Covariates not included
Covariates included
Covariates included, outliers removed
Significant covariates included
Parcel Number Variable B SE 95% CI t-value p-value R2 F-stat B SE 95% CI t-value p-value R2 F-stat ΔR²: M2vM1 B SE 95% CI t-value p-value R2 F-stat ΔR²: M3vM1 B SE 95% CI t-value p-value R2 F-stat ΔR²: M4vM1
Temporal Parietal Junction
183 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.32 0.21 [-0.73, 0.09] -1.56 0.123 0.03 F (1,81) =2.42 -0.14 0.25 [-0.64, 0.36] -0.56 0.576 0.24 0.22 F (19,57) =0.97 -0.14 0.25 [-0.64, 0.36] -0.56 0.576 0.24 0.22 F (19,57) =0.97 -0.32 0.21 [-0.73, 0.09] -1.56 0.123 0.03 0 F (1,81) =2.42
183 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.27 1.21 [-2.16, 2.70] 0.22 0.824 0.27 1.21 [-2.16, 2.70] 0.22 0.824
183 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.51 0.51 [-1.53, 0.51] -1.00 0.323 -0.51 0.51 [-1.53, 0.51] -1 0.323
183 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.38 0.42 [-1.23, 0.47] -0.89 0.375 -0.38 0.42 [-1.23, 0.47] -0.89 0.375
183 Ethnicity: Other 0.66 0.70 [-0.75, 2.06] 0.94 0.353 0.66 0.7 [-0.75, 2.06] 0.94 0.353
183 Age (winsorized) 0.09 0.09 [-0.09, 0.27] 0.96 0.342 0.09 0.09 [-0.09, 0.27] 0.96 0.342
183 Parent Ed: BA -0.19 0.72 [-1.63, 1.26] -0.26 0.797 -0.19 0.72 [-1.63, 1.26] -0.26 0.797
183 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.46 0.85 [-1.24, 2.17] 0.54 0.588 0.46 0.85 [-1.24, 2.17] 0.54 0.588
183 Parent Ed: HS -0.28 0.84 [-1.96, 1.40] -0.34 0.738 -0.28 0.84 [-1.96, 1.40] -0.34 0.738
183 Parent Ed: no HS -0.11 1.22 [-2.56, 2.33] -0.09 0.927 -0.11 1.22 [-2.56, 2.33] -0.09 0.927
183 Parent Ed: MA -0.08 0.73 [-1.55, 1.39] -0.11 0.911 -0.08 0.73 [-1.55, 1.39] -0.11 0.911
183 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.44 0.99 [-2.43, 1.55] -0.45 0.658 -0.44 0.99 [-2.43, 1.55] -0.45 0.658
183 Parent Ed: csome college -0.41 0.77 [-1.95, 1.13] -0.53 0.596 -0.41 0.77 [-1.95, 1.13] -0.53 0.596
183 Female 0.35 1.12 [-1.91, 2.60] 0.31 0.760 0.35 1.12 [-1.91, 2.60] 0.31 0.760
183 Male 0.34 1.15 [-1.96, 2.64] 0.30 0.768 0.34 1.15 [-1.96, 2.64] 0.3 0.768
183 Transgender 0.66 1.34 [-2.02, 3.34] 0.49 0.623 0.66 1.34 [-2.02, 3.34] 0.49 0.623
183 Baseline Depression -0.02 0.02 [-0.06, 0.01] -1.58 0.119 -0.02 0.02 [-0.06, 0.01] -1.58 0.119
183 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.29 0.16 [-0.61, 0.03] -1.79 0.078. -0.29 0.16 [-0.61, 0.03] -1.79 0.078.
183 Task Engagement (post) 0.37 0.16 [0.04, 0.70] 2.24 0.029* 0.37 0.16 [0.04, 0.70] 2.24 0.029*
148 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.45 0.19 [-0.83, -0.07] -2.35 0.021* 0.06 F (1,81) =5.5 -0.29 0.22 [-0.72, 0.15] -1.31 0.196 0.3 0.24 F (19,57) =1.31 -0.26 0.21 [-0.68, 0.17] -1.22 0.227 0.27 0.2 F (19,56) =1.07 -0.4 0.18 [-0.75, -0.05] -2.27 0.026* 0.16 0.09 F (2,78) =7.27
148 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.05 1.06 [-2.17, 2.07] -0.05 0.962 0.06 1.02 [-1.99, 2.10] 0.06 0.955
148 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.37 0.44 [-1.26, 0.52] -0.84 0.406 -0.17 0.44 [-1.04, 0.71] -0.38 0.702
148 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.27 0.37 [-1.01, 0.47] -0.74 0.461 -0.27 0.36 [-0.98, 0.45] -0.75 0.454
148 Ethnicity: Other 0.40 0.61 [-0.82, 1.62] 0.65 0.518 0.39 0.59 [-0.79, 1.57] 0.66 0.514
148 Age (winsorized) 0.08 0.08 [-0.08, 0.23] 1.00 0.324 0.08 0.08 [-0.07, 0.23] 1.1 0.276
148 Parent Ed: BA -0.18 0.63 [-1.44, 1.07] -0.29 0.771 -0.12 0.61 [-1.33, 1.10] -0.19 0.850
148 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.62 0.74 [-0.86, 2.11] 0.84 0.404 0.68 0.72 [-0.76, 2.11] 0.95 0.347
148 Parent Ed: HS 0.18 0.73 [-1.28, 1.64] 0.25 0.806 0.09 0.71 [-1.33, 1.50] 0.12 0.901
148 Parent Ed: no HS -0.26 1.06 [-2.39, 1.87] -0.24 0.809 -0.27 1.03 [-2.33, 1.78] -0.27 0.792
148 Parent Ed: MA 0.00 0.64 [-1.28, 1.28] 0.00 0.997 0 0.62 [-1.24, 1.24] 0 1.000
148 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.09 0.86 [-1.82, 1.65] -0.10 0.921 -0.03 0.84 [-1.70, 1.65] -0.03 0.974
148 Parent Ed: csome college 0.11 0.67 [-1.23, 1.45] 0.16 0.871 0.08 0.65 [-1.22, 1.38] 0.12 0.901
148 Female -0.07 0.98 [-2.03, 1.89] -0.07 0.944 0.03 0.95 [-1.87, 1.93] 0.03 0.976
148 Male -0.34 1.00 [-2.35, 1.66] -0.34 0.732 -0.19 0.97 [-2.13, 1.76] -0.19 0.849
148 Transgender 0.26 1.16 [-2.08, 2.59] 0.22 0.827 0.36 1.13 [-1.90, 2.61] 0.32 0.751
148 Baseline Depression -0.04 0.01 [-0.07, -0.01] -2.86 0.006** -0.03 0.01 [-0.06, -0.01] -2.48 0.016* -0.03 0.01 [-0.05, -0.01] -3.05 0.003**
148 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.14 0.14 [-0.42, 0.14] -0.98 0.331 -0.15 0.14 [-0.42, 0.13] -1.08 0.285
148 Task Engagement (post) 0.17 0.14 [-0.12, 0.45] 1.16 0.253 0.17 0.14 [-0.11, 0.44] 1.2 0.234
136 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.68 0.22 [-1.12, -0.25] -3.1 0.003** 0.11 F (1,81) =9.64 -0.55 0.26 [-1.06, -0.04] -2.15 0.036* 0.3 0.19 F (19,57) =1.29 -0.39 0.21 [-0.82, 0.04] -1.82 0.074. 0.24 0.14 F (19,53) =0.89 -0.68 0.22 [-1.12, -0.25] -3.1 0.003** 0.11 0 F (1,81) =9.64
136 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.68 1.23 [-1.79, 3.15] 0.56 0.581 0.87 1.03 [-1.19, 2.93] 0.85 0.402
136 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.29 0.52 [-1.32, 0.75] -0.55 0.583 0.09 0.44 [-0.79, 0.98] 0.21 0.831
136 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.03 0.43 [-0.83, 0.90] 0.07 0.940 0.18 0.36 [-0.54, 0.91] 0.51 0.614
136 Ethnicity: Other 0.43 0.71 [-0.99, 1.85] 0.60 0.549 0.5 0.59 [-0.69, 1.69] 0.85 0.402
136 Age (winsorized) 0.03 0.09 [-0.15, 0.21] 0.31 0.757 -0.01 0.08 [-0.16, 0.14] -0.13 0.898
136 Parent Ed: BA 0.43 0.73 [-1.04, 1.90] 0.59 0.559 0.68 0.61 [-0.55, 1.91] 1.11 0.274
136 Parent Ed: doctoral 1.45 0.87 [-0.28, 3.18] 1.67 0.099. 1.34 0.72 [-0.11, 2.79] 1.85 0.069.
136 Parent Ed: HS 0.76 0.85 [-0.94, 2.47] 0.89 0.375 0.61 0.71 [-0.81, 2.04] 0.87 0.391
136 Parent Ed: no HS 1.29 1.24 [-1.19, 3.78] 1.04 0.301 1.17 1.03 [-0.90, 3.24] 1.13 0.263
136 Parent Ed: MA 0.68 0.75 [-0.81, 2.18] 0.91 0.366 0.59 0.62 [-0.65, 1.84] 0.95 0.345
136 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.64 1.01 [-1.38, 2.66] 0.63 0.530 0.78 0.84 [-0.90, 2.47] 0.93 0.356
136 Parent Ed: csome college 1.06 0.78 [-0.51, 2.62] 1.35 0.182 0.94 0.65 [-0.36, 2.25] 1.45 0.153
136 Female 0.13 1.14 [-2.16, 2.42] 0.11 0.912 0.14 0.95 [-1.77, 2.05] 0.15 0.882
136 Male 0.01 1.17 [-2.33, 2.35] 0.01 0.993 0.05 0.98 [-1.91, 2.00] 0.05 0.963
136 Transgender -0.20 1.36 [-2.92, 2.52] -0.15 0.883 -0.25 1.13 [-2.52, 2.02] -0.22 0.825
136 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.06, -0.00] -2.06 0.044* -0.02 0.01 [-0.05, 0.00] -1.73 0.090.
136 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.01 0.16 [-0.34, 0.31] -0.08 0.934 0.03 0.14 [-0.25, 0.30] 0.18 0.856
136 Task Engagement (post) 0.10 0.17 [-0.24, 0.43] 0.58 0.567 0.01 0.14 [-0.27, 0.30] 0.09 0.926
78 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.29 0.25 [-0.80, 0.21] -1.15 0.254 0.02 F (1,81) =1.32 -0.31 0.30 [-0.92, 0.30] -1.01 0.316 0.25 0.24 F (19,57) =1.02 -0.25 0.27 [-0.79, 0.30] -0.91 0.369 0.24 0.22 F (19,56) =0.92 -0.3 0.26 [-0.81, 0.21] -1.16 0.248 0.09 0.07 F (4,76) =1.77
78 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 1.10 1.47 [-1.85, 4.05] 0.75 0.457 1.35 1.31 [-1.27, 3.97] 1.03 0.305
78 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.66 0.62 [-1.89, 0.58] -1.07 0.291 -0.19 0.56 [-1.31, 0.93] -0.34 0.733
78 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.14 0.52 [-1.17, 0.89] -0.27 0.790 -0.13 0.46 [-1.04, 0.79] -0.28 0.784
78 Ethnicity: Other 0.03 0.85 [-1.67, 1.73] 0.04 0.970 0.01 0.75 [-1.50, 1.52] 0.01 0.990
78 Age (winsorized) -0.06 0.11 [-0.28, 0.16] -0.53 0.599 -0.05 0.1 [-0.24, 0.15] -0.47 0.641
78 Parent Ed: BA 0.41 0.88 [-1.34, 2.17] 0.47 0.640 0.57 0.78 [-0.99, 2.13] 0.73 0.467
78 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.80 1.03 [-1.27, 2.87] 0.77 0.443 0.93 0.92 [-0.91, 2.77] 1.01 0.315
78 Parent Ed: HS 0.42 1.02 [-1.62, 2.46] 0.41 0.682 0.21 0.9 [-1.60, 2.02] 0.23 0.820
78 Parent Ed: no HS 0.49 1.48 [-2.48, 3.45] 0.33 0.743 0.46 1.31 [-2.17, 3.09] 0.35 0.729
78 Parent Ed: MA 0.70 0.89 [-1.09, 2.48] 0.78 0.438 0.69 0.79 [-0.89, 2.28] 0.87 0.387
78 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.35 1.21 [-2.06, 2.77] 0.29 0.771 0.49 1.07 [-1.65, 2.63] 0.46 0.650
78 Parent Ed: csome college 0.58 0.93 [-1.29, 2.45] 0.62 0.537 0.51 0.83 [-1.15, 2.17] 0.62 0.538
78 Female -2.28 1.37 [-5.02, 0.45] -1.67 0.100. -2.06 1.21 [-4.49, 0.37] -1.7 0.095. -2.64 1.14 [-4.90, -0.37] -2.32 0.023*
78 Male -2.43 1.40 [-5.22, 0.37] -1.74 0.087. -2.06 1.24 [-4.55, 0.42] -1.66 0.102 -2.8 1.15 [-5.08, -0.52] -2.44 0.017*
78 Transgender -2.48 1.62 [-5.73, 0.77] -1.53 0.132 -2.24 1.44 [-5.13, 0.65] -1.55 0.126 -2.62 1.39 [-5.39, 0.16] -1.88 0.064.
