0.1 İlk Proje

R yükleme

Rmarkdown başlangıç

Web sayfası hazırlama

İnternete yükleme

0.2 Formül

\[ f(x)=λe^λx \]

# ggplot2 paketini yükleyin install.packages(“ggplot2”)

library(ggplot2)

veri <- data.frame( Tarih = seq(as.Date(“2012-01-01”), as.Date(“2022-01-01”), by = “months”), OnsAltinDolar = c(1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, 1900, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500, 2600)

ggplot(data = veri, aes(x = Tarih, y = OnsAltinDolar)) + geom_line(color = “blue”) + labs(title = “Ons Altının Dolar Bazındaki Değişimi (2012-2022)”, x = “Tarih”, y = “Ons Altın Fiyatı (Dolar)”)

0.3 Makine Öğrenmesini Açıklayın

Makine öğrenmesi, bilgisayar sistemlerinin belirli bir görevi yerine getirmek için veri kullanarak örüntüleri tanımlama, keşfetme ve öğrenme yeteneğine sahip olduğu yapay zeka alanıdır. Bu süreçte, algoritmalar veri setlerini analiz eder, örüntüleri belirler ve bu örüntüleri kullanarak gelecekteki verileri tahmin etmeyi veya belirli bir görevi yerine getirmeyi öğrenirler. Makine öğrenimi, sınıflandırma, regresyon, kümeleme, desen tanıma gibi çeşitli problemleri çözmek için kullanılır ve geniş bir uygulama alanına sahiptir, örneğin sağlık, finans, otomotiv, perakende ve daha fazlasında kullanılır. Bu süreç, veriye dayalı karar alma süreçlerini otomatikleştirmek ve geliştirmek için kullanılır, böylece sistemler daha doğru ve verimli hale gelir.

0.4 Kaggle Projesi

0.5 Spacehip Titanic (Kaggle Tanıtımı)

“2912 yılına hoş geldiniz, burada veri bilimi becerilerinizin bir kozmik gizemi çözmek için gerektiği bir zamandayız. Dört ışık yılı uzaklıktan bir ileti aldık ve durum iyi görünmüyor.

Uzay Gemisi Titanic, bir ay önce fırlatılan bir yıldızlararası yolcu gemisiydi. Yaklaşık 13.000 yolcuyla yola çıkan gemi, Güneş sistemimizden üç yeni yaşanabilir yıldız etrafında dönen gezegenlere göçmenleri taşıyarak ilk seferine başladı.

İlk varış noktası olan 55 Cancri E’ye, Alfa Centauri’yi dolaşırken, dikkatsiz Uzay Gemisi Titanic, bir toz bulutunun içinde gizlenmiş bir uzay-zaman anormalliğiyle çarpıştı. Ne yazık ki, adını taşıdığı gemiye bin yıl önceki kaderle benzer bir kaderi paylaştı. Gemi bütünlüğünü korudu, ancak neredeyse yolcuların yarısı alternatif bir boyuta taşındı!

Kurtarma ekiplerine yardım etmek ve kayıp yolcuları kurtarmak için, uzay gemisinin hasar görmüş bilgisayar sisteminden kurtarılan kayıtları kullanarak hangi yolcuların anormallik tarafından taşındığını tahmin etmeniz isteniyor.

Onları kurtarmaya yardım edin ve tarihi değiştirin!”

0.6 Ortalama, standart sapma, kovaryans ve korelasyon nedir?

Ortalama

Gözlem değerlerinin tümünü toplayarak gözlem sayısına böldüğünde elde edilen değere aritmetik ortalama denir.

Standart Sapma

Standart sapma, verilerin aritmetik ortalamaya göre nasıl bir yayılım gösterdiğini anlatır.

Kovaryans

Kovaryans, iki değişken arasındaki ilişkinin yönünü ve derecesini ölçen bir istatistiksel terimdir. İki değişken arasındaki değişim eğilimlerini belirler.Pozitif bir kovaryans, iki değişkenin birlikte artma eğiliminde olduğunu gösterirken, negatif bir kovaryans, bir değişken artarken diğerinin azaldığını gösterir. Kovaryansın sıfır olması, değişkenler arasında bir ilişki olmadığını gösterir.

