Finalproject.Rmd
2024-04-21
library(ggplot2)
library(corrplot)## Warning: package 'corrplot' was built under R version 4.3.3## corrplot 0.92 loadedlibrary(lindia)1. Reading the data:
data <- read.csv ("C:\\Users\\varsh\\OneDrive\\Desktop\\Gitstuff\\age_gaps.CSV")2. About the Data-
| variable | class | description |
|---|---|---|
| movie_name | character | Name of the film |
| release_year | integer | Release year |
| director | character | Director of the film |
| age_difference | integer | Age difference between the characters in whole years |
| couple_number | integer | An identifier for the couple in case multiple couples are listed for this film |
| actor_1_name | character | The name of the older actor in this couple |
| actor_2_name | character | The name of the younger actor in this couple |
| character_1_gender | character | The gender of the older character, as identified by the person who submitted the data for this couple |
| character_2_gender | character | The gender of the younger character, as identified by the person who submitted the data for this couple |
| actor_1_birthdate | date | The birthdate of the older member of the couple |
| actor_2_birthdate | date | The birthdate of the younger member of the couple |
| actor_1_age | integer | The age of the older actor when the film was released |
| actor_2_age | integer | The age of the younger actor when the film was released |
3. Describing the data:
summary(data)## movie_name release_year director age_difference
## Length:1155 Min. :1935 Length:1155 Min. : 0.00
## Class :character 1st Qu.:1997 Class :character 1st Qu.: 4.00
## Mode :character Median :2004 Mode :character Median : 8.00
## Mean :2001 Mean :10.42
## 3rd Qu.:2012 3rd Qu.:15.00
## Max. :2022 Max. :52.00
## couple_number actor_1_name actor_2_name character_1_gender
## Min. :1.000 Length:1155 Length:1155 Length:1155
## 1st Qu.:1.000 Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Median :1.000 Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean :1.398
## 3rd Qu.:2.000
## Max. :7.000
## character_2_gender actor_1_birthdate actor_2_birthdate actor_1_age
## Length:1155 Length:1155 Length:1155 Min. :18.00
## Class :character Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:33.00
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character Median :39.00
## Mean :40.64
## 3rd Qu.:47.00
## Max. :81.00
## actor_2_age
## Min. :17.00
## 1st Qu.:25.00
## Median :29.00
## Mean :30.21
## 3rd Qu.:34.00
## Max. :68.00Release Year:
The dataset contains movies released between 1935 and 2022.
The median release year is 2004, indicating that the dataset has a relatively recent focus.
Age Difference:
The age difference between couples in the movies ranges from 0 to 52 years, with a median of 8 years.
The mean age difference is 10.42 years, suggesting that, on average, there’s a significant age gap between the couples in the movies.
Couple Number:
The number of couples varies from 1 to 7, with a median of 1.
This indicates that most of the movies in the dataset focus on one couple.
Actor Ages:
Actor 1’s age ranges from 18 to 81 years, with a median age of 39.
Actor 2’s age ranges from 17 to 68 years, with a median age of 29.
On average, Actor 1 tends to be older than Actor 2.
Gender:
The dataset includes couples with various gender combinations (man-woman, man-man, woman-woman).
However, it seems that the majority of couples are composed of a man and a woman.
4. Exploratory Data Analysis:
1. Histogram of Age Difference:
This will show the distributions of age difference between the couples.
# Histogram of Age Difference
ggplot(data, aes(x = age_difference)) +
geom_histogram(binwidth = 5, fill = "skyblue", color = "black") +
labs(title = "Histogram of Age Difference Between Romantic Partners",
x = "Age Difference",
y = "Frequency") +
theme_minimal()
Inferences-
From the above plot we can see that this is not a normal distribution and this is skewed towards the right that is towards the higher age difference.
This means that there are more instances of larger age differences compared to smaller ones.
And we can also observe that majority of the age difference lies between 5-20 years, couples with age differences in this range are quite common.
Couples with smaller age differences (closer to 0) are less common, while those with larger age differences are more prevalent.
2. Boxplot of Age Difference by Gender:
This will help visualize how age differences vary between different gender combinations of couples.
ggplot(data, aes(x = character_1_gender, y = age_difference, fill = character_1_gender)) +
geom_boxplot() +
labs(title = "Boxplot of Age Difference by Gender",
x = "Character 1 Gender",
y = "Age Difference") +
theme_minimal()
Inferences-
The boxplot visually represents the distribution of age differences between romantic partners based on the gender of Character 1.
We have two categories for Character 1 gender: “Man” and “Woman.”
As we can see from the above plot when the character 1 gender is a man then the distribution is a lot bigger than it is a woman.
And when character 1 gender is a man the outlier value are higher than when character 1 gender is a woman.
3. Barplot of Release Year:
A barplot will help show the frequency of movies released in each year, providing an overview of the temporal distribution of the dataset.
ggplot(data, aes(x = factor(release_year))) +
geom_bar(fill = "darkorange") +
labs(title = "Barplot of Release Year",
x = "Release Year",
y = "Count") +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1))
Inference-
The barplot shows the distribution of movie releases across different years.
From the above plot it is clear that most of the movies were released between 1995 to 2019.
Also, the maximum number of films were released in the years 1998 and 2001 with the count of 50.
The overall trend suggests that movie production has been relatively consistent over the years, with fluctuations around specific periods.
4. Pie Chart of Gender Composition:
This pie chart can illustrate the proportion of different gender combinations of romantic couples in the dataset.
gender_counts <- table(data$character_1_gender, data$character_2_gender)
pie(gender_counts, labels = c("Woman-Woman", "Man-Man", "Man-Woman"), main = "Gender Composition of Romantic Couples", col = c("skyblue", "orange", "pink"))
Inferences-
From the above chart we can see that majority of the romantic couples in the dataset are heterosexual.
This aligns with societal norms and historical representations in media.
All though majority are heterosexual, there seems to be a rise in homosexual movies aswell.
The rise in representation of same-sex couples reflects a positive shift toward diversity and inclusivity in media.
5. Scatterplot of Actor Ages:
Scatterplot can be used to visualize the relationship between the ages of Actor 1 and Actor 2, possibly highlighting any patterns or trends.
ggplot(data, aes(x = actor_1_age, y = actor_2_age, color = character_1_gender)) +
geom_point() +
labs(title = "Scatterplot of Actor Ages",
x = "Actor 1 Age",
y = "Actor 2 Age") +
theme_minimal()
Inferences-
The scatterplot displays the relationship between the ages of two actors in romantic couples.
Each point represents a pair of actors, with their ages on the x-axis (Actor 1) and y-axis (Actor 2).
There seems to be an abnormally lot of couples whose age difference is more than 50. These extreme cases could involve significant generational gaps or unique casting choices.
But majority of age difference of the two actors lies in the range of 5-20 years.
This scatterplot allows us to explore the diversity of age dynamics in movie couples.
6. Correlation Matrix-
numeric_df <- data[, sapply(data, is.numeric)]
correlation_matrix <- cor(numeric_df)
print(correlation_matrix)## release_year age_difference couple_number actor_1_age
## release_year 1.00000000 -0.2043065 0.02880378 -0.01687673
## age_difference -0.20430653 1.0000000 -0.24577787 0.70396310
## couple_number 0.02880378 -0.2457779 1.00000000 -0.10008828
## actor_1_age -0.01687673 0.7039631 -0.10008828 1.00000000
## actor_2_age 0.20850512 -0.1564648 0.13987535 0.59134351
## actor_2_age
## release_year 0.2085051
## age_difference -0.1564648
## couple_number 0.1398754
## actor_1_age 0.5913435
## actor_2_age 1.0000000corrplot(correlation_matrix, method = "color", type = "upper", order = "hclust",
tl.col = "black", tl.srt = 45, tl.cex = 0.8,
addCoef.col = "black", number.cex = 0.7)
Inferences-
Each cell in a correlation matrix represents the relationship between two variables, ranging from -1 to 1.
A positive correlation coefficient (close to 1) indicates that as one variable increases, the other tends to increase as well.
A negative correlation coefficient (close to -1) suggests that as one variable increases, the other tends to decrease.
age_difference has a strong positive correlation with actor_1_age, and a very weak correlation with actor_2_age.
So this means that the movie is made making the actor_1 the priority and actor_2 as the secondary priority.
7. Checking for directors who cast actors with huge age differences.
director_age_diff <- aggregate(age_difference ~ director, data = data, FUN = mean)
director_age_diff <- director_age_diff[order(-director_age_diff$age_difference), ]
head(director_age_diff)## director age_difference
## 165 Hal Ashby 52
## 252 Katt Shea 42
## 229 Jon Amiel 39
## 174 Irving Pichel 36
## 442 Sofia Coppola 34
## 90 Daniel Petrie 33top_ten_directors <- head(director_age_diff, 10)
barplot(top_ten_directors$age_difference,
names.arg = top_ten_directors$director,
main = "Mean Age Difference by Director (Top 10)",
xlab = "Director",
ylab = "Mean Age Difference",
col = "skyblue",
ylim = c(0, max(top_ten_directors$age_difference) + 5),
las = 2)
text(x = 1:10, y = top_ten_directors$age_difference + 1, labels = round(top_ten_directors$age_difference, 2), pos = 3)
abline(h = 0, lty = 2)
par(las=2)
legend("topright", legend = "Mean Age Difference", fill = "skyblue")
Inferences-
From the above we can see that the age descrepencies in movies directed by Hal Ashby is very high with and age difference of 52 years.
This is highly significant, suggesting that Ashby intentionally cast actors with long age differences.
And there seem to be lot of directors who cast actors whose age difference is more than 30.
The fact that numerous directors show this trend suggests that it is not a singular event but rather a repeating pattern in certain films.
5. Modeling-
Model-1
Here age_difference is the response variable and release_year is the explanatory variable.
lm_model <- lm(age_difference ~ release_year, data = data)
summary(lm_model)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = age_difference ~ release_year, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -16.203 -6.531 -2.022 4.844 40.128
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 223.00941 29.99798 7.434 2.05e-13 ***
## release_year -0.10625 0.01499 -7.087 2.38e-12 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 8.335 on 1153 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04174, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04091
## F-statistic: 50.22 on 1 and 1153 DF, p-value: 2.384e-12ggplot(data, aes(x = release_year, y = age_difference)) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = FALSE, color = "blue") +
labs(title = "Scatter Plot of Age Difference vs. Release Year",
x = "Release Year",
y = "Age Difference") +
theme_minimal()## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
Inferences-
As we can see the linear regresion model between the two variables age_difference and release_year is a very bad model.
Also, it has a very low adjusted r square value which is more of a proof that it is a bad model.
Let’s try a GLM with a quadratic equation, to see if this model fits better.