78 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.06, 0.01] -1.35 0.183 -0.01 0.02 [-0.05, 0.02] -0.73 0.471
78 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.37 0.20 [-0.76, 0.02] -1.89 0.064. -0.39 0.17 [-0.74, -0.04] -2.25 0.028*
78 Task Engagement (post) 0.40 0.20 [-0.00, 0.80] 1.99 0.051. 0.4 0.18 [0.05, 0.76] 2.26 0.028*
182 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.41 0.21 [-0.83, 0.01] -1.92 0.058. 0.04 F (1,81) =3.69 -0.19 0.26 [-0.70, 0.32] -0.74 0.463 0.25 0.21 F (19,57) =1.01 -0.19 0.23 [-0.64, 0.27] -0.82 0.417 0.29 0.25 F (19,55) =1.21 -0.3 0.22 [-0.74, 0.14] -1.36 0.177 0.09 0.05 F (2,75) =3.9
182 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.64 1.24 [-3.12, 1.83] -0.52 0.605 -0.88 1.09 [-3.07, 1.30] -0.81 0.422
182 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.44 0.52 [-1.48, 0.60] -0.85 0.400 -0.66 0.46 [-1.59, 0.27] -1.43 0.159
182 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.21 0.43 [-1.08, 0.65] -0.49 0.623 -0.22 0.38 [-0.98, 0.54] -0.58 0.564
182 Ethnicity: Other 0.06 0.71 [-1.36, 1.49] 0.09 0.929 0.13 0.63 [-1.13, 1.38] 0.2 0.843
182 Age (winsorized) 0.02 0.09 [-0.17, 0.20] 0.17 0.862 -0.02 0.08 [-0.18, 0.14] -0.26 0.797
182 Parent Ed: BA 0.53 0.73 [-0.94, 2.00] 0.73 0.471 0.41 0.65 [-0.88, 1.71] 0.63 0.528
182 Parent Ed: doctoral 1.13 0.87 [-0.61, 2.86] 1.30 0.199 1.05 0.76 [-0.48, 2.57] 1.38 0.174
182 Parent Ed: HS 0.59 0.85 [-1.11, 2.30] 0.70 0.489 0.68 0.75 [-0.83, 2.19] 0.91 0.368
182 Parent Ed: no HS -0.23 1.24 [-2.72, 2.26] -0.19 0.854 -0.18 1.09 [-2.36, 2.01] -0.16 0.870
182 Parent Ed: MA 0.17 0.75 [-1.33, 1.67] 0.23 0.819 0.14 0.66 [-1.18, 1.45] 0.21 0.836
182 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.07 1.01 [-2.09, 1.96] -0.07 0.946 -0.08 0.89 [-1.86, 1.70] -0.09 0.926
182 Parent Ed: csome college 0.58 0.78 [-0.99, 2.15] 0.74 0.461 0.34 0.69 [-1.04, 1.73] 0.49 0.623
182 Female 0.56 1.15 [-1.73, 2.85] 0.49 0.627 0.39 1.01 [-1.63, 2.41] 0.39 0.699
182 Male 0.79 1.17 [-1.55, 3.14] 0.68 0.500 0.73 1.03 [-1.33, 2.79] 0.71 0.478
182 Transgender 0.62 1.36 [-2.10, 3.35] 0.46 0.649 0.54 1.2 [-1.86, 2.94] 0.45 0.653
182 Baseline Depression -0.02 0.02 [-0.05, 0.01] -1.46 0.151 -0.02 0.01 [-0.05, 0.01] -1.59 0.117
182 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.24 0.16 [-0.57, 0.09] -1.46 0.151 -0.19 0.15 [-0.48, 0.10] -1.29 0.203
182 Task Engagement (post) 0.40 0.17 [0.06, 0.74] 2.38 0.021* 0.33 0.15 [0.04, 0.63] 2.24 0.029* 0.14 0.06 [0.01, 0.26] 2.15 0.035*
81 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.23 0.24 [-0.71, 0.25] -0.95 0.343 0.01 F (1,81) =0.91 -0.08 0.28 [-0.64, 0.48] -0.28 0.777 0.28 0.27 F (19,57) =1.19 -0.04 0.26 [-0.56, 0.49] -0.14 0.890 0.27 0.26 F (19,56) =1.08 -0.24 0.24 [-0.73, 0.24] -1.01 0.313 0.06 0.05 F (4,76) =1.21
81 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.28 1.35 [-2.98, 2.41] -0.21 0.835 -0.11 1.27 [-2.66, 2.43] -0.09 0.930
81 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.43 0.56 [-1.56, 0.70] -0.76 0.451 -0.11 0.54 [-1.20, 0.98] -0.21 0.838
81 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.04 0.47 [-0.98, 0.90] -0.08 0.934 -0.03 0.44 [-0.92, 0.86] -0.07 0.945
81 Ethnicity: Other 1.11 0.78 [-0.45, 2.66] 1.43 0.159 1.09 0.73 [-0.37, 2.56] 1.49 0.142
81 Age (winsorized) -0.06 0.10 [-0.26, 0.14] -0.62 0.535 -0.05 0.09 [-0.24, 0.13] -0.57 0.570
81 Parent Ed: BA -0.09 0.80 [-1.70, 1.51] -0.12 0.906 0.01 0.76 [-1.50, 1.53] 0.02 0.987
81 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.43 0.94 [-1.47, 2.32] 0.45 0.654 0.51 0.89 [-1.27, 2.30] 0.58 0.567
81 Parent Ed: HS 0.56 0.93 [-1.30, 2.42] 0.60 0.548 0.42 0.88 [-1.34, 2.18] 0.48 0.636
81 Parent Ed: no HS -0.62 1.35 [-3.33, 2.09] -0.46 0.650 -0.64 1.28 [-3.20, 1.92] -0.5 0.618
81 Parent Ed: MA 0.17 0.82 [-1.47, 1.80] 0.21 0.838 0.16 0.77 [-1.38, 1.70] 0.21 0.833
81 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.64 1.10 [-1.57, 2.84] 0.58 0.565 0.73 1.04 [-1.35, 2.81] 0.7 0.486
81 Parent Ed: csome college -0.35 0.85 [-2.06, 1.36] -0.41 0.686 -0.39 0.81 [-2.01, 1.22] -0.49 0.628
81 Female -1.68 1.25 [-4.18, 0.82] -1.35 0.183 -1.53 1.18 [-3.89, 0.83] -1.3 0.200 -2.03 1.07 [-4.17, 0.11] -1.89 0.062.
81 Male -1.79 1.27 [-4.34, 0.76] -1.41 0.165 -1.54 1.21 [-3.96, 0.87] -1.28 0.206 -2.07 1.08 [-4.22, 0.09] -1.91 0.060.
81 Transgender -2.30 1.48 [-5.27, 0.67] -1.55 0.126 -2.14 1.4 [-4.95, 0.66] -1.53 0.132 -2.65 1.32 [-5.28, -0.03] -2.02 0.047*
81 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.06, 0.00] -1.75 0.085. -0.02 0.02 [-0.05, 0.01] -1.29 0.203
81 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.22 0.18 [-0.58, 0.14] -1.24 0.219 -0.24 0.17 [-0.57, 0.10] -1.4 0.167
81 Task Engagement (post) 0.25 0.18 [-0.12, 0.61] 1.35 0.181 0.25 0.17 [-0.10, 0.59] 1.44 0.154
Posterior Precuneus
199 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.14 0.25 [-0.64, 0.36] -0.56 0.580 0 F (1,81) =0.31 -0.12 0.31 [-0.75, 0.51] -0.37 0.711 0.18 0.18 F (19,57) =0.67 -0.06 0.29 [-0.64, 0.52] -0.21 0.835 0.21 0.2 F (19,56) =0.77 -0.1 0.25 [-0.59, 0.39] -0.41 0.685 0.05 0.05 F (2,78) =2.11
199 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.67 1.52 [-2.37, 3.71] 0.44 0.660 0.9 1.39 [-1.90, 3.69] 0.64 0.523
199 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.08 0.64 [-1.19, 1.36] 0.13 0.894 0.5 0.6 [-0.69, 1.70] 0.85 0.401
199 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.42 0.53 [-0.64, 1.49] 0.80 0.428 0.44 0.49 [-0.54, 1.41] 0.89 0.375
199 Ethnicity: Other 0.63 0.88 [-1.12, 2.38] 0.72 0.475 0.61 0.8 [-1.00, 2.22] 0.76 0.452
199 Age (winsorized) -0.11 0.11 [-0.34, 0.11] -1.02 0.314 -0.1 0.1 [-0.31, 0.10] -1 0.321
199 Parent Ed: BA 0.00 0.90 [-1.81, 1.81] 0.00 0.999 0.14 0.83 [-1.52, 1.80] 0.17 0.864
199 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.32 1.07 [-1.81, 2.45] 0.30 0.766 0.43 0.98 [-1.52, 2.39] 0.44 0.658
199 Parent Ed: HS -0.14 1.05 [-2.24, 1.96] -0.14 0.893 -0.33 0.96 [-2.26, 1.60] -0.35 0.731
199 Parent Ed: no HS -0.03 1.53 [-3.09, 3.02] -0.02 0.982 -0.06 1.4 [-2.87, 2.74] -0.04 0.965
199 Parent Ed: MA -0.24 0.92 [-2.08, 1.60] -0.26 0.795 -0.25 0.84 [-1.93, 1.44] -0.29 0.771
199 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.17 1.24 [-2.66, 2.31] -0.14 0.890 -0.05 1.14 [-2.33, 2.23] -0.05 0.964
199 Parent Ed: csome college -0.19 0.96 [-2.12, 1.74] -0.20 0.844 -0.25 0.88 [-2.02, 1.52] -0.28 0.778
199 Female 0.01 1.41 [-2.81, 2.82] 0.00 0.997 0.21 1.29 [-2.38, 2.79] 0.16 0.873
199 Male 0.37 1.44 [-2.51, 3.25] 0.26 0.798 0.7 1.32 [-1.95, 3.34] 0.53 0.600
199 Transgender 0.97 1.67 [-2.38, 4.32] 0.58 0.566 1.18 1.54 [-1.89, 4.26] 0.77 0.445
199 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.07, 0.01] -1.41 0.164 -0.02 0.02 [-0.05, 0.02] -0.86 0.392 -0.03 0.02 [-0.06, -0.00] -2.01 0.048*
199 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.18 0.20 [-0.58, 0.22] -0.90 0.373 -0.2 0.18 [-0.57, 0.17] -1.08 0.286
199 Task Engagement (post) 0.29 0.21 [-0.13, 0.70] 1.39 0.169 0.29 0.19 [-0.09, 0.67] 1.53 0.132
97 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.19 0.28 [-0.74, 0.36] -0.69 0.489 0.01 F (1,81) =0.48 -0.25 0.34 [-0.94, 0.43] -0.73 0.467 0.18 0.18 F (19,57) =0.68 -0.25 0.34 [-0.94, 0.43] -0.73 0.467 0.18 0.18 F (19,57) =0.68 -0.19 0.28 [-0.74, 0.36] -0.69 0.489 0.01 0 F (1,81) =0.48
97 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 1.26 1.65 [-2.05, 4.57] 0.76 0.449 1.26 1.65 [-2.05, 4.57] 0.76 0.449
97 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.49 0.69 [-0.90, 1.88] 0.70 0.484 0.49 0.69 [-0.90, 1.88] 0.7 0.484
97 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.73 0.58 [-0.42, 1.89] 1.27 0.209 0.73 0.58 [-0.42, 1.89] 1.27 0.209