Korelasyon

Korelasyon, iki değişken arasındaki ilişkinin doğasını ve gücünü ölçen bir istatistiksel terimdir. Kovaryansın standartlaştırılmış bir versiyonudur.Korelasyon katsayısı (-1 ile +1 arasında değer alır), değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin doğasını gösterir. +1, mükemmel pozitif korelasyonu, -1 ise mükemmel negatif korelasyonu gösterirken, 0, değişkenler arasında herhangi bir ilişkinin olmadığını gösterir.Korelasyon, kovaryansın değişkenlerin standart sapmaları ile normalize edilmesiyle hesaplanır.

0.7 Formüllerini yazın.

0.8 Ortalama

\[ x=\frac{1}N\sum_{i=1}x_if_i \]

0.9 Standart Sapma

\[ \sigma = \sqrt{\frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n} (x_i - \bar{x})^2} \]

0.10 Kovaryans

\[ \text{Cov}(X,Y) = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n} (X_i - \bar{X})(Y_i - \bar{Y}) \]

0.11 Korelasyon

\[ \text{Corr}(X,Y) = \frac{\text{Cov}(X,Y)}{\sigma_X \times \sigma_Y} \]

0.12 Örneği yazın ve çözün.

ÖRNEK 1:X= (1,2,2,2,3,4,4,5,5,5,6,6) ; 𝑁 = 12 gözlem sonuçları verilmiştir. Bu verilerin aritmetik ortalamasını bulunuz.

ÇÖZÜM:
\[ x=\frac{1}N\sum_{i=1}x_if_i=\frac{1}{12}(1*1+2*3+3*1+4*2+5*3+6*2)=3,75 \],

ÖRNEK 2:X=(1,2,3,4,5,6) veri grubu için örneklem standart sapmasını bulunuz.

ÇÖZÜM: \[ x=\frac{1}{6}(1+2+3+4+5+6)=3.5 \]

\[ (x_i-x)=(-2.5,-1.5,-0.5,0.5,1.5,2.5), i=1,2,3,4,5,6 \]

\[ (x_i-x)^2=(6.25, 2.25, 0.25, 0.25, 2.25, 6.25) \]

\[ \sum_{i=1}(x_i-x)^2=2×6,25+2×2,25+2×0,25=17,5 \]

\[ \frac{\sum_{i=1}(x_i-x)^2}{N}=\frac{17,5}{5}=3,5 \]

\[ S_x\sqrt{3,5} \]

ÖRNEK 3:Bir çiftçi, iki farklı tarım ürünü olan buğday ve arpa yetiştirmektedir. Çiftçi, bu iki ürün arasındaki kovaryansı hesaplayarak, buğday ve arpa arasındaki ilişkiyi anlamak istiyor.

Çiftçi, geçen beş yıl boyunca her yılın hasat miktarını (ton cinsinden) kaydetmiştir: Buğday hasatı: 4, 5, 6, 4, 7 ton Arpa hasatı: 3, 4, 5, 4, 6 ton

ÇÖZÜM: \[ X=\frac{1}{5}(4+5+6+4+7)=5.2 ton \]

\[ X=\frac{1}{5}(3+4+5+4+6)=4.4 ton \]

\[ (X_i-X)*(Y_i-Y)=(4-5.2)*(3-4.4)=1.68 \]

\[ (X_i-X)*(Y_i-Y)=(5-5.2)*(4-4.4)=0.08 \]

\[ (X_i-X)*(Y_i-Y)=(6-5.2)*(5-4.4)=0.72 \]

\[ (X_i-X)*(Y_i-Y)=(4-5.2)*(4-4.4)=0.48 \]

\[ (X_i-X)*(Y_i-Y)=(6-5.2)*(7-4.4)=2.08 \]

Bu değerlerin toplamını alarak toplam yıllar sayısına böldüğümüzde kovaryansı bulmuş oluruz. \[ =\frac{1}{5}(1.68+0.08+0.72+0.48+2.08)=1.008 \]

ÖRNEK4:Bir markette satılan dondurma ve güneş kremi arasındaki korelasyonu düşünelim. Bu durumda, yaz aylarında dondurma satışları artarken aynı zamanda güneş kremi satışları da artar. Bu, pozitif bir korelasyon olduğunu gösterir. Yani, sıcak havalarda dondurma satışları arttıkça, aynı zamanda güneş kremi satışları da artar. Bu örnekte, iki değişken arasındaki korelasyonun pozitif olduğunu göstermek için bir örnek olarak kullanılabilir.