Model-1 GLM
model <- lm(age_difference ~ I(release_year ^ 2) + release_year,
data)
rsquared <- summary(model)$r.squared
data |>
ggplot(mapping = aes(x = age_difference ^ 2,
y = release_year)) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth(method = 'lm', color = 'gray', linetype = 'dashed',
se = FALSE) +
geom_smooth(se = FALSE) +
labs(title = "Price vs. (Price Per Sq. Ft.) ^ 2",
subtitle = paste("Linear Fit R-Squared =", round(rsquared, 3))) +
theme_classic()## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'gam' and formula = 'y ~ s(x, bs = "cs")'
summary(model)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = age_difference ~ I(release_year^2) + release_year,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -17.965 -6.511 -2.048 4.918 40.211
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3.694e+03 2.516e+03 1.469 0.142
## I(release_year^2) 8.796e-04 6.374e-04 1.380 0.168
## release_year -3.601e+00 2.533e+00 -1.422 0.155
##
## Residual standard error: 8.332 on 1152 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04332, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04166
## F-statistic: 26.08 on 2 and 1152 DF, p-value: 8.336e-12Inferences:
- Even this GLM seems to be a bad model as it has very low R-Squared value, a bit higher than our previous model but still bad.
- Let’s consider some other variables.
Model-2
lm_model <- lm(age_difference ~ actor_1_age, data)ggplot(data, aes(x = actor_1_age, y = age_difference)) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = FALSE, color = "blue") +
labs(title = "Scatter Plot of Age Difference vs. actor 1 age",
x = "Release Year",
y = "Age Difference") +
theme_minimal()## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
summary(lm_model)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = age_difference ~ actor_1_age, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -25.302 -3.886 -0.059 3.988 22.273
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -12.93178 0.71642 -18.05 <2e-16 ***
## actor_1_age 0.57477 0.01708 33.66 <2e-16 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 6.048 on 1153 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4956, Adjusted R-squared: 0.4951
## F-statistic: 1133 on 1 and 1153 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16Inferences:
- This model is a better model.
- The actor_1_age has an intercept of 0.57 which means that the values of age_difference increase 0.57 times for every unit increase in actor_1_age.
- This is a better model but let’s search for an even better model.
Model -3
model <- lm(age_difference ~ actor_1_age + director, data)summary(model)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = age_difference ~ actor_1_age + director, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -21.005 -2.001 0.000 2.058 16.221
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -7.46283 5.79137 -1.289 0.1980
## actor_1_age 0.55224 0.02441 22.627 <2e-16
## directorAdam McKay -7.40801 6.64601 -1.115 0.2654
## directorAdam Nee, Aaron Nee -8.56731 8.16591 -1.049 0.2945
## directorAdam Shankman -3.75753 6.43945 -0.584 0.5597
## directorAdrian Lyne -3.81849 6.22345 -0.614 0.5397
## directorAlan Parker 3.13429 8.13481 0.385 0.7001
## directorAlan Shapiro -2.65673 7.04378 -0.377 0.7062
## directorAlejandro Agresti -15.73141 8.14019 -1.933 0.0537
## directorAlejandro González Iñárritu 1.61186 8.14359 0.198 0.8432
## directorAlex Garland -7.19904 6.64278 -1.084 0.2789
## directorAlex Kurtzman -0.91058 8.15967 -0.112 0.9112
## directorAlfonso Arau -5.65673 7.04378 -0.803 0.4222
## directorAlfonso Cuarón -1.15673 7.04378 -0.164 0.8696
## directorAlfred Hitchcock 2.19180 6.16651 0.355 0.7224
## directorAmy Heckerling -5.00377 6.43215 -0.778 0.4369
## directorAnand Tucker -4.48886 6.43611 -0.697 0.4858
## directorAndrew Davis 2.50737 7.05865 0.355 0.7225
## directorAndrew Niccol -6.64183 7.04578 -0.943 0.3462
## directorAndy Cadiff -0.89551 8.13316 -0.110 0.9124
## directorAndy Serkis -10.31346 8.13434 -1.268 0.2053
## directorAndy Tennant -4.29257 6.30129 -0.681 0.4960
## directorAng Lee -4.47550 6.14919 -0.728 0.4670
## directorAngela Robinson -7.63686 6.64421 -1.149 0.2508
## directorAnne Fletcher -5.62693 6.64704 -0.847 0.3976
## directorAnthony Minghella -8.91795 7.04611 -1.266 0.2061
## directorAntoine Fuqua 3.94022 7.05355 0.559 0.5766
## directorAnton Corbijn -4.59712 8.14915 -0.564 0.5729
## directorAntony Hoffman -7.17917 8.13920 -0.882 0.3781
## directorAri Aster -3.44776 8.13305 -0.424 0.6718
## directorArthur Hiller -7.65673 8.13335 -0.941 0.3469
## directorAtom Egoyan -5.30609 7.06978 -0.751 0.4532
## directorAutumn de Wilde 0.02981 8.13598 0.004 0.9971
## directorAva DuVernay -12.17917 8.13920 -1.496 0.1351
## directorBaltasar Kormákur -5.20898 8.13360 -0.640 0.5221
## directorBarbet Schroeder -6.94039 8.14487 -0.852 0.3945
## directorBarry Levinson -1.35834 8.15774 -0.167 0.8678
## directorBarry Sonnenfeld -11.01507 8.16376 -1.349 0.1777
## directorBaz Luhrmann -6.06346 6.43138 -0.943 0.3461
## directorBen Stiller -6.25876 6.64634 -0.942 0.3467
## directorBen Younger -3.86571 8.13481 -0.475 0.6348
## directorBernardo Bertolucci 8.95512 8.14765 1.099 0.2721
## directorBernie Goldmann, Melisa Wallack -8.07468 7.04851 -1.146 0.2524
## directorBetty Thomas -1.28366 8.14125 -0.158 0.8748
## directorBill Condon -2.17917 6.64816 -0.328 0.7432
## directorBill Purple -8.73141 8.14019 -1.073 0.2838
## directorBille Woodruff -1.55224 8.13305 -0.191 0.8487
## directorBilly Bob Thornton -5.10449 8.13316 -0.628 0.5305
## directorBilly Crystal -11.49263 8.14623 -1.411 0.1588
## directorBilly Wilder 2.83573 7.05634 0.402 0.6879
## directorBlake Edwards -9.76122 8.13393 -1.200 0.2306
## directorBoaz Yakin -0.36571 7.04547 -0.052 0.9586
## directorBobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly -5.28064 6.30381 -0.838 0.4025
## directorBobcat Goldthwait 0.43269 8.16591 0.053 0.9578
## directorBonnie Hunt -4.62693 8.13829 -0.569 0.5699
## directorBoots Riley -3.86571 8.13481 -0.475 0.6348
## directorBrad Silberling -9.97019 8.13598 -1.225 0.2209
## directorBradley Cooper -5.28366 8.14125 -0.649 0.5166
## directorBrian De Palma 1.71634 8.14125 0.211 0.8331
## directorBrian Helgeland -4.10449 7.04357 -0.583 0.5603
## directorBrian Levant -3.31346 8.13434 -0.407 0.6839
## directorBrian Robbins -8.33590 7.05422 -1.182 0.2378
## directorBruce Joel Rubin 0.26859 8.14019 0.033 0.9737
## directorBruce Robinson 2.83573 7.05634 0.402 0.6879
## directorBryan Singer -3.64928 6.43099 -0.567 0.5706
## directorCameron Crowe -3.91050 6.43458 -0.608 0.5436
## directorCarl Rinsch -2.59712 8.14915 -0.319 0.7501
## directorCary Fukunaga 0.68654 8.13434 0.084 0.9328
## directorCatherine Hardwicke -4.49551 6.30000 -0.714 0.4757
## directorChad Stahelski -13.14936 8.15072 -1.613 0.1072
## directorCharles Shyer 4.19391 8.15587 0.514 0.6073
## directorCharles Walters 1.50737 7.05865 0.214 0.8310
## directorCharlie Chaplin 1.40288 7.06202 0.199 0.8426
## directorChen Kaige -10.20898 8.13360 -1.255 0.2099
## directorChris Columbus -9.01005 6.65732 -1.353 0.1764
## directorChris Rock -7.73141 7.05168 -1.096 0.2733
## directorChris Wedge -7.00000 8.13302 -0.861 0.3897
## directorChris Weitz -1.02981 8.13598 -0.127 0.8993
## directorChristopher Nolan -4.40728 6.14999 -0.717 0.4739
## directorChuck Russell -0.20898 8.13360 -0.026 0.9795
## directorClint Eastwood -8.75385 7.06771 -1.239 0.2160
## directorColin Higgins -7.94039 8.14487 -0.975 0.3300
## directorColin Trevorrow -10.41795 8.13536 -1.281 0.2008
## directorCourtney Hunt -14.01507 7.07887 -1.980 0.0481
## directorCraig Brewer -11.41795 8.13536 -1.403 0.1610
## directorCraig Gillespie -3.86571 8.13481 -0.475 0.6348
## directorCurtis Hanson -8.76875 7.05946 -1.242 0.2146
## directorDagen Merrill -2.34327 8.13335 -0.288 0.7734
## directorDamien Chazelle -9.52244 8.13668 -1.170 0.2423
## directorDan Kwan, Daniel Scheinert -16.67180 8.17043 -2.041 0.0417
## directorDaniel Petrie 9.53717 8.16168 1.169 0.2430
## directorDanny Boyle -3.57314 6.29990 -0.567 0.5708
## directorDanny DeVito -6.28366 8.14125 -0.772 0.4405
## directorDarren Aronofsky -9.78366 7.05291 -1.387 0.1659
## directorDavid Ayer 1.26859 6.64937 0.191 0.8488
## directorDavid Cronenberg -9.49263 8.14623 -1.165 0.2443
## directorDavid Dobkin -6.63438 6.43412 -1.031 0.3029
## directorDavid Fincher -5.29858 6.07192 -0.873 0.3832
## directorDavid Frankel -1.53734 7.04468 -0.218 0.8273
## directorDavid Koepp 0.22371 8.17524 0.027 0.9782
## directorDavid Leitch -0.37324 7.06292 -0.053 0.9579
## directorDavid Lowery -10.52244 8.13668 -1.293 0.1964
## directorDavid Mamet -8.41795 8.13536 -1.035 0.3012
## directorDavid McNally -4.44776 8.13305 -0.547 0.5847
## directorDavid Mirkin -8.45529 7.05110 -1.199 0.2309
## directorDavid O. Russell -2.45975 6.30347 -0.390 0.6965
## directorDavid Yates -5.89060 6.64568 -0.886 0.3757
## directorDavid Zucker -7.77629 8.17524 -0.951 0.3419
## directorDax Shepard -10.73141 8.14019 -1.318 0.1879
## directorDelmer Daves 5.95512 8.14765 0.731 0.4651
## directorDemian Lichtenstein -7.14936 8.15072 -0.877 0.3807
## directorDenise Di Novi -13.12693 7.04949 -1.862 0.0630
## directorDennis Dugan -5.46938 6.06806 -0.901 0.3677
## directorDerek Cianfrance -6.08958 7.04519 -0.864 0.3877
## directorDewey Nicks -4.73878 7.04446 -0.673 0.5014
## directorDome Karukoski -9.10449 8.13316 -1.119 0.2634
## directorDon Michael Paul 4.88044 8.16813 0.597 0.5504
## directorDonald Petrie -6.64183 7.04578 -0.943 0.3462
## directorDoug Liman -3.39808 6.64937 -0.511 0.6095
## directorDouglas McGrath -8.95529 7.05110 -1.270 0.2045
## directorDuncan Jones -7.86571 8.13481 -0.967 0.3339
## directorDustin Lance Black -3.35080 7.04899 -0.475 0.6347
## directorEdgar Wright -0.97019 7.04682 -0.138 0.8905
## directorEdward Zwick -7.10449 8.13316 -0.874 0.3827
## directorEli Roth 1.29839 6.66426 0.195 0.8456
## directorElio Petri -3.17917 8.13920 -0.391 0.6962
## directorEmile Ardolino -7.24883 6.64979 -1.090 0.2761
## directorEric Bress, J. Mackye Gruber -6.00000 8.13302 -0.738 0.4609
## directorEric Brevig -5.49263 8.14623 -0.674 0.5004
## directorEricson Core -8.86571 8.13481 -1.090 0.2762
## directorF. Gary Gray -6.05224 7.04344 -0.859 0.3905
## directorFederico Fellini -4.42436 6.15369 -0.719 0.4724
## directorFernando Meirelles -8.28366 8.14125 -1.017 0.3093
## directorFranc. Reyes -8.58958 7.04519 -1.219 0.2232
## directorFrancis Ford Coppola -6.42789 6.64170 -0.968 0.3335
## directorFrancis Lawrence -3.58958 6.43167 -0.558 0.5770
## directorFrank Capra -3.04488 7.06029 -0.431 0.6664
## directorFrank Coraci -3.68163 6.64257 -0.554 0.5796
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## directorJosh Radnor 1.47756 8.13668 0.182 0.8560
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## directorLee Toland Krieger -5.15673 7.04378 -0.732 0.4644
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## directorLouis Malle -0.83590 8.14239 -0.103 0.9183
## directorLuc Besson 4.26859 8.14019 0.524 0.6002
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## directorLuis Mandoki -8.03985 6.64537 -1.210 0.2268
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## directorSpike Lee -4.41795 8.13536 -0.543 0.5873
## directorStanley Donen 2.65657 7.08263 0.375 0.7077
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## directorStephen Daldry 4.23878 8.13393 0.521 0.6025
## directorStephen Roberts 2.71634 8.14125 0.334 0.7388
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## directorStephen T. Kay -6.00000 8.13302 -0.738 0.4609
## directorSteve Buscemi 2.92532 8.13745 0.359 0.7193
## directorSteve Kloves -5.62693 8.13829 -0.691 0.4896
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## directorSteven Brill -8.36571 7.04547 -1.187 0.2355
## directorSteven Shainberg 1.26859 8.14019 0.156 0.8762
## directorSteven Soderbergh -5.84186 6.30933 -0.926 0.3548
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## directorSylvain White -5.89551 8.13316 -0.725 0.4688
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## directorTate Taylor -3.78366 6.44013 -0.588 0.5571