97 Ethnicity: Other 0.72 0.95 [-1.19, 2.63] 0.75 0.455 0.72 0.95 [-1.19, 2.63] 0.75 0.455
97 Age (winsorized) -0.15 0.12 [-0.39, 0.10] -1.21 0.233 -0.15 0.12 [-0.39, 0.10] -1.21 0.233
97 Parent Ed: BA 0.14 0.98 [-1.83, 2.11] 0.15 0.885 0.14 0.98 [-1.83, 2.11] 0.15 0.885
97 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.25 1.16 [-2.07, 2.57] 0.22 0.830 0.25 1.16 [-2.07, 2.57] 0.22 0.830
97 Parent Ed: HS -0.48 1.14 [-2.77, 1.80] -0.42 0.673 -0.48 1.14 [-2.77, 1.80] -0.42 0.673
97 Parent Ed: no HS -0.92 1.66 [-4.25, 2.41] -0.55 0.583 -0.92 1.66 [-4.25, 2.41] -0.55 0.583
97 Parent Ed: MA -0.59 1.00 [-2.59, 1.42] -0.59 0.560 -0.59 1 [-2.59, 1.42] -0.59 0.560
97 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.44 1.35 [-2.27, 3.15] 0.32 0.747 0.44 1.35 [-2.27, 3.15] 0.32 0.747
97 Parent Ed: csome college -0.27 1.05 [-2.37, 1.83] -0.26 0.798 -0.27 1.05 [-2.37, 1.83] -0.26 0.798
97 Female 0.40 1.53 [-2.67, 3.47] 0.26 0.797 0.4 1.53 [-2.67, 3.47] 0.26 0.797
97 Male 0.82 1.57 [-2.32, 3.95] 0.52 0.604 0.82 1.57 [-2.32, 3.95] 0.52 0.604
97 Transgender 1.15 1.82 [-2.50, 4.80] 0.63 0.532 1.15 1.82 [-2.50, 4.80] 0.63 0.532
97 Baseline Depression 0.00 0.02 [-0.04, 0.04] -0.03 0.972 0 0.02 [-0.04, 0.04] -0.03 0.972
97 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.19 0.22 [-0.63, 0.25] -0.86 0.391 -0.19 0.22 [-0.63, 0.25] -0.86 0.391
97 Task Engagement (post) 0.29 0.22 [-0.16, 0.74] 1.31 0.196 0.29 0.22 [-0.16, 0.74] 1.31 0.196
177 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.13 0.29 [-0.70, 0.45] -0.44 0.659 0 F (1,81) =0.2 -0.31 0.36 [-1.03, 0.41] -0.86 0.391 0.19 0.19 F (19,57) =0.72 -0.71 0.33 [-1.37, -0.06] -2.18 0.033* 0.21 0.21 F (19,54) =0.76 -0.13 0.29 [-0.70, 0.45] -0.44 0.659 0 0 F (1,81) =0.2
177 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.28 1.74 [-3.20, 3.76] 0.16 0.873 1.63 1.56 [-1.50, 4.76] 1.05 0.300
177 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.70 0.73 [-0.76, 2.16] 0.96 0.339 0.84 0.64 [-0.43, 2.12] 1.32 0.192
177 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.76 0.61 [-0.45, 1.98] 1.26 0.214 0.68 0.54 [-0.39, 1.76] 1.28 0.207
177 Ethnicity: Other 1.00 1.00 [-1.00, 3.01] 1.00 0.320 1 0.88 [-0.75, 2.76] 1.14 0.258
177 Age (winsorized) -0.03 0.13 [-0.29, 0.23] -0.24 0.808 -0.03 0.11 [-0.26, 0.19] -0.31 0.761
177 Parent Ed: BA 0.94 1.03 [-1.13, 3.01] 0.91 0.369 0.93 0.91 [-0.89, 2.75] 1.03 0.310
177 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.93 1.22 [-1.52, 3.37] 0.76 0.450 0.81 1.07 [-1.33, 2.95] 0.76 0.449
177 Parent Ed: HS 0.95 1.20 [-1.46, 3.35] 0.79 0.433 -0.14 1.1 [-2.35, 2.08] -0.12 0.901
177 Parent Ed: no HS 2.48 1.75 [-1.02, 5.98] 1.42 0.162 2.44 1.53 [-0.62, 5.50] 1.6 0.116
177 Parent Ed: MA 0.31 1.05 [-1.80, 2.42] 0.30 0.768 0.27 0.92 [-1.58, 2.11] 0.29 0.772
177 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.02 1.42 [-2.83, 2.87] 0.01 0.989 0.22 1.25 [-2.28, 2.72] 0.18 0.862
177 Parent Ed: csome college 0.07 1.10 [-2.13, 2.28] 0.07 0.947 0.33 0.97 [-1.62, 2.29] 0.34 0.734
177 Female -0.84 1.61 [-4.07, 2.39] -0.52 0.604 -1.04 1.41 [-3.87, 1.79] -0.74 0.464
177 Male -0.50 1.65 [-3.80, 2.79] -0.31 0.761 -0.85 1.45 [-3.75, 2.05] -0.59 0.559
177 Transgender -0.80 1.92 [-4.64, 3.04] -0.42 0.678 -1.24 1.68 [-4.60, 2.13] -0.74 0.465
177 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.08, 0.01] -1.42 0.161 -0.01 0.02 [-0.05, 0.04] -0.29 0.775
177 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.06 0.23 [-0.52, 0.40] -0.25 0.800 0.09 0.21 [-0.33, 0.50] 0.42 0.676
177 Task Engagement (post) 0.03 0.24 [-0.44, 0.50] 0.13 0.896 -0.08 0.21 [-0.50, 0.34] -0.4 0.694
82 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.22 0.23 [-0.67, 0.24] -0.95 0.343 0.01 F (1,81) =0.91 -0.19 0.27 [-0.73, 0.35] -0.70 0.486 0.24 0.22 F (19,57) =0.93 -0.19 0.27 [-0.73, 0.35] -0.7 0.486 0.24 0.22 F (19,57) =0.93 -0.22 0.23 [-0.67, 0.24] -0.95 0.343 0.01 0 F (1,81) =0.91
82 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.90 1.30 [-3.51, 1.71] -0.69 0.492 -0.9 1.3 [-3.51, 1.71] -0.69 0.492
82 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.49 0.55 [-0.60, 1.58] 0.90 0.375 0.49 0.55 [-0.60, 1.58] 0.9 0.375
82 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.45 0.46 [-0.46, 1.36] 0.98 0.329 0.45 0.46 [-0.46, 1.36] 0.98 0.329
82 Ethnicity: Other 0.97 0.75 [-0.54, 2.47] 1.28 0.204 0.97 0.75 [-0.54, 2.47] 1.28 0.204
82 Age (winsorized) -0.01 0.10 [-0.21, 0.18] -0.14 0.891 -0.01 0.1 [-0.21, 0.18] -0.14 0.891
82 Parent Ed: BA 0.56 0.78 [-0.99, 2.11] 0.72 0.474 0.56 0.78 [-0.99, 2.11] 0.72 0.474
82 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.95 0.91 [-0.88, 2.79] 1.04 0.301 0.95 0.91 [-0.88, 2.79] 1.04 0.301
82 Parent Ed: HS 0.91 0.90 [-0.89, 2.71] 1.01 0.316 0.91 0.9 [-0.89, 2.71] 1.01 0.316
82 Parent Ed: no HS -0.96 1.31 [-3.59, 1.66] -0.74 0.465 -0.96 1.31 [-3.59, 1.66] -0.74 0.465
82 Parent Ed: MA 0.43 0.79 [-1.15, 2.01] 0.54 0.590 0.43 0.79 [-1.15, 2.01] 0.54 0.590
82 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.86 1.07 [-1.28, 3.00] 0.81 0.424 0.86 1.07 [-1.28, 3.00] 0.81 0.424
82 Parent Ed: csome college 0.74 0.83 [-0.91, 2.40] 0.90 0.372 0.74 0.83 [-0.91, 2.40] 0.9 0.372
82 Female -1.51 1.21 [-3.93, 0.91] -1.25 0.215 -1.51 1.21 [-3.93, 0.91] -1.25 0.215
82 Male -0.91 1.23 [-3.38, 1.56] -0.74 0.462 -0.91 1.23 [-3.38, 1.56] -0.74 0.462
82 Transgender -1.89 1.44 [-4.76, 0.99] -1.31 0.195 -1.89 1.44 [-4.76, 0.99] -1.31 0.195
82 Baseline Depression -0.02 0.02 [-0.05, 0.01] -1.29 0.203 -0.02 0.02 [-0.05, 0.01] -1.29 0.203
82 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.02 0.17 [-0.37, 0.33] -0.12 0.909 -0.02 0.17 [-0.37, 0.33] -0.12 0.909
82 Task Engagement (post) 0.08 0.18 [-0.28, 0.43] 0.43 0.671 0.08 0.18 [-0.28, 0.43] 0.43 0.671
113 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.68 0.28 [-1.24, -0.11] -2.38 0.020* 0.07 F (1,81) =5.66 -0.69 0.34 [-1.38, -0.01] -2.03 0.048* 0.3 0.23 F (19,57) =1.26 -0.68 0.32 [-1.32, -0.04] -2.12 0.039* 0.31 0.25 F (19,56) =1.35 -0.66 0.28 [-1.22, -0.10] -2.33 0.022* 0.19 0.12 F (5,75) =3.46
113 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.84 1.65 [-2.47, 4.15] 0.51 0.613 0.87 1.55 [-2.23, 3.98] 0.56 0.575
113 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.66 0.69 [-0.73, 2.05] 0.95 0.344 0.76 0.65 [-0.54, 2.06] 1.17 0.248
113 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.30 0.58 [-0.85, 1.46] 0.52 0.603 0.44 0.54 [-0.65, 1.53] 0.81 0.419
113 Ethnicity: Other 1.02 0.95 [-0.89, 2.92] 1.07 0.290 0.97 0.89 [-0.82, 2.76] 1.08 0.284
113 Age (winsorized) 0.16 0.12 [-0.08, 0.41] 1.33 0.187 0.11 0.12 [-0.12, 0.34] 0.95 0.346
113 Parent Ed: BA 0.30 0.98 [-1.67, 2.27] 0.30 0.762 0.33 0.92 [-1.52, 2.17] 0.36 0.724
113 Parent Ed: doctoral 1.16 1.16 [-1.16, 3.48] 1.00 0.323 1.03 1.09 [-1.15, 3.21] 0.95 0.347
113 Parent Ed: HS -0.03 1.14 [-2.32, 2.25] -0.03 0.977 -0.07 1.07 [-2.21, 2.08] -0.06 0.950
113 Parent Ed: no HS 1.84 1.66 [-1.48, 5.16] 1.11 0.272 1.93 1.56 [-1.19, 5.05] 1.24 0.221
113 Parent Ed: MA 0.07 1.00 [-1.94, 2.07] 0.07 0.948 -0.03 0.94 [-1.91, 1.85] -0.04 0.972
113 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.48 1.35 [-2.22, 3.19] 0.36 0.722 0.52 1.27 [-2.02, 3.06] 0.41 0.686
113 Parent Ed: csome college -0.26 1.05 [-2.36, 1.84] -0.25 0.806 -0.29 0.98 [-2.26, 1.67] -0.3 0.767
113 Female -1.74 1.53 [-4.80, 1.33] -1.14 0.261 -1.87 1.44 [-4.75, 1.01] -1.3 0.198 -3.07 1.26 [-5.58, -0.56] -2.43 0.017*
113 Male -2.03 1.56 [-5.16, 1.10] -1.30 0.199 -2.04 1.47 [-4.98, 0.90] -1.39 0.170 -3.31 1.28 [-5.86, -0.77] -2.6 0.011*
113 Transgender -1.39 1.82 [-5.03, 2.25] -0.76 0.448 -1.53 1.71 [-4.95, 1.89] -0.9 0.373 -2.74 1.54 [-5.81, 0.32] -1.78 0.079.