0.13 Train ve Test set

test.csv : Geriye kalan yolcuların üçte biri (~4300) için kişisel kayıtlar, test verisi olarak kullanılacaktır. Göreviniz, bu setteki yolcuların Transported değerini tahmin etmektir.

train.csv: Yolcuların yaklaşık üçte ikisi (~8700) için kişisel kayıtlar, eğitim verisi olarak kullanılacaktır.

PassengerId: Her yolcu için benzersiz bir kimlik. Her kimlik gggg_pp biçimindedir, burada gggg, yolcuyla seyahat eden grubu ve pp ise gruptaki sıralarını gösterir. Bir gruptaki insanlar genellikle aile üyeleridir, ancak her zaman değil.

HomePlanet: Yolcunun ayrıldığı gezegen, genellikle kalıcı ikamet gezegenleri.

CryoSleep: Yolcunun yolculuğun süresi boyunca askıya alınmış animasyona girmeyi seçip seçmediğini belirtir. Kriyo uykusundaki yolcular kabinlerine kapatılır.

Cabin: Yolcunun konakladığı kabin numarası. Deck/num/side biçiminde, burada side, P’nin Port veya S’nin Starboard olabileceği gibi her iki taraftan biri olabilir.

Destination: Yolcunun ayrılacağı gezegen.

Age: Yolcunun yaşı.

VIP: Yolcunun yolculuk sırasında özel VIP hizmeti için ödeme yapılıp yapılmadığı.

RoomService, FoodCourt, ShoppingMall, Spa, VRDeck: Yolcunun Spaceship Titanic’in birçok lüks olanaklarında faturalandırılan miktarları.

Name: Yolcunun adı ve soyadı.

Transported: Yolcunun başka bir boyuta taşınıp taşınmadığı. Bu, hedef, tahmin etmeye çalıştığınız sütun.

PassengerId: Test setindeki her yolcu için bir kimlik.

Transported: Hedef. Her yolcu için True veya False tahmin edin.

test <- read.csv("test.csv")
train <- read.csv("train.csv")
train <- transform(train,
                   groupId = substr(PassengerId, 1, 4),
                   PassengerNumber = substr(PassengerId, 6, nchar(PassengerId)))
train$GroupId <- duplicated(train$groupId) | duplicated(train$groupId, fromLast = TRUE)
library(tidyverse)
## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr     1.1.4     ✔ readr     2.1.5
## ✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.1
## ✔ ggplot2   3.5.0     ✔ tibble    3.2.1
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.3     ✔ tidyr     1.3.1
## ✔ purrr     1.0.2     
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors
train$deck <- substr(train$Cabin, 1, 1)
train$num <- substring(train$Cabin, 2, nchar(train$Cabin) - 2)
train$side <- substr(train$Cabin, nchar(train$Cabin), nchar(train$Cabin))
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet         CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:8693        Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                     3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                     NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
## 
train$HomePlanet <- as.factor(train$HomePlanet)
unique(train$HomePlanet)
## [1] Europa Earth  Mars         
## Levels:  Earth Europa Mars
library(dplyr)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:8693        Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                     3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                     NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
## 
fill_na <- function(df) {
  df_filled <- df 
  df_filled$homeplanet <- NA  
  
