolor 1.4
## 65 5.6 versicolor 1.3
## 66 6.7 versicolor 1.4
## 67 5.6 versicolor 1.5
## 68 5.8 versicolor 1.0
## 69 6.2 versicolor 1.5
## 70 5.6 versicolor 1.1
## 71 5.9 versicolor 1.8
## 72 6.1 versicolor 1.3
## 73 6.3 versicolor 1.5
## 74 6.1 versicolor 1.2
## 75 6.4 versicolor 1.3
## 76 6.6 versicolor 1.4
## 77 6.8 versicolor 1.4
## 78 6.7 versicolor 1.7
## 79 6.0 versicolor 1.5
## 80 5.7 versicolor 1.0
## 81 5.5 versicolor 1.1
## 82 5.5 versicolor 1.0
## 83 5.8 versicolor 1.2
## 84 6.0 versicolor 1.6
## 85 5.4 versicolor 1.5
## 86 6.0 versicolor 1.6
## 87 6.7 versicolor 1.5
## 88 6.3 versicolor 1.3
## 89 5.6 versicolor 1.3
## 90 5.5 versicolor 1.3
## 91 5.5 versicolor 1.2
## 92 6.1 versicolor 1.4
## 93 5.8 versicolor 1.2
## 94 5.0 versicolor 1.0
## 95 5.6 versicolor 1.3
## 96 5.7 versicolor 1.2
## 97 5.7 versicolor 1.3
## 98 6.2 versicolor 1.3
## 99 5.1 versicolor 1.1
## 100 5.7 versicolor 1.3
## 101 6.3 virginica 2.5
## 102 5.8 virginica 1.9
## 103 7.1 virginica 2.1
## 104 6.3 virginica 1.8
## 105 6.5 virginica 2.2
## 106 7.6 virginica 2.1
## 107 4.9 virginica 1.7
## 108 7.3 virginica 1.8
## 109 6.7 virginica 1.8
## 110 7.2 virginica 2.5
## 111 6.5 virginica 2.0
## 112 6.4 virginica 1.9
## 113 6.8 virginica 2.1
## 114 5.7 virginica 2.0
## 115 5.8 virginica 2.4
## 116 6.4 virginica 2.3
## 117 6.5 virginica 1.8
## 118 7.7 virginica 2.2
## 119 7.7 virginica 2.3
## 120 6.0 virginica 1.5
## 121 6.9 virginica 2.3
## 122 5.6 virginica 2.0
## 123 7.7 virginica 2.0
## 124 6.3 virginica 1.8
## 125 6.7 virginica 2.1
## 126 7.2 virginica 1.8
## 127 6.2 virginica 1.8
## 128 6.1 virginica 1.8
## 129 6.4 virginica 2.1
## 130 7.2 virginica 1.6
## 131 7.4 virginica 1.9
## 132 7.9 virginica 2.0
## 133 6.4 virginica 2.2
## 134 6.3 virginica 1.5
## 135 6.1 virginica 1.4
## 136 7.7 virginica 2.3
## 137 6.3 virginica 2.4
## 138 6.4 virginica 1.8
## 139 6.0 virginica 1.8
## 140 6.9 virginica 2.1
## 141 6.7 virginica 2.4
## 142 6.9 virginica 2.3
## 143 5.8 virginica 1.9
## 144 6.8 virginica 2.3
## 145 6.7 virginica 2.5
## 146 6.7 virginica 2.3
## 147 6.3 virginica 1.9
## 148 6.5 virginica 2.0
## 149 6.2 virginica 2.3
## 150 5.9 virginica 1.8Subset the data to include only rows where ‘Sepal.Length’ is greater than 5.
iris |>
filter(Sepal.Length > 5) #here i just need to manipulate the rows## Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
## 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 2 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
## 3 5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 4 5.8 4.0 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 5 5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 6 5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4 setosa
## 7 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 8 5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 setosa
## 9 5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3 setosa
## 10 5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2 setosa
## 11 5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 12 5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5 setosa
## 13 5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 14 5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 15 5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 16 5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 17 5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 18 5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 19 5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 20 5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4 setosa
## 21 5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 22 5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 23 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 24 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 25 6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 26 5.5 2.3 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 27 6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 versicolor
## 28 5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3 versicolor
## 29 6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6 versicolor
## 30 6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3 versicolor
## 31 5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 versicolor
## 32 5.9 3.0 4.2 1.5 versicolor
## 33 6.0 2.2 4.0 1.0 versicolor
## 34 6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 35 