113 Baseline Depression -0.04 0.02 [-0.09, -0.00] -2.07 0.043* -0.04 0.02 [-0.08, -0.01] -2.27 0.027* -0.05 0.02 [-0.08, -0.01] -2.64 0.010*
113 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.16 0.22 [-0.60, 0.28] -0.74 0.462 -0.19 0.21 [-0.60, 0.23] -0.9 0.372
113 Task Engagement (post) 0.17 0.22 [-0.28, 0.62] 0.74 0.461 0.12 0.21 [-0.30, 0.54] 0.58 0.567
198 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.46 0.27 [-1.00, 0.08] -1.7 0.093. 0.03 F (1,81) =2.9 -0.50 0.36 [-1.22, 0.21] -1.41 0.164 0.15 0.12 F (19,57) =0.54 -0.29 0.3 [-0.90, 0.32] -0.96 0.342 0.16 0.13 F (19,54) =0.55 -0.46 0.27 [-1.00, 0.08] -1.7 0.093. 0.03 0 F (1,81) =2.9
198 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 1.35 1.72 [-2.10, 4.80] 0.78 0.437 1.55 1.44 [-1.34, 4.45] 1.08 0.287
198 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.16 0.72 [-1.28, 1.61] 0.23 0.822 0.39 0.64 [-0.89, 1.68] 0.62 0.540
198 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.38 0.60 [-0.83, 1.59] 0.63 0.531 0.4 0.51 [-0.61, 1.41] 0.79 0.430
198 Ethnicity: Other 0.31 0.99 [-1.68, 2.30] 0.31 0.757 0.37 0.83 [-1.30, 2.04] 0.44 0.659
198 Age (winsorized) -0.08 0.13 [-0.33, 0.18] -0.60 0.551 -0.1 0.11 [-0.32, 0.11] -0.95 0.346
198 Parent Ed: BA 0.18 1.02 [-1.87, 2.23] 0.18 0.859 0.3 0.86 [-1.43, 2.02] 0.34 0.732
198 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.67 1.21 [-1.75, 3.09] 0.56 0.580 0.57 1.01 [-1.46, 2.60] 0.56 0.577
198 Parent Ed: HS -0.01 1.19 [-2.39, 2.37] -0.01 0.994 -0.2 1 [-2.20, 1.80] -0.2 0.839
198 Parent Ed: no HS 1.26 1.73 [-2.21, 4.72] 0.72 0.472 1 1.45 [-1.91, 3.91] 0.69 0.493
198 Parent Ed: MA -0.10 1.04 [-2.19, 1.99] -0.10 0.922 -0.2 0.87 [-1.95, 1.55] -0.22 0.823
198 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.10 1.41 [-2.73, 2.92] 0.07 0.946 0.27 1.18 [-2.10, 2.63] 0.23 0.823
198 Parent Ed: csome college 0.03 1.09 [-2.16, 2.21] 0.02 0.982 -0.14 0.91 [-1.97, 1.69] -0.16 0.877
198 Female -0.64 1.60 [-3.84, 2.55] -0.40 0.689 -0.47 1.34 [-3.15, 2.21] -0.35 0.727
198 Male -0.57 1.63 [-3.84, 2.69] -0.35 0.727 -0.47 1.37 [-3.22, 2.28] -0.34 0.734
198 Transgender 0.56 1.90 [-3.24, 4.36] 0.29 0.770 0.73 1.59 [-2.46, 3.91] 0.46 0.650
198 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.07, 0.02] -1.25 0.217 -0.01 0.02 [-0.05, 0.03] -0.49 0.627
198 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.05 0.23 [-0.51, 0.41] -0.21 0.833 -0.01 0.19 [-0.40, 0.37] -0.07 0.945
198 Task Engagement (post) 0.08 0.23 [-0.39, 0.54] 0.32 0.749 -0.01 0.2 [-0.41, 0.39] -0.05 0.962
71 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.45 0.32 [-1.09, 0.19] -1.4 0.166 0.02 F (1,81) =1.95 -0.49 0.41 [-1.30, 0.33] -1.20 0.237 0.18 0.16 F (19,57) =0.66 -0.77 0.38 [-1.52, -0.01] -2.04 0.046* 0.2 0.18 F (19,55) =0.72 -0.45 0.32 [-1.09, 0.19] -1.4 0.166 0.02 0 F (1,81) =1.95
71 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.44 1.96 [-4.36, 3.49] -0.22 0.824 0.2 1.8 [-3.40, 3.80] 0.11 0.914
71 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 1.10 0.82 [-0.55, 2.74] 1.34 0.186 1.14 0.75 [-0.35, 2.64] 1.53 0.132
71 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.53 0.69 [-0.84, 1.91] 0.78 0.439 0.59 0.62 [-0.66, 1.85] 0.95 0.346
71 Ethnicity: Other 1.03 1.13 [-1.23, 3.29] 0.91 0.366 0.91 1.03 [-1.15, 2.97] 0.88 0.382
71 Age (winsorized) 0.03 0.14 [-0.26, 0.32] 0.20 0.843 0 0.13 [-0.26, 0.26] 0 0.999
71 Parent Ed: BA 1.40 1.17 [-0.93, 3.74] 1.20 0.234 1.31 1.06 [-0.82, 3.44] 1.23 0.222
71 Parent Ed: doctoral 1.64 1.38 [-1.11, 4.40] 1.19 0.237 1.61 1.25 [-0.90, 4.12] 1.29 0.204
71 Parent Ed: HS 1.00 1.35 [-1.71, 3.71] 0.74 0.462 0.76 1.23 [-1.71, 3.23] 0.62 0.539
71 Parent Ed: no HS 1.56 1.97 [-2.39, 5.50] 0.79 0.433 1.81 1.79 [-1.78, 5.41] 1.01 0.316
71 Parent Ed: MA 0.73 1.19 [-1.65, 3.10] 0.61 0.544 0.85 1.08 [-1.32, 3.02] 0.78 0.437
71 Parent Ed: JD/MD 1.18 1.60 [-2.03, 4.40] 0.74 0.464 1.34 1.46 [-1.58, 4.27] 0.92 0.362
71 Parent Ed: csome college 0.59 1.24 [-1.90, 3.08] 0.47 0.638 0.5 1.13 [-1.77, 2.77] 0.44 0.660
71 Female -1.10 1.82 [-4.74, 2.54] -0.61 0.546 -1.03 1.65 [-4.34, 2.29] -0.62 0.536
71 Male -0.92 1.86 [-4.64, 2.80] -0.50 0.622 -0.81 1.69 [-4.20, 2.57] -0.48 0.632
71 Transgender -0.82 2.16 [-5.15, 3.50] -0.38 0.704 -1.05 1.97 [-4.99, 2.89] -0.53 0.597
71 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.08, 0.02] -1.37 0.177 -0.02 0.02 [-0.07, 0.03] -0.82 0.417
71 Task Engagement (baseline) 0.10 0.26 [-0.42, 0.63] 0.40 0.689 -0.03 0.24 [-0.51, 0.46] -0.1 0.918
71 Task Engagement (post) -0.11 0.27 [-0.65, 0.42] -0.43 0.669 -0.01 0.25 [-0.51, 0.48] -0.06 0.956
Dorsal Medial Prefrontal Cortex
91 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.43 0.2 [-0.83, -0.02] -2.1 0.039* 0.05 F (1,81) =4.41 -0.41 0.25 [-0.91, 0.09] -1.63 0.108 0.25 0.2 F (19,57) =0.99 -0.41 0.25 [-0.91, 0.09] -1.63 0.108 0.25 0.2 F (19,57) =0.99 -0.44 0.21 [-0.85, -0.03] -2.14 0.036* 0.15 0.1 F (5,75) =2.6
91 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -1.50 1.20 [-3.92, 0.91] -1.25 0.217 -1.5 1.2 [-3.92, 0.91] -1.25 0.217 -0.97 0.97 [-2.91, 0.98] -0.99 0.325
91 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.51 0.50 [-0.50, 1.52] 1.01 0.319 0.51 0.5 [-0.50, 1.52] 1.01 0.319 0.44 0.43 [-0.40, 1.29] 1.04 0.300
91 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.69 0.42 [-0.15, 1.54] 1.64 0.106 0.69 0.42 [-0.15, 1.54] 1.64 0.106 0.65 0.37 [-0.08, 1.39] 1.76 0.082.
91 Ethnicity: Other 1.45 0.69 [0.06, 2.84] 2.09 0.041* 1.45 0.69 [0.06, 2.84] 2.09 0.041* 1.35 0.62 [0.11, 2.58] 2.18 0.033*
91 Age (winsorized) 0.01 0.09 [-0.17, 0.19] 0.10 0.922 0.01 0.09 [-0.17, 0.19] 0.1 0.922
91 Parent Ed: BA -0.62 0.72 [-2.05, 0.82] -0.86 0.391 -0.62 0.72 [-2.05, 0.82] -0.86 0.391
91 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.08 0.85 [-1.78, 1.61] -0.10 0.921 -0.08 0.85 [-1.78, 1.61] -0.1 0.921
91 Parent Ed: HS -0.16 0.83 [-1.83, 1.50] -0.20 0.845 -0.16 0.83 [-1.83, 1.50] -0.2 0.845
91 Parent Ed: no HS -2.04 1.21 [-4.46, 0.39] -1.68 0.098. -2.04 1.21 [-4.46, 0.39] -1.68 0.098.
91 Parent Ed: MA -0.45 0.73 [-1.91, 1.01] -0.62 0.539 -0.45 0.73 [-1.91, 1.01] -0.62 0.539
91 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.01 0.99 [-1.96, 1.99] 0.01 0.989 0.01 0.99 [-1.96, 1.99] 0.01 0.989
91 Parent Ed: csome college -0.45 0.76 [-1.98, 1.08] -0.58 0.562 -0.45 0.76 [-1.98, 1.08] -0.58 0.562
91 Female -0.44 1.12 [-2.67, 1.80] -0.39 0.698 -0.44 1.12 [-2.67, 1.80] -0.39 0.698
91 Male -0.26 1.14 [-2.54, 2.03] -0.23 0.821 -0.26 1.14 [-2.54, 2.03] -0.23 0.821
91 Transgender -0.56 1.33 [-3.21, 2.10] -0.42 0.677 -0.56 1.33 [-3.21, 2.10] -0.42 0.677
91 Baseline Depression -0.01 0.02 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.81 0.423 -0.01 0.02 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.81 0.423
91 Task Engagement (baseline) 0.08 0.16 [-0.24, 0.40] 0.51 0.609 0.08 0.16 [-0.24, 0.40] 0.51 0.609
91 Task Engagement (post) -0.08 0.16 [-0.41, 0.24] -0.51 0.609 -0.08 0.16 [-0.41, 0.24] -0.51 0.609
89 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.53 0.28 [-1.09, 0.02] -1.93 0.057. 0.04 F (1,81) =3.72 -0.62 0.36 [-1.33, 0.10] -1.73 0.090. 0.18 0.14 F (19,57) =0.67 -0.46 0.34 [-1.14, 0.23] -1.34 0.186 0.19 0.14 F (19,56) =0.69 -0.53 0.28 [-1.09, 0.02] -1.93 0.057. 0.04 0 F (1,81) =3.72
89 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.93 1.72 [-4.38, 2.53] -0.54 0.594 -1.4 1.64 [-4.68, 1.88] -0.85 0.397
89 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.63 0.72 [-0.82, 2.07] 0.87 0.390 0.53 0.68 [-0.84, 1.90] 0.77 0.444
89 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.57 0.60 [-0.64, 1.78] 0.95 0.348 0.57 0.57 [-0.57, 1.72] 1.01 0.317
89 Ethnicity: Other 1.12 0.99 [-0.87, 3.11] 1.13 0.265 1.01 0.94 [-0.87, 2.90] 1.08 0.285
89 Age (winsorized) -0.14 0.13 [-0.39, 0.12] -1.08 0.285 -0.08 0.12 [-0.33, 0.16] -0.68 0.501
89 Parent Ed: BA -0.95 1.02 [-3.01, 1.10] -0.93 0.355 -0.84 0.97 [-2.78, 1.10] -0.87 0.389
89 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.63 1.21 [-3.05, 1.80] -0.52 0.606 -0.34 1.15 [-2.64, 1.96] -0.3 0.766
89 Parent Ed: HS -0.92 1.19 [-3.31, 1.46] -0.78 0.441 -0.62 1.13 [-2.88, 1.65] -0.55 0.588
89 Parent Ed: no HS -1.11 1.73 [-4.58, 2.35] -0.64 0.523 -1.16 1.64 [-4.44, 2.12] -0.71 0.481
89 Parent Ed: MA -1.02 1.04 [-3.11, 1.08] -0.97 0.335 -0.62 1 [-2.62, 1.37] -0.63 0.534