## directorTaylor Hackford -5.00502 6.64477 -0.753 0.4516
## directorTed Demme -2.52244 8.13668 -0.310 0.7567
## directorTerence Young -2.23718 6.06418 -0.369 0.7123
## directorTerry George -7.47019 7.04682 -1.060 0.2895
## directorTerry Zwigoff -7.04488 8.14765 -0.865 0.3876
## directorThea Sharrock -7.60449 7.04357 -1.080 0.2807
## directorTheodore Melfi -11.91058 7.07416 -1.684 0.0927
## directorThomas Bezucha -10.87073 6.22500 -1.746 0.0812
## directorThomas Carter 1.34327 8.13335 0.165 0.8689
## directorTim Burton -1.55727 6.21715 -0.250 0.8023
## directorTim Miller -11.62693 8.13829 -1.429 0.1536
## directorTim Story -7.31346 7.04492 -1.038 0.2996
## directorTimur Bekmambetov -10.41795 8.13536 -1.281 0.2008
## directorTodd Haynes -1.94039 8.14487 -0.238 0.8118
## directorTodd Phillips -4.27244 6.43435 -0.664 0.5069
## directorTom Ford 3.90288 7.06202 0.553 0.5807
## directorTom Hanks -3.75128 6.64345 -0.565 0.5725
## directorTom Hooper -11.06475 6.64937 -1.664 0.0966
## directorTom Shadyac -6.33339 6.21767 -1.019 0.3088
## directorTommy Lee Wallace 5.50737 8.14623 0.676 0.4992
## directorTony Goldwyn -8.74632 7.04722 -1.241 0.2150
## directorTony Scott -1.71648 6.30639 -0.272 0.7856
## directorTyler Perry -11.86571 8.13481 -1.459 0.1452
## directorundefined 0.05593 6.43306 0.009 0.9931
## directorValerio Zurlini -2.23878 8.13393 -0.275 0.7832
## directorVictor Fleming -1.52244 8.13668 -0.187 0.8516
## directorVictor Levin -15.35834 8.15774 -1.883 0.0602
## directorVincent Gallo 6.02981 8.13598 0.741 0.4589
## directorVincente Minnelli 4.92532 8.13745 0.605 0.5452
## directorWally Pfister -1.70161 8.15237 -0.209 0.8347
## directorWarren Beatty 2.77596 8.17280 0.340 0.7342
## directorWayne Kramer -4.80609 8.15587 -0.589 0.5559
## directorWayne Wang -9.57468 7.04851 -1.358 0.1748
## directorWes Anderson -6.68071 6.32391 -1.056 0.2912
## directorWill Gluck -6.99006 6.64099 -1.053 0.2929
## directorWilliam A. Wellman -5.62693 8.13829 -0.691 0.4896
## directorWilliam Friedkin 4.26859 8.14019 0.524 0.6002
## directorWilliam Wyler 0.02981 8.13598 0.004 0.9971
## directorWolfgang Petersen -3.08958 7.04519 -0.439 0.6611
## directorWoody Allen 0.33198 5.91603 0.056 0.9553
## directorYann Samuell -7.10449 8.13316 -0.874 0.3827
## directorYorgos Lanthimos -10.30978 6.44083 -1.601 0.1099
## directorZach Braff -2.55224 8.13305 -0.314 0.7538
## directorZack Snyder -9.72148 6.65353 -1.461 0.1445
##
## (Intercept)
## actor_1_age ***
## directorAdam McKay
## directorAdam Nee, Aaron Nee
## directorAdam Shankman
## directorAdrian Lyne
## directorAlan Parker
## directorAlan Shapiro
## directorAlejandro Agresti .
## directorAlejandro González Iñárritu
## directorAlex Garland
## directorAlex Kurtzman
## directorAlfonso Arau
## directorAlfonso Cuarón
## directorAlfred Hitchcock
## directorAmy Heckerling
## directorAnand Tucker
## directorAndrew Davis
## directorAndrew Niccol
## directorAndy Cadiff
## directorAndy Serkis
## directorAndy Tennant
## directorAng Lee
## directorAngela Robinson
## directorAnne Fletcher
## directorAnthony Minghella
## directorAntoine Fuqua
## directorAnton Corbijn
## directorAntony Hoffman
## directorAri Aster
## directorArthur Hiller
## directorAtom Egoyan
## directorAutumn de Wilde
## directorAva DuVernay
## directorBaltasar Kormákur
## directorBarbet Schroeder
## directorBarry Levinson
## directorBarry Sonnenfeld
## directorBaz Luhrmann
## directorBen Stiller
## directorBen Younger
## directorBernardo Bertolucci
## directorBernie Goldmann, Melisa Wallack
## directorBetty Thomas
## directorBill Condon
## directorBill Purple
## directorBille Woodruff
## directorBilly Bob Thornton
## directorBilly Crystal
## directorBilly Wilder
## directorBlake Edwards
## directorBoaz Yakin
## directorBobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly
## directorBobcat Goldthwait
## directorBonnie Hunt
## directorBoots Riley
## directorBrad Silberling
## directorBradley Cooper
## directorBrian De Palma
## directorBrian Helgeland
## directorBrian Levant
## directorBrian Robbins
## directorBruce Joel Rubin
## directorBruce Robinson
## directorBryan Singer
## directorCameron Crowe
## directorCarl Rinsch
## directorCary Fukunaga
## directorCatherine Hardwicke
## directorChad Stahelski
## directorCharles Shyer
## directorCharles Walters
## directorCharlie Chaplin
## directorChen Kaige
## directorChris Columbus
## directorChris Rock
## directorChris Wedge
## directorChris Weitz
## directorChristopher Nolan
## directorChuck Russell
## directorClint Eastwood
## directorColin Higgins
## directorColin Trevorrow
## directorCourtney Hunt *
## directorCraig Brewer
## directorCraig Gillespie
## directorCurtis Hanson
## directorDagen Merrill
## directorDamien Chazelle
## directorDan Kwan, Daniel Scheinert *
## directorDaniel Petrie
## directorDanny Boyle
## directorDanny DeVito
## directorDarren Aronofsky
## directorDavid Ayer
## directorDavid Cronenberg
## directorDavid Dobkin
## directorDavid Fincher
## directorDavid Frankel
## directorDavid Koepp
## directorDavid Leitch
## directorDavid Lowery
## directorDavid Mamet
## directorDavid McNally
## directorDavid Mirkin
## directorDavid O. Russell
## directorDavid Yates
## directorDavid Zucker
## directorDax Shepard
## directorDelmer Daves
## directorDemian Lichtenstein
## directorDenise Di Novi .
## directorDennis Dugan
## directorDerek Cianfrance
## directorDewey Nicks
## directorDome Karukoski
## directorDon Michael Paul
## directorDonald Petrie
## directorDoug Liman
## directorDouglas McGrath
## directorDuncan Jones
## directorDustin Lance Black
## directorEdgar Wright
## directorEdward Zwick
## directorEli Roth
## directorElio Petri
## directorEmile Ardolino
## directorEric Bress, J. Mackye Gruber
## directorEric Brevig
## directorEricson Core
## directorF. Gary Gray
## directorFederico Fellini
## directorFernando Meirelles
## directorFranc. Reyes
## directorFrancis Ford Coppola
## directorFrancis Lawrence
## directorFrank Capra
## directorFrank Coraci
## directorFrank Pierson
## directorFred Zinnemann
## directorGabriele Muccino
## directorGarry Marshall
## directorGary Ross
## directorGary Winick
## directorGavin Hood
## directorGeorge Armitage
## directorGeorge C. Wolfe
## directorGeorge Clooney
## directorGeorge Cukor
## directorGeorge Lucas
## directorGeorge Nolfi
## directorGeorge Roy Hill
## directorGeorge Seaton
## directorGeorge Tillman Jr.
## directorGia Coppola
## directorGil Junger
## directorGina Prince-Bythewood
## directorGlenn Ficarra, John Requa
## directorGore Verbinski
## directorGreg Mottola
## directorGreta Gerwig
## directorGuillermo del Toro
## directorGus Van Sant
## directorGuy Hamilton
## directorGuy Ritchie
## directorHal Ashby *
## directorHal Needham
## directorHallie Meyers-Shyer
## directorHarold Ramis
## directorHart Bochner
## directorHomi Adajania
## directorHoward Deutch
## directorHoward Hawks
## directorHugh Wilson
## directorIrving Pichel
## directorIsabel Coixet
## directorIvan Reitman
## directorJ.C. Chandor
## directorJ.J. Abrams
## directorJack Clayton
## directorJacob Aaron Estes
## directorJake Kasdan
## directorJames Cameron
## directorJames Foley
## directorJames Franco
## directorJames Gray
## directorJames Gunn
## directorJames L. Brooks
## directorJames Mangold
## directorJames Marsh
## directorJames McTeigue
## directorJames Wan .
## directorJan de Bont
## directorJason Moore
## directorJason Reitman
## directorJay Roach
## directorJean-Jacques Annaud
## directorJean-Marc Vallée
## directorJean-Pierre Jeunet
## directorJean Negulesco
## directorJeff Franklin
## directorJeff Tomsic *
## directorJeffrey Nachmanoff
## directorJerry Zucker
## directorJim Field Smith
## directorJim Gillespie
## directorJoan Chen
## directorJoe & Anthony Russo
## directorJoe Johnston
## directorJoe Wright
## directorJoel Coen
## directorJoel Schumacher
## directorJoel Zwick .