5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3 versicolor
## 36 6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 37 5.6 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 38 5.8 2.7 4.1 1.0 versicolor
## 39 6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 40 5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1 versicolor
## 41 5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8 versicolor
## 42 6.1 2.8 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 43 6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 44 6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2 versicolor
## 45 6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 46 6.6 3.0 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 47 6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4 versicolor
## 48 6.7 3.0 5.0 1.7 versicolor
## 49 6.0 2.9 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 50 5.7 2.6 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 51 5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1 versicolor
## 52 5.5 2.4 3.7 1.0 versicolor
## 53 5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2 versicolor
## 54 6.0 2.7 5.1 1.6 versicolor
## 55 5.4 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 56 6.0 3.4 4.5 1.6 versicolor
## 57 6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5 versicolor
## 58 6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3 versicolor
## 59 5.6 3.0 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 60 5.5 2.5 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 61 5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2 versicolor
## 62 6.1 3.0 4.6 1.4 versicolor
## 63 5.8 2.6 4.0 1.2 versicolor
## 64 5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 65 5.7 3.0 4.2 1.2 versicolor
## 66 5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 67 6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 68 5.1 2.5 3.0 1.1 versicolor
## 69 5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 70 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
## 71 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 72 7.1 3.0 5.9 2.1 virginica
## 73 6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8 virginica
## 74 6.5 3.0 5.8 2.2 virginica
## 75 7.6 3.0 6.6 2.1 virginica
## 76 7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8 virginica
## 77 6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 virginica
## 78 7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5 virginica
## 79 6.5 3.2 5.1 2.0 virginica
## 80 6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9 virginica
## 81 6.8 3.0 5.5 2.1 virginica
## 82 5.7 2.5 5.0 2.0 virginica
## 83 5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4 virginica
## 84 6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3 virginica
## 85 6.5 3.0 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 86 7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2 virginica
## 87 7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3 virginica
## 88 6.0 2.2 5.0 1.5 virginica
## 89 6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3 virginica
## 90 5.6 2.8 4.9 2.0 virginica
## 91 7.7 2.8 6.7 2.0 virginica
## 92 6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 93 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1 virginica
## 94 7.2 3.2 6.0 1.8 virginica
## 95 6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 96 6.1 3.0 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 97 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1 virginica
## 98 7.2 3.0 5.8 1.6 virginica
## 99 7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 virginica
## 100 7.9 3.8 6.4 2.0 virginica
## 101 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 virginica
## 102 6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5 virginica
## 103 6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4 virginica
## 104 7.7 3.0 6.1 2.3 virginica
## 105 6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 106 6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 107 6.0 3.0 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 108 6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1 virginica
## 109 6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 110 6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3 virginica
## 111 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 112 6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3 virginica