89 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.23 1.41 [-3.05, 2.60] -0.16 0.873 -0.23 1.33 [-2.90, 2.44] -0.17 0.862
89 Parent Ed: csome college -0.68 1.09 [-2.87, 1.51] -0.62 0.536 -0.47 1.04 [-2.54, 1.60] -0.45 0.651
89 Female 0.49 1.60 [-2.71, 3.69] 0.31 0.761 0.68 1.51 [-2.35, 3.71] 0.45 0.655
89 Male 0.59 1.63 [-2.68, 3.86] 0.36 0.720 1 1.55 [-2.11, 4.10] 0.64 0.523
89 Transgender -0.20 1.90 [-4.01, 3.60] -0.11 0.916 0.05 1.8 [-3.55, 3.65] 0.03 0.978
89 Baseline Depression -0.01 0.02 [-0.06, 0.03] -0.52 0.607 -0.02 0.02 [-0.06, 0.03] -0.73 0.470
89 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.22 0.23 [-0.68, 0.23] -0.98 0.332 -0.2 0.22 [-0.64, 0.23] -0.94 0.349
89 Task Engagement (post) 0.22 0.23 [-0.25, 0.69] 0.93 0.355 0.23 0.22 [-0.22, 0.67] 1.03 0.309
194 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.42 0.25 [-0.92, 0.08] -1.68 0.098. 0.03 F (1,81) =2.81 -0.48 0.33 [-1.14, 0.18] -1.45 0.152 0.15 0.11 F (19,57) =0.51 -0.33 0.31 [-0.96, 0.30] -1.04 0.304 0.15 0.11 F (19,56) =0.51 -0.42 0.25 [-0.92, 0.08] -1.68 0.098. 0.03 0 F (1,81) =2.81
194 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.23 1.60 [-3.43, 2.98] -0.14 0.888 -0.68 1.51 [-3.70, 2.33] -0.45 0.651
194 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.15 0.67 [-1.19, 1.50] 0.23 0.818 0.06 0.63 [-1.20, 1.32] 0.09 0.926
194 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.14 0.56 [-0.98, 1.26] 0.26 0.798 0.15 0.52 [-0.90, 1.20] 0.28 0.778
194 Ethnicity: Other 0.83 0.92 [-1.02, 2.67] 0.90 0.374 0.72 0.86 [-1.01, 2.46] 0.84 0.405
194 Age (winsorized) -0.10 0.12 [-0.34, 0.14] -0.84 0.403 -0.05 0.11 [-0.27, 0.18] -0.41 0.683
194 Parent Ed: BA -0.72 0.95 [-2.62, 1.18] -0.76 0.453 -0.61 0.89 [-2.39, 1.18] -0.68 0.498
194 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.28 1.12 [-2.52, 1.97] -0.25 0.807 0 1.06 [-2.11, 2.12] 0 0.999
194 Parent Ed: HS -1.08 1.10 [-3.29, 1.13] -0.98 0.332 -0.78 1.04 [-2.86, 1.30] -0.75 0.456
194 Parent Ed: no HS -0.32 1.61 [-3.54, 2.89] -0.20 0.841 -0.37 1.51 [-3.39, 2.65] -0.24 0.808
194 Parent Ed: MA -0.83 0.97 [-2.77, 1.11] -0.86 0.394 -0.45 0.92 [-2.29, 1.39] -0.49 0.626
194 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.60 1.31 [-3.22, 2.02] -0.46 0.647 -0.61 1.23 [-3.06, 1.85] -0.5 0.622
194 Parent Ed: csome college -0.84 1.01 [-2.87, 1.19] -0.83 0.412 -0.63 0.95 [-2.54, 1.28] -0.66 0.509
194 Female 0.93 1.48 [-2.04, 3.90] 0.63 0.532 1.12 1.39 [-1.67, 3.90] 0.8 0.426
194 Male 0.89 1.51 [-2.14, 3.92] 0.59 0.558 1.29 1.43 [-1.57, 4.14] 0.9 0.370
194 Transgender 0.33 1.76 [-3.20, 3.85] 0.19 0.853 0.57 1.65 [-2.74, 3.89] 0.35 0.730
194 Baseline Depression 0.00 0.02 [-0.04, 0.04] -0.18 0.859 -0.01 0.02 [-0.05, 0.03] -0.38 0.704
194 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.29 0.21 [-0.71, 0.13] -1.37 0.177 -0.27 0.2 [-0.67, 0.13] -1.36 0.179
194 Task Engagement (post) 0.30 0.22 [-0.13, 0.74] 1.40 0.168 0.31 0.2 [-0.10, 0.72] 1.53 0.131
195 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.27 0.18 [-0.63, 0.08] -1.53 0.130 0.03 F (1,81) =2.33 -0.34 0.23 [-0.80, 0.12] -1.47 0.146 0.17 0.14 F (19,57) =0.59 -0.34 0.23 [-0.80, 0.12] -1.47 0.146 0.17 0.14 F (19,57) =0.59 -0.27 0.18 [-0.63, 0.08] -1.53 0.130 0.03 0 F (1,81) =2.33
195 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.25 1.12 [-2.49, 1.98] -0.23 0.821 -0.25 1.12 [-2.49, 1.98] -0.23 0.821
195 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.57 0.47 [-0.36, 1.51] 1.22 0.226 0.57 0.47 [-0.36, 1.51] 1.22 0.226
195 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.45 0.39 [-0.33, 1.23] 1.15 0.255 0.45 0.39 [-0.33, 1.23] 1.15 0.255
195 Ethnicity: Other 0.96 0.64 [-0.33, 2.25] 1.48 0.143 0.96 0.64 [-0.33, 2.25] 1.48 0.143
195 Age (winsorized) 0.01 0.08 [-0.15, 0.18] 0.18 0.860 0.01 0.08 [-0.15, 0.18] 0.18 0.860
195 Parent Ed: BA -0.44 0.66 [-1.77, 0.89] -0.66 0.509 -0.44 0.66 [-1.77, 0.89] -0.66 0.509
195 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.08 0.78 [-1.49, 1.65] 0.10 0.920 0.08 0.78 [-1.49, 1.65] 0.1 0.920
195 Parent Ed: HS -0.56 0.77 [-2.10, 0.99] -0.72 0.475 -0.56 0.77 [-2.10, 0.99] -0.72 0.475
195 Parent Ed: no HS -0.90 1.12 [-3.15, 1.35] -0.80 0.426 -0.9 1.12 [-3.15, 1.35] -0.8 0.426
195 Parent Ed: MA -0.42 0.68 [-1.78, 0.93] -0.63 0.534 -0.42 0.68 [-1.78, 0.93] -0.63 0.534
195 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.30 0.91 [-2.13, 1.53] -0.33 0.743 -0.3 0.91 [-2.13, 1.53] -0.33 0.743
195 Parent Ed: csome college -0.53 0.71 [-1.95, 0.89] -0.75 0.455 -0.53 0.71 [-1.95, 0.89] -0.75 0.455
195 Female -0.56 1.04 [-2.63, 1.52] -0.54 0.593 -0.56 1.04 [-2.63, 1.52] -0.54 0.593
195 Male -0.30 1.06 [-2.42, 1.81] -0.29 0.774 -0.3 1.06 [-2.42, 1.81] -0.29 0.774
195 Transgender -0.66 1.23 [-3.12, 1.81] -0.53 0.595 -0.66 1.23 [-3.12, 1.81] -0.53 0.595
195 Baseline Depression 0.00 0.01 [-0.03, 0.02] -0.25 0.805 0 0.01 [-0.03, 0.02] -0.25 0.805
195 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.07 0.15 [-0.37, 0.22] -0.50 0.618 -0.07 0.15 [-0.37, 0.22] -0.5 0.618
195 Task Engagement (post) 0.07 0.15 [-0.23, 0.37] 0.46 0.648 0.07 0.15 [-0.23, 0.37] 0.46 0.648
Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus
43 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.13 0.26 [-0.65, 0.39] -0.5 0.620 0 F (1,81) =0.25 0.08 0.31 [-0.53, 0.70] 0.27 0.787 0.32 0.31 F (19,57) =1.39 0.07 0.19 [-0.31, 0.45] 0.39 0.699 0.43 0.43 F (19,52) =2.05 -0.11 0.26 [-0.63, 0.41] -0.43 0.665 0.07 0.07 F (2,78) =3.01
43 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -1.68 1.49 [-4.66, 1.30] -1.13 0.264 -0.97 0.89 [-2.77, 0.82] -1.09 0.282
43 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.57 0.62 [-1.82, 0.68] -0.92 0.363 0.21 0.38 [-0.55, 0.98] 0.56 0.580
43 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.22 0.52 [-1.26, 0.82] -0.42 0.676 -0.13 0.31 [-0.75, 0.50] -0.4 0.689
43 Ethnicity: Other 0.39 0.86 [-1.32, 2.11] 0.46 0.648 0.38 0.51 [-0.65, 1.41] 0.74 0.465
43 Age (winsorized) 0.17 0.11 [-0.05, 0.39] 1.59 0.117 0.11 0.07 [-0.02, 0.25] 1.69 0.096.
43 Parent Ed: BA -1.26 0.88 [-3.03, 0.51] -1.43 0.158 -1.1 0.53 [-2.17, -0.04] -2.07 0.043*
43 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.06 1.04 [-2.15, 2.03] -0.06 0.953 -0.14 0.63 [-1.40, 1.12] -0.23 0.822
43 Parent Ed: HS 0.11 1.03 [-1.95, 2.16] 0.10 0.918 -0.44 0.62 [-1.68, 0.80] -0.71 0.478
43 Parent Ed: no HS 0.79 1.49 [-2.20, 3.78] 0.53 0.599 0.87 0.89 [-0.93, 2.66] 0.97 0.337
43 Parent Ed: MA -0.58 0.90 [-2.38, 1.22] -0.65 0.521 -0.89 0.54 [-1.99, 0.20] -1.65 0.106
43 Parent Ed: JD/MD -1.32 1.22 [-3.76, 1.11] -1.09 0.281 -1.08 0.73 [-2.54, 0.37] -1.49 0.142
43 Parent Ed: csome college -0.43 0.94 [-2.32, 1.45] -0.46 0.647 -0.69 0.56 [-1.82, 0.45] -1.22 0.229
43 Female -1.00 1.38 [-3.76, 1.76] -0.73 0.471 -0.88 0.83 [-2.54, 0.77] -1.07 0.290
43 Male -1.12 1.41 [-3.94, 1.70] -0.80 0.430 -0.84 0.85 [-2.54, 0.86] -0.99 0.328
43 Transgender -1.00 1.64 [-4.28, 2.28] -0.61 0.544 -0.93 0.98 [-2.90, 1.04] -0.95 0.349
43 Baseline Depression -0.06 0.02 [-0.10, -0.03] -3.40 0.001** -0.04 0.01 [-0.06, -0.02] -3.54 0.001*** -0.04 0.02 [-0.07, -0.01] -2.41 0.018*
43 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.04 0.20 [-0.43, 0.36] -0.18 0.859 -0.09 0.12 [-0.33, 0.14] -0.79 0.436
43 Task Engagement (post) 0.07 0.20 [-0.34, 0.47] 0.34 0.733 0.05 0.12 [-0.20, 0.29] 0.38 0.705
50 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.06 0.22 [-0.49, 0.37] -0.29 0.770 0 F (1,81) =0.09 0.01 0.25 [-0.49, 0.50] 0.02 0.984 0.32 0.32 F (19,57) =1.4 0.04 0.21 [-0.38, 0.46] 0.2 0.840 0.34 0.34 F (19,53) =1.43 -0.1 0.22 [-0.55, 0.34] -0.47 0.641 0.06 0.06 F (4,76) =1.24
50 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.52 1.20 [-2.93, 1.89] -0.43 0.669 -0.42 0.99 [-2.41, 1.57] -0.42 0.674
50 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.59 0.50 [-1.60, 0.43] -1.16 0.251 -0.41 0.42 [-1.27, 0.44] -0.97 0.334
50 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.30 0.42 [-1.14, 0.54] -0.71 0.479 -0.09 0.35 [-0.79, 0.61] -0.25 0.800
50 Ethnicity: Other 0.75 0.69 [-0.64, 2.15] 1.09 0.282 0.75 0.57 [-0.40, 1.89] 1.31 0.195
50 Age (winsorized) 0.07 0.09 [-0.11, 0.25] 0.80 0.425 0.04 0.07 [-0.11, 0.19] 0.57 0.574
50 Parent Ed: BA -1.33 0.72 [-2.77, 0.10] -1.86 0.068. -1.04 0.59 [-2.23, 0.14] -1.76 0.084.
50 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.82 0.85 [-2.51, 0.88] -0.97 0.338 -0.79 0.7 [-2.19, 0.60] -1.14 0.259