## directorJohn Carney
## directorJohn Cassavetes
## directorJohn Crowley
## directorJohn Curran
## directorJohn Fortenberry
## directorJohn Glen
## directorJohn Hamburg
## directorJohn Herzfeld
## directorJohn Huston
## directorJohn Krasinski
## directorJohn M. Chu
## directorJohn Madden
## directorJohn McNaughton
## directorJohn McTiernan .
## directorJohn Patrick Shanley
## directorJohn Stockwell
## directorJon Amiel
## directorJon Avnet
## directorJon Favreau
## directorJon M. Chu
## directorJon Turteltaub
## directorJon Watts
## directorJonas Åkerlund
## directorJonathan Levine
## directorJonathan Lynn
## directorJonathan Mostow
## directorJordan Mechner
## directorJordan Peele
## directorJoseph Gordon-Levitt
## directorJoseph Kosinski
## directorJoseph L. Mankiewicz
## directorJosh Boone
## directorJosh Radnor
## directorJoss Whedon
## directorJudd Apatow
## directorJudy Greer *
## directorJulian Farino
## directorJulian Jarrold
## directorJustin Chadwick
## directorKatt Shea *
## directorKelly Makin
## directorKen Kwapis
## directorKen Scott
## directorKenneth Branagh
## directorKevin Bray
## directorKevin Lima
## directorKevin Reynolds
## directorKevin Rodney Sullivan
## directorKevin Smith
## directorKevin Spacey
## directorKing Vidor
## directorLana Wachowski, Lilly Wachowski
## directorLarry Charles
## directorLasse Hallström
## directorLawrence Kasdan
## directorLee H. Katzin
## directorLee Tamahori
## directorLee Toland Krieger
## directorLeo McCarey
## directorLewis Gilbert
## directorLisa Cholodenko *
## directorLone Scherfig
## directorLorene Scafaria
## directorLouis Leterrier
## directorLouis Malle
## directorLuc Besson
## directorLuca Guadagnino
## directorLuis Mandoki
## directorLynn Shelton
## directorM. Night Shyamalan
## directorMalcolm Venville
## directorMarc Forster
## directorMarc Klein
## directorMarc Lawrence
## directorMarc Webb
## directorMarielle Heller
## directorMark Mylod
## directorMark Neveldine, Brian Taylor
## directorMark Pellington
## directorMark Piznarski
## directorMark Steven Johnson
## directorMark Waters
## directorMartin Brest
## directorMartin Campbell
## directorMartin Scorsese
## directorMassy Tadjedin
## directorMatthew Ross *
## directorMatthew Vaughn
## directorMax Joseph
## directorMaya Forbes
## directorMcG
## directorMel Gibson
## directorMelville Shavelson
## directorMichael Apted
## directorMichael Bay
## directorMichael Curtiz
## directorMichael Gracey
## directorMichael Hoffman
## directorMichael Lehmann
## directorMichael Mann
## directorMichael Patrick King .
## directorMichael Rymer
## directorMichael Showalter
## directorMichael Sucsy
## directorMichael Tollin
## directorMichel Gondry
## directorMichel Hazanavicius
## directorMichelangelo Antonioni
## directorMick Jackson
## directorMiguel Arteta
## directorMike Judge
## directorMike Mills
## directorMike Newell
## directorMike Nichols
## directorMimi Leder
## directorMira Nair
## directorMorten Tyldum
## directorNahnatchka Khan
## directorNancy Meyers
## directorNeil Burger
## directorNicholas Jarecki .
## directorNicholas Ray
## directorNicholas Stoller
## directorNick Cassavetes
## directorNick Hurran
## directorNicolas Winding Refn
## directorNiels Arden Oplev
## directorNikolaj Arcel
## directorNoah Baumbach
## directorNoam Murro
## directorNora Ephron
## directorNorman Jewison
## directorOl Parker
## directorOliver Stone
## directorOtto Bathurst
## directorP.J. Hogan
## directorPaco Cabezas
## directorPark Chan-wook
## directorPat O'Connor
## directorPatty Jenkins
## directorPaul Brickman
## directorPaul Feig
## directorPaul Haggis
## directorPaul Mazursky
## directorPaul McGuigan
## directorPaul Thomas Anderson
## directorPaul Verhoeven
## directorPaul Weiland
## directorPaul Weitz
## directorPaul Weitz, Chris Weitz
## directorPenelope Spheeris
## directorPeter Berg
## directorPeter Chelsom
## directorPeter Farrelly
## directorPeter Hedges .
## directorPeter Howitt .
## directorPeter Jackson
## directorPeter Landesman
## directorPeter R. Hunt
## directorPeter Segal
## directorPeter Sollett
## directorPeter Webber
## directorPeyton Reed
## directorPhil Alden Robinson
## directorPhillip Noyce
## directorPhyllida Lloyd
## directorPierre Morel
## directorQuentin Tarantino
## directorQuinn Shephard
## directorRaja Gosnell
## directorRand Ravich
## directorRandall Wallace .
## directorRawson Marshall Thurber .
## directorRebecca Miller
## directorRené Clair
## directorRenny Harlin
## directorRichard Brooks
## directorRichard Curtis
## directorRichard Eyre
## directorRichard LaGravenese
## directorRichard Linklater
## directorRichard Loncraine
## directorRichard Rush
## directorRick Famuyiwa
## directorRicky Gervais, Matthew Robinson
## directorRidley Scott
## directorRob Cohen
## directorRob Marshall
## directorRob Reiner
## directorRobert De Niro
## directorRobert Eggers
## directorRobert Iscove
## directorRobert Luketic
## directorRobert Redford
## directorRobert Rodriguez
## directorRobert Rossen
## directorRobert Schwentke
## directorRobert Wise
## directorRobert Zemeckis
## directorRodman Flender
## directorRoger Avary
## directorRoger Michell
## directorRoger Spottiswoode
## directorRoland Emmerich
## directorRoland Joffé
## directorRoman Polanski
## directorRon Howard
## directorRon Shelton
## directorRowdy Herrington
## directorRuben Fleischer
## directorRyan Coogler
## directorRyan Murphy
## directorSam Levinson
## directorSam Mendes
## directorSam Raimi
## directorSam Taylor-Johnson
## directorSanaa Hamri
## directorSaul Dibb
## directorScott Cooper
## directorScott Derrickson
## directorScott Hicks
## directorSean Anders
## directorSeth Gordon
## directorSeth MacFarlane
## directorSharon Maguire .
## directorShawn Levy
## directorSheree Folkson
## directorSidney Lumet
## directorSimon West
## directorSofia Coppola
## directorSpike Lee
## directorStanley Donen
## directorStanley Donen, Gene Kelly
## directorStephen Chbosky *
## directorStephen Daldry
## directorStephen Roberts
## directorStephen Sommers
## directorStephen T. Kay
## directorSteve Buscemi
## directorSteve Kloves
## directorSteve McQueen
## directorSteve Pink
## directorSteven Baigelman
## directorSteven Brill
## directorSteven Shainberg
## directorSteven Soderbergh
## directorSteven Spielberg
## directorSusanna Fogel
## directorSusanne Bier
## directorSydney Pollack
## directorSylvain White
## directorTamra Davis
## directorTarsem Singh
## directorTate Taylor
## directorTaylor Hackford
## directorTed Demme
## directorTerence Young
## directorTerry George
## directorTerry Zwigoff
## directorThea Sharrock
## directorTheodore Melfi .
## directorThomas Bezucha .
## directorThomas Carter
## directorTim Burton
## directorTim Miller
## directorTim Story
## directorTimur Bekmambetov
## directorTodd Haynes
## directorTodd Phillips
## directorTom Ford
## directorTom Hanks
## directorTom Hooper .
## directorTom Shadyac
## directorTommy Lee Wallace
## directorTony Goldwyn
## directorTony Scott
## directorTyler Perry
## directorundefined
## directorValerio Zurlini
## directorVictor Fleming
## directorVictor Levin .
## directorVincent Gallo
## directorVincente Minnelli
## directorWally Pfister
## directorWarren Beatty
## directorWayne Kramer
## directorWayne Wang
## directorWes Anderson
## directorWill Gluck
## directorWilliam A. Wellman
## directorWilliam Friedkin
## directorWilliam Wyler
## directorWolfgang Petersen
## directorWoody Allen
## directorYann Samuell
## directorYorgos Lanthimos
## directorZach Braff
## directorZack Snyder
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 5.751 on 644 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.7452, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5434
## F-statistic: 3.693 on 510 and 644 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16Inferences:
- This model is a better model.