  for (i in 1:nrow(df_filled)) {
    if (is.na(df_filled[i, "HomePlanet"])) {
      passenger_id <- unlist(strsplit(df_filled[i, "PassengerId"], "_"))[1]
      group_entries <- df_filled[grep(passenger_id, df_filled$PassengerId), "HomePlanet"]
      valid_entries <- group_entries[!is.na(group_entries)]
      if (length(valid_entries) > 0) {
        df_filled[i, "homeplanet"] <- as.character(valid_entries[1])  
      }
    } else {
      df_filled[i, "homeplanet"] <- as.character(df_filled[i, "HomePlanet"])  
    }
  }
  return(df_filled)
}
train <- fill_na(train)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:8693        Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                     3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                     NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet       
##  Length:8693       
##  Class :character  
##  Mode  :character  
##                    
##                    
##                    
## 
train$homeplanet <- as.factor(train$homeplanet)
train <- train %>% mutate(homeplanet2=if_else(is.na(homeplanet), "Earth", homeplanet))
train$homeplanet2 <- as.factor(train$homeplanet2)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:8693        Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                     3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                     NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2  
##        : 201         : 201  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759  
##                             
##                             
## 
train$Destination <- as.factor(train$Destination)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2  
##        : 201         : 201  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759  
##                             
##                             
## 
fill_na <- function(df) {
  df_filled <- df 
  df_filled$destination <- NA  
  
  for (i in 1:nrow(df_filled)) {
    if (is.na(df_filled[i, "Destination"])) {
      passenger_id <- unlist(strsplit(df_filled[i, "PassengerId"], "_"))[1]
      group_entries <- df_filled[grep(passenger_id, df_filled$PassengerId), "Destination"]
      valid_entries <- group_entries[!is.na(group_entries)]
      if (length(valid_entries) > 0) {
        df_filled[i, "destination"] <- as.character(valid_entries[1])  
      }
    } else {
      df_filled[i, "destination"] <- as.character(df_filled[i, "Destination"])  
    }
  }
  return(df_filled)
}
train <- fill_na(train)
train$destination <- as.factor(train$destination)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination  
##        : 201         : 201                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                  
##                                                  
## 
train <- train %>% mutate(destination2=if_else(is.na(destination), "TRAPPIST-1e", destination))
train$destination2 <- as.factor(train$destination2)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        : 201         : 201                : 182                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
## 
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(train, aes(x=RoomService))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 181 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

train$roomservice <- ifelse(is.na(train$RoomService), 0, train$RoomService)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        : 201         : 201                : 182                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##   roomservice   
##  Min.   :    0  
##  1st Qu.:    0  
##  Median :    0  
##  Mean   :  220  
##  3rd Qu.:   41  
##  Max.   :14327  
## 
ggplot(train, aes(x=FoodCourt))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 183 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

train$foodcourt <- ifelse(is.na(train$FoodCourt), 0, train$FoodCourt)
ggplot(train, aes(x=ShoppingMall))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 208 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

train$shoppingmall <- ifelse(is.na(train$ShoppingMall), 0, train$ShoppingMall)
ggplot(train, aes(x=Spa))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 183 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

train$spa <- ifelse(is.na(train$Spa), 0, train$Spa)
ggplot(train, aes(x=VRDeck))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 188 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

train$vrdeck <- ifelse(is.na(train$VRDeck), 0, train$VRDeck)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        : 201         : 201                : 182                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##   roomservice      foodcourt        shoppingmall          spa         
##  Min.   :    0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  220   Mean   :  448.4   Mean   :  169.6   Mean   :  304.6  
##  3rd Qu.:   41   3rd Qu.:   61.0   3rd Qu.:   22.0   3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##  Max.   :14327   Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0  
##                                                                       
##      vrdeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  298.3  
##  3rd Qu.:   40.0  
##  Max.   :24133.0  
## 
train <- train %>%
  group_by(PassengerId) %>%
  mutate(CabinFilled = ifelse(is.na(Cabin), first(Cabin[!is.na(Cabin)]), Cabin))
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201   Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        : 201         : 201                : 182                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##   roomservice      foodcourt        shoppingmall          spa         
##  Min.   :    0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  220   Mean   :  448.4   Mean   :  169.6   Mean   :  304.6  
##  3rd Qu.:   41   3rd Qu.:   61.0   3rd Qu.:   22.0   3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##  Max.   :14327   Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0  
##                                                                       
##      vrdeck        CabinFilled       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Length:8693       
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   Class :character  
##  Median :    0.0   Mode  :character  
##  Mean   :  298.3                     
##  3rd Qu.:   40.0                     
##  Max.   :24133.0                     
## 
train$CryoSleep[is.na(train$CryoSleep)] <- NA
train$CryoSleep <- as.factor(train$CryoSleep)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet   CryoSleep       Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201        : 217   Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   False:5439   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   True :3037   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        : 201         : 201                : 182                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##   roomservice      foodcourt        shoppingmall          spa         
##  Min.   :    0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  220   Mean   :  448.4   Mean   :  169.6   Mean   :  304.6  
##  3rd Qu.:   41   3rd Qu.:   61.0   3rd Qu.:   22.0   3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##  Max.   :14327   Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0  
##                                                                       
##      vrdeck        CabinFilled       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Length:8693       
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   Class :character  
##  Median :    0.0   Mode  :character  
##  Mean   :  298.3                     
##  3rd Qu.:   40.0                     
##  Max.   :24133.0                     
## 
train$crysoleep <- ifelse(is.na(as.logical(train$CryoSleep)), FALSE, as.logical(train$CryoSleep))
ggplot(train, aes(x=Age))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 179 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