## 113 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5 virginica
## 114 6.7 3.0 5.2 2.3 virginica
## 115 6.3 2.5 5.0 1.9 virginica
## 116 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
## 117 6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 virginica
## 118 5.9 3.0 5.1 1.8 virginicaSort the dataset based on the ‘Petal.Length’ column in ascending order.
iris|>
arrange(Petal.Length) #arrange sorts in ascending order by default, so arrange can just be applied to petal length ## Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
## 1 4.6 3.6 1.0 0.2 setosa
## 2 4.3 3.0 1.1 0.1 setosa
## 3 5.8 4.0 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 4 5.0 3.2 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 5 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 6 5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4 setosa
## 7 5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 8 4.4 3.0 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 9 5.0 3.5 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 10 4.5 2.3 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 11 4.4 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 12 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 13 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 14 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 15 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 16 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 17 4.8 3.0 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 18 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 19 5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 20 5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 21 4.9 3.6 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 22 4.8 3.0 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 23 4.6 3.2 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 24 5.0 3.3 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 25 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 26 5.0 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 27 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 28 5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 29 5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 30 5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3 setosa
## 31 5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 32 5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 33 5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 34 5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 35 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 36 5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 37 5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 38 4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 39 5.0 3.0 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 40 5.0 3.4 1.6 0.4 setosa
## 41 4.7 3.2 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 42 4.8 3.1 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 43 5.0 3.5 1.6 0.6 setosa
## 44 5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 45 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
## 46 5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 setosa
## 47 5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2 setosa
## 48 5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5 setosa
## 49 4.8 3.4 1.9 0.2 setosa
## 50 5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4 setosa
## 51 5.1 2.5 3.0 1.1 versicolor
## 52 4.9 2.4 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 53 5.0 2.3 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 54 5.0 2.0 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 55 5.7 2.6 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 56 5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3 versicolor
## 57 5.5 2.4 3.7 1.0 versicolor
## 58 5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1 versicolor
## 59 5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 versicolor
## 60 5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1 versicolor
## 61 5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2 versicolor
## 62 5.5 2.3 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 63 6.0 2.2 4.0 1.0 versicolor
## 64 6.1 2.8 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 65 5.5 2.5 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 66 5.8 2.6 4.0 1.2 versicolor
## 67 5.8 2.7 4.1 1.0 versicolor
## 68 5.6 3.0 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 69 5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 70 5.9 3.0 4.2 1.5 versicolor
## 71 5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 72 5.7 3.0 4.2 1.2 versicolor
## 73 5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 74 6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 75 6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 76 6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 77 6.6 3.0 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 78 6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3 versicolor
## 79 5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2 versicolor
## 80 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 81 5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3 versicolor
## 82 5.6 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 83 6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 84 6.0 2.9 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 85 5.4 3.0 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 86 6.0 3.4 4.5 1.6 versicolor
## 87 4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7 virginica
## 88 6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 versicolor
## 89 6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3 versicolor
## 90 6.1 3.0 4.6 1.4 versicolor
## 91 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 92 6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6 versicolor
## 93 6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 94 6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2 versicolor
## 95 6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5 versicolor
## 96 5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8 versicolor
## 97 6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4 versicolor
## 98 6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 99 6.0 3.0 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 100 6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 101 6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 102 5.6 2.8 4.9 2.0 virginica
## 103 6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 104 6.1 3.0 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 105 6.7 3.0 5.0 1.7 versicolor
## 106 5.7 2.5 5.0 2.0 virginica
## 107 6.0 2.2 5.0 1.5 virginica
## 108 6.3 2.5 5.0 1.9 virginica
## 109 6.0 2.7 5.1 1.6 versicolor
## 110 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 111 6.5 3.2 5.1 2.0 virginica
## 112 5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4 virginica
## 113 6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5 virginica
## 114 6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3 virginica
## 115 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 116 5.9 3.0 5.1 1.8 virginica
## 117 6.7 3.0 5.2 2.3 virginica
## 118 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
## 119 6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9 virginica
## 120 6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3 virginica
## 121 6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1 virginica
## 122 6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 virginica
## 123 6.8 3.0 5.5 2.1 virginica
## 124 6.5 3.0 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 125 6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 126 6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8 virginica
## 127 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1 virginica
## 128 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 virginica
## 129 6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4 virginica
## 130 6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 131 6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 132 6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3 virginica
## 133 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1 virginica
## 134 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5 virginica
## 135 6.5 3.0 5.8 2.2 virginica
## 136 6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 virginica
## 137 7.2 3.0 5.8 1.6 virginica
## 138 7.1 3.0 5.9 2.1 virginica
## 139 6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3 virginica
## 140 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
## 141 7.2 3.2 6.0 1.8 virginica
## 142 7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5 virginica
## 143 7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 virginica
## 144 7.7 3.0 6.1 2.3 virginica
## 145 7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8 virginica
## 146 7.9 3.8 6.4 2.0 virginica
## 147 7.6 3.0 6.6 2.1 virginica
## 148 7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2 virginica
## 149 7.7 2.8 6.7 2.0 virginica
## 150 7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3 virginicaCreate a new variable ‘sepal_ratio’ by dividing ‘Sepal.Width’ by ‘Sepal.Length’. Display the updated dataset.