- This model has an adjusted R-Squared score of 0.54 which is the best out of all the above ones.
- This is a better model but lets search for an even better model.
Model - 4
model <- lm(age_difference ~ actor_1_age + director + character_1_gender + character_2_gender + couple_number, data)summary(model)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = age_difference ~ actor_1_age + director + character_1_gender +
## character_2_gender + couple_number, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -20.095 -1.736 0.000 1.743 15.242
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.40656 6.16157 0.066 0.94741
## actor_1_age 0.47417 0.02301 20.611 < 2e-16
## directorAdam McKay -8.04186 6.21368 -1.294 0.19606
## directorAdam Nee, Aaron Nee -6.38877 7.54835 -0.846 0.39766
## directorAdam Shankman -4.41073 6.14577 -0.718 0.47321
## directorAdrian Lyne -3.69870 5.84101 -0.633 0.52681
## directorAlan Parker 1.18142 7.52164 0.157 0.87524
## directorAlan Shapiro -2.24398 6.55558 -0.342 0.73224
## directorAlejandro Agresti -14.80207 7.52468 -1.967 0.04960
## directorAlejandro González Iñárritu 0.43973 7.52676 0.058 0.95343
## directorAlex Garland -8.14519 6.21192 -1.311 0.19025
## directorAlex Kurtzman -1.30195 7.53889 -0.173 0.86294
## directorAlfonso Arau -6.41182 6.56360 -0.977 0.32900
## directorAlfonso Cuarón 0.42387 6.55961 0.065 0.94850
## directorAlfred Hitchcock 1.22044 5.79378 0.211 0.83323
## directorAmy Heckerling -4.43031 6.02152 -0.736 0.46215
## directorAnand Tucker -3.39295 6.02382 -0.563 0.57346
## directorAndrew Davis 3.00148 6.57342 0.457 0.64811
## directorAndrew Niccol -8.55566 6.56423 -1.303 0.19291
## directorAndy Cadiff -3.55106 7.52306 -0.472 0.63707
## directorAndy Serkis -12.34441 7.52152 -1.641 0.10124
## directorAndy Tennant -5.28357 5.91018 -0.894 0.37167
## directorAng Lee -4.11698 5.84482 -0.704 0.48145
## directorAngela Robinson -5.58028 6.10012 -0.915 0.36065
## directorAnne Fletcher -5.40414 6.20833 -0.870 0.38437
## directorAnthony Minghella -8.45706 6.56275 -1.289 0.19799
## directorAntoine Fuqua 2.65099 6.56860 0.404 0.68665
## directorAnton Corbijn -5.45694 7.53077 -0.725 0.46895
## directorAntony Hoffman -8.66359 7.52387 -1.151 0.24996
## directorAri Aster -6.02523 7.52262 -0.801 0.42346
## directorArthur Hiller -7.58622 7.51883 -1.009 0.31337
## directorAtom Egoyan -3.09383 6.43651 -0.481 0.63092
## directorAutumn de Wilde -1.76692 7.52210 -0.235 0.81436
## directorAva DuVernay -11.32790 7.52380 -1.506 0.13266
## directorBaltasar Kormákur -7.39607 7.52148 -0.983 0.32582
## directorBarbet Schroeder -5.69874 7.52892 -0.757 0.44938
## directorBarry Levinson -1.82778 7.53736 -0.242 0.80847
## directorBarry Sonnenfeld -11.25029 7.54216 -1.492 0.13628
## directorBaz Luhrmann -6.92657 6.02068 -1.150 0.25038
## directorBen Stiller -7.87331 6.21389 -1.267 0.20560
## directorBen Younger -3.48289 7.51997 -0.463 0.64341
## directorBernardo Bertolucci 8.01723 7.52966 1.065 0.28739
## directorBernie Goldmann, Melisa Wallack -8.20517 6.56594 -1.250 0.21188
## directorBetty Thomas -2.61193 7.52517 -0.347 0.72864
## directorBill Condon -0.64342 6.21927 -0.103 0.91763
## directorBill Purple -10.13776 7.52448 -1.347 0.17836
## directorBille Woodruff -3.97357 7.52195 -0.528 0.59750
## directorBilly Bob Thornton -7.44774 7.52173 -0.990 0.32247
## directorBilly Crystal -12.50860 7.52862 -1.661 0.09711
## directorBilly Wilder 4.72282 6.57556 0.718 0.47287
## directorBlake Edwards -11.87024 7.52147 -1.578 0.11502
## directorBoaz Yakin -0.80850 6.56412 -0.123 0.90201
## directorBobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly -6.45772 5.91609 -1.092 0.27544
## directorBobcat Goldthwait 0.27554 7.54389 0.037 0.97087
## directorBonnie Hunt -6.18942 7.52332 -0.823 0.41099
## directorBoots Riley -3.48289 7.51997 -0.463 0.64341
## directorBrad Silberling -9.43123 7.52097 -1.254 0.21030
## directorBradley Cooper -3.59176 7.52912 -0.477 0.63349
## directorBrian De Palma 0.38807 7.52517 0.052 0.95889
## directorBrian Helgeland -5.27989 6.55647 -0.805 0.42095
## directorBrian Levant -5.34441 7.52152 -0.711 0.47762
## directorBrian Robbins -9.58610 6.56904 -1.459 0.14498
## directorBruce Joel Rubin -1.13776 7.52448 -0.151 0.87986
## directorBruce Robinson 3.21274 6.57163 0.489 0.62509
## directorBryan Singer -3.81590 6.01978 -0.634 0.52638
## directorCameron Crowe -5.60963 6.02972 -0.930 0.35255
## directorCarl Rinsch -3.45694 7.53077 -0.459 0.64636
## directorCary Fukunaga -1.34441 7.52152 -0.179 0.85820
## directorCatherine Hardwicke -3.52686 5.92010 -0.596 0.55156
## directorChad Stahelski -13.93111 7.53195 -1.850 0.06483
## directorCharles Shyer 3.64639 7.53590 0.484 0.62864
## directorCharles Walters 2.00148 6.57342 0.304 0.76086
## directorCharlie Chaplin 0.54306 6.57459 0.083 0.93420
## directorChen Kaige -10.06039 7.51901 -1.338 0.18137
## directorChris Columbus -7.43614 6.21697 -1.196 0.23210
## directorChris Rock -7.62767 6.56814 -1.161 0.24595
## directorChris Wedge -7.16371 7.51871 -0.953 0.34106
## directorChris Weitz -1.89619 7.52216 -0.252 0.80106
## directorChristopher Nolan -5.11041 5.78358 -0.884 0.37724
## directorChuck Russell -2.39607 7.52148 -0.319 0.75016
## directorClint Eastwood -9.37944 6.57888 -1.426 0.15444
## directorColin Higgins -9.03443 7.52765 -1.200 0.23052
## directorColin Trevorrow -12.29275 7.52184 -1.634 0.10269
## directorCourtney Hunt -12.74020 6.59000 -1.933 0.05364
## directorCraig Brewer -13.29275 7.52184 -1.767 0.07767
## directorCraig Gillespie -5.81858 7.52164 -0.774 0.43947
## directorCurtis Hanson -9.74569 6.57271 -1.483 0.13863
## directorDagen Merrill -5.07690 7.52357 -0.675 0.50005
## directorDamien Chazelle -11.24109 7.52244 -1.494 0.13558
## directorDan Kwan, Daniel Scheinert -14.33710 7.55256 -1.898 0.05810
## directorDaniel Petrie 9.22388 7.54049 1.223 0.22169
## directorDanny Boyle -2.74972 5.90599 -0.466 0.64167
## directorDanny DeVito -5.27624 7.52564 -0.701 0.48349
## directorDarren Aronofsky -9.94408 6.56242 -1.515 0.13019
## directorDavid Ayer 0.86896 6.21589 0.140 0.88886
## directorDavid Cronenberg -10.50860 7.52862 -1.396 0.16325
## directorDavid Dobkin -6.10742 6.03111 -1.013 0.31161
## directorDavid Fincher -5.16181 5.70875 -0.904 0.36623
## directorDavid Frankel -2.09724 6.56378 -0.320 0.74944
## directorDavid Koepp 0.37887 7.55154 0.050 0.96000
## directorDavid Leitch 0.31606 6.57681 0.048 0.96169
## directorDavid Lowery -12.24109 7.52244 -1.627 0.10417
## directorDavid Mamet -10.29275 7.52184 -1.368 0.17167
## directorDavid McNally -7.02523 7.52262 -0.934 0.35072
## directorDavid Mirkin -7.22275 6.56131 -1.101 0.27139
## directorDavid O. Russell -2.45998 5.91683 -0.416 0.67772
## directorDavid Yates -5.77191 6.20734 -0.930 0.35280
## directorDavid Zucker -7.62113 7.55154 -1.009 0.31325
## directorDax Shepard -12.13776 7.52448 -1.613 0.10721
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## directorGeorge C. Wolfe -9.19862 7.54570 -1.219 0.22327
## directorGeorge Clooney -11.50860 7.52862 -1.529 0.12685
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## directorGeorge Roy Hill -12.98277 7.52966 -1.724 0.08515
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## directorHal Ashby 21.55037 7.59299 2.838 0.00468
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## directorHugh Wilson 3.49140 7.52862 0.464 0.64298
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## directorJames McTeigue -0.29735 6.57049 -0.045 0.96392
## directorJames Wan -11.70977 6.57540 -1.781 0.07541
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## directorJim Gillespie -3.14431 6.56715 -0.479 0.63225
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## directorJoe & Anthony Russo -5.16359 6.56668 -0.786 0.43196
## directorJoe Johnston -10.44774 7.52173 -1.389 0.16531
## directorJoe Wright -2.29506 5.90681 -0.389 0.69774
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## directorJoel Zwick -15.66359 7.52387 -2.082 0.03775
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## directorJohn Curran -5.51360 6.21849 -0.887 0.37560
## directorJohn Fortenberry -7.16371 7.51871 -0.953 0.34106
## directorJohn Glen 2.68621 5.62683 0.477 0.63325
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## directorJohn Herzfeld -0.72446 7.54389 -0.096 0.92353