train$age <- ifelse(is.na(train$Age), 20, train$Age)
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet   CryoSleep       Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201        : 217   Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   False:5439   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   True :3037   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00   Length:8693        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                      Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                      3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                        NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        : 201         : 201                : 182                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##   roomservice      foodcourt        shoppingmall          spa         
##  Min.   :    0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  220   Mean   :  448.4   Mean   :  169.6   Mean   :  304.6  
##  3rd Qu.:   41   3rd Qu.:   61.0   3rd Qu.:   22.0   3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##  Max.   :14327   Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0  
##                                                                       
##      vrdeck        CabinFilled        crysoleep            age       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Length:8693        Mode :logical   Min.   : 0.00  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   Class :character   FALSE:5656      1st Qu.:20.00  
##  Median :    0.0   Mode  :character   TRUE :3037      Median :27.00  
##  Mean   :  298.3                                      Mean   :28.65  
##  3rd Qu.:   40.0                                      3rd Qu.:37.00  
##  Max.   :24133.0                                      Max.   :79.00  
## 
train$VIP <- as.factor(train$VIP)
train$vip <- ifelse(is.na(as.logical(train$VIP)), FALSE, as.logical(train$VIP))
summary(train)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet   CryoSleep       Cabin          
##  Length:8693              : 201        : 217   Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Earth :4602   False:5439   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:2131   True :3037   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  :1759                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##         Destination        Age           VIP        RoomService     
##               : 182   Min.   : 0.00        : 203   Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  :1800   1st Qu.:19.00   False:8291   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 796   Median :27.00   True : 199   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   Mean   :28.83                Mean   :  224.7  
##                       3rd Qu.:38.00                3rd Qu.:   47.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                Max.   :14327.0  
##                       NA's   :179                  NA's   :181      
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall          Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  458.1   Mean   :  173.7   Mean   :  311.1   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   76.0   3rd Qu.:   27.0   3rd Qu.:   59.0   3rd Qu.:   46.0  
##  Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0   Max.   :24133.0  
##  NA's   :183       NA's   :208       NA's   :183       NA's   :188      
##      Name           Transported          groupId          PassengerNumber   
##  Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##   GroupId            deck               num                side          
##  Mode :logical   Length:8693        Length:8693        Length:8693       
##  FALSE:4805      Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  TRUE :3888      Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##   homeplanet   homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        : 201         : 201                : 182                : 182  
##  Earth :4602   Earth :4602   55 Cancri e  :1800   55 Cancri e  :1800  
##  Europa:2131   Europa:2131   PSO J318.5-22: 796   PSO J318.5-22: 796  
##  Mars  :1759   Mars  :1759   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915   TRAPPIST-1e  :5915  
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##                                                                       
##   roomservice      foodcourt        shoppingmall          spa         
##  Min.   :    0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  220   Mean   :  448.4   Mean   :  169.6   Mean   :  304.6  
##  3rd Qu.:   41   3rd Qu.:   61.0   3rd Qu.:   22.0   3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##  Max.   :14327   Max.   :29813.0   Max.   :23492.0   Max.   :22408.0  
##                                                                       
##      vrdeck        CabinFilled        crysoleep            age       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Length:8693        Mode :logical   Min.   : 0.00  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   Class :character   FALSE:5656      1st Qu.:20.00  
##  Median :    0.0   Mode  :character   TRUE :3037      Median :27.00  
##  Mean   :  298.3                                      Mean   :28.65  
##  3rd Qu.:   40.0                                      3rd Qu.:37.00  
##  Max.   :24133.0                                      Max.   :79.00  
##                                                                      
##     vip         
##  Mode :logical  
##  FALSE:8494     
##  TRUE :199      
##                 
##                 
##                 
## 
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet         CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:4277        Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                     3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                     NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name          
##  Length:4277       
##  Class :character  
##  Mode  :character  
##                    
##                    
##                    
## 
test <- transform(test,
                   groupId = substr(PassengerId, 1, 4),
                   PassengerNumber = substr(PassengerId, 6, nchar(PassengerId)))
test$GroupId <- duplicated(test$groupId) | duplicated(test$groupId, fromLast = TRUE)
test$deck <- substr(test$Cabin, 1, 1)
test$num <- substring(test$Cabin, 2, nchar(test$Cabin) - 2)
test$side <- substr(test$Cabin, nchar(test$Cabin), nchar(test$Cabin))
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet         CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:4277        Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                     3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                     NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side          
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                          
##                                                          
##                                                          
## 
test$HomePlanet <- as.factor(test$HomePlanet)
unique(test$HomePlanet)
## [1] Earth  Europa Mars         
## Levels:  Earth Europa Mars
library(dplyr)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:4277        Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                     3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                     NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side          
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                          
##                                                          
##                                                          
## 
fill_na <- function(df) {
  df_filled <- df 
  df_filled$homeplanet <- NA  
  