iris |>
mutate( #verb so i can mutate the data and add a new column
sepal_ratio = (Sepal.Width / Sepal.Length), #math for ratio
.after = Sepal.Width) #for easy display, i'm using .after to put this new col after length and width## Sepal.Length Sepal.Width sepal_ratio Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
## 1 5.1 3.5 0.6862745 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 2 4.9 3.0 0.6122449 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 3 4.7 3.2 0.6808511 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 4 4.6 3.1 0.6739130 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 5 5.0 3.6 0.7200000 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 6 5.4 3.9 0.7222222 1.7 0.4 setosa
## 7 4.6 3.4 0.7391304 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 8 5.0 3.4 0.6800000 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 9 4.4 2.9 0.6590909 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 10 4.9 3.1 0.6326531 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 11 5.4 3.7 0.6851852 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 12 4.8 3.4 0.7083333 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 13 4.8 3.0 0.6250000 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 14 4.3 3.0 0.6976744 1.1 0.1 setosa
## 15 5.8 4.0 0.6896552 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 16 5.7 4.4 0.7719298 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 17 5.4 3.9 0.7222222 1.3 0.4 setosa
## 18 5.1 3.5 0.6862745 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 19 5.7 3.8 0.6666667 1.7 0.3 setosa
## 20 5.1 3.8 0.7450980 1.5 0.3 setosa
## 21 5.4 3.4 0.6296296 1.7 0.2 setosa
## 22 5.1 3.7 0.7254902 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 23 4.6 3.6 0.7826087 1.0 0.2 setosa
## 24 5.1 3.3 0.6470588 1.7 0.5 setosa
## 25 4.8 3.4 0.7083333 1.9 0.2 setosa
## 26 5.0 3.0 0.6000000 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 27 5.0 3.4 0.6800000 1.6 0.4 setosa
## 28 5.2 3.5 0.6730769 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 29 5.2 3.4 0.6538462 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 30 4.7 3.2 0.6808511 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 31 4.8 3.1 0.6458333 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 32 5.4 3.4 0.6296296 1.5 0.4 setosa
## 33 5.2 4.1 0.7884615 1.5 0.1 setosa
## 34 5.5 4.2 0.7636364 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 35 4.9 3.1 0.6326531 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 36 5.0 3.2 0.6400000 1.2 0.2 setosa
## 37 5.5 3.5 0.6363636 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 38 4.9 3.6 0.7346939 1.4 0.1 setosa
## 39 4.4 3.0 0.6818182 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 40 5.1 3.4 0.6666667 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 41 5.0 3.5 0.7000000 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 42 4.5 2.3 0.5111111 1.3 0.3 setosa
## 43 4.4 3.2 0.7272727 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 44 5.0 3.5 0.7000000 1.6 0.6 setosa
## 45 5.1 3.8 0.7450980 1.9 0.4 setosa
## 46 4.8 3.0 0.6250000 1.4 0.3 setosa
## 47 5.1 3.8 0.7450980 1.6 0.2 setosa
## 48 4.6 3.2 0.6956522 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 49 5.3 3.7 0.6981132 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 50 5.0 3.3 0.6600000 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 51 7.0 3.2 0.4571429 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 52 6.4 3.2 0.5000000 