50 Parent Ed: HS -0.47 0.83 [-2.14, 1.20] -0.57 0.574 -0.44 0.69 [-1.81, 0.94] -0.64 0.524
50 Parent Ed: no HS 0.50 1.21 [-1.92, 2.92] 0.41 0.681 0.56 0.99 [-1.43, 2.56] 0.57 0.574
50 Parent Ed: MA -0.84 0.73 [-2.30, 0.63] -1.15 0.257 -0.71 0.6 [-1.92, 0.50] -1.17 0.245
50 Parent Ed: JD/MD -1.75 0.99 [-3.72, 0.23] -1.77 0.082. -1.55 0.81 [-3.18, 0.08] -1.91 0.062.
50 Parent Ed: csome college -1.14 0.76 [-2.67, 0.38] -1.50 0.139 -1.1 0.63 [-2.36, 0.17] -1.74 0.087.
50 Female -1.17 1.12 [-3.40, 1.07] -1.04 0.301 -1.15 0.92 [-2.99, 0.70] -1.25 0.218 -1.5 0.99 [-3.47, 0.46] -1.52 0.132
50 Male -1.46 1.14 [-3.74, 0.83] -1.28 0.206 -1.24 0.94 [-3.13, 0.65] -1.32 0.193 -1.64 0.99 [-3.63, 0.34] -1.65 0.102
50 Transgender -2.07 1.33 [-4.73, 0.59] -1.56 0.125 -2.21 1.09 [-4.40, -0.02] -2.02 0.048* -2.56 1.21 [-4.97, -0.15] -2.12 0.038*
50 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.06, 0.00] -1.70 0.095. -0.01 0.01 [-0.04, 0.01] -1.12 0.267
50 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.24 0.16 [-0.56, 0.08] -1.47 0.147 -0.22 0.13 [-0.48, 0.05] -1.63 0.110
50 Task Engagement (post) 0.21 0.16 [-0.12, 0.54] 1.29 0.203 0.18 0.14 [-0.10, 0.45] 1.3 0.198
69 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.34 0.21 [-0.75, 0.08] -1.61 0.112 0.03 F (1,81) =2.58 -0.34 0.27 [-0.88, 0.19] -1.30 0.200 0.17 0.14 F (19,57) =0.61 -0.24 0.24 [-0.73, 0.25] -1 0.323 0.16 0.13 F (19,55) =0.54 -0.34 0.21 [-0.75, 0.08] -1.61 0.112 0.03 0 F (1,81) =2.58
69 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan -0.70 1.28 [-3.27, 1.87] -0.54 0.589 -0.56 1.17 [-2.90, 1.79] -0.47 0.637
69 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.05 0.54 [-1.02, 1.13] 0.10 0.920 0.26 0.5 [-0.74, 1.27] 0.53 0.599
69 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.20 0.45 [-0.70, 1.10] 0.45 0.657 0.24 0.41 [-0.58, 1.06] 0.58 0.563
69 Ethnicity: Other 0.41 0.74 [-1.08, 1.89] 0.55 0.586 0.42 0.67 [-0.93, 1.77] 0.62 0.536
69 Age (winsorized) 0.13 0.09 [-0.06, 0.32] 1.33 0.190 0.12 0.09 [-0.06, 0.29] 1.36 0.179
69 Parent Ed: BA -0.50 0.76 [-2.03, 1.03] -0.66 0.515 -0.31 0.7 [-1.70, 1.09] -0.44 0.663
69 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.04 0.90 [-1.77, 1.84] 0.04 0.967 0.07 0.82 [-1.58, 1.71] 0.08 0.934
69 Parent Ed: HS 0.00 0.89 [-1.78, 1.78] 0.00 1.000 -0.09 0.81 [-1.71, 1.53] -0.11 0.912
69 Parent Ed: no HS 0.07 1.29 [-2.51, 2.66] 0.06 0.955 0.06 1.18 [-2.30, 2.41] 0.05 0.963
69 Parent Ed: MA -0.41 0.78 [-1.97, 1.14] -0.53 0.597 -0.42 0.71 [-1.84, 1.00] -0.59 0.558
69 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.56 1.05 [-2.67, 1.54] -0.54 0.595 -0.46 0.96 [-2.38, 1.46] -0.48 0.631
69 Parent Ed: csome college -0.39 0.81 [-2.02, 1.24] -0.48 0.630 -0.44 0.74 [-1.92, 1.05] -0.59 0.559
69 Female -0.18 1.19 [-2.57, 2.20] -0.15 0.878 -0.04 1.08 [-2.21, 2.13] -0.04 0.971
69 Male -0.04 1.22 [-2.47, 2.40] -0.03 0.975 0.13 1.11 [-2.09, 2.36] 0.12 0.904
69 Transgender -0.57 1.41 [-3.40, 2.26] -0.40 0.688 -0.5 1.29 [-3.08, 2.09] -0.38 0.702
69 Baseline Depression -0.02 0.02 [-0.06, 0.01] -1.42 0.160 -0.01 0.02 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.94 0.350
69 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.16 0.17 [-0.50, 0.18] -0.96 0.341 -0.18 0.16 [-0.49, 0.14] -1.13 0.263
69 Task Engagement (post) 0.18 0.17 [-0.17, 0.53] 1.04 0.303 0.2 0.16 [-0.11, 0.52] 1.29 0.203
58 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training 0.11 0.27 [-0.43, 0.66] 0.42 0.675 0 F (1,81) =0.18 0.37 0.34 [-0.30, 1.04] 1.10 0.277 0.2 0.2 F (19,57) =0.74 0.33 0.23 [-0.13, 0.78] 1.44 0.156 0.28 0.27 F (19,55) =1.1 0.11 0.27 [-0.43, 0.66] 0.42 0.675 0 0 F (1,81) =0.18
58 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.29 1.62 [-2.95, 3.54] 0.18 0.856 0.66 1.09 [-1.52, 2.84] 0.6 0.548
58 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.27 0.68 [-1.63, 1.09] -0.39 0.696 0.47 0.47 [-0.46, 1.40] 1.01 0.316
58 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.05 0.57 [-1.19, 1.08] -0.10 0.923 0.12 0.38 [-0.64, 0.89] 0.32 0.747
58 Ethnicity: Other 0.90 0.94 [-0.97, 2.78] 0.97 0.338 0.87 0.63 [-0.38, 2.13] 1.39 0.169
58 Age (winsorized) 0.00 0.12 [-0.24, 0.24] 0.00 0.998 0.06 0.08 [-0.11, 0.22] 0.69 0.494
58 Parent Ed: BA -1.35 0.96 [-3.28, 0.58] -1.40 0.168 -0.91 0.65 [-2.21, 0.39] -1.4 0.166
58 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.44 1.14 [-2.72, 1.84] -0.39 0.700 -0.02 0.77 [-1.56, 1.51] -0.03 0.975
58 Parent Ed: HS 0.08 1.12 [-2.17, 2.32] 0.07 0.945 -0.07 0.75 [-1.58, 1.44] -0.09 0.927
58 Parent Ed: no HS -1.37 1.63 [-4.64, 1.89] -0.84 0.403 -1.39 1.09 [-3.58, 0.80] -1.27 0.210
58 Parent Ed: MA -0.88 0.98 [-2.84, 1.09] -0.89 0.376 -0.5 0.66 [-1.83, 0.83] -0.76 0.452
58 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.86 1.33 [-3.52, 1.80] -0.65 0.519 -0.45 0.89 [-2.23, 1.34] -0.5 0.619
58 Parent Ed: csome college -0.34 1.03 [-2.40, 1.72] -0.33 0.742 -0.24 0.69 [-1.63, 1.14] -0.35 0.725
58 Female -0.08 1.50 [-3.09, 2.93] -0.05 0.959 0.29 1.01 [-1.73, 2.31] 0.28 0.777
58 Male -0.28 1.54 [-3.36, 2.79] -0.18 0.855 0.55 1.03 [-1.52, 2.63] 0.53 0.595
58 Transgender 0.47 1.79 [-3.11, 4.05] 0.26 0.794 0.72 1.2 [-1.69, 3.12] 0.6 0.552
58 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.07, 0.01] -1.63 0.109 0 0.01 [-0.03, 0.03] -0.15 0.883
58 Task Engagement (baseline) 0.17 0.22 [-0.26, 0.60] 0.80 0.425 0.22 0.15 [-0.07, 0.52] 1.54 0.128
58 Task Engagement (post) -0.10 0.22 [-0.55, 0.34] -0.47 0.640 -0.16 0.15 [-0.46, 0.13] -1.1 0.275
Anterior Insula
154 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.03 0.2 [-0.44, 0.37] -0.16 0.872 0 F (1,81) =0.03 -0.15 0.24 [-0.62, 0.33] -0.61 0.543 0.32 0.32 F (19,57) =1.44 -0.13 0.22 [-0.57, 0.31] -0.58 0.562 0.3 0.3 F (19,55) =1.25 -0.03 0.21 [-0.44, 0.38] -0.14 0.887 0.05 0.05 F (2,78) =2.1
154 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.41 1.16 [-1.90, 2.72] 0.36 0.723 0.22 1.08 [-1.94, 2.39] 0.21 0.837
154 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.27 0.48 [-1.24, 0.70] -0.55 0.584 -0.06 0.46 [-0.98, 0.85] -0.14 0.889
154 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.17 0.40 [-0.98, 0.64] -0.42 0.672 -0.06 0.38 [-0.81, 0.69] -0.16 0.875
154 Ethnicity: Other 0.79 0.67 [-0.55, 2.12] 1.18 0.243 0.88 0.62 [-0.35, 2.12] 1.43 0.158
154 Age (winsorized) -0.07 0.09 [-0.24, 0.10] -0.83 0.413 0 0.08 [-0.17, 0.17] 0 0.997
154 Parent Ed: BA -1.10 0.69 [-2.48, 0.27] -1.60 0.114 -0.88 0.64 [-2.15, 0.40] -1.37 0.176
154 Parent Ed: doctoral -1.06 0.81 [-2.68, 0.56] -1.31 0.196 -0.81 0.75 [-2.32, 0.70] -1.08 0.287
154 Parent Ed: HS -1.23 0.80 [-2.83, 0.37] -1.54 0.129 -0.8 0.78 [-2.37, 0.76] -1.03 0.309
154 Parent Ed: no HS 1.29 1.16 [-1.04, 3.61] 1.11 0.273 1.14 1.07 [-1.01, 3.29] 1.07 0.291
154 Parent Ed: MA -0.89 0.70 [-2.29, 0.51] -1.28 0.207 -0.76 0.65 [-2.06, 0.54] -1.17 0.249
154 Parent Ed: JD/MD -1.54 0.95 [-3.44, 0.35] -1.63 0.108 -1.35 0.87 [-3.11, 0.40] -1.55 0.127
154 Parent Ed: csome college -1.05 0.73 [-2.52, 0.42] -1.43 0.157 -1 0.68 [-2.36, 0.36] -1.47 0.146
154 Female -1.33 1.07 [-3.47, 0.81] -1.24 0.219 -1.01 0.99 [-3.00, 0.99] -1.01 0.316
154 Male -1.68 1.09 [-3.87, 0.51] -1.54 0.130 -1.3 1.02 [-3.34, 0.74] -1.28 0.206
154 Transgender -2.42 1.27 [-4.97, 0.13] -1.90 0.063. -2.12 1.18 [-4.48, 0.24] -1.8 0.077.
154 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.01 [-0.06, -0.00] -2.03 0.047* -0.02 0.01 [-0.05, 0.01] -1.39 0.172 -0.03 0.01 [-0.05, -0.00] -2.04 0.045*
154 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.22 0.15 [-0.53, 0.09] -1.44 0.154 -0.23 0.14 [-0.52, 0.05] -1.64 0.107
154 Task Engagement (post) 0.13 0.16 [-0.19, 0.44] 0.81 0.419 0.14 0.14 [-0.15, 0.43] 0.95 0.348
155 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training 0.06 0.24 [-0.43, 0.55] 0.25 0.807 0 F (1,81) =0.06 0.07 0.28 [-0.49, 0.63] 0.24 0.811 0.35 0.34 F (19,57) =1.58 0.2 0.2 [-0.20, 0.61] 1 0.321 0.38 0.38 F (19,53) =1.73 0.03 0.24 [-0.45, 0.51] 0.12 0.908 0.13 0.12 F (3,76) =3.62
155 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.43 1.35 [-2.28, 3.13] 0.31 0.754 0.69 0.96 [-1.23, 2.61] 0.72 0.472
155 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.96 0.57 [-2.09, 0.18] -1.69 0.096. -0.44 0.41 [-1.26, 0.38] -1.08 0.286
155 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.34 0.47 [-1.29, 0.60] -0.73 0.469 -0.18 0.34 [-0.86, 0.49] -0.54 0.590
155 Ethnicity: Other 0.27 0.78 [-1.29, 1.83] 0.35 0.730 0.35 0.55 [-0.75, 1.46] 0.64 0.523
155 Age (winsorized) -0.02 0.10 [-0.22, 0.18] -0.18 0.854 -0.02 0.07 [-0.16, 0.13] -0.22 0.826
155 Parent Ed: BA -0.77 0.80 [-2.38, 0.84] -0.96 0.341 -0.36 0.57 [-1.51, 0.78] -0.63 0.530
155 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.29 0.95 [-2.18, 1.61] -0.30 0.764 -0.19 0.67 [-1.54, 1.15] -0.29 0.774
155 Parent Ed: HS -0.46 0.93 [-2.33, 1.41] -0.49 0.624 -0.6 0.66 [-1.92, 0.73] -0.9 0.372
155 Parent Ed: no HS 0.76 1.36 [-1.96, 3.48] 0.56 0.576 0.62 0.96 [-1.31, 2.54] 0.64 0.522
155 Parent Ed: MA -0.14 0.82 [-1.77, 1.50] -0.17 0.869 -0.02 0.58 [-1.19, 1.15] -0.03 0.978
155 Parent Ed: JD/MD -1.19 1.11 [-3.41, 1.02] -1.08 0.284 -0.92 0.78 [-2.49, 0.65] -1.17 0.247
155 Parent Ed: csome college -0.56 0.86 [-2.28, 1.15] -0.65 0.515 -0.6 0.61 [-1.81, 0.62] -0.99 0.329
155 Female -0.18 1.25 [-2.69, 2.32] -0.15 0.884 0.01 0.89 [-1.77, 1.79] 0.01 0.989
155 Male -0.69 1.28 [-3.25, 1.87] -0.54 0.592 -0.37 0.91 [-2.19, 1.46] -0.4 0.687
155 Transgender -1.10 1.49 [-4.08, 1.88] -0.74 0.463 -1.04 1.05 [-3.15, 1.07] -0.99 0.328
155 Baseline Depression -0.04 0.02 [-0.07, -0.01] -2.34 0.023* -0.02 0.01 [-0.04, 0.01] -1.55 0.128 -0.04 0.01 [-0.07, -0.01] -2.43 0.017*
155 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.40 0.18 [-0.76, -0.04] -2.21 0.031* -0.33 0.13 [-0.59, -0.07] -2.56 0.013* -0.14 0.07 [-0.27, -0.00] -2.03 0.046*
155 Task Engagement (post) 0.28 0.18 [-0.09, 0.65] 1.53 0.131 0.21 0.13 [-0.06, 0.48] 1.59 0.118
83 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.2 0.2 [-0.60, 0.20] -0.99 0.325 0.01 F (1,81) =0.98 -0.21 0.25 [-0.70, 0.28] -0.85 0.399 0.24 0.22 F (19,57) =0.93 -0.3 0.23 [-0.76, 0.17] -1.29 0.202 0.28 0.26 F (19,56) =1.12 -0.21 0.21 [-0.62, 0.20] -1.01 0.314 0.13 0.12 F (5,75) =2.32