  for (i in 1:nrow(df_filled)) {
    if (is.na(df_filled[i, "HomePlanet"])) {
      passenger_id <- unlist(strsplit(df_filled[i, "PassengerId"], "_"))[1]
      group_entries <- df_filled[grep(passenger_id, df_filled$PassengerId), "HomePlanet"]
      valid_entries <- group_entries[!is.na(group_entries)]
      if (length(valid_entries) > 0) {
        df_filled[i, "homeplanet"] <- as.character(valid_entries[1])  
      }
    } else {
      df_filled[i, "homeplanet"] <- as.character(df_filled[i, "HomePlanet"])  
    }
  }
  return(df_filled)
}
test <- fill_na(test)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:4277        Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                     3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                     NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
##                                                                             
## 
test$homeplanet <- as.factor(test$homeplanet)
test <- test %>% mutate(homeplanet2=if_else(is.na(homeplanet), "Earth", homeplanet))
test$homeplanet2 <- as.factor(test$homeplanet2)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  Destination             Age            VIP             RoomService     
##  Length:4277        Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Mode  :character   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##                     Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                     3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                     Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                     NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2  
##        :  87  
##  Earth :2263  
##  Europa:1002  
##  Mars  : 925  
##               
##               
## 
test$Destination <- as.factor(test$Destination)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2  
##        :  87  
##  Earth :2263  
##  Europa:1002  
##  Mars  : 925  
##               
##               
## 
fill_na <- function(df) {
  df_filled <- df 
  df_filled$destination <- NA  
  
  for (i in 1:nrow(df_filled)) {
    if (is.na(df_filled[i, "Destination"])) {
      passenger_id <- unlist(strsplit(df_filled[i, "PassengerId"], "_"))[1]
      group_entries <- df_filled[grep(passenger_id, df_filled$PassengerId), "Destination"]
      valid_entries <- group_entries[!is.na(group_entries)]
      if (length(valid_entries) > 0) {
        df_filled[i, "destination"] <- as.character(valid_entries[1])  
      }
    } else {
      df_filled[i, "destination"] <- as.character(df_filled[i, "Destination"])  
    }
  }
  return(df_filled)
}
test <- fill_na(test)
test$destination <- as.factor(test$destination)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination  
##        :  87                :  92  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956  
##                                    
##                                    
## 
test <- test %>% mutate(destination2=if_else(is.na(destination), "TRAPPIST-1e", destination))
test$destination2 <- as.factor(test$destination2)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination          destination2 
##        :  87                :  92                :  92  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841   55 Cancri e  : 841  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388   PSO J318.5-22: 388  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956  
##                                                         
##                                                         
## 
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(test, aes(x=RoomService))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 82 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