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 53 6.9 3.1 0.4492754 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 54 5.5 2.3 0.4181818 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 55 6.5 2.8 0.4307692 4.6 1.5 versicolor
## 56 5.7 2.8 0.4912281 4.5 1.3 versicolor
## 57 6.3 3.3 0.5238095 4.7 1.6 versicolor
## 58 4.9 2.4 0.4897959 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 59 6.6 2.9 0.4393939 4.6 1.3 versicolor
## 60 5.2 2.7 0.5192308 3.9 1.4 versicolor
## 61 5.0 2.0 0.4000000 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 62 5.9 3.0 0.5084746 4.2 1.5 versicolor
## 63 6.0 2.2 0.3666667 4.0 1.0 versicolor
## 64 6.1 2.9 0.4754098 4.7 1.4 versicolor
## 65 5.6 2.9 0.5178571 3.6 1.3 versicolor
## 66 6.7 3.1 0.4626866 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 67 5.6 3.0 0.5357143 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 68 5.8 2.7 0.4655172 4.1 1.0 versicolor
## 69 6.2 2.2 0.3548387 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 70 5.6 2.5 0.4464286 3.9 1.1 versicolor
## 71 5.9 3.2 0.5423729 4.8 1.8 versicolor
## 72 6.1 2.8 0.4590164 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 73 6.3 2.5 0.3968254 4.9 1.5 versicolor
## 74 6.1 2.8 0.4590164 4.7 1.2 versicolor
## 75 6.4 2.9 0.4531250 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 76 6.6 3.0 0.4545455 4.4 1.4 versicolor
## 77 6.8 2.8 0.4117647 4.8 1.4 versicolor
## 78 6.7 3.0 0.4477612 5.0 1.7 versicolor
## 79 6.0 2.9 0.4833333 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 80 5.7 2.6 0.4561404 3.5 1.0 versicolor
## 81 5.5 2.4 0.4363636 3.8 1.1 versicolor
## 82 5.5 2.4 0.4363636 3.7 1.0 versicolor
## 83 5.8 2.7 0.4655172 3.9 1.2 versicolor
## 84 6.0 2.7 0.4500000 5.1 1.6 versicolor
## 85 5.4 3.0 0.5555556 4.5 1.5 versicolor
## 86 6.0 3.4 0.5666667 4.5 1.6 versicolor
## 87 6.7 3.1 0.4626866 4.7 1.5 versicolor
## 88 6.3 2.3 0.3650794 4.4 1.3 versicolor
## 89 5.6 3.0 0.5357143 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 90 5.5 2.5 0.4545455 4.0 1.3 versicolor
## 91 5.5 2.6 0.4727273 4.4 1.2 versicolor
## 92 6.1 3.0 0.4918033 4.6 1.4 versicolor
## 93 5.8 2.6 0.4482759 4.0 1.2 versicolor
## 94 5.0 2.3 0.4600000 3.3 1.0 versicolor
## 95 5.6 2.7 0.4821429 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 96 5.7 3.0 0.5263158 4.2 1.2 versicolor
## 97 5.7 2.9 0.5087719 4.2 1.3 versicolor
## 98 6.2 2.9 0.4677419 4.3 1.3 versicolor
## 99 5.1 2.5 0.4901961 3.0 1.1 versicolor
## 100 5.7 2.8 0.4912281 4.1 1.3 versicolor
## 101 6.3 3.3 0.5238095 6.0 2.5 virginica
## 102 5.8 2.7 0.4655172 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 103 7.1 3.0 0.4225352 5.9 2.1 virginica
## 104 6.3 2.9 0.4603175 5.6 1.8 virginica
## 105 6.5 3.0 0.4615385 5.8 2.2 virginica
## 106 7.6 3.0 0.3947368 6.6 2.1 virginica
## 107 4.9 2.5 0.5102041 4.5 1.7 virginica
## 108 7.3 2.9 0.3972603 6.3 1.8 virginica
## 109 6.7 2.5 0.3731343 5.8 1.8 virginica
## 110 7.2 3.6 0.5000000 6.1 2.5 virginica
## 111 6.5 3.2 0.4923077 5.1 2.0 virginica
## 112 6.4 2.7 0.4218750 5.3 1.9 virginica
## 113 6.8 3.0 0.4411765 5.5 2.1 virginica
## 114 5.7 2.5 0.4385965 5.0 2.0 virginica
## 115 5.8 2.8 0.4827586 5.1 2.4 virginica
## 116 6.4 3.2 0.5000000 5.3 2.3 virginica
## 117 6.5 3.0 0.4615385 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 118 7.7 3.8 0.4935065 6.7 2.2 virginica
## 119 7.7 2.6 0.3376623 6.9 2.3 virginica
## 120 6.0 2.2 0.3666667 5.0 1.5 virginica
## 121 6.9 3.2 0.4637681 5.7 2.3 virginica
## 122 5.6 2.8 0.5000000 