## directorJohn Huston -3.66636 5.85920 -0.626 0.53171
## directorJohn Krasinski -8.76692 7.52210 -1.165 0.24426
## directorJohn M. Chu -4.25866 6.09818 -0.698 0.48521
## directorJohn Madden -8.49940 7.52225 -1.130 0.25894
## directorJohn McNaughton -3.83433 6.56387 -0.584 0.55932
## directorJohn McTiernan -10.93400 6.56285 -1.666 0.09619
## directorJohn Patrick Shanley -14.24109 7.52244 -1.893 0.05879
## directorJohn Stockwell -3.60273 7.52415 -0.479 0.63223
## directorJon Amiel 9.05969 7.56760 1.197 0.23168
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## directorJon Favreau -8.62915 6.21596 -1.388 0.16555
## directorJon M. Chu -6.74858 6.56038 -1.029 0.30401
## directorJon Turteltaub -5.16359 6.56668 -0.786 0.43196
## directorJon Watts -8.58806 6.20450 -1.384 0.16679
## directorJonas Åkerlund 4.06889 7.53195 0.540 0.58923
## directorJonathan Levine -8.09907 6.55798 -1.235 0.21728
## directorJonathan Lynn 0.73352 6.03700 0.122 0.90333
## directorJonathan Mostow 1.17222 7.53736 0.156 0.87646
## directorJordan Mechner -5.44774 7.52173 -0.724 0.46917
## directorJordan Peele -8.29747 6.56125 -1.265 0.20647
## directorJoseph Gordon-Levitt -2.69691 6.56232 -0.411 0.68123
## directorJoseph Kosinski -11.03903 6.58479 -1.676 0.09414
## directorJoseph L. Mankiewicz 12.08906 7.53722 1.604 0.10923
## directorJosh Boone -2.79287 7.51992 -0.371 0.71047
## directorJosh Radnor -0.24109 7.52244 -0.032 0.97444
## directorJoss Whedon -7.02435 6.57220 -1.069 0.28556
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## directorKatt Shea 16.80138 7.54570 2.227 0.02632
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## directorKevin Lima -7.80024 6.55876 -1.189 0.23477
## directorKevin Reynolds -6.73374 6.02791 -1.117 0.26437
## directorKevin Rodney Sullivan -0.85373 7.52299 -0.113 0.90968
## directorKevin Smith -6.01698 6.55645 -0.918 0.35911
## directorKevin Spacey 5.43973 7.52676 0.723 0.47012
## directorKing Vidor -2.50689 6.55553 -0.382 0.70228
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## directorLee H. Katzin -11.66359 7.52387 -1.550 0.12158
## directorLee Tamahori 0.55315 6.57610 0.084 0.93299
## directorLee Toland Krieger -4.74398 6.55558 -0.724 0.46954
## directorLeo McCarey -5.35361 7.53590 -0.710 0.47771
## directorLewis Gilbert 0.89298 5.79502 0.154 0.87758
## directorLisa Cholodenko -12.97765 6.43485 -2.017 0.04414
## directorLone Scherfig -1.24109 7.52244 -0.165 0.86901
## directorLorene Scafaria 2.06889 7.53195 0.275 0.78365
## directorLouis Leterrier -5.37484 6.56777 -0.818 0.41345
## directorLouis Malle -2.08610 7.52593 -0.277 0.78173
## directorLuc Besson 2.86224 7.52448 0.380 0.70378
## directorLuca Guadagnino -3.08562 8.00333 -0.386 0.69996
## directorLuis Mandoki -9.73248 6.21337 -1.566 0.11775
## directorLynn Shelton -3.67934 6.56659 -0.560 0.57546
## directorM. Night Shyamalan -5.42651 6.56636 -0.826 0.40888
## directorMalcolm Venville -8.03443 7.52765 -1.067 0.28623
## directorMarc Forster -4.57060 5.92176 -0.772 0.44050
## directorMarc Klein -1.45694 7.53077 -0.193 0.84666
## directorMarc Lawrence -8.82318 6.56951 -1.343 0.17973
## directorMarc Webb -3.57921 5.91065 -0.606 0.54503
## directorMarielle Heller 0.28475 7.52285 0.038 0.96982
## directorMark Mylod -6.48289 7.51997 -0.862 0.38896
## directorMark Neveldine, Brian Taylor -6.71525 7.52285 -0.893 0.37238
## directorMark Pellington -3.35361 7.53590 -0.445 0.65646
## directorMark Piznarski -1.40722 6.56754 -0.214 0.83041
## directorMark Steven Johnson -7.61193 7.52517 -1.012 0.31215
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## directorMartin Campbell -3.20664 6.21389 -0.516 0.60600
## directorMartin Scorsese -3.21322 5.62528 -0.571 0.56806
## directorMassy Tadjedin -2.66929 6.20864 -0.430 0.66739
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## directorMatthew Vaughn -4.37994 5.91639 -0.740 0.45939
## directorMax Joseph -6.49940 7.52225 -0.864 0.38790
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## directorMcG -7.94697 6.56199 -1.211 0.22632
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## directorMelville Shavelson 7.17222 7.53736 0.952 0.34168
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## directorMichael Gracey -3.94225 6.56625 -0.600 0.54846
## directorMichael Hoffman -11.78449 6.55948 -1.797 0.07288
## directorMichael Lehmann -5.44542 6.21693 -0.876 0.38141
## directorMichael Mann -5.30805 6.03728 -0.879 0.37962
## directorMichael Patrick King -7.46130 6.04958 -1.233 0.21789
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## directorMichel Gondry 5.12657 6.22368 0.824 0.41040
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## directorMike Mills 3.25544 6.82452 0.477 0.63351
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## directorMike Nichols -2.48866 5.70959 -0.436 0.66308
## directorMimi Leder -8.48289 7.51997 -1.128 0.25972
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## directorMorten Tyldum -3.76692 7.52210 -0.501 0.61670
## directorNahnatchka Khan -4.73566 6.23167 -0.760 0.44757
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## directorNeil Burger -3.10733 6.56395 -0.473 0.63609
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## directorNicholas Ray 2.59472 7.53320 0.344 0.73063
## directorNicholas Stoller -7.55711 6.02204 -1.255 0.20997
## directorNick Cassavetes -4.57703 5.78413 -0.791 0.42906
## directorNick Hurran -4.76692 7.52210 -0.634 0.52649
## directorNicolas Winding Refn -2.92191 7.52157 -0.388 0.69780
## directorNiels Arden Oplev -1.45694 7.53077 -0.193 0.84666
## directorNikolaj Arcel 3.49140 7.52862 0.464 0.64298
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## directorNoam Murro -11.82778 7.53736 -1.569 0.11709
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## directorOliver Stone -4.95942 6.21249 -0.798 0.42499
## directorOtto Bathurst -8.97357 7.52195 -1.193 0.23332
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## directorPark Chan-wook -2.81858 7.52164 -0.375 0.70799
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## directorPaul Mazursky -6.51149 6.55994 -0.993 0.32127
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## directorPaul Thomas Anderson -2.99001 5.80372 -0.515 0.60660
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## directorPaul Weiland -7.46809 6.56564 -1.137 0.25578
## directorPaul Weitz -3.55106 7.52306 -0.472 0.63707
## directorPaul Weitz, Chris Weitz 1.61402 5.91009 0.273 0.78487
## directorPenelope Spheeris -7.44774 7.52173 -0.990 0.32247
## directorPeter Berg -10.56027 7.52676 -1.403 0.16109
## directorPeter Chelsom -6.81858 7.52164 -0.907 0.36500
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## directorPeter Sollett 6.19745 7.37123 0.841 0.40079
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## directorPhillip Noyce 12.87781 6.58447 1.956 0.05092
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## directorPierre Morel -11.77612 7.54049 -1.562 0.11885
## directorQuentin Tarantino -5.94526 6.21652 -0.956 0.33925
## directorQuinn Shephard 3.38807 7.52517 0.450 0.65270
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## directorRand Ravich -2.29275 7.52184 -0.305 0.76061
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## directorRawson Marshall Thurber -12.61193 6.21652 -2.029 0.04289
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## directorRichard Curtis 4.23619 5.77892 0.733 0.46380
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## directorRichard Rush 2.28475 7.52285 0.304 0.76145
## directorRick Famuyiwa -4.33905 6.55948 -0.661 0.50853
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## directorRidley Scott -3.97909 5.91809 -0.672 0.50160
## directorRob Cohen -1.41182 6.56360 -0.215 0.82976
## directorRob Marshall -9.14065 6.55671 -1.394 0.16377
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## directorRobert Luketic -1.53866 5.90774 -0.260 0.79460
## directorRobert Redford -2.62113 7.55154 -0.347 0.72863
## directorRobert Rodriguez -7.81858 7.52164 -1.039 0.29897
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## directorRobert Schwentke -10.48277 6.57332 -1.595 0.11126
## directorRobert Wise -3.29275 6.56436 -0.502 0.61611
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## directorRoger Michell 4.94772 6.24081 0.793 0.42819
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## directorRoland Joffé -10.76692 7.52210 -1.431 0.15281
## directorRoman Polanski -10.76692 7.52210 -1.431 0.15281
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## directorRon Shelton -7.36199 6.55774 -1.123 0.26201
## directorRowdy Herrington -7.76692 7.52210 -1.033 0.30221
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## directorRyan Coogler -4.98566 6.56083 -0.760 0.44759