test$roomservice <- ifelse(is.na(test$RoomService), 0, test$RoomService)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination          destination2   roomservice     
##        :  87                :  92                :  92   Min.   :    0.0  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841   55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388   PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :    0.0  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :  215.1  
##                                                          3rd Qu.:   48.0  
##                                                          Max.   :11567.0  
## 
ggplot(test, aes(x=FoodCourt))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 106 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

test$foodcourt <- ifelse(is.na(test$FoodCourt), 0, test$FoodCourt)
ggplot(test, aes(x=ShoppingMall))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 98 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

test$shoppingmall <- ifelse(is.na(test$ShoppingMall), 0, test$ShoppingMall)
ggplot(test, aes(x=Spa))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 101 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

test$spa <- ifelse(is.na(test$Spa), 0, test$Spa)
ggplot(test, aes(x=VRDeck))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 80 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

test$vrdeck <- ifelse(is.na(test$VRDeck), 0, test$VRDeck)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination          destination2   roomservice     
##        :  87                :  92                :  92   Min.   :    0.0  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841   55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388   PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :    0.0  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :  215.1  
##                                                          3rd Qu.:   48.0  
##                                                          Max.   :11567.0  
##                                                                           
##    foodcourt        shoppingmall         spa              vrdeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  428.6   Mean   : 173.2   Mean   :  295.9   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   66.0   3rd Qu.:  27.0   3rd Qu.:   43.0   3rd Qu.:   31.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
## 
test <- test %>%
  group_by(PassengerId) %>%
  mutate(CabinFilled = ifelse(is.na(Cabin), first(Cabin[!is.na(Cabin)]), Cabin))
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet    CryoSleep            Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87   Length:4277        Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination          destination2   roomservice     
##        :  87                :  92                :  92   Min.   :    0.0  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841   55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388   PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :    0.0  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :  215.1  
##                                                          3rd Qu.:   48.0  
##                                                          Max.   :11567.0  
##                                                                           
##    foodcourt        shoppingmall         spa              vrdeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  428.6   Mean   : 173.2   Mean   :  295.9   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   66.0   3rd Qu.:  27.0   3rd Qu.:   43.0   3rd Qu.:   31.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##                                                                        
##  CabinFilled       
##  Length:4277       
##  Class :character  
##  Mode  :character  
##                    
##                    
##                    
## 
test$CryoSleep[is.na(test$CryoSleep)] <- NA
test$CryoSleep <- as.factor(test$CryoSleep)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet   CryoSleep       Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87        :  93   Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   False:2640   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   True :1544   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination          destination2   roomservice     
##        :  87                :  92                :  92   Min.   :    0.0  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841   55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388   PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :    0.0  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :  215.1  
##                                                          3rd Qu.:   48.0  
##                                                          Max.   :11567.0  
##                                                                           
##    foodcourt        shoppingmall         spa              vrdeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  428.6   Mean   : 173.2   Mean   :  295.9   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   66.0   3rd Qu.:  27.0   3rd Qu.:   43.0   3rd Qu.:   31.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##                                                                        
##  CabinFilled       
##  Length:4277       
##  Class :character  
##  Mode  :character  
##                    
##                    
##                    
## 
test$crysoleep <- ifelse(is.na(as.logical(test$CryoSleep)), FALSE, as.logical(test$CryoSleep))
ggplot(test, aes(x=Age))+
geom_histogram()
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## Warning: Removed 91 rows containing non-finite outside the scale range
## (`stat_bin()`).