83 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 1.13 1.19 [-1.25, 3.52] 0.95 0.346 1.21 1.11 [-1.02, 3.43] 1.09 0.283 1.28 0.97 [-0.65, 3.21] 1.32 0.191
83 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.08 0.50 [-0.92, 1.09] 0.17 0.866 0.12 0.47 [-0.81, 1.06] 0.26 0.793 0.01 0.42 [-0.84, 0.85] 0.01 0.989
83 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.33 0.42 [-0.51, 1.16] 0.78 0.437 0.3 0.39 [-0.48, 1.08] 0.77 0.443 0.21 0.37 [-0.52, 0.94] 0.57 0.567
83 Ethnicity: Other 1.76 0.69 [0.38, 3.13] 2.56 0.013* 1.72 0.64 [0.43, 3.00] 2.68 0.010** 1.69 0.62 [0.46, 2.92] 2.74 0.008**
83 Age (winsorized) -0.04 0.09 [-0.22, 0.14] -0.44 0.658 -0.05 0.08 [-0.21, 0.11] -0.61 0.547
83 Parent Ed: BA -0.54 0.71 [-1.96, 0.88] -0.76 0.450 -0.66 0.66 [-1.99, 0.66] -1 0.320
83 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.50 0.84 [-2.18, 1.17] -0.60 0.549 -0.52 0.78 [-2.08, 1.04] -0.67 0.506
83 Parent Ed: HS -0.21 0.82 [-1.86, 1.44] -0.26 0.798 -0.3 0.77 [-1.84, 1.24] -0.39 0.699
83 Parent Ed: no HS -0.59 1.20 [-2.99, 1.81] -0.50 0.622 -0.53 1.12 [-2.77, 1.71] -0.48 0.636
83 Parent Ed: MA -0.71 0.72 [-2.16, 0.73] -0.99 0.327 -0.76 0.67 [-2.10, 0.59] -1.12 0.267
83 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.15 0.98 [-2.11, 1.80] -0.16 0.876 -0.15 0.91 [-1.97, 1.67] -0.17 0.868
83 Parent Ed: csome college -0.94 0.76 [-2.46, 0.57] -1.25 0.217 -0.96 0.7 [-2.38, 0.45] -1.37 0.176
83 Female 0.01 1.11 [-2.20, 2.23] 0.01 0.989 -0.05 1.03 [-2.11, 2.02] -0.04 0.964
83 Male 0.09 1.13 [-2.17, 2.35] 0.08 0.939 0.09 1.05 [-2.02, 2.19] 0.08 0.934
83 Transgender -0.24 1.31 [-2.88, 2.39] -0.19 0.854 -0.26 1.22 [-2.72, 2.19] -0.22 0.830
83 Baseline Depression -0.01 0.02 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.66 0.510 -0.01 0.01 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.57 0.572
83 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.22 0.16 [-0.53, 0.10] -1.37 0.177 -0.22 0.15 [-0.52, 0.07] -1.5 0.139
83 Task Engagement (post) 0.22 0.16 [-0.11, 0.54] 1.33 0.188 0.2 0.15 [-0.10, 0.50] 1.31 0.194
47 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training 0.1 0.18 [-0.26, 0.45] 0.54 0.591 0 F (1,81) =0.29 0.08 0.23 [-0.38, 0.54] 0.37 0.715 0.15 0.14 F (19,57) =0.52 0.14 0.22 [-0.29, 0.58] 0.66 0.514 0.15 0.14 F (19,56) =0.51 0.09 0.19 [-0.28, 0.46] 0.5 0.619 0.08 0.07 F (5,75) =1.27
47 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 1.84 1.11 [-0.39, 4.06] 1.65 0.104 1.84 1.05 [-0.27, 3.95] 1.75 0.086. 1.75 0.87 [0.02, 3.49] 2.01 0.048*
47 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.26 0.47 [-0.67, 1.20] 0.56 0.574 0.22 0.44 [-0.66, 1.11] 0.5 0.616 0.28 0.38 [-0.48, 1.04] 0.74 0.462
47 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.04 0.39 [-0.74, 0.82] 0.10 0.920 0.07 0.37 [-0.67, 0.80] 0.18 0.858 0.1 0.33 [-0.56, 0.76] 0.31 0.755
47 Ethnicity: Other 0.47 0.64 [-0.81, 1.76] 0.74 0.463 0.5 0.61 [-0.72, 1.71] 0.82 0.417 0.64 0.55 [-0.46, 1.75] 1.16 0.250
47 Age (winsorized) 0.03 0.08 [-0.13, 0.20] 0.42 0.674 0.02 0.08 [-0.13, 0.18] 0.28 0.783
47 Parent Ed: BA -0.44 0.66 [-1.77, 0.88] -0.67 0.504 -0.35 0.63 [-1.60, 0.91] -0.55 0.581
47 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.22 0.78 [-1.78, 1.34] -0.28 0.782 -0.25 0.74 [-1.73, 1.23] -0.34 0.733
47 Parent Ed: HS -0.31 0.77 [-1.84, 1.23] -0.40 0.691 -0.28 0.73 [-1.74, 1.17] -0.39 0.699
47 Parent Ed: no HS 0.72 1.12 [-1.52, 2.96] 0.64 0.522 0.72 1.06 [-1.40, 2.84] 0.68 0.500
47 Parent Ed: MA -0.24 0.67 [-1.58, 1.11] -0.35 0.727 -0.24 0.64 [-1.51, 1.04] -0.37 0.712
47 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.42 0.91 [-2.24, 1.40] -0.46 0.647 -0.4 0.86 [-2.12, 1.33] -0.46 0.647
47 Parent Ed: csome college -0.26 0.70 [-1.67, 1.15] -0.37 0.712 -0.27 0.67 [-1.60, 1.07] -0.4 0.692
47 Female 0.15 1.03 [-1.92, 2.21] 0.14 0.887 0.17 0.98 [-1.79, 2.12] 0.17 0.865
47 Male 0.10 1.05 [-2.01, 2.20] 0.09 0.927 0.07 1 [-1.92, 2.07] 0.07 0.942
47 Transgender 0.31 1.23 [-2.14, 2.76] 0.25 0.800 0.26 1.16 [-2.06, 2.59] 0.22 0.823
47 Baseline Depression -0.01 0.01 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.65 0.515 -0.01 0.01 [-0.03, 0.02] -0.57 0.572
47 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.16 0.15 [-0.45, 0.14] -1.06 0.294 -0.16 0.14 [-0.44, 0.12] -1.12 0.267
47 Task Engagement (post) 0.10 0.15 [-0.20, 0.40] 0.66 0.515 0.12 0.14 [-0.17, 0.41] 0.83 0.411
48 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.13 0.2 [-0.52, 0.27] -0.63 0.530 0 F (1,81) =0.4 -0.25 0.25 [-0.74, 0.25] -1.01 0.318 0.23 0.23 F (19,57) =0.91 -0.09 0.21 [-0.51, 0.33] -0.44 0.664 0.22 0.22 F (19,54) =0.82 -0.13 0.2 [-0.52, 0.27] -0.63 0.530 0 0 F (1,81) =0.4
48 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.90 1.20 [-1.49, 3.30] 0.76 0.453 0.23 1.01 [-1.79, 2.26] 0.23 0.818
48 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.46 0.50 [-0.54, 1.46] 0.92 0.364 0.29 0.42 [-0.54, 1.13] 0.7 0.488
48 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White -0.35 0.42 [-1.18, 0.49] -0.83 0.412 -0.18 0.35 [-0.88, 0.52] -0.52 0.607
48 Ethnicity: Other 0.53 0.69 [-0.85, 1.91] 0.77 0.446 0.63 0.57 [-0.53, 1.78] 1.09 0.281
48 Age (winsorized) -0.06 0.09 [-0.24, 0.12] -0.68 0.500 0.03 0.08 [-0.13, 0.19] 0.42 0.679
48 Parent Ed: BA -1.32 0.71 [-2.74, 0.11] -1.85 0.069. -0.95 0.6 [-2.15, 0.24] -1.6 0.115
48 Parent Ed: doctoral -1.35 0.84 [-3.03, 0.33] -1.61 0.113 -1 0.7 [-2.41, 0.41] -1.42 0.160
48 Parent Ed: HS -1.90 0.83 [-3.55, -0.25] -2.30 0.025* -1.03 0.73 [-2.50, 0.43] -1.42 0.162
48 Parent Ed: no HS -0.24 1.20 [-2.65, 2.17] -0.20 0.842 -0.42 1 [-2.42, 1.58] -0.42 0.677
48 Parent Ed: MA -1.35 0.72 [-2.80, 0.10] -1.86 0.067. -0.94 0.61 [-2.16, 0.29] -1.54 0.131
48 Parent Ed: JD/MD -1.64 0.98 [-3.59, 0.32] -1.67 0.100 -1.47 0.81 [-3.10, 0.16] -1.8 0.077.
48 Parent Ed: csome college -1.46 0.76 [-2.98, 0.06] -1.93 0.059. -1.23 0.63 [-2.50, 0.04] -1.95 0.057.
48 Female -1.42 1.11 [-3.64, 0.80] -1.28 0.204 -1.03 0.93 [-2.89, 0.82] -1.12 0.269
48 Male -1.75 1.13 [-4.02, 0.51] -1.55 0.127 -1.3 0.95 [-3.20, 0.60] -1.37 0.175
48 Transgender -2.34 1.32 [-4.97, 0.30] -1.77 0.081. -2.04 1.1 [-4.24, 0.16] -1.86 0.068.
48 Baseline Depression -0.01 0.02 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.50 0.616 0 0.01 [-0.03, 0.02] -0.28 0.782
48 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.10 0.16 [-0.42, 0.22] -0.62 0.535 -0.09 0.13 [-0.35, 0.18] -0.66 0.514
48 Task Engagement (post) 0.02 0.16 [-0.31, 0.34] 0.12 0.906 0.06 0.14 [-0.21, 0.33] 0.45 0.655
Orbitofrontal Cortex
56 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training 0.13 0.27 [-0.40, 0.67] 0.5 0.622 0 F (1,81) =0.25 0.23 0.31 [-0.39, 0.86] 0.75 0.454 0.28 0.28 F (19,57) =1.16 0.33 0.29 [-0.25, 0.91] 1.15 0.256 0.19 0.19 F (18,56) =0.72 0.12 0.26 [-0.41, 0.64] 0.45 0.656 0.15 0.15 F (5,75) =2.69
56 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 2.98 1.50 [-0.04, 5.99] 1.98 0.053. [NA, NA] NANA 4.04 1.24 [1.57, 6.51] 3.26 0.002**
56 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.24 0.63 [-1.02, 1.50] 0.38 0.703 0.18 0.58 [-0.99, 1.34] 0.31 0.761 0.16 0.54 [-0.92, 1.24] 0.3 0.766
56 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.37 0.53 [-0.69, 1.42] 0.70 0.487 0.41 0.48 [-0.56, 1.38] 0.85 0.400 0.33 0.47 [-0.61, 1.27] 0.7 0.486
56 Ethnicity: Other 0.84 0.87 [-0.90, 2.58] 0.97 0.337 0.88 0.8 [-0.72, 2.48] 1.1 0.276 1.1 0.79 [-0.47, 2.67] 1.39 0.167
56 Age (winsorized) 0.06 0.11 [-0.17, 0.28] 0.50 0.621 0.03 0.1 [-0.17, 0.24] 0.33 0.740
56 Parent Ed: BA -0.08 0.89 [-1.87, 1.71] -0.09 0.930 0.08 0.83 [-1.58, 1.73] 0.09 0.927
56 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.36 1.06 [-1.75, 2.47] 0.34 0.734 0.3 0.97 [-1.65, 2.25] 0.31 0.757
56 Parent Ed: HS 0.82 1.04 [-1.26, 2.90] 0.79 0.431 0.86 0.96 [-1.06, 2.78] 0.9 0.372
56 Parent Ed: no HS -0.30 1.51 [-3.33, 2.72] -0.20 0.841 -0.31 1.39 [-3.10, 2.49] -0.22 0.827
56 Parent Ed: MA -0.05 0.91 [-1.88, 1.77] -0.06 0.955 -0.05 0.84 [-1.73, 1.63] -0.06 0.951
56 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.45 1.23 [-2.92, 2.01] -0.37 0.716 -0.41 1.13 [-2.69, 1.86] -0.37 0.716
56 Parent Ed: csome college 0.12 0.95 [-1.79, 2.03] 0.13 0.900 0.11 0.88 [-1.65, 1.87] 0.13 0.898
56 Female 0.96 1.39 [-1.83, 3.75] 0.69 0.494 0.99 1.28 [-1.58, 3.57] 0.77 0.443
56 Male 1.47 1.42 [-1.39, 4.32] 1.03 0.308 1.43 1.31 [-1.20, 4.06] 1.09 0.281
56 Transgender 2.12 1.66 [-1.20, 5.44] 1.28 0.206 2.04 1.53 [-1.02, 5.10] 1.34 0.187
56 Baseline Depression -0.02 0.02 [-0.05, 0.02] -0.84 0.407 -0.01 0.02 [-0.05, 0.02] -0.76 0.452
56 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.19 0.20 [-0.59, 0.21] -0.97 0.338 -0.19 0.18 [-0.56, 0.17] -1.05 0.297
56 Task Engagement (post) 0.11 0.20 [-0.30, 0.52] 0.54 0.592 0.14 0.19 [-0.24, 0.52] 0.75 0.455
191 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.13 0.28 [-0.68, 0.42] -0.46 0.643 0 F (1,81) =0.22 -0.06 0.35 [-0.77, 0.65] -0.17 0.867 0.17 0.16 F (19,57) =0.6 0.02 0.28 [-0.54, 0.58] 0.08 0.936 0.24 0.24 F (19,54) =0.89 -0.13 0.28 [-0.68, 0.42] -0.46 0.643 0 0 F (1,81) =0.22
191 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 1.28 1.72 [-2.15, 4.71] 0.75 0.459 2.18 1.37 [-0.58, 4.93] 1.58 0.119
191 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.24 0.72 [-1.20, 1.68] 0.34 0.738 0.5 0.59 [-0.68, 1.68] 0.85 0.399
191 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.44 0.60 [-0.76, 1.64] 0.73 0.468 0.31 0.48 [-0.64, 1.26] 0.66 0.515
191 Ethnicity: Other 1.01 0.99 [-0.97, 2.99] 1.02 0.310 0.9 0.78 [-0.67, 2.46] 1.15 0.257
191 Age (winsorized) -0.10 0.13 [-0.36, 0.15] -0.80 0.427 -0.02 0.1 [-0.22, 0.18] -0.2 0.845
191 Parent Ed: BA 0.30 1.02 [-1.74, 2.34] 0.29 0.769 0.6 0.81 [-1.01, 2.22] 0.75 0.457
191 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.32 1.20 [-2.09, 2.73] 0.27 0.791 0.72 0.95 [-1.19, 2.63] 0.76 0.452
191 Parent Ed: HS 0.66 1.18 [-1.72, 3.03] 0.55 0.582 -0.06 0.95 [-1.97, 1.85] -0.06 0.949
191 Parent Ed: no HS -0.25 1.72 [-3.70, 3.20] -0.15 0.885 -0.37 1.36 [-3.10, 2.35] -0.28 0.784
191 Parent Ed: MA 0.09 1.04 [-1.99, 2.17] 0.08 0.934 0.22 0.82 [-1.42, 1.86] 0.27 0.789
191 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.02 1.40 [-2.79, 2.83] 0.01 0.989 0.29 1.11 [-1.94, 2.51] 0.26 0.798