## directorRyan Murphy -8.11263 6.82297 -1.189 0.23487
## directorSam Levinson -2.76692 7.52210 -0.368 0.71312
## directorSam Mendes -3.56706 5.74100 -0.621 0.53460
## directorSam Raimi -1.88065 5.91645 -0.318 0.75069
## directorSam Taylor-Johnson -6.38599 6.56361 -0.973 0.33095
## directorSanaa Hamri -12.76692 7.52210 -1.697 0.09013
## directorSaul Dibb 3.18130 6.21896 0.512 0.60914
## directorScott Cooper 3.22388 6.58572 0.490 0.62464
## directorScott Derrickson -14.18942 7.52332 -1.886 0.05974
## directorScott Hicks -2.91365 6.55699 -0.444 0.65693
## directorSean Anders -8.52435 6.57220 -1.297 0.19509
## directorSeth Gordon -8.91365 6.55699 -1.359 0.17449
## directorSeth MacFarlane -4.37484 6.56777 -0.666 0.50558
## directorSharon Maguire -10.49852 6.03873 -1.739 0.08260
## directorShawn Levy -1.56027 7.52676 -0.207 0.83584
## directorSheree Folkson -6.67934 6.56659 -1.017 0.30946
## directorSidney Lumet -3.25029 7.54216 -0.431 0.66665
## directorSimon West -5.87024 7.52147 -0.780 0.43541
## directorSofia Coppola 11.64639 7.53590 1.545 0.12273
## directorSpike Lee -6.29275 7.52184 -0.837 0.40313
## directorStanley Donen 2.53846 6.59064 0.385 0.70025
## directorStanley Donen, Gene Kelly 0.82066 6.56659 0.125 0.90058
## directorStephen Chbosky -17.59542 7.53428 -2.335 0.01983
## directorStephen Daldry 4.46545 7.51926 0.594 0.55281
## directorStephen Roberts 1.38807 7.52517 0.184 0.85371
## directorStephen Sommers -6.90174 7.52325 -0.917 0.35928
## directorStephen T. Kay -8.49940 7.52225 -1.130 0.25894
## directorSteve Buscemi 1.28475 7.52285 0.171 0.86445
## directorSteve Kloves -7.18942 7.52332 -0.956 0.33963
## directorSteve McQueen -6.81626 6.22461 -1.095 0.27391
## directorSteve Pink -1.49940 7.52225 -0.199 0.84207
## directorSteven Baigelman -1.57141 6.56399 -0.239 0.81087
## directorSteven Brill -10.31858 6.56413 -1.572 0.11645
## directorSteven Shainberg -0.13776 7.52448 -0.018 0.98540
## directorSteven Soderbergh -6.66130 6.00976 -1.108 0.26810
## directorSteven Spielberg -2.42434 5.68208 -0.427 0.66977
## directorSusanna Fogel -8.36476 6.56858 -1.273 0.20332
## directorSusanne Bier -0.71525 7.52285 -0.095 0.92428
## directorSydney Pollack -4.47773 6.03899 -0.741 0.45868
## directorSylvain White -6.21537 7.51898 -0.827 0.40876
## directorTamra Davis -3.97357 7.52195 -0.528 0.59750
## directorTarsem Singh -6.55106 7.52306 -0.871 0.38419
## directorTate Taylor -0.58167 6.04498 -0.096 0.92337
## directorTaylor Hackford -6.74970 6.21307 -1.086 0.27772
## directorTed Demme -4.24109 7.52244 -0.564 0.57309
## directorTerence Young -0.93639 5.70929 -0.164 0.86977
## directorTerry George -8.09907 6.55798 -1.235 0.21728
## directorTerry Zwigoff -7.98277 7.52966 -1.060 0.28946
## directorThea Sharrock -7.26981 6.55549 -1.109 0.26786
## directorTheodore Melfi -11.13410 6.57997 -1.692 0.09111
## directorThomas Bezucha -4.15646 5.95104 -0.698 0.48515
## directorThomas Carter -0.92191 7.52157 -0.123 0.90249
## directorTim Burton -2.72050 5.84036 -0.466 0.64151
## directorTim Miller -13.18942 7.52332 -1.753 0.08006
## directorTim Story -9.34441 6.56399 -1.424 0.15505
## directorTimur Bekmambetov -9.95706 7.52044 -1.324 0.18597
## directorTodd Haynes -0.53503 7.35668 -0.073 0.94205
## directorTodd Phillips -3.14204 6.02573 -0.521 0.60224
## directorTom Ford 4.38943 7.11805 0.617 0.53768
## directorTom Hanks -4.61936 6.21223 -0.744 0.45740
## directorTom Hooper -10.68581 6.21011 -1.721 0.08579
## directorTom Shadyac -7.96095 5.84085 -1.363 0.17337
## directorTommy Lee Wallace 4.49140 7.52862 0.597 0.55100
## directorTony Goldwyn -7.82607 6.55808 -1.193 0.23317
## directorTony Scott -2.22342 5.91310 -0.376 0.70703
## directorTyler Perry -13.81858 7.52164 -1.837 0.06665
## directorundefined -0.44087 6.02328 -0.073 0.94167
## directorValerio Zurlini -2.79287 7.51992 -0.371 0.71047
## directorVictor Fleming -3.24109 7.52244 -0.431 0.66672
## directorVictor Levin -15.82778 7.53736 -2.100 0.03613
## directorVincent Gallo 4.23308 7.52210 0.563 0.57380
## directorVincente Minnelli 3.28475 7.52285 0.437 0.66252
## directorWally Pfister -2.40528 7.53320 -0.319 0.74961
## directorWarren Beatty 2.85304 7.54953 0.378 0.70562
## directorWayne Kramer -5.35361 7.53590 -0.710 0.47771
## directorWayne Wang -11.21525 6.56551 -1.708 0.08808
## directorWes Anderson -5.13637 5.92848 -0.866 0.38660
## directorWill Gluck -8.47668 6.20539 -1.366 0.17241
## directorWilliam A. Wellman -1.14908 7.53987 -0.152 0.87892
## directorWilliam Friedkin 2.86224 7.52448 0.380 0.70378
## directorWilliam Wyler -1.76692 7.52210 -0.235 0.81436
## directorWolfgang Petersen -2.40357 6.55650 -0.367 0.71404
## directorWoody Allen 1.61751 5.57965 0.290 0.77199
## directorYann Samuell -9.44774 7.52173 -1.256 0.20955
## directorYorgos Lanthimos -5.23513 5.88519 -0.890 0.37404
## directorZach Braff -4.97357 7.52195 -0.661 0.50872
## directorZack Snyder -9.10831 6.21342 -1.466 0.14316
## character_1_genderwoman -2.49940 1.62329 -1.540 0.12412
## character_2_genderwoman -0.16371 1.60680 -0.102 0.91888
## couple_number -3.02017 0.27151 -11.123 < 2e-16
##
## (Intercept)
## actor_1_age ***
## directorAdam McKay
## directorAdam Nee, Aaron Nee
## directorAdam Shankman
## directorAdrian Lyne
## directorAlan Parker
## directorAlan Shapiro
## directorAlejandro Agresti *
## directorAlejandro González Iñárritu
## directorAlex Garland
## directorAlex Kurtzman
## directorAlfonso Arau
## directorAlfonso Cuarón
## directorAlfred Hitchcock
## directorAmy Heckerling
## directorAnand Tucker
## directorAndrew Davis
## directorAndrew Niccol
## directorAndy Cadiff
## directorAndy Serkis
## directorAndy Tennant
## directorAng Lee
## directorAngela Robinson
## directorAnne Fletcher
## directorAnthony Minghella
## directorAntoine Fuqua
## directorAnton Corbijn
## directorAntony Hoffman
## directorAri Aster
## directorArthur Hiller
## directorAtom Egoyan
## directorAutumn de Wilde
## directorAva DuVernay
## directorBaltasar Kormákur
## directorBarbet Schroeder
## directorBarry Levinson
## directorBarry Sonnenfeld
## directorBaz Luhrmann
## directorBen Stiller
## directorBen Younger
## directorBernardo Bertolucci
## directorBernie Goldmann, Melisa Wallack
## directorBetty Thomas
## directorBill Condon
## directorBill Purple
## directorBille Woodruff
## directorBilly Bob Thornton
## directorBilly Crystal .
## directorBilly Wilder
## directorBlake Edwards
## directorBoaz Yakin
## directorBobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly
## directorBobcat Goldthwait
## directorBonnie Hunt
## directorBoots Riley
## directorBrad Silberling
## directorBradley Cooper
## directorBrian De Palma
## directorBrian Helgeland
## directorBrian Levant
## directorBrian Robbins
## directorBruce Joel Rubin
## directorBruce Robinson
## directorBryan Singer
## directorCameron Crowe
## directorCarl Rinsch
## directorCary Fukunaga
## directorCatherine Hardwicke
## directorChad Stahelski .
## directorCharles Shyer
## directorCharles Walters
## directorCharlie Chaplin
## directorChen Kaige
## directorChris Columbus
## directorChris Rock
## directorChris Wedge
## directorChris Weitz
## directorChristopher Nolan
## directorChuck Russell
## directorClint Eastwood
## directorColin Higgins
## directorColin Trevorrow
## directorCourtney Hunt .
## directorCraig Brewer .
## directorCraig Gillespie
## directorCurtis Hanson
## directorDagen Merrill
## directorDamien Chazelle
## directorDan Kwan, Daniel Scheinert .
## directorDaniel Petrie
## directorDanny Boyle
## directorDanny DeVito
## directorDarren Aronofsky
## directorDavid Ayer
## directorDavid Cronenberg
## directorDavid Dobkin
## directorDavid Fincher
## directorDavid Frankel
## directorDavid Koepp
## directorDavid Leitch
## directorDavid Lowery
## directorDavid Mamet
## directorDavid McNally
## directorDavid Mirkin
## directorDavid O. Russell
## directorDavid Yates
## directorDavid Zucker
## directorDax Shepard
## directorDelmer Daves
## directorDemian Lichtenstein
## directorDenise Di Novi *
## directorDennis Dugan
## directorDerek Cianfrance
## directorDewey Nicks
## directorDome Karukoski
## directorDon Michael Paul
## directorDonald Petrie
## directorDoug Liman
## directorDouglas McGrath
## directorDuncan Jones
## directorDustin Lance Black
## directorEdgar Wright
## directorEdward Zwick
## directorEli Roth
## directorElio Petri
## directorEmile Ardolino
## directorEric Bress, J. Mackye Gruber
## directorEric Brevig
## directorEricson Core
## directorF. Gary Gray
## directorFederico Fellini
## directorFernando Meirelles
## directorFranc. Reyes
## directorFrancis Ford Coppola
## directorFrancis Lawrence
## directorFrank Capra
## directorFrank Coraci
## directorFrank Pierson
## directorFred Zinnemann
## directorGabriele Muccino
## directorGarry Marshall
## directorGary Ross
## directorGary Winick
## directorGavin Hood
## directorGeorge Armitage
## directorGeorge C. Wolfe
## directorGeorge Clooney
## directorGeorge Cukor
## directorGeorge Lucas
## directorGeorge Nolfi
## directorGeorge Roy Hill .
## directorGeorge Seaton
## directorGeorge Tillman Jr.
## directorGia Coppola
## directorGil Junger
## directorGina Prince-Bythewood
## directorGlenn Ficarra, John Requa
## directorGore Verbinski
## directorGreg Mottola
## directorGreta Gerwig
## directorGuillermo del Toro
## directorGus Van Sant
## directorGuy Hamilton
## directorGuy Ritchie
## directorHal Ashby **
## directorHal Needham
## directorHallie Meyers-Shyer
## directorHarold Ramis
## directorHart Bochner
## directorHomi Adajania
## directorHoward Deutch
## directorHoward Hawks
## directorHugh Wilson
## directorIrving Pichel
## directorIsabel Coixet
## directorIvan Reitman
## directorJ.C. Chandor
## directorJ.J. Abrams
## directorJack Clayton
## directorJacob Aaron Estes
## directorJake Kasdan
## directorJames Cameron
## directorJames Foley
## directorJames Franco
## directorJames Gray
## directorJames Gunn
## directorJames L. Brooks
## directorJames Mangold
## directorJames Marsh
## directorJames McTeigue
## directorJames Wan .
## directorJan de Bont
## directorJason Moore
## directorJason Reitman
## directorJay Roach
## directorJean-Jacques Annaud
## directorJean-Marc Vallée
## directorJean-Pierre Jeunet
## directorJean Negulesco
## directorJeff Franklin
## directorJeff Tomsic .
