Set the working directory to the location where your data file is located

setwd("C:/Users/MCuser/Desktop/data")

Load the necessary libraries

library(dplyr)
## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
library(ggplot2)

Load the dataset

nations <- read.csv("nations.csv")

Mutate the data to calculate GDP in trillions of dollars

nations <- nations %>%
  mutate(GDP_trillions = gdp_percap * population / 1e12)

First chart: GDP over time for selected countries

selected_countries <- c("China", "United States", "India", "Japan")
chart1_data <- nations %>%
  filter(country %in% selected_countries)

chart1 <- ggplot(chart1_data, aes(x = year, y = GDP_trillions, color = country)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_line() +
  scale_color_brewer(palette = "Set1") +
  labs(title = "GDP Over Time for Selected Countries",
       x = "Year",
       y = "GDP (Trillions of Dollars)",
       caption = "Source: Nations dataset")

Second chart: GDP by region over time

chart2_data <- nations %>%
  group_by(region, year) %>%
  summarise(GDP = sum(gdp_percap * population / 1e12, na.rm = TRUE))
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'region'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
chart2 <- ggplot(chart2_data, aes(x = year, y = GDP, fill = region)) +
  geom_area(color = "white", size = 0.5) +
  scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set2") +
  labs(title = "GDP by Region Over Time",
       x = "Year",
       y = "GDP (Trillions of Dollars)",
       caption = "Source: Nations dataset")
## Warning: Using `size` aesthetic for lines was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
## ℹ Please use `linewidth` instead.
## This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
## Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
## generated.