191 Parent Ed: csome college 0.36 1.09 [-1.81, 2.54] 0.33 0.740 0.34 0.86 [-1.38, 2.06] 0.4 0.693
191 Female 1.71 1.59 [-1.47, 4.90] 1.08 0.285 2.41 1.26 [-0.12, 4.94] 1.91 0.061.
191 Male 1.91 1.62 [-1.34, 5.16] 1.18 0.245 2.74 1.29 [0.15, 5.33] 2.12 0.038*
191 Transgender 2.47 1.89 [-1.32, 6.25] 1.31 0.197 3.11 1.49 [0.12, 6.11] 2.08 0.042*
191 Baseline Depression -0.02 0.02 [-0.07, 0.02] -1.08 0.284 0.01 0.02 [-0.03, 0.04] 0.38 0.708
191 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.26 0.23 [-0.72, 0.19] -1.15 0.255 -0.35 0.18 [-0.71, 0.02] -1.91 0.062.
191 Task Engagement (post) 0.24 0.23 [-0.23, 0.71] 1.03 0.306 0.34 0.19 [-0.04, 0.71] 1.81 0.076.
159 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training 0.41 0.29 [-0.17, 1.00] 1.41 0.162 0.02 F (1,81) =1.99 0.38 0.35 [-0.31, 1.08] 1.10 0.276 0.29 0.26 F (19,57) =1.2 0.6 0.34 [-0.08, 1.28] 1.77 0.082. 0.21 0.19 F (18,56) =0.83 0.41 0.29 [-0.17, 1.00] 1.4 0.166 0.15 0.13 F (5,75) =2.73
159 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 3.49 1.68 [0.14, 6.85] 2.08 0.042* [NA, NA] NANA 3.86 1.38 [1.11, 6.62] 2.79 0.007**
159 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.44 0.70 [-0.97, 1.85] 0.63 0.533 0.47 0.67 [-0.86, 1.81] 0.71 0.482 0.21 0.6 [-0.99, 1.41] 0.35 0.728
159 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.36 0.59 [-0.82, 1.53] 0.61 0.546 0.16 0.56 [-0.97, 1.28] 0.28 0.782 0.19 0.52 [-0.85, 1.24] 0.37 0.711
159 Ethnicity: Other 1.20 0.97 [-0.74, 3.13] 1.24 0.221 1.36 0.92 [-0.48, 3.20] 1.48 0.144 1.35 0.88 [-0.40, 3.10] 1.54 0.129
159 Age (winsorized) 0.08 0.12 [-0.17, 0.32] 0.61 0.544 0.08 0.12 [-0.15, 0.32] 0.69 0.496
159 Parent Ed: BA 0.39 1.00 [-1.61, 2.39] 0.39 0.697 0.05 0.95 [-1.86, 1.96] 0.06 0.955
159 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.68 1.18 [-1.67, 3.04] 0.58 0.563 0.46 1.12 [-1.78, 2.70] 0.41 0.682
159 Parent Ed: HS 1.01 1.16 [-1.31, 3.33] 0.87 0.387 0.98 1.1 [-1.22, 3.18] 0.89 0.376
159 Parent Ed: no HS 0.42 1.68 [-2.95, 3.80] 0.25 0.803 -0.07 1.61 [-3.29, 3.15] -0.04 0.965
159 Parent Ed: MA 0.01 1.02 [-2.02, 2.05] 0.01 0.988 -0.07 0.96 [-2.00, 1.86] -0.07 0.942
159 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.20 1.37 [-2.95, 2.55] -0.15 0.884 -0.4 1.3 [-3.01, 2.21] -0.31 0.759
159 Parent Ed: csome college -0.01 1.06 [-2.14, 2.12] -0.01 0.993 -0.11 1.01 [-2.13, 1.91] -0.11 0.914
159 Female 1.01 1.55 [-2.10, 4.12] 0.65 0.518 0.7 1.48 [-2.26, 3.66] 0.47 0.637
159 Male 1.29 1.59 [-1.88, 4.47] 0.82 0.418 0.74 1.52 [-2.31, 3.78] 0.48 0.630
159 Transgender 1.47 1.85 [-2.23, 5.17] 0.80 0.429 1.51 1.75 [-2.00, 5.02] 0.86 0.392
159 Baseline Depression 0.00 0.02 [-0.04, 0.04] -0.04 0.967 -0.01 0.02 [-0.05, 0.03] -0.58 0.566
159 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.40 0.22 [-0.85, 0.05] -1.80 0.077. -0.16 0.23 [-0.61, 0.30] -0.68 0.502
159 Task Engagement (post) 0.28 0.23 [-0.18, 0.73] 1.22 0.229 0.01 0.24 [-0.47, 0.48] 0.03 0.978
170 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training -0.01 0.23 [-0.48, 0.46] -0.04 0.968 0 F (1,81) =0 -0.14 0.29 [-0.72, 0.43] -0.50 0.616 0.24 0.24 F (19,57) =0.96 -0.08 0.25 [-0.57, 0.41] -0.32 0.748 0.29 0.29 F (19,56) =1.22 -0.19 0.24 [-0.67, 0.29] -0.8 0.427 0.16 0.16 F (6,73) =2.38
170 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 2.33 1.38 [-0.43, 5.09] 1.69 0.097. 2.58 1.19 [0.19, 4.97] 2.17 0.035* 2.89 1.12 [0.65, 5.13] 2.57 0.012*
170 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano 0.26 0.58 [-0.89, 1.42] 0.46 0.649 0.74 0.51 [-0.28, 1.76] 1.45 0.153 0.18 0.49 [-0.80, 1.17] 0.37 0.709
170 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.50 0.48 [-0.47, 1.47] 1.04 0.305 0.51 0.42 [-0.32, 1.35] 1.23 0.224 0.48 0.42 [-0.37, 1.32] 1.13 0.263
170 Ethnicity: Other 1.15 0.80 [-0.44, 2.75] 1.45 0.152 1.13 0.69 [-0.25, 2.51] 1.65 0.105 1.1 0.71 [-0.32, 2.51] 1.55 0.126
170 Age (winsorized) -0.01 0.10 [-0.21, 0.20] -0.07 0.942 0.01 0.09 [-0.17, 0.18] 0.06 0.954
170 Parent Ed: BA 0.05 0.82 [-1.59, 1.70] 0.07 0.947 0.21 0.71 [-1.21, 1.63] 0.3 0.764
170 Parent Ed: doctoral 0.14 0.97 [-1.80, 2.08] 0.15 0.885 0.27 0.84 [-1.40, 1.95] 0.33 0.746
170 Parent Ed: HS 0.57 0.95 [-1.34, 2.47] 0.59 0.555 0.35 0.82 [-1.30, 2.00] 0.42 0.673
170 Parent Ed: no HS 1.07 1.39 [-1.70, 3.85] 0.77 0.442 1.04 1.2 [-1.36, 3.44] 0.87 0.388
170 Parent Ed: MA 0.13 0.84 [-1.54, 1.81] 0.16 0.875 0.13 0.72 [-1.32, 1.57] 0.17 0.863
170 Parent Ed: JD/MD -0.03 1.13 [-2.29, 2.23] -0.03 0.978 0.11 0.98 [-1.85, 2.06] 0.11 0.914
170 Parent Ed: csome college -0.25 0.88 [-2.00, 1.51] -0.28 0.778 -0.31 0.76 [-1.83, 1.20] -0.42 0.678
170 Female -0.34 1.28 [-2.90, 2.22] -0.26 0.792 -0.11 1.11 [-2.33, 2.10] -0.1 0.920
170 Male -0.29 1.31 [-2.91, 2.32] -0.23 0.823 0.08 1.13 [-2.19, 2.34] 0.07 0.946
170 Transgender -0.13 1.52 [-3.17, 2.92] -0.08 0.934 0.12 1.31 [-2.52, 2.75] 0.09 0.929
170 Baseline Depression -0.03 0.02 [-0.06, 0.01] -1.58 0.119 -0.01 0.02 [-0.05, 0.02] -0.95 0.347
170 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.28 0.18 [-0.65, 0.09] -1.53 0.131 -0.3 0.16 [-0.62, 0.02] -1.9 0.062. -0.15 0.07 [-0.29, -0.02] -2.27 0.026*
170 Task Engagement (post) 0.16 0.19 [-0.22, 0.54] 0.85 0.396 0.16 0.16 [-0.16, 0.49] 1 0.320
65 PPN Course + Mindful Self-reflection Training 0.05 0.23 [-0.41, 0.50] 0.21 0.836 0 F (1,81) =0.04 0.11 0.28 [-0.46, 0.68] 0.38 0.702 0.2 0.2 F (19,57) =0.74 0.18 0.23 [-0.29, 0.65] 0.77 0.445 0.22 0.21 F (19,56) =0.81 0.05 0.23 [-0.41, 0.50] 0.21 0.836 0 0 F (1,81) =0.04
65 Ethnicity: Indigenous/Native American or Native Alaskan 0.97 1.37 [-1.78, 3.72] 0.71 0.483 1.25 1.13 [-1.02, 3.52] 1.11 0.274
65 Ethnicity: Latinx/Hispanic/Chicano -0.17 0.58 [-1.32, 0.98] -0.29 0.771 0.36 0.48 [-0.61, 1.33] 0.74 0.463
65 Ethnicity: Non-hispanic White 0.39 0.48 [-0.57, 1.35] 0.81 0.423 0.4 0.4 [-0.39, 1.20] 1.02 0.314
65 Ethnicity: Other 1.33 0.79 [-0.25, 2.92] 1.68 0.098. 1.31 0.65 [0.00, 2.62] 2 0.050*
65 Age (winsorized) 0.07 0.10 [-0.13, 0.27] 0.67 0.503 0.08 0.08 [-0.09, 0.25] 0.99 0.329
65 Parent Ed: BA -0.16 0.82 [-1.80, 1.48] -0.19 0.846 0.02 0.67 [-1.33, 1.37] 0.03 0.979
65 Parent Ed: doctoral -0.31 0.96 [-2.24, 1.62] -0.32 0.750 -0.16 0.79 [-1.75, 1.43] -0.2 0.839
65 Parent Ed: HS 0.90 0.95 [-1.00, 2.80] 0.95 0.348 0.66 0.78 [-0.91, 2.23] 0.84 0.404
65 Parent Ed: no HS 0.29 1.38 [-2.48, 3.06] 0.21 0.835 0.25 1.14 [-2.03, 2.53] 0.22 0.824
65 Parent Ed: MA 0.04 0.83 [-1.63, 1.71] 0.05 0.963 0.03 0.69 [-1.34, 1.40] 0.05 0.964
65 Parent Ed: JD/MD 0.13 1.12 [-2.12, 2.38] 0.12 0.908 0.28 0.93 [-1.57, 2.14] 0.31 0.761
65 Parent Ed: csome college 0.10 0.87 [-1.65, 1.84] 0.11 0.911 0.02 0.72 [-1.42, 1.46] 0.03 0.975
65 Female -1.14 1.27 [-3.69, 1.42] -0.89 0.376 -0.88 1.05 [-2.99, 1.22] -0.84 0.404
65 Male -1.20 1.30 [-3.81, 1.40] -0.92 0.359 -0.79 1.07 [-2.94, 1.36] -0.74 0.465
65 Transgender -0.72 1.51 [-3.76, 2.31] -0.48 0.635 -0.45 1.25 [-2.95, 2.05] -0.36 0.718
65 Baseline Depression -0.02 0.02 [-0.06, 0.01] -1.28 0.206 -0.01 0.01 [-0.04, 0.02] -0.53 0.599
65 Task Engagement (baseline) -0.02 0.18 [-0.39, 0.34] -0.12 0.906 -0.04 0.15 [-0.35, 0.26] -0.3 0.766
65 Task Engagement (post) -0.04 0.19 [-0.41, 0.34] -0.19 0.852 -0.03 0.15 [-0.34, 0.28] -0.21 0.832
Note:
*** p < .001, ** p < .01, * p < .05, . < .10.