test$age <- ifelse(is.na(test$Age), 20, test$Age)
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet   CryoSleep       Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87        :  93   Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   False:2640   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   True :1544   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##         Destination        Age            VIP             RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00   Length:4277        Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   Class :character   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   Mode  :character   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                      Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                      3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                      Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                         NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination          destination2   roomservice     
##        :  87                :  92                :  92   Min.   :    0.0  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841   55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388   PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :    0.0  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :  215.1  
##                                                          3rd Qu.:   48.0  
##                                                          Max.   :11567.0  
##                                                                           
##    foodcourt        shoppingmall         spa              vrdeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  428.6   Mean   : 173.2   Mean   :  295.9   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   66.0   3rd Qu.:  27.0   3rd Qu.:   43.0   3rd Qu.:   31.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##                                                                        
##  CabinFilled        crysoleep            age       
##  Length:4277        Mode :logical   Min.   : 0.00  
##  Class :character   FALSE:2733      1st Qu.:20.00  
##  Mode  :character   TRUE :1544      Median :26.00  
##                                     Mean   :28.47  
##                                     3rd Qu.:37.00  
##                                     Max.   :79.00  
## 
test$VIP <- as.factor(test$VIP)
test$vip <- ifelse(is.na(as.logical(test$VIP)), FALSE, as.logical(test$VIP))
summary(test)
##  PassengerId         HomePlanet   CryoSleep       Cabin          
##  Length:4277              :  87        :  93   Length:4277       
##  Class :character   Earth :2263   False:2640   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Europa:1002   True :1544   Mode  :character  
##                     Mars  : 925                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##                                                                  
##         Destination        Age           VIP        RoomService     
##               :  92   Min.   : 0.00        :  93   Min.   :    0.0  
##  55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:19.00   False:4110   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :26.00   True :  74   Median :    0.0  
##  TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :28.66                Mean   :  219.3  
##                       3rd Qu.:37.00                3rd Qu.:   53.0  
##                       Max.   :79.00                Max.   :11567.0  
##                       NA's   :91                   NA's   :82       
##    FoodCourt        ShoppingMall         Spa              VRDeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  439.5   Mean   : 177.3   Mean   :  303.1   Mean   :  310.7  
##  3rd Qu.:   78.0   3rd Qu.:  33.0   3rd Qu.:   50.0   3rd Qu.:   36.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##  NA's   :106       NA's   :98       NA's   :101       NA's   :80       
##      Name             groupId          PassengerNumber     GroupId       
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277        Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   FALSE:2340     
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   TRUE :1937     
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##                                                                          
##      deck               num                side            homeplanet  
##  Length:4277        Length:4277        Length:4277              :  87  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Earth :2263  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Europa:1002  
##                                                           Mars  : 925  
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##                                                                        
##  homeplanet2          destination          destination2   roomservice     
##        :  87                :  92                :  92   Min.   :    0.0  
##  Earth :2263   55 Cancri e  : 841   55 Cancri e  : 841   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Europa:1002   PSO J318.5-22: 388   PSO J318.5-22: 388   Median :    0.0  
##  Mars  : 925   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   TRAPPIST-1e  :2956   Mean   :  215.1  
##                                                          3rd Qu.:   48.0  
##                                                          Max.   :11567.0  
##                                                                           
##    foodcourt        shoppingmall         spa              vrdeck       
##  Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :    0.0   Min.   :    0.0  
##  1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0   1st Qu.:    0.0  
##  Median :    0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :    0.0   Median :    0.0  
##  Mean   :  428.6   Mean   : 173.2   Mean   :  295.9   Mean   :  304.9  
##  3rd Qu.:   66.0   3rd Qu.:  27.0   3rd Qu.:   43.0   3rd Qu.:   31.0  
##  Max.   :25273.0   Max.   :8292.0   Max.   :19844.0   Max.   :22272.0  
##                                                                        
##  CabinFilled        crysoleep            age           vip         
##  Length:4277        Mode :logical   Min.   : 0.00   Mode :logical  
##  Class :character   FALSE:2733      1st Qu.:20.00   FALSE:4203     
##  Mode  :character   TRUE :1544      Median :26.00   TRUE :74       
##                                     Mean   :28.47                  
##                                     3rd Qu.:37.00                  
##                                     Max.   :79.00                  
##