## directorJeffrey Nachmanoff
## directorJerry Zucker
## directorJim Field Smith
## directorJim Gillespie
## directorJoan Chen
## directorJoe & Anthony Russo
## directorJoe Johnston
## directorJoe Wright
## directorJoel Coen
## directorJoel Schumacher
## directorJoel Zwick *
## directorJohn Carney
## directorJohn Cassavetes
## directorJohn Crowley
## directorJohn Curran
## directorJohn Fortenberry
## directorJohn Glen
## directorJohn Hamburg .
## directorJohn Herzfeld
## directorJohn Huston
## directorJohn Krasinski
## directorJohn M. Chu
## directorJohn Madden
## directorJohn McNaughton
## directorJohn McTiernan .
## directorJohn Patrick Shanley .
## directorJohn Stockwell
## directorJon Amiel
## directorJon Avnet
## directorJon Favreau
## directorJon M. Chu
## directorJon Turteltaub
## directorJon Watts
## directorJonas Åkerlund
## directorJonathan Levine
## directorJonathan Lynn
## directorJonathan Mostow
## directorJordan Mechner
## directorJordan Peele
## directorJoseph Gordon-Levitt
## directorJoseph Kosinski .
## directorJoseph L. Mankiewicz
## directorJosh Boone
## directorJosh Radnor
## directorJoss Whedon
## directorJudd Apatow
## directorJudy Greer *
## directorJulian Farino
## directorJulian Jarrold
## directorJustin Chadwick
## directorKatt Shea *
## directorKelly Makin .
## directorKen Kwapis
## directorKen Scott
## directorKenneth Branagh
## directorKevin Bray
## directorKevin Lima
## directorKevin Reynolds
## directorKevin Rodney Sullivan
## directorKevin Smith
## directorKevin Spacey
## directorKing Vidor
## directorLana Wachowski, Lilly Wachowski
## directorLarry Charles
## directorLasse Hallström
## directorLawrence Kasdan
## directorLee H. Katzin
## directorLee Tamahori
## directorLee Toland Krieger
## directorLeo McCarey
## directorLewis Gilbert
## directorLisa Cholodenko *
## directorLone Scherfig
## directorLorene Scafaria
## directorLouis Leterrier
## directorLouis Malle
## directorLuc Besson
## directorLuca Guadagnino
## directorLuis Mandoki
## directorLynn Shelton
## directorM. Night Shyamalan
## directorMalcolm Venville
## directorMarc Forster
## directorMarc Klein
## directorMarc Lawrence
## directorMarc Webb
## directorMarielle Heller
## directorMark Mylod
## directorMark Neveldine, Brian Taylor
## directorMark Pellington
## directorMark Piznarski
## directorMark Steven Johnson
## directorMark Waters
## directorMartin Brest
## directorMartin Campbell
## directorMartin Scorsese
## directorMassy Tadjedin
## directorMatthew Ross *
## directorMatthew Vaughn
## directorMax Joseph
## directorMaya Forbes
## directorMcG
## directorMel Gibson
## directorMelville Shavelson
## directorMichael Apted
## directorMichael Bay
## directorMichael Curtiz
## directorMichael Gracey
## directorMichael Hoffman .
## directorMichael Lehmann
## directorMichael Mann
## directorMichael Patrick King
## directorMichael Rymer
## directorMichael Showalter
## directorMichael Sucsy
## directorMichael Tollin
## directorMichel Gondry
## directorMichel Hazanavicius
## directorMichelangelo Antonioni
## directorMick Jackson
## directorMiguel Arteta
## directorMike Judge
## directorMike Mills
## directorMike Newell
## directorMike Nichols
## directorMimi Leder
## directorMira Nair
## directorMorten Tyldum
## directorNahnatchka Khan
## directorNancy Meyers
## directorNeil Burger
## directorNicholas Jarecki
## directorNicholas Ray
## directorNicholas Stoller
## directorNick Cassavetes
## directorNick Hurran
## directorNicolas Winding Refn
## directorNiels Arden Oplev
## directorNikolaj Arcel
## directorNoah Baumbach
## directorNoam Murro
## directorNora Ephron
## directorNorman Jewison
## directorOl Parker
## directorOliver Stone
## directorOtto Bathurst
## directorP.J. Hogan
## directorPaco Cabezas
## directorPark Chan-wook
## directorPat O'Connor
## directorPatty Jenkins
## directorPaul Brickman
## directorPaul Feig
## directorPaul Haggis
## directorPaul Mazursky
## directorPaul McGuigan
## directorPaul Thomas Anderson
## directorPaul Verhoeven
## directorPaul Weiland
## directorPaul Weitz
## directorPaul Weitz, Chris Weitz
## directorPenelope Spheeris
## directorPeter Berg
## directorPeter Chelsom
## directorPeter Farrelly
## directorPeter Hedges
## directorPeter Howitt .
## directorPeter Jackson
## directorPeter Landesman
## directorPeter R. Hunt
## directorPeter Segal
## directorPeter Sollett
## directorPeter Webber
## directorPeyton Reed
## directorPhil Alden Robinson
## directorPhillip Noyce .
## directorPhyllida Lloyd
## directorPierre Morel
## directorQuentin Tarantino
## directorQuinn Shephard
## directorRaja Gosnell
## directorRand Ravich
## directorRandall Wallace *
## directorRawson Marshall Thurber *
## directorRebecca Miller
## directorRené Clair
## directorRenny Harlin
## directorRichard Brooks
## directorRichard Curtis
## directorRichard Eyre
## directorRichard LaGravenese
## directorRichard Linklater
## directorRichard Loncraine
## directorRichard Rush
## directorRick Famuyiwa
## directorRicky Gervais, Matthew Robinson
## directorRidley Scott
## directorRob Cohen
## directorRob Marshall
## directorRob Reiner
## directorRobert De Niro
## directorRobert Eggers
## directorRobert Iscove
## directorRobert Luketic
## directorRobert Redford
## directorRobert Rodriguez
## directorRobert Rossen
## directorRobert Schwentke
## directorRobert Wise
## directorRobert Zemeckis
## directorRodman Flender
## directorRoger Avary
## directorRoger Michell
## directorRoger Spottiswoode
## directorRoland Emmerich
## directorRoland Joffé
## directorRoman Polanski
## directorRon Howard
## directorRon Shelton
## directorRowdy Herrington
## directorRuben Fleischer
## directorRyan Coogler
## directorRyan Murphy
## directorSam Levinson
## directorSam Mendes
## directorSam Raimi
## directorSam Taylor-Johnson
## directorSanaa Hamri .
## directorSaul Dibb
## directorScott Cooper
## directorScott Derrickson .
## directorScott Hicks
## directorSean Anders
## directorSeth Gordon
## directorSeth MacFarlane
## directorSharon Maguire .
## directorShawn Levy
## directorSheree Folkson
## directorSidney Lumet
## directorSimon West
## directorSofia Coppola
## directorSpike Lee
## directorStanley Donen
## directorStanley Donen, Gene Kelly
## directorStephen Chbosky *
## directorStephen Daldry
## directorStephen Roberts
## directorStephen Sommers
## directorStephen T. Kay
## directorSteve Buscemi
## directorSteve Kloves
## directorSteve McQueen
## directorSteve Pink
## directorSteven Baigelman
## directorSteven Brill
## directorSteven Shainberg
## directorSteven Soderbergh
## directorSteven Spielberg
## directorSusanna Fogel
## directorSusanne Bier
## directorSydney Pollack
## directorSylvain White
## directorTamra Davis
## directorTarsem Singh
## directorTate Taylor
## directorTaylor Hackford
## directorTed Demme
## directorTerence Young
## directorTerry George
## directorTerry Zwigoff
## directorThea Sharrock
## directorTheodore Melfi .
## directorThomas Bezucha
## directorThomas Carter
## directorTim Burton
## directorTim Miller .
## directorTim Story
## directorTimur Bekmambetov
## directorTodd Haynes
## directorTodd Phillips
## directorTom Ford
## directorTom Hanks
## directorTom Hooper .
## directorTom Shadyac
## directorTommy Lee Wallace
## directorTony Goldwyn
## directorTony Scott
## directorTyler Perry .
## directorundefined
## directorValerio Zurlini
## directorVictor Fleming
## directorVictor Levin *
## directorVincent Gallo
## directorVincente Minnelli
## directorWally Pfister
## directorWarren Beatty
## directorWayne Kramer
## directorWayne Wang .
## directorWes Anderson
## directorWill Gluck
## directorWilliam A. Wellman
## directorWilliam Friedkin
## directorWilliam Wyler
## directorWolfgang Petersen
## directorWoody Allen
## directorYann Samuell
## directorYorgos Lanthimos
## directorZach Braff
## directorZack Snyder
## character_1_genderwoman
## character_2_genderwoman
## couple_number ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 5.194 on 641 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.7932, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6276
## F-statistic: 4.791 on 513 and 641 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16Inferences:
- This model is the best model out of all the others above.
- This model has an adjusted R-Squared score of 0.62 which is the best out of all the above ones.
I have chosen actor_1_age, director , character_1_gender, character_2_gender, couple_number as my explanatory variables by applying my intuitions.
6. Model Diagnosis-
1. Residuals vs. Fitted Values
gg_resfitted(model) +
geom_smooth(se=FALSE)## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'gam' and formula = 'y ~ s(x, bs = "cs")'
The residual points in the graph seems to be following the line, so this is a good model.
2. Residuals vs. X Values
residual_plots <- gg_resX(model)
3. Residuals Histogram
gg_reshist(model)## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
This seems to be a fairely good normalized curve. Hence we can say that this is a good model.
4. QQ-Plots
gg_qqplot(model)
As we can see, the points follow the lines path, we can say that this is a good model.
Hence, I feel like this is the correct model for my dataset.
6. Conclusion-
In conclusion, analyzing age differences in romantic couple shown in films provides useful insights on both cinematic trends and societal views of relationships. Through exploratory data analysis, we uncovered several key findings. Firstly, the age of the older actor has a considerable impact on the age gap between on-screen couples, with larger age gaps becoming more common as performers age. Secondly, certain directors show consistent trends in the age dynamics of their films, indicating a unique directing influence on onscreen relationships. Furthermore, gender combinations play an important role, showing that the portrayal of relationships is influenced by both age and gender dynamics. Model 4, which included actor_1_age, director, character_1_gender, character_2_gender, and couple_number, emerged as the best model based on adjusted R-squared.