4.9 2.0 virginica
## 123 7.7 2.8 0.3636364 6.7 2.0 virginica
## 124 6.3 2.7 0.4285714 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 125 6.7 3.3 0.4925373 5.7 2.1 virginica
## 126 7.2 3.2 0.4444444 6.0 1.8 virginica
## 127 6.2 2.8 0.4516129 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 128 6.1 3.0 0.4918033 4.9 1.8 virginica
## 129 6.4 2.8 0.4375000 5.6 2.1 virginica
## 130 7.2 3.0 0.4166667 5.8 1.6 virginica
## 131 7.4 2.8 0.3783784 6.1 1.9 virginica
## 132 7.9 3.8 0.4810127 6.4 2.0 virginica
## 133 6.4 2.8 0.4375000 5.6 2.2 virginica
## 134 6.3 2.8 0.4444444 5.1 1.5 virginica
## 135 6.1 2.6 0.4262295 5.6 1.4 virginica
## 136 7.7 3.0 0.3896104 6.1 2.3 virginica
## 137 6.3 3.4 0.5396825 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 138 6.4 3.1 0.4843750 5.5 1.8 virginica
## 139 6.0 3.0 0.5000000 4.8 1.8 virginica
## 140 6.9 3.1 0.4492754 5.4 2.1 virginica
## 141 6.7 3.1 0.4626866 5.6 2.4 virginica
## 142 6.9 3.1 0.4492754 5.1 2.3 virginica
## 143 5.8 2.7 0.4655172 5.1 1.9 virginica
## 144 6.8 3.2 0.4705882 5.9 2.3 virginica
## 145 6.7 3.3 0.4925373 5.7 2.5 virginica
## 146 6.7 3.0 0.4477612 5.2 2.3 virginica
## 147 6.3 2.5 0.3968254 5.0 1.9 virginica
## 148 6.5 3.0 0.4615385 5.2 2.0 virginica
## 149 6.2 3.4 0.5483871 5.4 2.3 virginica
## 150 5.9 3.0 0.5084746 5.1 1.8 virginicaCalculate the average ‘Petal.Length’ for the entire dataset.
#iris |>
# group_by(Petal.Length) |>
# summarize(
# avg_length = mean(Petal.Length, na.rm = TRUE)
#i don't think this is what i want
#from R documentation, i found this simple mean function that averages the entire specified col#6. Calculate the avg petal.length for the entire dataset try 2
mean(iris$Petal.Length) #from R tidyverse documentation - takes df then the specified col, returns mean of that col## [1] 3.758^my answer to 6
Group the data by the ‘Species’ variable. Calculate the average ‘Petal.Length’ within each species group.
iris |>
group_by(Species) |> #we are grouping by the unique instances of the species. in this case we have 3
summarize( #to aggregate the data
species_avg = mean(Petal.Length, na.rm = TRUE) #new variable called species avg; takes the petal length of each species and averges it
)## # A tibble: 3 × 2
## Species species_avg
## <fct> <dbl>
## 1 setosa 1.46
## 2 versicolor 4.26
## 3 virginica 5.55Do the following steps in one code block using pipes Subset to include only rows where ‘Petal.Length’ is greater than 3. Next, create a new variable ‘sepal_difference’ by subtracting ‘Sepal.Width’ by ‘Sepal.Length’. Group the data by the ‘Species’ variable. Calculate the average ‘sepal_difference’ within each species group.
iris |> #looking in the iris dataset
filter(Petal.Length > 3) |> #we're only interested in petals with lengths of greater than 3
mutate(sepal_difference = Sepal.Width / Sepal.Length) |> #using mutate to create a new col of sepal difference, calculated above
group_by(Species) |> #now we are looking at the specific unique rows of species within the parameters defined above
summarize( #aggregating the data
avg_sepal_difference = mean(sepal_difference) #calculating the mean of these sepal differnces within the species and the rows that satisfy the function
)## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## Species avg_sepal_difference
## <fct> <dbl>
## 1 versicolor 0.467
## 2 virginica 0.453the above average indicates that the only species that satisfy the petal length > 3 are versicolor and virginica. this omits setosa.